CN206820489U - Series battery intelligent equalization charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging device; including Power Entry Module, charge control and detection protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module, CPU module; charge power supply automatically provides charging current with detection protection module by charge control through Power Entry Module, in the case where CPU module controls for battery pack to be charged, and CPU module and equalizaing charge detect control module and realize that the intelligent equalization for treating rechargeable battery set charges by detecting each monomer battery voltage of battery pack to be charged in real time.The beneficial effect of this patent is to use tandem type equalizaing charge and CPU module intelligent control, time for balance can effectively be shortened, the adaptation any number of cells of variety classes form battery pack, alleviate cell caused inconsistency during manufacture and use, improve the overall performance of series battery and the security reliability of charging.

Description

Series battery intelligent equalization charging device

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the charging equipment of series battery, especially a kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging dress Put.

Background technology

With the fast development of New Energy Industry, either new-energy automobile or extensive stored energy application, it is required to big Amount cell is used in series, but because the inconsistency for cell of connecting has had a strong impact on effective appearance of power battery pack Amount, cycle life, security and economy, power pond group is set to be difficult to reach such requirement.The uniformity of cell determines The performance of series battery, life-span and security, as long as there is the degradation of a cell, whole series battery Performance all will be deteriorated.Common situations have：（1）Wherein have that the capacity of a cell is relatively low, this list when result is charging Body battery reaches charging upper limit blanking voltage first, and reaches electric discharge low cutoff voltage when discharging first, then this monomer The capacity of battery determines the capacity of whole series battery；（2）If original state has the low voltage of a cell, fill This cell does not reach blanking voltage and can not be full of when electric, and this cell arrives first at electric discharge cut-off during electric discharge, The cell do not have it is fully charged and in advance electricity is discharged, the actually available electricity of series battery by this cell capacity Determine；（3）If the polarization impedance of cell and internal resistance are higher, voltage declines when voltage rises fast, electric discharge during charging Also it is fast, it is exactly the off-capacity of this cell from the point of view of the performance that certain is once tested, load capacity declines, during discharge and recharge Temperature drift.

The uniformity that cell is improved in battery manufacturing process also has sizable difficulty and needs larger input and incite somebody to action Increasing substantially the manufacturing expense of battery causes battery price high and is unfavorable for the fast development of related industry.Current battery manufactures Business or battery combination factory carry out battery matching to improve battery with two side terminals using strict screening technique.Even if it is strict Battery after matching, after the initial stage of circulation or multiple circulation, visible difference will be shown, therefore use battery matching Validity is unsatisfactory；The condition of work and environment of battery can also have an impact to uniformity, with the increasing of circulating battery number Adding its consistency to change degree has undetectability.Therefore, the uniformity of cell is relative to overemphasize manufacture again During uniformity or use during environment uniformity, can only be to improve dynamical system cost as cost.

How to ensure that safe efficient groups of use of electrokinetic cell turns into current urgent problem to be solved.Except in battery Made an effort in terms of the uniformity of itself outer, one of key technology that cell balancing is applied in groups as electrokinetic cell can Effectively caused inconsistency during alleviation manufacturing process and use, improve the overall performance of battery pack.Balanced skill in principle Art can not only solve the problems, such as battery consistency, and can make the longevity of that cell that performance is worst in series battery Life is extended, while the improvement of battery performance will also make it that battery security is improved, because after deterioration of cell properties, peace Full property also decreases.Equalizing circuit for series battery mainly has two classes：First, energy expenditure type, refers to and utilizes electricity in parallel The modes such as resistance are dissipated the energy of the more battery of electricity in battery pack, until its state-of-charge reaches the equilibrium of average value Circuit；Second, non-energy expenditure type（Energy transfer）, i.e., using energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as electric capacity, inductance in cell or battery pack Between carry out energy transfer, the equalizing circuit for being consistent battery voltage.

For energy expenditure type equalization scheme using power resistor as vent diverter, its is simple in construction, cost is low, improves string Join the disequilibrium of battery pack, but observable index is higher, wastes electric energy so that capacity usage ratio is low, and temperature rise reduces charging The reliability of equipment；In addition because the shunting of resistance so that constant current charging method can not be carried out, can only in the charging circuit of battery Pass through less electric current so that the efficiency of charging substantially reduces.Energy transfer directed energy converter is in monitoring cell On the basis of voltage, the conversion of transformer both ends energy, but unidirectional balanced unsuitable active equalization are controlled using photo-coupler.Energy Measure transfevent two-way type energy converter and energy conversion to low pressure monomer, dynamic are directly adjusted input and output side from high pressure monomer To, there is optimal equalization efficiency, but because energy converter uses transformer, it is complicated, volume is larger, cost relatively It is high.Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a kind of efficient, easy, intelligent charging equipment suitable for series battery equalizaing charge 's.

The content of the invention

It is insufficient existing for consistency problem and corresponding charging device for current series battery itself, the utility model Disclose a kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging device.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is：A kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging device, including power supply are defeated Enter module, charge control and detection protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module, CPU module, charge power supply is through power input Module, charging current is automatically provided for battery pack to be charged with detection protection module by charge control in the case where CPU module controls, CPU module and equalizaing charge detection control module are realized by detecting each monomer battery voltage of battery pack to be charged in real time Treat the intelligent equalization charging of rechargeable battery set.

In the utility model, Power Entry Module includes the access electric power polarity that resistance R7, R8 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 are formed and sentenced Deenergizing, bypass filter capacitor C2, C3, C4 disturbed for reducing the noise on access power supply charging device, for reducing Charging device produces decoupling filter capacitor C1, resistance R9 ~ R13, electric capacity C10 and amplifier IC1A group of the noise to external power supply disturbance Into access voltage detection circuit and ADin0 is exported to CPU module, resistance R1 ~ R6, electric capacity C6 ~ C9, diode D1, inductance L1 forms a voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit to export the vdd voltage of subsequent logic control circuit with IC 2.

In the utility model, charge control includes by metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 ~ VT3, diode D2 ~ D3, electricity with detection protection module R27 ~ R30, electric capacity C11 ~ C12 and inductance L2 compositions Buck-Boost main circuits are hindered, by triode pipe VT5 ~ VT11, resistance R14 ~ R26, amplifier IC1C and IC1D compositions Buck-Boost control circuits, by resistance R31 ~ R33, electric capacity C13 ~ C14 and fortune Put the charging voltage detection circuit of IC3C compositions, the charging electricity being made up of resistance R42 ~ R47, electric capacity C19 ~ C20 and amplifier IC3A Current detection circuit, the electricity being made up of resistance R34 ~ R41, electric capacity C15 ~ C18, triode pipe VT12, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 and amplifier IC3D Pond group access detection and protection circuit；Buck-Boost control circuits are in CPU module output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZXH1 Control under by Buck-Boost main circuits be that battery pack to be charged automatically provides charging current, and electricity is detected by charging voltage Road, charging current detecting circuit feed back charging voltage signal Adin1, charging current signal Adin2, battery to CPU module in real time Group charge circuit is only turned on and can controlled by CPU module control signal KZXH2 when battery pack to be charged accesses and polarity is correct It is turned on and shut-off.

In the utility model, described equalizaing charge detection control module is included by resistance R48 ~ R67, electric capacity C21 ~ C24 The four-way cell terminal voltage detecting circuit formed with amplifier IC4, by resistance R68 ~ R75, metal-oxide-semiconductor VTA1 ~ 4 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VTB1 ~ 4, electric capacity C25 composition monomer battery voltage equilibrium switching circuit, by resistance R76 ~ R83, photoelectric isolated driver IC5 ~ The balanced control switching circuit that IC6 forms with decoder IC7；Each equalizaing charge detection control module can realize 4 monomer electricity The electric voltage equalization in pond, multiple equalizaing charges can be cascaded to realize the application of more cells between detecting control modules；It is balanced Charge power supply positive pole PWRin+, logic circuit operating voltage VDD, reference ground GND and the power input of charging detection control module Module connects, and 4 cell connection terminals BAT0, BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4 are connected to each monomer electricity of pond group to be charged The end points in pond, both ends detection voltage BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 of 4 cells are connected to CPU module A/D converter input, 3 balanced switch-over control signal KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected to the logic output terminal of CPU module；Level During connection, the charge power supply positive pole PWRin+ of each equalizaing charge detection control module, logic circuit operating voltage VDD, reference ground GND is in parallel, and the cell connection terminal BAT0 of the latter circuit is in parallel with the cell connection terminal BAT4 of previous circuit, Ge Gejun Detect voltage BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 and 3 in the both ends of 4 cells of weighing apparatus charging detection control module Balanced switch-over control signal KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected respectively to the A/D converter input and logic output terminal of CPU module； Equalizaing charge detect control module by detect in real time multiple cell both end voltage BATin0 of battery pack to be charged~ BATinnThe A/D converter input of CPU module is connected to, CPU module carries out intelligence according to the real-time terminal voltage of each cell Energy decision-making simultaneously exports multiple control code KZM0~KZM through logic output terminalkControl equalizaing charge detection control module work with Realize the intelligent equalization charging for treating rechargeable battery set.

In the utility model, CPU module includes CPU, clock and reset circuit, adc circuit, output latch circuit, PWM electricity Road, LCD or LED display circuit, key circuit, adc circuit gather under the control of cpu charge control with detection protection module, Equalizaing charge detect control module detection signal, by after CPU intelligent decisions through output latch circuit, pwm circuit output control Signal detects control module to realize the intellectuality of whole charging process to charge control and detection protection module, equalizaing charge, Clock and reset circuit are used to provide clock source and reset signal to CPU, LCD or LED display circuit be used to showing charged state, Parameter or curve, key circuit are used for the parameter for setting, consulting or changing pond group to be charged.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Using tandem type equalizaing charge and CPU module intelligent control, can effectively contract Short time for balance, the adaptation any number of cells of variety classes form battery pack, alleviate cell and are manufacturing and using During caused inconsistency, improve series battery overall performance and charging security reliability.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model Power Entry Module embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model charge control and detection protection module embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model equalizaing charge detection control module embodiment；

Fig. 5 is the cascade schematic diagram of the utility model equalizaing charge detection control module；

Fig. 6 is the CPU module structured flowchart of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 7 is the charging current voltage curve of the utility model embodiment.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out Clearly and completely describing, it is clear that described embodiment is only the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

Referring to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is structured flowchart of the present utility model.A kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging device, it By Power Entry Module, charge control and four detection protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module, CPU module part groups Into.Positive pole PWRin+, the negative pole PWRin- of charge power supply are respectively connected to Power Entry Module, are realized and accessed by Power Entry Module Electric power polarity judged, bypass and decoupling filtering, access supply voltage detection output ADin0, voltage stabilizing output VDD are for subsequently patrolling Collect control circuit；The working power of charge control and detection protection module, logic power, reference ground are respectively by Power Entry Module PWRin+, VDD, GND connection, to wait to fill under CPU module output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZXH1, KZXH2 control Electric battery pack automatically provides charging current（Electric current flows to BATT- by BATT+）And feed back charging voltage to CPU module（It is similar to Cell voltage）Signal Adin1, charging current signal Adin2；Equalizaing charge detects control module by detecting electricity to be charged in real time Each cell BAT0, BAT1 of pond group, BAT2 ..., BATnBoth end voltage it is conditioned BATin0, BATin1, BATin2、……、BATinnCPU module is connected to, CPU module carries out intelligent decision according to the real-time terminal voltage of each cell And output control code KZM0 ~ KZMkThe intelligence of rechargeable battery set is treated in the work of control equalizaing charge detection control module to realize Equalizaing charge.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model Power Entry Module embodiment.Power Entry Module include resistance R7, R8 with The access electric power polarity decision circuitry of metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 compositions, the side disturbed for reducing the noise on access power supply charging device Road filter capacitor C2, C3, C4, decoupling filter capacitor C1 of the noise to external power supply disturbance, electricity are produced for reducing charging device Resistance R9 ~ R13, electric capacity C10 and amplifier IC1A compositions access voltage detection circuit simultaneously export ADin0 to CPU module, resistance R1 It is follow-up to export that ~ R6, electric capacity C6 ~ C9, diode D1, inductance L1 and IC 2 form a voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit The vdd voltage of logic control circuit.In Fig. 2, charge power supply is accessed by plug connector PWRin, and bypass filter capacitor C2, C3, C4 are used In reducing interference of the noise on access power supply to charging device in itself, decoupling filter capacitor C1 is used to reduce charging device generation Interference of the noise to external power supply.Resistance R7, R8 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 composition ideal diode circuits, are connected to charging device In earth loop, to prevent charge power supply reversal connection；When plant-grid connection is correct, there are voltage, metal-oxide-semiconductor between the grid source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor It can turn on；No-voltage and it can not be turned on when plant-grid connection is reverse, between the grid source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, charging device does not just work. Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 is n channel enhancement type field effect transistor, should be selected according to the charging voltage of series battery with electric current, this implementation If charging current is 2 ~ 3A in example, optional model has：AO4468、AO4422、BS0119N03、APM4810、P1103BVG、 TM4422 etc.；By taking AO4468 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=30V、I_D=11.6A(V_GS=10V)、R_DS(ON)<14m Ω(V_GS=10V)、R_DS(ON)<22mΩ(V_GS=4.5V)；In Fig. 2, if R7=4.7K Ω, R8=200K Ω, PWRin+ and PWRin- it Between voltage Vin=+ 15V when, V_GS=15*200/204.7 V≈14.7 V；The advantages of circuitry instead diode is that loss is small, Because diode has individual forward voltage drop 0.7V, and metal-oxide-semiconductor, in resistive, in general can accomplish 10-30 milliohms, if pressed Calculated according to 2A charging currents, diode consumption 1.4W, and the maximum only 0.06W of metal-oxide-semiconductor.Resistance R9 ~ R13, electric capacity C10 and amplifier IC1A compositions access voltage detection circuit simultaneously exports ADin0 to CPU module, wherein resistance R13 and electric capacity C10 compositions one Low pass filter is used to filter out the High-frequency Interference on signal ADin0, and resistance R9 ~ R12 and amplifier IC1A forms one with mutually amplification Device is used to detect access supply voltage.Resistance R9 ~ R12 span should turn according to access voltage Vin and the A/D of CPU module Parallel operation input voltage range comprehensive selection, if take R9=R11=680K Ω, R10=R12=130K Ω, Vin=+ 15V, amplifier IC1A output V_ADin0=15*130/810（1+130/680）V≈2.86 V；The LPF of resistance R9 and electric capacity C10 compositions Device, if taking R13=4.7K Ω, C10=1uF, its cut-off frequency=Hz of 1/2 π * 4.7K*1u ≈ 33.86.Resistance R1 ~ R6, electric capacity C6 ~ C9, diode D1, inductance L1 and IC 2 form a voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit to export subsequent logic control The vdd voltage of circuit, the IC2 in Fig. 2 are the buck converter MP1584 of U.S. core source semiconductor production, and this partial circuit can be adopted Realized with other types of DC/DC converters, simply enter output and meet application requirement.MP1584 core is that buck turns Change, input voltage range is that D1, L1, C9 constitute typical buck loops in 4.5-28V output maximum currents 3A, Fig. 2, and D1 is Schottky diode SS34, R1=100K Ω, R2=51K Ω are used to enable MP1584 from Vin, and R3=200K Ω are used to adjust The PWM frequency in whole buck loops；VDD=3.3V in the present embodiment, take R4=68.1K Ω, R5=124K Ω, R6=40.2K Ω, C7 =220pF、L1=6.8uH、C9=22uF。

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model charge control and detection protection module embodiment.Charge control is protected with detection Shield module includes being made up of metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 ~ VT3, diode D2 ~ D3, resistance R27 ~ R30, electric capacity C11 ~ C12 and inductance L2 Buck-Boost main circuits, the Buck- being made up of triode pipe VT5 ~ VT11, resistance R14 ~ R26, amplifier IC1C and IC1D Boost control circuits, the charging voltage being made up of resistance R31 ~ R33, electric capacity C13 ~ C14 and amplifier IC3C detects circuit, by electricity Hinder R42 ~ R47, the charging current detecting circuit of electric capacity C19 ~ C20 and amplifier IC3A composition, by resistance R34 ~ R41, electric capacity C15 ~ C18, triode pipe VT12, the battery pack access detection of metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 and amplifier IC3D compositions and protection circuit；Buck-Boost Control circuit is to treat by Buck-Boost main circuits under CPU module output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZXH1 control Rechargeable battery set automatically provides charging current, and from charging voltage detection circuit, charging current detecting circuit in real time to CPU module Feed back charging voltage signal Adin1, charging current signal Adin2, battery pack charge circuit only access in battery pack to be charged and Turned on when polarity is correct and its conducting and shut-off can be controlled by CPU module control signal KZXH2.DC/DC for charging is changed Device mainly has six kinds, i.e. buck（Buck）DC/DC converters, boost type（Boost）DC/DC converters, voltage raising and reducing formula （Buck Boost）DC/DC converters, Cuk DC/DC converters, Zeta DC/DC converters and SEPIC DC/DC converters； Wherein, Buck and Boost formulas DC/DC converters are basic Buck-Boost, Cuk, Zeta, SEPIC formula DC/DC converters Therefrom derive from.Working power, logic power, the reference ground point of charge control and detection protection module in the present embodiment Not by Power Entry Module PWRin+, VDD, GND connect, charging main circuit use by metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 ~ VT3, diode D2 ~ D3, resistance R27 ~ R30, the Buck-Boost circuits of electric capacity C11 ~ C12 and inductance L2 composition, its control by triode pipe VT5 ~ VT11, resistance R14 ~ R26, the control circuit of amplifier IC1C and IC1D compositions are realized.When upper electric, before CPU does not also have normal work, VT5 and VT7 is turned on by pull-up resistor R14, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2, VT3 are in off state, to ensure circuit safety；CPU is normal After work, output control signal KZXH1=0 makes circuit enter working condition；In charging process, such as occur overvoltage, excessively stream or its During its phenomenon of the failure, exportable control signal KZXH1=1 shut-off metal-oxide-semiconductors VT2, the VT3 of CPU module.In charging process, if inspection Measure charging current and exceed setting range, then make metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 shut-offs stop filling by resistance R22 ~ R23, triode pipe VT6 Electricity, to ensure the safety of circuit and battery.Buck is used when the voltage of rechargeable battery is less than supply voltage（Buck）Charging, Boost type is used when the voltage of rechargeable battery is more than supply voltage（Boost）Charging, to ensure that the voltage actually to charge is higher than Cell voltage to be charged.When working in Buck modes, amplifier IC1C receives the PWM1 signals control of CPU module output, and it exports logical Triode pipe VT8 and VT9, resistance R25 and R27 driving metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 work are crossed, charge power supply PWRin+ is defeated by VT2-L2-D3 Go out, D2 afterflows when VT2 is turned off；Now the PWM2 signals of the CPU module output of amplifier IC1D in-phase ends remain low level, make Boost circuit part is stopped；Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 is P-channel enhancement type field-effect transistor, should filling according to series battery Piezoelectric voltage selects with electric current, there is optional model in the present embodiment：AO4409、AO4467、TPC8107、TPC8108、P1003EVG Deng；By taking AO4409 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=-30V、I_D=-15A、R_DS(ON)<7.5mΩ(V_GS=-10V)、 R_DS(ON)<12mΩ(V_GS=-4.5V).When working in Boost modes, amplifier IC1D receives the PWM2 signal controls of CPU module output System, it is exported drives metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 to work by triode pipe VT10 and VT11, resistance R26 and R28, and charge power supply PWRin+ leads to VT2-L2- VT3-D3 outputs are crossed, VT3 boosts when turning off, and now the PWM1 signals of amplifier IC1C CPU module output remain High level is so that metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 is in the conduction state；Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 is n channel enhancement type field effect transistor, should be according to series electrical The charging voltage of pond group selects with electric current, there is optional model in the present embodiment：IRF7413、AO4410、FSD6670、FDS6680、 P0803BVG etc.；By taking IRF7413 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=30V、I_D=12A、R_DS(ON)<11mΩ(V_GS= 10V).Diode D2 ~ D3 should select Schottky（Schottky）Diode, also known as Schottky-barrier diode（Abbreviation SBD）, Such as：SS34, it belongs to a kind of low-power consumption, ultra-speed semiconductor device；Most significant feature is that reverse recovery time is extremely short（Can be with small To several nanoseconds）, forward conduction voltage drop only 0.4V or so；It is more as high frequency, low pressure, high current commutation diode, the pole of afterflow two Pipe, protection diode.Inductance L2 can not with magnet too small (due energy can not be deposited), line footpath it is too thin (pulse current is big, It is big to have line loss) inductance.No matter charging circuit of the present utility model works in Buck modes or Boost modes, it charged Cheng Shizhi is exactly the energy transfer process of an inductance, and inductance L2 first absorbs energy, and energy is released followed by inductance L2, if Electric capacity C12 capacity is sufficiently large, then maintains a stable voltage in output end can；If this process is constantly heavy It is multiple, it is possible in the charging voltage that electric capacity both ends are stablized.To improve the conversion efficiency of the utility model charging device, typically To set about in terms of three：（1）The impedance in loop, makes electric energy is as much as possible to be converted into magnetic when reducing switching tube conducting as far as possible Energy；（2）The impedance of load circuit is reduced as far as possible, makes magnetic energy is as much as possible to be converted into electric energy, the loss of coincidence circuit is minimum； （3）The consumption of control circuit is reduced as far as possible, because for charging device, the consumption of control circuit is wave in some sense What expense was fallen, it is impossible to the energy being converted into battery pack.Because the utility model charging device works on off state, and PWM is controlled The switching frequency of system is higher, inevitably on electric capacity C12 formed high frequency ripple interference, introduced for this resistance R29 ~ The ripple absorbing circuit of R30, electric capacity C11 composition.CPU module is the electric current and voltage by detecting charging in real time, controls PWM's Output, automatically adjust realizing charging process；Include in the utility model charging device by resistance R31 ~ R33, electric capacity C13 The charging voltage detection circuit of ~ C14 and amplifier IC3C compositions, is made up of resistance R42 ~ R47, electric capacity C19 ~ C20 and amplifier IC3A Charging current detecting circuit；The principle base of voltage detection circuit is accessed in the principle and Fig. 2 of charging voltage detection circuit This is consistent, and in charging current detecting circuit, resistance R42, electric capacity C19 and resistance R45, electric capacity C20 separately constitute two low pass filtereds Ripple device is filtered to input, output signal, and R46, R47 are two 0.1 Ω sampling resistor in parallel, take R43=1.5K Ω, R44=10K Ω, amplifier IC3A multiplication factor are 1+10/1.5=7.7 times, if maximum current 6A, maximum output voltage are 0.05*6*7.7=2.3V.It is made up of resistance R34 ~ R41, electric capacity C15 ~ C18, triode pipe VT12, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 and amplifier IC3D Battery pack access detection and protection circuit；Electric capacity C15 ~ C18 is connected to group both ends in pond to be charged and forms a π type filter network For filtering out battery pack both ends in the ripple interference charged with formed in balancing procedure；Resistance R34 ~ R38 and amplifier IC3D is formed The access of one comparison circuit detection battery pack and polarity, make when thering is battery pack to access and polarity is correct metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 turn on into Enter normal charging condition, when being accessed without battery pack or accessing incorrect polarity, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 shut-off charge circuits；When upper electric, Before CPU does not also have normal work, turn on VT12 by pull-up resistor R40, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 is off state, to ensure circuit and electricity Pond group safety；After CPU normal works, output control signal KZXH2=0 makes circuit enter charging working condition；In charging process, When such as there is overvoltage, excessively stream or other phenomena of the failure, the exportable control signal KZXH2=1 shut-offs charge circuit of CPU module.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model equalizaing charge detection control module embodiment, and Fig. 5 is the utility model equilibrium The cascade schematic diagram of charging detection control module.Equalizaing charge detection control module include by resistance R48 ~ R67, electric capacity C21 ~ The four-way cell terminal voltage detecting circuit of C24 and amplifier IC4 composition, by the He of resistance R68 ~ R75, metal-oxide-semiconductor VTA1 ~ 4 VTB1 ~ 4, electric capacity C25 composition monomer battery voltage equilibrium switching circuit, by resistance R76 ~ R83, photoelectric isolated driver IC5 ~ The balanced control switching circuit that IC6 forms with decoder IC7；Each equalizaing charge detection control module can realize 4 monomer electricity The electric voltage equalization in pond, multiple equalizaing charges can be cascaded to realize the application of more cells between detecting control modules；It is balanced PWRin+, VDD, GND and Power Entry Module of charging detection control module are connected, and BAT0, BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4 connect Be connected to the end points of group each cell in pond to be charged, cell terminal voltage detecting output BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 is connected to the A/D converter input of CPU module, and balanced switch-over control signal KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected to CPU moulds The logic output terminal of block；During cascade, PWRin+, VDD, GND of each equalizaing charge detection control module are in parallel, the latter circuit BAT0 it is in parallel with the BAT4 of previous circuit, BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4, KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 connect respectively It is connected to CPU module；It is electric by each cell both ends for detecting battery pack to be charged in real time that equalizaing charge detects control module Press conditioned BATin0~BATinnCPU module is connected to, CPU module carries out intelligence according to the real-time terminal voltage of each cell Can decision-making and output control code KZM0~KZMkThe work of control equalizaing charge detection control module treats rechargeable battery to realize The intelligent equalization charging of group.When more piece cell is used in series, occur what is be first full of because battery behavior is different, during charging Situation, if damage can be had again to battery by filling, it is therefore desirable to it will be filled with volume battery and stop charging, underfill continues to charge, this It is exactly equalizaing charge.The balanced first purpose is to extend battery life to reduce its use cost, and nondissipative equalization mode will be Future thrust, it is crucial to shorten balanced required time as far as possible；Condenser type wherein using electric capacity as energy-storage travelling wave tube is equal Weighing apparatus circuit has the low advantage of low cost, small volume, energy loss.By resistance R48 ~ R67, electric capacity C21 ~ C24 and amplifier IC4 groups Into four-way cell terminal voltage detecting circuit, the Cleaning Principle of each passage is consistent, and its essence is a subtraction Circuit, by taking the first passage detection circuit of resistance R48 ~ R52, electric capacity C21 and amplifier IC4A compositions as an example：If the end of cell Voltage V_BAT+-V_BAT-=4.2V, R48=R51=510K Ω, R49=R52=270K Ω are taken, then V_BATin1= R49/ R48*( V_BAT+-V_BAT-)=2.224V, meeting the input requirements of A/D converter, resistance R50 and electric capacity C21 forms a low pass filter, For filtering out the High-frequency Interference composition in circuit；In the circuit, amplifier IC4 selects operating voltage to meet desired General operational amplifier, electricity The less metalfilmresistor of temperature drift is selected in resistance, and electric capacity selects the preferable ceramic disc capacitor of high frequency characteristics.In resistance R68 ~ R75, metal-oxide-semiconductor VTA1 ~ 4 and VTB1 ~ 4, electric capacity C25 compositions monomer battery voltage equilibrium switching circuit in, drain electrode is connected to 4 of electric capacity C25 anodes Metal-oxide-semiconductor VTB1 ~ VTB4 source electrode is connected respectively the hot end to 4 cells, and drain electrode is connected to electric capacity C25 negative terminals 4 metal-oxide-semiconductor VTA1 ~ VTA4 source electrode be connected respectively the cold end to 4 cells, as long as hot end and low The control code of potential end metal-oxide-semiconductor is identical and only a metal-oxide-semiconductor turns on every time, then can ensure selection conducting every time is all a list Two ends of body battery；Electric capacity C25 and metal-oxide-semiconductor selection are related to switching frequency, and switching frequency is higher, capacitance is smaller, metal-oxide-semiconductor Conducting electric current is smaller, and in the present embodiment, tantalum electric capacity, metal-oxide-semiconductor that electric capacity C25 is 100uF are all IRF7314 in addition to VTA1, IRF7314 encapsulates two P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) transistors, design parameter V using SO8_DS=-20V、I_D=-5.3A、R_DS(ON)<0.049 Ω(V_GS=-4.5V)、R_DS(ON)<0.082Ω(V_GS=-2.7V), VTA1 is N-channel field-effect transistor, select basic parameter with IRF7314 is similar.To make balanced electric capacity C25 be two with a cell every time during charge or discharge Individual end connection, the control to metal-oxide-semiconductor uses to be made up of resistance R76 ~ R83, photoelectric isolated driver IC5 ~ IC6 and decoder IC7 Balanced control switching circuit；IC5, IC6 are four-way photoisolator, with input diode side anode current-limiting resistance R76 ~ R83 and output triode side colelctor electrode pull-up resistor R68 ~ R75 forms the drive circuit of 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors together, when two Light emitting diodes When cathodic control level in side is " 1 ", diode does not light, and phototriode is in open-circuit condition, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is through pull-up Height is off metal-oxide-semiconductor, when LED side cathodic control level is " 0 ", LED lighting, and phototriode In the conduction state, the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor makes metal-oxide-semiconductor in the conduction state to be low；Decoder IC7 is single by two 2 lines → 4 line decodings Member composition, decoding output are connected respectively to the negative electrode of control LED side corresponding to 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors, and decoder is believed by control Number KZM2 is enabled, and when KZM2=" 1 ", 2*4 decoding output signal is " 1 ", when KZM2=" 0 ", two decoding units Output signal determined by the level of control code KZM1, KZM0, during [KZM1, KZM0]=00, output [Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]= 1110, during [KZM1, KZM0]=01, export [Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=1101, during [KZM1, KZM0]=10, output [Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=1011, during [KZM1, KZM0]=11, [Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=0111 is exported, so ensures that the balanced electricity of switching every time Holding C25 is connected with two ends of a cell.PWRin+, VDD, GND and electricity of equalizaing charge detection control module Source input module connection, BAT0, BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4 are connected to the end points of group each cell in pond to be charged, monomer Battery terminal voltage detection output BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 are connected to the A/D converter input of CPU module, Weighing apparatus switch-over control signal KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected to the logic output terminal of CPU module.To ensure the rapidity of equalizaing charge, Each equalizaing charge detection control module of the present embodiment only realizes the electric voltage equalization of 4 cells, but multiple equalizaing charges Use can be cascaded between detection control module, to meet that more cells form the application of battery pack.Such as the institute of accompanying drawing 5 Show, during cascade, PWRin+, VDD, GND of each equalizaing charge detection control module are in parallel, the BAT0 of the latter circuit with it is previous The BAT4 of individual circuit is in parallel, and BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4, KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected respectively to CPU module. So, the utility model can any number of cells form the charging of battery pack, in charging process, equalizaing charge detection control Molding block obtains BATin0~BATin by the way that each cell both end voltage for detecting battery pack to be charged in real time is conditionednEven Be connected to CPU module, CPU module according to the real-time terminal voltage of each cell carry out intelligent decision and output control code KZM0~ KZMkThe intelligent equalization charging of rechargeable battery set is treated in the work of control equalizaing charge detection control module to realize.

Fig. 6 is the CPU module structured flowchart of the utility model embodiment, and Fig. 7 is the charging electricity of the utility model embodiment Flow voltage curve.CPU module include CPU, clock and reset circuit, adc circuit, output latch circuit, pwm circuit, LCD or LED display circuit, key circuit.Wherein, clock is used to provide clock source and reset signal to CPU with reset circuit, makes on CPU Normal operating conditions can be entered after electricity.Conventional battery species has lead-acid accumulator, cadmium-nickel accumulator, iron-nickel storage battery, gold Belong to oxide battery, zinc-silver storage battery, zinc-nickel storage battery, hydrogen-nickel battery, lithium-ions battery etc.；Therefore, this practicality is new The CPU module of type is provided with LCD or LED display circuit, key circuit, LCD or LED display circuit be used to showing charged state, Parameter or curve, key circuit are used for the parameter for setting, consulting or changing pond group to be charged, the utility model is passed through change Parameter setting come adapt to the equalizaing charge of variety classes battery and can Real Time Observation charging carry out state.The present embodiment is with nominal 3.7V lithium battery introduces charging method, and the final voltage of nominal 3.7V lithium batteries can reach 4.2V, due to lithium battery Internal structure determines that it has special property, therefore lithium battery can not overcharge；If overcharged to lithium battery, electricity Pond will lose too many and damage because of Li+, and lithium battery must be charged by specific constant-current constant-voltage charging equipment for battery ；Constant-current charge is carried out to lithium battery first, when battery global voltage reaches 4.2V, keeps pressure constant state to continue to charge, During constant-voltage charge, if electric current is less than 100mA, it is necessary to stop immediately；The electric current of charging is the 1.0~1.5 of battery capacity Times, such as the theoretical capacity of lithium battery is 1470mAh, then its charging current just should be between 1470~2205mA, if adopting 2~3 hours of charging are then needed as charging current by the use of 1.5 times of lithium battery capacity.Normal charge method has：Constant-voltage charge, perseverance Current charge and the constant current/constant voltage sublevel segmentation charging improved herein on basis, the utility model use mixing constant current/ The mise-a-la-masse method of constant pressure.The charging process of mixing constant current/constant voltage mise-a-la-masse method is that segmentation is carried out, in order to save the entirety of charging process Time, first using constant current；After cell voltage rises to respective threshold, using the constant voltage of threshold size；At any time Between increase charging current will slowly diminish, when being reduced to the 1/10 or 1/20 of battery capacity, charging process terminates；Namely Say, when charging current value is less than the 1/10 of battery capacity, the capacity of battery recovery 90% or so；In Remaining Stages, battery capacity is simultaneously There is no significant change, but required time dramatically increases, voltage, current curve be as shown in Figure 7 in charging process；This charging Method can make up lithium battery because of the unappeasable part of constant-current secondary charging institute, be one of optimal charge method of lithium battery； In order to reduce the infringement overcharged to battery, the charging method of multi-stage constant current can be also used if necessary；Set in different phase different Magnitude of voltage so that electric current successively decreases lasting charging step by step, when voltage reaches predetermined value, is filled using the constant current being gradually reduced Electricity；When voltage rises to next predetermined value, continue to reduce electric current；The rest may be inferred, to end, electric current since charging process The increase of voltage while reduction；Although this method can reduce overcharge on battery in itself caused by influence, the charging interval Phenomena such as longer, electric current is easily undergone mutation；Should be depending on different types of battery and parameter during selection.It is of the present utility model Adc circuit gathers detection of the charge control with detecting protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module under the control of cpu to be believed Number, intelligent decision is carried out according to battery characteristics and parameter by CPU, then through output latch circuit, pwm circuit output control signal Control module is detected to realize the intellectuality of whole charging process to charge control and detection protection module, equalizaing charge.This reality With any one in the embedded microprocessor such as the new optional single-chip microcomputers of CPU, DSP, ARM, FPGA, when being preferably internally integrated Clock meets the embedded microprocessor of application requirement with reset, ADC, PWM and I/O mouth line, can make CPU module of the present utility model Structure simplification is to improve system reliability.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Using tandem type equalizaing charge and CPU module intelligent control, can effectively contract Short time for balance, the adaptation any number of cells of variety classes form battery pack, alleviate cell and are manufacturing and using During caused inconsistency, improve series battery overall performance and charging security reliability.

It the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model and oneself, it is all at this not to limit the utility model Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the utility model should be included in Protection domain within.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of series battery intelligent equalization charging device, it is characterized in that：Including Power Entry Module, charge control and detection Protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module, CPU module, charge power supply through Power Entry Module, CPU module control under By charge control charging current, CPU module and equalizaing charge detection are automatically provided with detection protection module for battery pack to be charged Control module treats the intelligence of rechargeable battery set by detecting each monomer battery voltage of battery pack to be charged in real time to realize Equalizaing charge.

2. series battery intelligent equalization charging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described power input mould Block includes the access electric power polarity decision circuitry that resistance R7, R8 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 are formed, for reducing the noise on access power supply To bypass filter capacitor C2, C3, C4 of charging device interference, noise is produced to external power supply disturbance for reducing charging device Decoupling filter capacitor C1, resistance R9 ~ R13, electric capacity C10 and amplifier IC1A compositions access voltage detection circuit simultaneously export ADin0 forms a voltage-dropping type to CPU module, resistance R1 ~ R6, electric capacity C6 ~ C9, diode D1, inductance L1 and IC 2 Mu balanced circuit is exporting the vdd voltage of subsequent logic control circuit.

3. series battery intelligent equalization charging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described charge control with Detecting protection module is included by metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 ~ VT3, diode D2 ~ D3, resistance R27 ~ R30, electric capacity C11 ~ C12 and inductance L2 groups Into Buck-Boost main circuits, the Buck- being made up of triode pipe VT5 ~ VT11, resistance R14 ~ R26, amplifier IC1C and IC1D Boost control circuits, the charging voltage being made up of resistance R31 ~ R33, electric capacity C13 ~ C14 and amplifier IC3C detects circuit, by electricity Hinder R42 ~ R47, the charging current detecting circuit of electric capacity C19 ~ C20 and amplifier IC3A composition, by resistance R34 ~ R41, electric capacity C15 ~ C18, triode pipe VT12, the battery pack access detection of metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 and amplifier IC3D compositions and protection circuit；Buck-Boost Control circuit is to treat by Buck-Boost main circuits under CPU module output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZXH1 control Rechargeable battery set automatically provides charging current, and from charging voltage detection circuit, charging current detecting circuit in real time to CPU module Feed back charging voltage signal Adin1, charging current signal Adin2, battery pack charge circuit only access in battery pack to be charged and Turned on when polarity is correct and its conducting and shut-off can be controlled by CPU module control signal KZXH2.

4. series battery intelligent equalization charging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described equalizaing charge inspection The four-way cell terminal voltage that surveying control module includes being made up of resistance R48 ~ R67, electric capacity C21 ~ C24 and amplifier IC4 is examined Slowdown monitoring circuit, cut by resistance R68 ~ R75, metal-oxide-semiconductor VTA1 ~ 4 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VTB1 ~ 4, electric capacity C25 the monomer battery voltage equilibrium formed Circuit is changed, the balanced control switching circuit being made up of resistance R76 ~ R83, photoelectric isolated driver IC5 ~ IC6 and decoder IC7； Each equalizaing charge detection control module can realize the electric voltage equalization of 4 cells, and multiple equalizaing charges detect control module Between can cascade to realize the application of more cells；The charge power supply positive pole PWRin+ of equalizaing charge detection control module, Logic circuit operating voltage VDD, reference ground GND are connected with Power Entry Module, 4 cell connection terminal BAT0, BAT1, BAT2, BAT3, BAT4 are connected to the end points of group each cell in pond to be charged, the both ends detection voltage of 4 cells BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 are connected to the A/D converter input of CPU module, 3 balanced switch-over control signals KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 are connected to the logic output terminal of CPU module；During cascade, the charging of each equalizaing charge detection control module Positive source PWRin+, logic circuit operating voltage VDD, reference ground GND are in parallel, the cell connection terminal BAT0 of the latter circuit It is in parallel with the cell connection terminal BAT4 of previous circuit, the two of 4 cells of each equalizaing charge detection control module End detection voltage BATin1, BATin2, BATin3, BATin4 and 3 balanced switch-over control signal KZM0, KZM1, KZM2 difference It is connected to the A/D converter input and logic output terminal of CPU module；Equalizaing charge detection control module is treated by detecting in real time Multiple cell both end voltage BATin0~BATin of rechargeable battery setnThe A/D converter input of CPU module is connected to, CPU module carries out intelligent decision according to the real-time terminal voltage of each cell and exports multiple control code KZM0 through logic output terminal ~KZMkThe intelligent equalization charging of rechargeable battery set is treated in the work of control equalizaing charge detection control module to realize.

5. series battery intelligent equalization charging device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described CPU module bag CPU, clock and reset circuit, adc circuit, output latch circuit, pwm circuit, LCD or LED display circuit, key circuit are included, Adc circuit gathers detection of the charge control with detecting protection module, equalizaing charge detection control module under the control of cpu to be believed Number, by after CPU intelligent decisions through output latch circuit, pwm circuit output a control signal to charge control with detection protection module, Equalizaing charge detects control module to realize the intellectuality of whole charging process, when clock is used to provide to CPU with reset circuit Zhong Yuan and reset signal, LCD or LED display circuit are used to show charged state, parameter or curve, key circuit is used to setting, Consult or change the parameter of pond group to be charged.