CN206820488U - The balanced management module of device internal battery group - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses the balanced management module of device internal battery group, it is made up of detection protection location, charhing unit, control unit, balanced unit；The quantity and parameter of access cell are fed back by detection protection location, balanced unit; control unit combined charge current sense feedback signal size selects the charging modes of charhing unit and ensures that the voltage of each cell is at equilibrium in charging and discharging, provided with external voltage input and the anti-reverse protection of battery access, charging overcurrent protection.The utility model carries out balanced management using control unit detection and intelligent decision control charging process and to each monomer battery voltage during charge and discharge, balanced cell is needed as balanced energy transfer vector, decoder control gating with electrochemical capacitor, the relevant parameter of internal battery group can be also provided on the basis of safe efficient balanced charge and discharge are realized for device；Suitable for the balanced management of device internal battery group of the cell quantity less than 8.

Description

The balanced management module of device internal battery group

Technical field

Battery pack power balanced management is the utility model is related to, especially a kind of balanced management mould of device internal battery group Block.

Background technology

Portable unit generally all samples internal battery group to provide the energy, and the effect of battery is self-evident, and for one Outstanding portable unit, longer standby and working time are undoubtedly an important judging quota.Conventional lithium battery group is by more Individual battery or cell are composed in series, and the core number or cell number of battery pack are typically represented with S, lithium battery is per core 3.7 volt；If it is 5S lithium battery group, the total voltage being exactly in series by 5 single lithium batteries is 5x3.7=18.5 volt Battery pack.But because the inconsistency for cell of connecting has had a strong impact on available capacity, the circulation longevity of device internal battery group Life, security and economy, make device internal battery group be difficult to reach such requirement.The uniformity of cell determines string Join performance, life-span and the security of battery pack, as long as there is the degradation of a cell, the property of whole series battery It will all can be deteriorated.Common situations have：（1）Wherein have that the capacity of a cell is relatively low, this monomer electricity when result is charging Pond reaches charging upper limit blanking voltage first, and reaches electric discharge low cutoff voltage when discharging first, then this cell Capacity determine the capacity of whole series battery；（2）If original state has a low voltage of a cell, during charging This cell does not reach blanking voltage and can not be full of, and this cell arrives first at electric discharge cut-off, the list during electric discharge Body battery does not have fully charged and electricity is discharged in advance, and the actually available electricity of series battery is determined by the capacity of this cell It is fixed；（3）If the polarization impedance of cell and internal resistance are higher, voltage declines when voltage rises fast, electric discharge during charging It hurry up, be exactly the off-capacity of this cell from the point of view of the performance that certain is once tested, load capacity declines, temperature during discharge and recharge Spend higher.

The uniformity that cell is improved in battery manufacturing process also has sizable difficulty and needs larger input and incite somebody to action Increasing substantially the manufacturing expense of battery causes battery price high and is unfavorable for the fast development of related industry.Current battery manufactures Business or battery combination factory carry out battery matching to improve battery with two side terminals using strict screening technique.Even if it is strict Battery after matching, after the initial stage of circulation or multiple circulation, visible difference will be shown, therefore use battery matching Validity is unsatisfactory；The condition of work and environment of battery can also have an impact to uniformity, with the increasing of circulating battery number Adding its consistency to change degree has undetectability.Therefore, the uniformity of cell is relative to overemphasize manufacture again During uniformity or use during environment uniformity, can only be to improve dynamical system cost as cost.

How to ensure that safe efficient groups of use of device internal battery turns into current urgent problem to be solved.Except Made an effort in terms of battery uniformity in itself outer, the key technology that cell balancing is applied as device internal battery group it One, it can effectively alleviate caused inconsistency during manufacturing process and use, improve the overall performance of battery pack.In principle Balancing technique can not only solve the problems, such as battery consistency, and can make that list that performance is worst in device internal battery group The life-span of body battery is extended, while the improvement of battery performance will also make it that battery security is improved, because cell performance After being deteriorated, security also decreases.

Equalizing circuit for device internal battery group mainly has two classes：First, energy expenditure type, refers to and utilizes parallel resistance The energy of the more battery of electricity in battery pack dissipated etc. mode, until its state-of-charge reaches the equilibrium electricity of average value Road；Second, non-energy expenditure type, i.e., carry out energy between cell or battery pack using energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as electric capacity, inductance and turn Move, the equalizing circuit for being consistent battery voltage.But these balancing techniques are applied in terms of the charging of battery pack mostly, Application during battery power discharge has no report at present.Therefore, exploitation one kind is filled suitable for device internal battery group equilibrium Electricity is very necessary with efficient, safe, the intelligent balanced management module discharged.

The content of the invention

In order to overcome current device internal battery group existing deficiency during charge and discharge, the utility model is announced A kind of balanced management module of device internal battery group.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is：A kind of balanced management module of device internal battery group, including detection Protection location, charhing unit, control unit, balanced unit；Detect protection location and external power supply and internal battery group, charging list Member, control unit and balanced unit have electrical connection, for judging the polarity of access charge power supply and internal battery group and only existing Polarity access turns on charge circuit when correct, and detection external power supply voltage, internal battery group voltage, charging current are respectively through connecing Mouth ADI0, interface ADI1, interface ADI2 send control unit and output signal ERR_I makes to charhing unit when charging current transfinites Charge circuit disconnects, the working power VDD of the balanced management module automatically switched to when there is external power supply interface DC_IN+, Internal battery group B+ ends are automatically switched to without external power supply and during installation's power source switch closure, it is steady through being depressured by working power VDD The logical gate working power VCC of the balanced management module is provided after pressure；Charhing unit is in control unit output control signal Charging current is provided for internal battery group under PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 control, balanced unit detects each list of internal battery group The terminal voltage of body battery and timing transmission the connecing to control unit under the control of control unit output control signal KZQ2, KZQ3 Mouth ADI3, interface ADI4, interface ADI5, interface ADI6, after control unit carries out balanced decision-making according to each cell terminal voltage Output control signal KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 are to balanced unit to realize internal battery group during charge or discharge Balanced management；The balanced management module is applied to device of the cell quantity less than 8 of internal battery group.

In the utility model, detection protection location includes what is be made up of electric capacity C1 ~ C4, resistance R1 ~ R2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 External power supply accesses protection circuit, for preventing electric power polarity reversed and power supply being carried out to bypass filtering and decoupling filter；By electricity The external power supply voltage detecting circuit of R15 ~ R19, electric capacity C14 and amplifier IC2A compositions is hindered, for detecting external power supply electricity in real time Press and be output to control unit through interface ADI0；By resistance R26 ~ R36, electric capacity C5 ~ C9, triode VT7, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 and amplifier The internal battery group connection protection of IC2C, IC2D composition and voltage detecting circuit, prevented for internal battery group reverse polarity connection, electricity Chi Duan filtering, battery voltage detect and are output to control unit through interface ADI1, while can believe in control unit output control Disconnect internal battery group under number KZQ1 control；The charge and discharge being made up of resistance R20 ~ R25, electric capacity C15 ~ C16 and amplifier IC2B Electric current detection circuit, for reflecting the change of the real-time current in charge and discharge process and exporting detection signal to control through interface ADI2 Unit processed；The module working power selection circuit being made up of resistance R3 ~ R8, triode VT5 ~ VT6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 ~ VT4, when having Module working power VDD automatically switches to interface DC_IN+, switched without external power supply and installation's power source when closing during external power supply Module working power VDD automatically switches to internal battery group B+, and working power VDD does not work without electric module in addition；By resistance R9 ~ The voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit that R14, electric capacity C10 ~ C13, diode D1, inductance L1 form with IC 2, to through work electricity The VCC voltages of logic control part are provided after the VDD lowering and stabilizing blood pressures of source.

In the utility model, charhing unit by resistance R37 ~ R53, electric capacity C17 ~ C18, diode D2 ~ D3, inductance L2, Triode VT10 ~ VT16, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 ~ VT9 and comparator IC3A, IC3B composition；Can be in control unit output control signal Charging current is provided for internal battery group under PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 control, is adopted when cell voltage is less than external charge voltage Charged with decompression mode, charged when cell voltage is higher than external charge voltage using boosting mode；With upper electric protection, excessively electric Stream disconnects and the function by control unit start and stop.

In the utility model, control unit control circuit is by resistance R113 ~ R116, electric capacity C28 ~ C30, dual color light emitting two Pole pipe LED, DLL JK01, device communication interface JK02, I2C isolating chip IC13 and with PWM functions, ADC functions Microcontroller chip IC12 is formed；Microcontroller chip IC12 is according to external power supply voltage interface ADI0, internal battery group voltage interface ADI1, charging current interface ADI2 testing result change output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0, KZQ1 to select to charge Mode and control charging process；Microcontroller chip IC12 is connecing according to each cell end of internal battery group in charge and discharge process Mouthful ADI3, interface ADI4, interface ADI5, the real-time voltage on interface ADI6 carry out output control signal KZQ4 after balanced decision-making, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 are to balanced unit to realize the charge and discharge balancing management of each cell of battery pack；Dichromatic LED LED is used to indicate charged state, and DLL JK01 is used to initialize the control program inside micro-control unit, and device communication connects Mouth JK02 is used for the internal battery group state parameter of device inquiry charge and discharge process.

In the utility model, balanced unit includes selecting 1 analog switch by resistance R73 ~ R112, electric capacity C20 ~ C27,42 IC6 and four high guaily unit IC4 ~ IC5 composition cell terminal voltage detecting circuit, wherein 2 four high guaily units IC4, IC5 with it is corresponding Resistance, electric capacity form 8 subtraction blocks, for detecting the voltage difference at 8 cell both ends, 8 detection output signal connections The input for selecting 1 analog switch IC6 to 42,2 select 1 analog switch IC6 in control unit output control signal KZQ2, KZQ3 8 detection signals are sent to interface ADI3, interface ADI4, interface ADI5, the interface ADI6 of control unit at twice under control； By resistance R54 ~ R72, balanced electric capacity C19,16 metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17 ~ VT32,4 four-way photoelectrical coupler IC7 ~ IC10 and 3/ The monomer battery voltage equalizing circuit of 8 decoder IC11 compositions, remaining is complete in addition to metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17 is N-channel pipe in 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors For P-channel pipe, effectively controlled by corresponding 16 road optocoupler low level, wherein the drain electrode of 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors is connected to balanced electricity together Hold C19 positive ends and its source electrode is respectively connecting to the hot end of 8 cells, the drain electrode of another 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors connects together It is connected to balanced electric capacity C19 negative polarity end and its source electrode is respectively connecting to the cold end of 8 cells, connects each monomer The metal-oxide-semiconductor control signal at battery both ends is in parallel in optocoupler LED side and is connected to 3/8 decoder IC11 decoding output End, by control unit output control signal when 3/8 decoder IC11 Enable Pin is pulled up by resistance R56 or need not be balanced when upper electric KZQ7=1 makes 3/8 decoder IC11 output be all high, and 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors disconnect entirely to be controlled, it is necessary to be exported when balanced by control unit Signal KZQ7=0 processed enables 3/8 decoder IC11 and exports option code KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6 simultaneously, to gate a monomer electricity Pond carries out charge or discharge to balanced electric capacity C19.

The beneficial effect of this patent is：Using control unit detection and intelligent decision control charging process and to charge and discharge During each monomer battery voltage carry out balanced management, with electrochemical capacitor as balanced energy transfer vector, decoder control Gating needs balanced cell, and also in-built electrical can be provided for device on the basis of safe efficient balanced charge and discharge are realized The relevant parameter of pond group；Suitable for the equalizer line of device internal battery group automatic charge and discharge process of the cell quantity less than 8 Reason.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is general structure block diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model detection protection location embodiment；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model charhing unit embodiment；

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model control unit embodiment；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the utility model balanced unit embodiment.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is carried out Clearly and completely describe；Obviously, described embodiment is only the utility model part of the embodiment, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment obtained, belong to the scope of the utility model protection.

Referring to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is general structure block diagram of the present utility model.A kind of balanced management mould of device internal battery group Block, including detection protection location, charhing unit, control unit, balanced unit；Detect protection location and external power supply and in-built electrical Pond group, charhing unit, control unit and balanced unit have electrical connection, for judging access charge power supply and internal battery group Polarity simultaneously only turns on charge circuit when polarity access is correct, detection external power supply voltage ADI0, internal battery group voltage ADI1, charging current ADI2 send control unit and output signal ERR_I returns charging to charhing unit when charging current transfinites Road disconnects, and the working power VDD of this patent module automatically switches to DC_IN+ when there is external power supply, without external power supply and device Power switch automatically switches to internal battery group B+ ends when closing, and provides the logic of this patent module after lowering and stabilizing blood pressure by VDD Part working power VCC；Charhing unit is in-built electrical under control unit output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 control Pond group provides charging current, and the terminal voltage of each cell of balanced unit detection internal battery group simultaneously exports in control unit Under the control of control signal KZQ2, KZQ3 timing transmission to control unit ADI3, ADI4, ADI5, ADI6, control unit according to Each cell terminal voltage carries out after balanced decision-making output control signal KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 to balanced unit to realize Balanced management of the internal battery group during charge or discharge；This patent module is applied to internal battery group by 2 ~ 8 monomers The device of battery composition.

Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of the utility model detection protection location embodiment.Detect protection location include by electric capacity C1 ~ C4, resistance R1 ~ R2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 compositions external power supply access protection circuit, for preventing electric power polarity reversed and to power supply Carry out bypassing filtering and decoupling filter；The external power supply voltage detecting being made up of resistance R15 ~ R19, electric capacity C14 and amplifier IC2A Circuit, for detecting external power supply voltage in real time and exporting ADI0 to control unit；By resistance R26 ~ R36, electric capacity C5 ~ C9, three Pole pipe VT7, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 and the internal battery group connection protection of amplifier IC2C, IC2D composition and voltage detecting circuit, for interior Put battery pack reverse polarity connection and prevent, battery-end filtering, battery voltage detect and export ADI1 to control unit, while can control Disconnect internal battery group under unit output control signal KZQ1 processed control；By resistance R20 ~ R25, electric capacity C15 ~ C16 and fortune The charging and discharging currents detection circuit of IC2B compositions is put, the real-time current for reflecting in charge and discharge process changes and exports detection letter Number ADI2 is to control unit；The module working power being made up of resistance R3 ~ R8, triode VT5 ~ VT6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 ~ VT4 is selected Circuit is selected, module working power VDD automatically switches to DC_IN+, switched without external power supply and installation's power source when there is external power supply Module working power VDD automatically switches to internal battery group B+ during closure, and VDD does not work without electric module in addition；By resistance R9 ~ The voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit that R14, electric capacity C10 ~ C13, diode D1, inductance L1 form with IC 2, to be dropped through VDD The VCC voltages of logic control part are provided after pressure voltage stabilizing.In Fig. 2, external power supply be connected to detection protection location DC_IN+, DC_IN-, interference of the noise to charger in itself that bypass filter capacitor C1, C2, C3 are used to reduce on access power supply, decoupling filter Ripple electric capacity C4 is used to reduce interference of the noise caused by charger to external power supply.Resistance R1, R2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 compositions are preferable Diode circuit, external power supply is connected into the earth loop of charger, to prevent external power supply reversal connection；When plant-grid connection just When true, there is voltage between the grid source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, metal-oxide-semiconductor can turn on；When plant-grid connection is reverse, between the grid source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor No-voltage and it can not turn on, charger does not just work.Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 is n channel enhancement type field effect transistor, should be according to series connection The charging voltage of battery pack selects with electric current, if charging current is 2 ~ 3A in the present embodiment, optional model has：AO4468、 BS0119N03, P1103BVG, TM4422 etc.；By taking AO4468 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=30V、I_D= 11.6A(V_GS=10V)、R_DS(ON)<14mΩ(V_GS=10V)；In Fig. 2, if R1=4.7K Ω, R2=200K Ω, DC_IN+ and DC_IN- Between voltage Vin=+ 12V when, V_GS=12*200/204.7 V≈11.7 V；The advantages of circuitry instead diode is loss Small, because diode has individual forward voltage drop 0.7V, and metal-oxide-semiconductor, in resistive, in general can accomplish 10-30 milliohms, such as Fruit calculates according to 2A charging currents, diode consumption 1.4W, and the maximum only 0.06W of metal-oxide-semiconductor.By resistance R15 ~ R19, electric capacity The external power supply voltage detecting circuit of C14 and amplifier IC2A compositions, arrived for detecting external power supply voltage in real time and exporting ADI0 Control unit；Wherein resistance R19 and electric capacity C14 forms a low-pass first order filter and done for filtering out the high frequency on signal ADI0 Disturb, if taking R19=4.7K Ω, C14=1uF, its cut-off frequency=Hz of 1/2 π * 4.7K*1u ≈ 33.86；Resistance R15 ~ R18 with Amplifier IC2A forms a subtraction circuit and is used to detect access supply voltage, and resistance R15 ~ R18 span should be according to external Voltage DC_IN and control unit A/D converter input voltage range comprehensive selection, if supply voltage DC_IN=15V, takes R15 =R17=680K Ω, R16=R18=120K Ω, then V_ADI0=15* R18/ R17=2.647V.By resistance R26 ~ R36, electric capacity C5 ~ C9, triode VT7, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 and the internal battery group connection protection of amplifier IC2C, IC2D composition and voltage detecting are electric Road, is prevented, battery-end filtering, battery voltage detect and export ADI1 to control unit for internal battery group reverse polarity connection, Disconnect can under control unit output control signal KZQ1 control simultaneously internal battery group；Electric capacity C5 ~ C8, which is connected to, to be waited to fill Battery pack both ends form a π types filter network and done for filtering out battery pack both ends in the ripple for charging with being formed in balancing procedure Disturb；Battery pack accesses the comparison circuit realization that Check up polarity be made up of resistance R26 ~ R29 and amplifier IC2D, when there is battery pack access And polarity it is correct when amplifier IC2D output metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 conductings is entered normal charging condition through resistance R33, connect when without battery pack When entering or accessing incorrect polarity, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 shut-off charge circuits；When upper electric, before control unit does not also have normal work, by Pull-up resistor R34 turns on VT7, and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 is off state, after control unit normal work, output control signal KZQ1 =0 makes circuit enter charging working condition, and when detecting that charging current transfinites, output control signal KZQ1=1 makes to be charged Pond group disconnects；Resistance R28 ~ R32 and amplifier IC2C form a subtraction circuit and are used to detecting group voltage in pond to be charged, and resistance R28 ~ R32 span depends on group voltage swing in pond to be charged, for 5S battery packs, its voltage V_BAT=3.7V*5=18.5 V, If take R28=R30=680K Ω, R29=R31=100K Ω, V_ADI1=18.5* R31/ R30=2.721V；Resistance R32 with Electric capacity C9 forms low-pass first order filter and is used to filter out the High-frequency Interference on signal ADI1, if take R32=5.1K Ω, C9= 1uF, then π * 4.7K*1u ≈ 31.21Hz of its cut-off frequency=1/2.By resistance R20 ~ R25, electric capacity C15 ~ C16 and amplifier IC2B groups Into charging current detection module, the real-time current for reflecting in charging process change and export detection signal ADI2 to control Unit, while charging current overrun testing signal ERR_I is exported to charhing unit to realize that overcurrent disconnects protection；Resistance R22, Electric capacity C15 and resistance R25, electric capacity C16 respectively form low-pass first order filter and are used to filtering out current detecting input and defeated respectively The High-frequency Interference gone out on signal, R20, R21 are two 0.1 Ω parallel-current sampling resistor, resistance R23 ~ R24 and amplifier IC2B Form an in-phase amplifier, if taking R23=1.3K Ω, R24=10K Ω, amplifier IC2B multiplication factor for 1+10/1.3= 8.69 times, if maximum current 5A, maximum output voltage is 0.05*5*8.69=2.173V.

The module working power selection circuit being made up of resistance R3 ~ R8, triode VT5 ~ VT6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 ~ VT4, electricity Road working condition is as follows：（1）When there is external power supply, DC_IN+ turns on triode VT5 by resistance R3（Current collection is extremely low）, Make metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 turn on, be off triode VT6 by VT5 current collection is extremely low, no matter installation's power source switch whether Closure metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 is connected on DC_IN+ all in off-state, the working power VDD of module；（2）When without external power supply and During installation's power source switch closure, triode VT5 is remained off by base stage pull down resistor R4 controls, and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3, which is in, to be disconnected State, cell voltage B+ turn on triode VT6 by resistance R6, and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT4 conductings, the working power VDD of module is connected to On cell voltage B+；（3）When being switched off without external power supply and installation's power source, triode VT5 is controlled by base stage pull down resistor R4 System remains off, and triode VT6 is controlled by base stage pull down resistor R7 and remained off, and is in metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3, VT4 Off-state, module working power VDD do not work without electric module；Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3, VT4 are P-channel enhancement type field-effect transistor, The related model in the present embodiment can be selected according to the operating voltage and electric current of corresponding intrument.By resistance R9 ~ R14, electric capacity C10 ~ The voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit that C13, diode D1, inductance L1 form with IC 2, to be provided after VDD lowering and stabilizing blood pressures The VCC voltages of logic control part；IC1 in Fig. 2 is the buck converter MP1584 of U.S. core source semiconductor production, this part Circuit can use other types of DC/DC converters to realize, simply enter output and meet application requirement.MP1584 core It is buck conversions, input voltage range is that D1, L1, C13 constitute typical buck in 4.5-28V output maximum currents 3A, Fig. 2 Loop, D1 are Schottky diode SS34, and R10=100K Ω, R9=51K Ω are used to enable MP1584 from VDD, R11= 200K Ω are used for the PWM frequency for adjusting buck loops；VDD=3.3V in the present embodiment, take R12=68.1K Ω, R13=124K Ω, R14= 40.2KΩ、C12=220pF、L1=6.8uH、C13=22uF。

Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of the utility model charhing unit embodiment.Charhing unit is by resistance R37 ~ R53, electric capacity C17 ~ C18, diode D2 ~ D3, inductance L2, triode VT10 ~ VT16, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 ~ VT9 and comparator IC3A, IC3B composition；Energy Charging current is provided for internal battery group under control unit output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 control, when battery electricity Force down and charged when external charge voltage using decompression mode, boosting mode is used when cell voltage is higher than external charge voltage Charging；With upper electric protection, overcurrent disconnects and function by control unit start and stop.DC/DC converters for charging are main There are six kinds, i.e. buck（Buck）DC/DC converters, boost type（Boost）DC/DC converters, voltage raising and reducing formula（Buck Boost）DC/DC converters, Cuk DC/DC converters, Zeta DC/DC converters and SEPIC DC/DC converters；Wherein, Buck and Boost formula DC/DC converters are basic, and Buck-Boost, Cuk, Zeta, SEPIC formula DC/DC converters are therefrom Derive from.Charhing unit uses Buck-Boost circuits, its charge power supply DC_IN+, work in the utility model embodiment Power vd D, logic power VCC, reference ground GND are respectively connecting to detect protection location.It is also abnormal in control unit when upper electric Before work, turn on VT14 and VT16 by pull-up resistor R44, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8, VT9 are in off state, to ensure that circuit is pacified Entirely；After control unit normal work, output control signal KZQ0=0 makes circuit enter working condition；In charging process, carry out self-test The charging current overrun testing signal ERR_I for surveying protection location drives triode VT15 by resistance R52 and R53, changes resistance R52 and R53 resistance collocation setting charging current limit value, when charging current transfinites, ERR_I triodes VT15 is turned on to turn off Charge circuit, if while when there are over-pressed, short-circuit or other phenomena of the failure, the exportable control signal KZQ0=1 of control unit is closed Disconnected metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8, VT9.Buck is used when the voltage of rechargeable battery is less than supply voltage（Buck）Charging, works as rechargeable battery Voltage use boost type when being more than supply voltage（Boost）Charging, it is electric higher than pond to be charged with the voltage for ensureing actually to charge Pressure.When working in Buck modes, comparator IC3A receives the PWM1 signals control of control unit output, and its output passes through triode Pipe VT10 and VT11, resistance R37 and R38 driving metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 are worked, and charge power supply DC_IN+ is exported by VT8-L2-D2, VT8 D3 afterflows during shut-off；Now the PWM2 signals of the control unit output of comparator IC3B in-phase ends remain low level, make Boost Circuit part is stopped；Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 is P-channel enhancement type field-effect transistor, should be according to the charging of device internal battery group Voltage selects with electric current, there is optional model in the present embodiment：AO4409, AO4467, TPC8107, TPC8108, P1003EVG etc.； By taking AO4409 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=-30V、I_D=-15A、R_DS(ON)<7.5mΩ(V_GS=-10V)、 R_DS(ON)<12mΩ(V_GS=-4.5V).When working in Boost modes, comparator IC3B receives the PWM2 signals of control unit output Control, it is exported drives metal-oxide-semiconductor VT9 to work by triode pipe VT12 and VT13, resistance R39 and R40, charge power supply DC_IN+ Exported by VT8-L2- VT9-D2, VT9 is boosted when turning off, and now the PWM1 signals of comparator IC3A control unit output are protected Hold as high level so that metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 is in the conduction state；Metal-oxide-semiconductor VT9 is n channel enhancement type field effect transistor, should be according to dress The charging voltage and electric current for putting internal battery group select, and there is optional model in the present embodiment：IRF7413、AO4410、FSD6670、 FDS6680, P0803BVG etc.；By taking IRF7413 as an example, it uses SO8 to encapsulate, design parameter V_DS=30V、I_D=12A、R_DS(ON)< 11mΩ(V_GS=10V).Diode D1 ~ D3 should select Schottky（Schottky）Diode, also known as Schottky-barrier diode（Letter Claim SBD）, such as：SS34, it belongs to a kind of low-power consumption, ultra-speed semiconductor device, and most significant feature is that reverse recovery time is extremely short （It may diminish to several nanoseconds）, forward conduction voltage drop only 0.4V or so；It is used as high frequency, low pressure, high current commutation diode, continuous Flow diode, protection diode.Inductance L1 can not use the too thin (pulse of magnet too small (can not deposit due energy), line footpath Electric current is big, and it is big to have line loss) inductance.No matter charging circuit of the present utility model works in Buck modes or Boost modes, Its charging process is substantially exactly the energy transfer process of an inductance, and inductance L2 first absorbs energy, is released followed by inductance L2 Energy, if electric capacity C18 capacity is sufficiently large, then maintain a stable voltage in output end can；If this mistake Journey constantly repeats, it is possible in the charging voltage that electric capacity both ends are stablized.To improve the conversion of the utility model charging device Efficiency, typically to set about in terms of three：（1）The impedance in loop, makes electric energy as more as possible when reducing switching tube conducting as far as possible Be converted into magnetic energy；（2）The impedance of load circuit is reduced as far as possible, makes magnetic energy is as much as possible to be converted into electric energy, coincidence circuit Loss it is minimum；（3）The consumption of control circuit is reduced as far as possible, because for charging device, the consumption of control circuit Slatterned in kind meaning, it is impossible to the energy being converted into battery pack.Because the utility model charger operation is in switch shape State, and the switching frequency of PWM controls is higher, and high frequency ripple interference is inevitably formed on electric capacity C18, is introduced for this The ripple absorbing circuit of resistance R41 ~ R42, electric capacity C17 composition.

Accompanying drawing 4 is the schematic diagram of the utility model control unit embodiment.Control unit control circuit by resistance R113 ~ R116, electric capacity C28 ~ C30, dichromatic LED LED, DLL JK01, device communication interface JK02, I2C isolating chip IC13 and the microcontroller chip IC12 compositions with PWM, ADC；Microcontroller chip is according to external power supply voltage ADI0, internal battery Group voltage ADI1, charging current ADI2 testing result change output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0, KZQ1 to select to fill Electrically with control charging process；Microcontroller chip is electric in real time according to each cell end of internal battery group in charge and discharge process ADI3, ADI4, ADI5, ADI6 is pressed to carry out after balanced decision-making output control signal KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 to balanced unit To realize the charge and discharge balancing management of each cell of battery pack；Dichromatic LED LED is used to indicate charged state, programs Interface JK01 is used to initialize the control program inside micro-control unit, and device communication interface JK02 is used for device inquiry discharge and recharge The internal battery group state parameter of process.The present embodiment introduces charging method, nominal 3.7V lithiums electricity with nominal 3.7V lithium battery The final voltage in pond can reach 4.2V, because the internal structure of lithium battery determines that it has special property, therefore lithium Battery can not overcharge；If overcharged to lithium battery, battery will lose too many and damage because of Li+, and lithium battery Must be that battery charges by specific constant-current constant-voltage charging equipment；Constant-current charge is carried out to lithium battery first, works as battery When global voltage reaches 4.2V, keep pressure constant state continue to charge, during constant-voltage charge, if electric current be less than 100mA, it is necessary to Stop immediately；The electric current of charging is 1.0~1.5 times of battery capacity, such as the theoretical capacity of lithium battery is 1470mAh, then Its charging current just should be used as charging current then to need to fill between 1470~2205mA according to 1.5 times of lithium battery capacity Electric 2~3 hours.Normal charge method has：Constant-voltage charge, constant-current charge and herein basis on improve constant current/ Constant pressure sublevel segmentation charges, and the utility model is using the mise-a-la-masse method for mixing constant current/constant voltage.Mixing constant current/constant voltage mise-a-la-masse method fills Electric process is that segmentation is carried out, in order to save the overall time of charging process, first using constant current；When cell voltage rises To after respective threshold, using the constant voltage of threshold size；To slowly it diminish with time increase charging current, until being reduced to battery When the 1/10 of capacity or 1/20, charging process terminates；That is, when charging current value is less than the 1/10 of battery capacity, electricity Recover 90% or so capacity in pond；In Remaining Stages, battery capacity does not have significant change, but required time dramatically increases；It is this Charging method can make up lithium battery because of the unappeasable part of constant-current secondary charging institute, be lithium battery optimal charge method it One；In order to reduce the infringement overcharged to battery, the charging method of multi-stage constant current can be also used if necessary；In different phase setting not With magnitude of voltage so that electric current successively decreases lasting charging step by step, when voltage reaches predetermined value, using the constant current being gradually reduced Charging；When voltage rises to next predetermined value, continue to reduce electric current；The rest may be inferred, to end, electricity since charging process The increase of voltage while stream reduces；Although this method can reduce overcharge on battery in itself caused by influence, charging when Between longer, electric current phenomena such as easily undergoing mutation；Should be depending on different types of battery and parameter during selection.It is of the present utility model The detection signal of ADC acquisition testing protection location, balanced unit under the control of microcontroller chip, by microcontroller chip according to electricity Pond feature and parameter carry out intelligent decision, then output a control signal to detection protection location, charhing unit and control unit with Realize whole charging process, the intellectually and automatically of discharge process.The optional single-chip microcomputer of microcontroller chip of the present utility model, Any one in the embedded microprocessors such as DSP, ARM, FPGA, is preferably internally integrated clock and reset, ADC, PWM and I/O Mouth line meets the embedded microprocessor of application requirement, can make CPU module structure simplification of the present utility model can to improve system By property；Microcontroller chip in the present embodiment have selected STM8S903 single-chip microcomputers, and STM8S903 single-chip microcomputers are using in advanced STM8 Core, the Harvard structure with 3 level production lines, there are program Flash, data EEPROM, the 1K byte of 640 bytes of 8K bytes in piece RAM, 10 ADC, 2 timers（PWM）, UART, SPI, I2C, fully meet in the utility model to micro-control unit It is required that.In Fig. 4, dichromatic LED LED is used to indicate charged state, and DLL JK01 is used to initialize micro-control unit Internal control program, device communication interface JK02 are used for the internal battery group state parameter of device inquiry charge and discharge process, led to Letter interface JK02 is connected by I2C isolating chips IC13 with the I2C interface of this module microcontroller chip；I2C isolating chips IC13 It is preferred that the hot plugged digital isolator ADuM1250/ADuM12511 of AD companies, they using ADI companies iCoupler magnetic every From chip-scale transformer technology, built-in non-breech lock bi-directional communication channels, and compatible with standard I2C interface, ADuM1250 provides Two duplex channels, completely isolated I2C interface is supported, ADuM1251 provides a duplex channel and a half-duplex channel, fits Close the application for not needing bidirectional clock.

Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of the utility model balanced unit embodiment.Balanced unit is included by resistance R73 ~ R112, electricity Hold C20 ~ C27, the 42 cell terminal voltage detecting circuits for selecting 1 analog switch IC6 and four high guaily unit IC4 ~ IC5 to form, wherein 2 Individual four high guaily unit IC4, IC5 form 8 subtraction blocks with corresponding resistance, electric capacity, for detecting the electricity at 8 cell both ends Pressure difference, 8 detection output signals are connected to 42 inputs for selecting 1 analog switch IC6, and IC6 is in control unit output control signal ADI3, ADI4, ADI5, ADI6 that 8 detection signals are sent to control circuit at twice under KZQ2, KZQ3 control are inputted End；By resistance R54 ~ R72, balanced electric capacity C19,16 metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17 ~ VT32,4 four-way photoelectrical coupler IC7 ~ IC10 With the monomer battery voltage equalizing circuit of 3/8 decoder device IC11 compositions, in 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors in addition to VT17 is N-channel pipe remaining P-channel pipe is all, is effectively controlled by corresponding 16 road optocoupler low level, wherein the drain electrode of 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors is connected to equilibrium together Electric capacity C19 positive ends and its source electrode are respectively connecting to the hot end of 8 cells, and the drain electrode of another 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors is together It is connected to balanced electric capacity C19 negative polarity end and its source electrode is respectively connecting to the cold end of 8 cells, connects each single The metal-oxide-semiconductor control signal at body battery both ends is in parallel in optocoupler LED side and is connected to 3/8 decoder device IC11 decoding Output end, KZQ7=is exported by control unit when 3/8 decoder device IC11 Enable Pin is pulled up by R56 or need not be balanced when upper electric 1 makes IC11 output be all high, and 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors disconnect, it is necessary to enable IC11 simultaneously by control unit output KZQ7=0 when balanced entirely Option code KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6 are exported simultaneously, charge or discharge are carried out to balanced electric capacity C19 to gate a cell. VDD, VCC, GND of weighing apparatus unit are connected with detection protection location, and B0, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8, B9 are connected to device The end points of each cell of internal battery group, 8 cell terminal voltage detectings are realized that it exports connection by 8 subtraction circuits 8 inputs for selecting 1 analog switch IC6 to 42, the Cleaning Principle of 8 subtraction circuits is consistent, with resistance R73 ~ R77, electricity Exemplified by the first passage detection circuit of appearance C20 and amplifier IC4A compositions：If the terminal voltage V of cell_BAT+-V_BAT-=4.2V, takes R73=R75=510K Ω, R74=R76=270K Ω, then V_BATin1= R74/ R73*( V_BAT+-V_BAT-)=2.224V, meets A/ The input requirements of D converters, resistance R77 and electric capacity C20 forms a low pass filter, for filtering out the High-frequency Interference in circuit Composition；In the circuit, amplifier IC4, IC5 selects operating voltage to meet desired General operational amplifier, and resistance selects the less metal film of temperature drift Resistance, electric capacity select the preferable ceramic disc capacitor of high frequency characteristics.42 select 1 analog switch IC6 to sample the chips such as CD4053, MAX4783 Realize, the present embodiment preferably 4 passage low-resistance wide-band bidirectional analog switch chip CH440,4 passage single pole double throw analogs are included in piece Switch, high bandwidth, low on-resistance；IC6 is enabled by control signal KZQ3, and chip does not work during KZQ3=1, during KZQ3=0 by Control signal KZQ2 level determines the passage of selection output；What it was output to ADI3, ADI4, ADI5, ADI6 during KZQ2=0 is The terminal voltage of 2nd, 4,6,8 cell, what it was output to ADI3, ADI4, ADI5, ADI6 during KZQ2=1 is the 1st, 3,5,7 The terminal voltage of individual cell.Detect each cell two of battery pack to be charged in real time by battery terminal voltage detection circuit Terminal voltage is conditioned that ADC3, ADC4, ADC5, ADC6 are connected to control unit, and control unit is real-time according to each cell Terminal voltage carries out intelligent decision and the work of output control code KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 control balanced unit is treated with realizing The intelligent equalization charge and discharge of rechargeable battery set.When more piece cell is used in series, because battery behavior is different, during charging Situation about being first full of occurs, if damage can be had again to battery by filling, it is therefore desirable to will be filled with volume battery and stop charging, underfill Continue charge, here it is equalizaing charge.The balanced first purpose is to extend battery life to reduce its use cost, non-dissipative type Balanced way will be future thrust, and it is crucial to shorten balanced required time as far as possible；It is first wherein using electric capacity as energy storage The condenser type equalizing circuit of part has the low advantage of low cost, small volume, energy loss.By resistance R54 ~ R72, balanced electric capacity The list that C19,16 metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17 ~ VT32,4 four-way photoelectrical coupler IC7 ~ IC10 and 3/8 decoder device IC11 are formed In body battery voltage balancing circuit, drain electrode be connected to 8 metal-oxide-semiconductor VT18, VT20 of the anode of electric capacity 19, VT22, VT24, VT26, VT28, VT30, VT32 source electrode are connected respectively the hot end to 8 cells, and drain electrode is connected to electric capacity C25 negative terminals 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors VT17, VT19, VT21, VT23, VT25, VT27, VT29, VT31 source electrode be connected respectively to 8 monomers The cold end of battery, as long as hot end is identical with the control code of cold end metal-oxide-semiconductor and only a metal-oxide-semiconductor turns on every time, Selection conducting every time can then be ensured is all two ends of a cell；Electric capacity C19 and metal-oxide-semiconductor selection and switching frequency phase Close, switching frequency is higher, capacitance is smaller, metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting electric current is smaller, and in the present embodiment, the tantalum that electric capacity C19 is 100uF is electric Solution electric capacity, metal-oxide-semiconductor are all IRF7314 in addition to VT17, and IRF7314 encapsulates two P-channel field-effect transistor (PEFT) transistors using SO8, specifically Parameter V_DS=-20V、I_D=-5.3A、R_DS(ON)<0.049Ω(V_GS=-4.5V)、R_DS(ON)<0.082Ω(V_GS=-2.7V), VT17 N Slot field-effect transistor, select basic parameter similar with IRF7314.To make balanced electric capacity C19 in charge or discharge During be to be connected with two of cell ends every time, the control to metal-oxide-semiconductor is used by resistance R54 ~ R56, photoelectricity The balanced control switching circuit that driver for isolating IC7 ~ IC10 forms with decoder IC11；IC7 ~ IC10 is 4 four-way light Electric isolator, with input diode side anode current-limiting resistance R54 ~ R55 and output triode side colelctor electrode pull-up resistor or emitter-base bandgap grading Pull down resistor R57 ~ R72 forms the drive circuit of 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors together, and wherein metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17's is driven to emitter output circuit, Remaining is colelctor electrode output circuit, due to only needing two metal-oxide-semiconductors conducting at same two ends of cell every time, therefore in light The input diode side anode current-limiting resistance of electric isolator only uses R54, R55 two；When two Light emitting diode side cathodic control level For " 1 " when, diode does not light, and phototriode is in open-circuit condition, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is height through pull-up（VT17 is drop-down To be low）Metal-oxide-semiconductor is off, when LED side cathodic control level is " 0 ", LED lighting, photosensitive three Pole pipe is in the conduction state, and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor is low（VT17 grid is height）Make metal-oxide-semiconductor in the conduction state；Decoder IC11 is the line decoding unit of 3 lines → 8, and decoding output is connected respectively to control LED side corresponding to 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors Negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode that each cell both ends correspond to two of metal-oxide-semiconductor control LED sides links together, translate Code device is enabled by control signal KZQ7, and when KZQ7=" 1 ", 3/8 decoding output signal is that " 1 " turns on without metal-oxide-semiconductor, works as KZQ7 During=" 0 ", the output signal of decoding unit is determined by control code KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6 level, [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]= Decoding output [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=11111110, are decoded during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=001 defeated when 000 Go out [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=11111101, decoding output during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=010 [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=11111011, decoding output during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=011 [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=11110111, decoding output [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0] during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=100= 11101111, during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=101 decoding output [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=11011111, Decoding output [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=10111111 during [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=110, [KZQ6, KZQ5, KZQ4]=111 when decoding output [Y7, Y6, Y5, Y4, Y3, Y2, Y1, Y0]=01111111, so make to switch balanced electric capacity every time C19 is connected with two ends of a cell, ensure that the security of balanced handoff procedure.

In summary, the utility model is made up of detection protection location, charhing unit, control unit, balanced unit；By examining Survey protection location, balanced unit feeds back the quantity and parameter of access cell, control unit combined charge current detecting is anti- Feedback signal size selects the charging modes of charhing unit and ensures that the voltage of each cell is in charging and discharging Equilibrium state, detect and external voltage input and the anti-reverse protection of battery access are provided with protection location, be provided with charhing unit Stream protection, whole charge and discharge process are automatically performed under the monitoring and control of control unit, can passed through when device needs Isolated form I2C bus monitorings and the relevant parameter for reading the utility model module.The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Using Control unit detection and intelligent decision control charging process and carry out equalizer line to each monomer battery voltage during charge and discharge Reason, balanced cell is needed as balanced energy transfer vector, decoder control gating with electrochemical capacitor, is realizing peace Entirely, the relevant parameter of internal battery group efficiently can be also provided on the basis of balanced charge and discharge for device；Suitable in 2-8S devices Put the balanced management of the automatic charge and discharge process of battery pack.

It the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model and oneself, it is all at this not to limit the utility model Within the spirit and principle of utility model, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the utility model should be included in Protection domain within.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of balanced management module of device internal battery group, it is characterized in that：Including detection protection location, charhing unit, control Unit processed, balanced unit；Detect protection location and external power supply and internal battery group, charhing unit, control unit and balanced list Member has electrical connection, for judging the polarity of access charge power supply and internal battery group and only making charging when polarity access is correct Loop turns on, and detection external power supply voltage, internal battery group voltage, charging current are respectively through interface ADI0, interface ADI1, interface ADI2 send control unit and output signal ERR_I disconnects charge circuit to charhing unit when charging current transfinites, described equal The working power VDD of weighing apparatus management module automatically switches to interface DC_IN+ when there is external power supply, without external power supply and device electricity Source switch automatically switches to internal battery group B+ ends when closing, and the equalizer line is provided after lowering and stabilizing blood pressure by working power VDD Manage the logical gate working power VCC of module；Control of the charhing unit in control unit output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 System is lower to provide charging current for internal battery group, balanced unit detect the terminal voltage of each cell of internal battery group and Under the control of control unit output control signal KZQ2, KZQ3 timing transmission to the interface ADI3 of control unit, interface ADI4, connect Mouthful ADI5, interface ADI6, control unit according to each cell terminal voltage carry out output control signal KZQ4 after balanced decision-making, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 are to balanced unit to realize balanced management of the internal battery group during charge or discharge；The equilibrium Management module is applied to device of the cell quantity less than 8 of internal battery group.

2. the balanced management module of device internal battery group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described detection protection The external power supply that unit includes being made up of electric capacity C1 ~ C4, resistance R1 ~ R2 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT1 accesses protection circuit, for preventing electricity Source polarity is reversed and power supply is carried out to bypass filtering and decoupling filter；It is made up of resistance R15 ~ R19, electric capacity C14 and amplifier IC2A External power supply voltage detecting circuit, external power supply voltage and be output to control unit through interface ADI0 for detecting in real time；By The internal battery group that resistance R26 ~ R36, electric capacity C5 ~ C9, triode VT7, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT2 and amplifier IC2C, IC2D form connects guarantor Shield and voltage detecting circuit, prevented for internal battery group reverse polarity connection, battery-end filters, battery voltage detects and through interface ADI1 is output to control unit, while disconnects under control unit output control signal KZQ1 control internal battery group； The charging and discharging currents being made up of resistance R20 ~ R25, electric capacity C15 ~ C16 and amplifier IC2B detect circuit, for reflecting discharge and recharge Real-time current in journey changes and exports detection signal to control unit through interface ADI2；By resistance R3 ~ R8, triode VT5 ~ The module working power selection circuit of VT6 and metal-oxide-semiconductor VT3 ~ VT4 compositions, when there is external power supply, module working power VDD is automatic Be switched to interface DC_IN+, without external power supply and during installation's power source switch closure module working power VDD automatically switch to it is built-in Battery pack B+, in addition working power VDD do not worked without electric module；By resistance R9 ~ R14, electric capacity C10 ~ C13, diode D1, inductance The voltage-dropping type mu balanced circuit that L1 forms with IC 2, to provide logic control portion after working power VDD lowering and stabilizing blood pressures The VCC voltages divided.

3. the balanced management module of device internal battery group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described charhing unit By resistance R37 ~ R53, electric capacity C17 ~ C18, diode D2 ~ D3, inductance L2, triode VT10 ~ VT16, metal-oxide-semiconductor VT8 ~ VT9 and ratio Formed compared with device IC3A, IC3B；Can be internal battery group under control unit output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0 control Charging current is provided, charged when cell voltage is less than external charge voltage using decompression mode, when cell voltage is higher than external Charged during charging voltage using boosting mode；With upper electric protection, overcurrent disconnects and function by control unit start and stop.

4. the balanced management module of device internal battery group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described control unit Control circuit is connect by resistance R113 ~ R116, electric capacity C28 ~ C30, dichromatic LED LED, DLL JK01, device communication Mouth JK02, I2C isolating chip IC13 and the microcontroller chip IC12 compositions with PWM functions, ADC functions；Microcontroller chip IC12 according to external power supply voltage interface ADI0, internal battery group voltage interface ADI1, charging current interface ADI2 detection knot Fruit changes output control signal PWM1, PWM2, KZQ0, KZQ1 to select charging modes and control charging process；In discharge and recharge In journey microcontroller chip IC12 according to each cell end of internal battery group in interface ADI3, interface ADI4, interface ADI5, interface Real-time voltage on ADI6 carries out after balanced decision-making output control signal KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6, KZQ7 to balanced unit to realize The charge and discharge balancing management of each cell of battery pack；Dichromatic LED LED is used to indicate charged state, DLL JK01 is used to initialize the control program inside micro-control unit, and device communication interface JK02 is used for device inquiry charge and discharge process Internal battery group state parameter.

5. the balanced management module of device internal battery group according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described balanced unit Monomer including selecting 1 analog switch IC6 and four high guaily unit IC4 ~ IC5 to form by resistance R73 ~ R112, electric capacity C20 ~ C27,42 is electric Pond terminal voltage detecting circuit, wherein 2 four high guaily units IC4, IC5 form 8 subtraction blocks with corresponding resistance, electric capacity, for examining The voltage difference at 8 cell both ends is surveyed, 8 detection output signals are connected to 42 inputs for selecting 1 analog switch IC6, and 2 select 1 8 detection signals are sent to control by analog switch IC6 at twice under the control of control unit output control signal KZQ2, KZQ3 Interface ADI3, interface ADI4, interface ADI5, the interface ADI6 of unit processed；By resistance R54 ~ R72, balanced electric capacity C19,16 MOS The monomer battery voltage of pipe VT17 ~ VT32,4 four-way photoelectrical coupler IC7 ~ IC10 and 3/8 decoder IC11 compositions is balanced Circuit, remaining is all P-channel pipe in addition to metal-oxide-semiconductor VT17 is N-channel pipe in 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors, by the low electricity of corresponding 16 road optocoupler Flat effectively control, wherein the drain electrode of 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors is connected to balanced electric capacity C19 positive ends together and its source electrode connects respectively To the hot end of 8 cells, the drain electrode of another 8 metal-oxide-semiconductors is connected to balanced electric capacity C19 negative polarity end and its source together Pole is respectively connecting to the cold end of 8 cells, and the metal-oxide-semiconductor control signal for connecting each cell both ends is sent out in optocoupler Optical diode side is in parallel and is connected to 3/8 decoder IC11 decoding output end, when upper electric 3/8 decoder IC11 Enable Pin by 3/8 decoder IC11 output is all when resistance R56 is pulled up or need not be balanced by control unit output control signal KZQ7=1 Height, 16 metal-oxide-semiconductors disconnect, it is necessary to enable 3/8 decoder IC11 simultaneously by control unit output control signal KZQ7=0 when balanced entirely Option code KZQ4, KZQ5, KZQ6 are exported simultaneously, charge or discharge are carried out to balanced electric capacity C19 to gate a cell.