CN206847555U - The self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife - Google Patents
The self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife Download PDFInfo
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- CN206847555U CN206847555U CN201720754508.XU CN201720754508U CN206847555U CN 206847555 U CN206847555 U CN 206847555U CN 201720754508 U CN201720754508 U CN 201720754508U CN 206847555 U CN206847555 U CN 206847555U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife, including schlieren, knife edge device, camera, controller and image-forming objective lens, the schlieren, knife edge device, image-forming objective lens and camera are arranged in order point-blank, also include stepper motor, the knife edge device includes edge of a knife motor, the edge of a knife, lead screw guide rails and knife-edge supporter, right angle setting knife-edge supporter in lead screw guide rails, the edge of a knife that the plan vertical installation of knife-edge supporter can rotate, the edge of a knife is also connected with edge of a knife motor, and edge of a knife motor connects controller simultaneously；The controller connects stepper motor by drive and control of electric machine line, and stepper motor is also connected with lead screw guide rails, and controller connects camera by video cables.The utility model is changed to mechanical adjustment by existing regulation manually, realizes that accurately reasonably focal plane present position is arrived in regulation by the edge of a knife by said structure.
Description
Technical field
It the utility model is related to schlieren field, and in particular to the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife.
Background technology
Stration technique be schlieren system carry out Flow visualisation and measurement commonly used optical means, the technology be by
What Toepler proposed in 1884, and applied to detection optical glass refractive index.Stration technique is a kind of stream of non-intrusion type
Research method, because this technology stream field variable density is very sensitive and not interference flowing field, therefore Combustion, shock wave,
It is widely adopted in the research in the field such as Flow Field in Wind Tunnel and water hole flow field.In recent years, quantitative stration technique is widely used in flowing
Density, temperature, speed and the morphometry in flow field of field, all these quantitative measurments are established in convection current field density and schlieren
On the basis of corresponding relation curve demarcation in advance between gradation of image, and the accurate adjustment of the edge of a knife is to obtain the pass of the curve
Key.Therefore, schlieren system is either used for flow-field visualized or flow field quantitative calculating, and edge of a knife sword side is accurately located at burnt flat
At face and the edge of a knife depth of cut is an important factor for influenceing schlieren image sensitivity.At present, all it is that manually the regulation edge of a knife exists
The position of focal plane, the edge of a knife accurately cannot reasonably be adjusted and arrive focal plane present position.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is how by the edge of a knife, accurately reasonably focal plane present position is arrived in regulation,
Purpose is the self-checking device for providing the schlieren edge of a knife, is changed to mechanical adjustment by existing regulation manually, realizes the edge of a knife
Focal plane present position is arrived in accurate rational regulation.
The utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife, including schlieren, knife edge device, camera, controller and image-forming objective lens, institute
Schlieren, knife edge device, image-forming objective lens and camera is stated to be arranged in order point-blank, in addition to stepper motor, the edge of a knife
Device includes edge of a knife motor, the edge of a knife, lead screw guide rails and knife-edge supporter, right angle setting knife-edge supporter in lead screw guide rails, knife-edge supporter
The edge of a knife that can rotate of plan vertical installation, the edge of a knife is also connected with edge of a knife motor, and edge of a knife motor connects controller simultaneously；The control
Device processed connects stepper motor by drive and control of electric machine line, and stepper motor is also connected with lead screw guide rails, and controller passes through video cables
Connect camera.
The schlieren picture captured by industrial camera, when the edge of a knife is in position of focal plane, light beam at edge of a knife cutting focal plane, camera
Imaging is uniform；When the edge of a knife is not in position of focal plane, i.e., when before focus or after focus, camera imaging is uneven.Camera is grabbed
The schlieren Image relaying photographed, then can Driving Stepping Motor work when controller detects that camera imaging is uneven to controller
Make, trigger fixed pulse and allow screw mandrel to be moved forward and backward in lead screw guide rails, so as to control the edge of a knife to move forward and backward, be repeated several times, directly
When being located at focal plane position to the edge of a knife, untill camera imaging is uniform.
This programme is used instead by adjusting the edge of a knife manually in the past in the position of focal plane and is utilized lead screw guide rails, knife-edge supporter, edge of a knife electricity
Machine and stepper motor it is combined mode automatic tool preset mouth position of focal plane adjustment, realize by the edge of a knife accurately reasonably regulation arrive focal plane
Present position.
Preferably, first lens are cemented doublet.Cemented doublet be it is a kind of low scattered crown glass just
The achromatic lens that lens and the flint glass negative lens of high dispersive bonding form, is compared with single lens, and achromatism is double glued
The spherical aberration of lens is much smaller, and transmission-type light path is more preferable.
Preferably, first lens and the second lens are convex lens, and LED light source is on the first lens and the second lens
What is formed is transmission-type light path, and knife edge device is located on the axial line of the first lens and the second lens.
Preferably, the camera is CCD camera, the camera face edge of a knife.
Preferably, the edge of a knife is light tight.
The utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages and advantages：
1st, the utility model is by adjusting the edge of a knife in the position of focal plane in the past manually, use instead using lead screw guide rails, knife-edge supporter,
Edge of a knife motor and stepper motor it is combined mode automatic tool preset mouth position of focal plane adjustment, realize and accurately reasonably adjust the edge of a knife
To focal plane present position.
2nd, the utility model cemented doublet is a kind of low scattered crown glass positive lens and the flint glass of high dispersive
The achromatic lens that glass negative lens bonding forms, is compared, the spherical aberration of achromatic doublet is much smaller, thoroughly with single lens
It is more preferable to penetrate formula light path.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing further understanding the utility model embodiment, forms the one of the application
Part, the restriction to the utility model embodiment is not formed.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the utility model structure diagram.
Mark and corresponding parts title in accompanying drawing：
1-LED light sources；The lens of 2- first；The lens of 3- second；4- edge of a knife motors；5- cameras；6- stepper motors；7- is controlled
Device；The 8- edges of a knife；9- lead screw guide rails；10- knife-edge supporters；11- image-forming objective lens.
Embodiment
For the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage is more clearly understood, with reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing,
The utility model is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and its explanation are only used for explaining this
Utility model, it is not intended as to restriction of the present utility model.
Embodiment 1：
As shown in figure 1, the utility model includes the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife, including schlieren, knife edge device,
Camera 5, controller 7 and image-forming objective lens 11, the schlieren, knife edge device, image-forming objective lens 11 and camera 5 are sequentially arranged in one
On straight line, in addition to stepper motor 6, the knife edge device include edge of a knife motor 4, the edge of a knife 8, lead screw guide rails 9 and knife-edge supporter 10,
Right angle setting knife-edge supporter 10 in lead screw guide rails 9, the plan vertical of knife-edge supporter 10 install the edge of a knife 8 that can be rotated, and the edge of a knife 8 is also
Edge of a knife motor 4 is connected, edge of a knife motor 4 connects controller 7 simultaneously；The controller 7 connects stepping by drive and control of electric machine line
Motor 6, stepper motor 6 are also connected with lead screw guide rails 9, and controller 7 connects camera 5 by video cables.The controller of use is
The controller of STC51 series.
It is understood that deflection phenomenon can occur after inhomogeneous medium for light, in schlieren system the effect of edge of a knife part be exactly
Optical space filtering is carried out in the second lens focus position, when light is away from edge of a knife direction deviation, schlieren image can brighten, when
When light is towards edge of a knife direction deviation, the edge of a knife can stop the propagation of light, and schlieren image can be dimmed, therefore, in schlieren image
Bright-dark degree is corresponding with the deviation degree of light.And the regulation of edge of a knife part includes Level tune and vertical adjusting.The edge of a knife
Level tune be exactly the edge of a knife is placed on the focal position of the second lens, edge of a knife vertical adjusting include selection edge of a knife cut direction
With the amount of feeding of the regulation edge of a knife, the purpose of edge of a knife regulation is so that the schlieren information of image is obvious, improves the sensitive of schlieren system
Degree.At present, the method for edge of a knife Level tune is usually according to the general focus of focal length of lens rough estimate, so by experimenter
The edge of a knife is moved back and forth in the range of it afterwards, untill finding and making the more uniform position of schlieren image intensity value, such behaviour
" before burnt " and " defocused " phenomenon are will result in, the gray value of the schlieren image obtained is uneven, and the light of edge of a knife part
It is bad to learn space filtering effect, influences the quality of schlieren image and the sensitivity of schlieren system.Edge of a knife vertical adjusting includes selection
The amount of feeding of edge of a knife cut direction and the regulation edge of a knife.Because the effect of the edge of a knife is to block the light of different deviation degree, therefore the edge of a knife
Cut direction should be consistent with the refractive index gradient change direction of required observation；The sensitivity of the edge of a knife amount of feeding and schlieren system
It is that the edge of a knife amount of feeding is bigger with direct relation, the light kept off is more, the contrast increase of schlieren image, and schlieren system is sensitive
Degree is higher, and ideally the amount of feeding of the edge of a knife should be arranged to block the half of hot spot.
It follows that during the edge of a knife seeks Jiao, it is differentiated that the edge of a knife blocks in the front and back position of focus to light.Knife
If before mouthful being located at focus, because the edge of a knife is light tight object, it shelters from the light of the latter half of light, and allows top half
Light through going, therefore it is dark on being presented on imaging screen under bright image, image device uses camera, camera in itself into inverted image, therefore
For the edge of a knife before focus, bright lower dark situation can be presented in the image of capture；Conversely, when the edge of a knife is after focus, the figure of camera capture
As bright under presenting secretly.The image presented before focus, in focus and after focus has obvious difference, i.e., in camera lens effective district
Image gradually becomes uniform, last feature of image is bright dark under being, its image intensity value variance value changes by lower secretly upper bright in domain
It is descending, then become big again, in focal position, the variance yields of image intensity value is minimum.
Therefore in this programme, we gather edge of a knife image by camera, pass to controller, controller is first according to the edge of a knife
Image outline extracts, and obtains the effective coverage of schlieren image, then calculates the gray variance of effective coverage, the minimum image of variance
Corresponding knife-edge positions are exactly the focal position of the second lens.This programme sets special lead screw guide rails, knife-edge supporter, edge of a knife electricity
Machine and stepper motor, drive knife-edge supporter to move forward and backward by stepper motor, moved by edge of a knife motor driven edge of a knife cut direction
Dynamic, so as to drive the edge of a knife, with fixed stepping-in amount Δ x, the opposite direction propagated along light moves successively, often excessively fixed stepping-in amount
An image is captured after Δ x, effective schlieren region in image is extracted, calculates the variance of effective schlieren image-region, be designated as Si
(i=1,2,3,4...), contrast Si controls the movement of the edge of a knife with Si+1 sizes, if Si＞ Si+1, then continue with stepping-in amount Δ x
It is mobile, until there is Si≤Si+1Situation when, the edge of a knife retreats Δ x distances, and now the variance of image is minimum, i.e., the edge of a knife exists
Second lens focus position.This programme by adjusting the edge of a knife manually in the past in the position of focal plane, use instead using lead screw guide rails, screw mandrel and
The combined mode automatic tool preset mouth position of focal plane adjustment of stepper motor, realizes and accurately reasonably adjusts the edge of a knife residing for focal plane
Position.
The formula for asking for the effective district gray variance of image is as follows：
In formula：S is image variance；N is the picture point number chosen；Xi (i=1,2...n) is each pixel in effective district
The gray value of point；For the average value of the gray value of picture point in effective district.
And image effective district computational methods are for seeking burnt image, calculated using the gray-scale map of 8, with f (i, j)
Centered in " in-line " field, 2 adjacent pixels be present, be f (i-1, j) and f (i+1, j) respectively.Sought according to schlieren
Burnt characteristics of image, the profile of camera lens effective coverage is the larger point of the gray-value variation of every row pixel, in order to represent this
Grey scale change relation between neighbor pixel, defining point f (i, j) and its both sides neighbor pixel gray scale difference value are D respectivelyleft
And Dright, i.e.,:
Threshold value T0 is set, when the absolute value of Dleft and Dright difference is more than T0, records this intermediate point seat
Mark, after the pixel point analysis of all rows is completed, all coordinates are retained for every row pixel point analysis successively in this manner
Get off, these pixel coordinates just constitute camera lens effective district, the foundation that the effective district then calculates as variance.Gray scale side herein
Difference calculates and the calculating of image effective district is prior art, is not the protection point place of this patent.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is preferably as follows on the basis of embodiment 1：The LED light source 1, first that schlieren includes setting gradually is saturating
The lens 3 of mirror 2 and second, condenser is also set up between the lens 2 of LED light source 1 and first.
First lens 2 are cemented doublet.Cemented doublet is a kind of low scattered crown glass positive lens and high score
The achromatic lens that scattered flint glass negative lens bonding forms, is compared, the spherical aberration of achromatic doublet with single lens
Much smaller, transmission-type light path is more preferable.
First lens 2 and the second lens 3 are convex lens, what LED light source 1 was formed on the first lens 2 and the second lens 3
It is transmission-type light path, knife edge device is located on the axial line of the first lens 2 and the second lens 3.Knife edge device is conveniently adjusted
In the focus of two lens.
Camera 5 is CCD camera, the camera face edge of a knife 8.It is convenient that clearly image is gathered to the edge of a knife.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effect are entered
One step describes in detail, should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the present utility model, is not used to limit
Determine the scope of protection of the utility model, it is all within the spirit and principles of the utility model, any modification for being made, equally replace
Change, improve, should be included within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife, including schlieren, knife edge device, camera (5), controller (7) and imaging thing
Mirror (11), the schlieren, knife edge device, image-forming objective lens (11) and camera (5) are arranged in order point-blank, and its feature exists
In, in addition to stepper motor (6), the knife edge device include edge of a knife motor (4), the edge of a knife (8), lead screw guide rails (9) and edge of a knife branch
Seat (10), right angle setting knife-edge supporter (10) in lead screw guide rails (9), what the plan vertical installation of knife-edge supporter (10) can rotate
The edge of a knife (8), the edge of a knife (8) are also connected with edge of a knife motor (4), edge of a knife motor (4) while connect controller (7)；The controller (7) is logical
Cross drive and control of electric machine line connection stepper motor (6), stepper motor (6) is also connected with lead screw guide rails (9), controller (7) by regarding
Frequency cable connection camera (5).
2. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the schlieren include according to
LED light source (1), the first lens (2) and the second lens (3) of secondary setting, also set between LED light source (1) and the first lens (2)
Put condenser.
3. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first lens (2)
For cemented doublet.
4. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first lens (2)
It is convex lens with the second lens (3), what LED light source (1) was formed on the first lens (2) and the second lens (3) is transmission-type
Light path, knife edge device (4) are located on the axial line of the first lens (2) and the second lens (3).
5. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the camera (5) is CCD
Camera, the camera face edge of a knife (8).
6. the self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that the edge of a knife (8) is no
Printing opacity.
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| CN201720754508.XU CN206847555U (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | The self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife |
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| CN201720754508.XU CN206847555U (en) | 2017-06-26 | 2017-06-26 | The self-checking device of the schlieren edge of a knife |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108917943A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-30 | 岭南师范学院 | A kind of flame temperature field measurement device and method based on projection background stration technique |
| CN109100434A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-28 | 中山大学 | A kind of collapsible schlieren device and the gas temperature field visualization method based on it |
| CN109459214A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-12 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of focal length of convex lens measurement method and device |
| CN110186641A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of edge of a knife monitor control system and method facilitating the debugging of schlieren system optical path |
| CN112539915A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Dynamic display system and method for stress waves in underwater vehicle structure |
| CN112595497A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-04-02 | 南京臻恒光学仪器有限公司 | Machine vision-based digital knife edge instrument inspection method and system |
| CN117443858A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥国镜仪器科技有限公司 | Cleaning method and cleaning system for cold field electron source |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109100434A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-12-28 | 中山大学 | A kind of collapsible schlieren device and the gas temperature field visualization method based on it |
| CN108917943A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-30 | 岭南师范学院 | A kind of flame temperature field measurement device and method based on projection background stration technique |
| CN109459214A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-12 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A kind of focal length of convex lens measurement method and device |
| CN110186641A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-08-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | A kind of edge of a knife monitor control system and method facilitating the debugging of schlieren system optical path |
| CN110186641B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2024-05-10 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Knife edge monitoring control system and method convenient for schlieren system light path debugging |
| CN112539915A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-23 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Dynamic display system and method for stress waves in underwater vehicle structure |
| CN112539915B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2023-03-07 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Dynamic display system and method for stress waves in underwater vehicle structure |
| CN112595497A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-04-02 | 南京臻恒光学仪器有限公司 | Machine vision-based digital knife edge instrument inspection method and system |
| CN117443858A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥国镜仪器科技有限公司 | Cleaning method and cleaning system for cold field electron source |
| CN117443858B (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-05 | 合肥国镜仪器科技有限公司 | Cleaning method and cleaning system for cold field electron source |
| CN117928885A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-04-26 | 中国测试技术研究院 | Method for measuring density of flow field to be measured by multi-reflection lens schlieren automatic calibration |
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