CN206787564U - A kind of exactly determined total powerstation of instrument height - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to accurately obtain the instrument height of the total station. A total station for accurately determining the height of the instrument, including a total station and a height-fixing rod. The height-fixing rod has various length specifications. A rod-shaped neck is fixedly installed under the head of the total station, and the height-fixing rod is inserted vertically into the rod The head is separated from the base in a docking hole directly below the rod-shaped neck, and the rod-shaped neck passes through a vertical socket in the middle of the base. After the total station is leveled, the rod-shaped neck, the height-fixing rod are strictly perpendicular to the two planes of the base and the earth. Fixed, the error of the instrument height is very small, and it is suitable for various high-precision measurement and monitoring work of the total station.

Description

A Total Station for Highly Accurate Determination of Instruments

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to the acquisition of the instrument height of a total station.

Background technique

The total station, that is, the electronic total station (Electronic Total Station), is a high-tech measuring instrument integrating light, machinery and electricity. ), height difference measurement function in one surveying and mapping instrument system. Compared with the optical theodolite, the electronic theodolite replaces the optical dial with a photoelectric scanning dial, and replaces the manual optical micrometer reading with the automatic recording and display reading, which simplifies the angle measurement operation and avoids the occurrence of reading errors. Because it can complete all the survey work on the station once the instrument is placed, it is called a total station. It is widely used in the field of precision engineering measurement or deformation monitoring such as large-scale buildings on the ground and underground tunnel construction.

The total station has multiple uses such as angle measurement, distance (slope distance, horizontal distance, height difference) measurement, three-dimensional coordinate measurement, traverse measurement, intersection fixed-point measurement and stakeout measurement. After built-in special software, the function can be further expanded.

The instrument height is the height from the ground reference point where the total station is set up to the center point of the instrument eyepiece. The basic operation and usage methods of the total station related to the height of the instrument include distance measurement and coordinate measurement, which are respectively introduced as follows.

1. Distance measurement

(1) Set the prism constant

The prism constant must be input into the instrument before measuring the distance, and the instrument will automatically correct the measured distance.

(2) Set atmospheric correction value or air temperature and air pressure value

The propagation speed of light in the atmosphere will change with the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere. 15°C and 760mmHg are a standard value set by the instrument, and the atmosphere at this time is corrected to 0ppm. During the actual measurement, you can input the temperature and air pressure, and the total station will automatically calculate the atmospheric correction value (you can also directly input the atmospheric correction value), and correct the distance measurement result.

(3) Measure the height of the instrument and the height of the prism and input them into the total station.

(4) Distance measurement

Aim at the center of the target prism, press the distance measurement key, the distance measurement starts, and when the distance measurement is completed, the oblique distance, horizontal distance and height difference are displayed.

There are three ranging modes of the total station: fine measurement mode, tracking mode and rough measurement mode. Fine measurement mode is the most commonly used distance measurement mode, the measurement time is about 2.5S, and the minimum display unit is 1mm; Tracking mode is often used for continuous distance measurement when tracking moving targets or stakeout, the minimum display is generally 1cm, and the distance measurement time is about 0.3 S; rough measurement mode, the measurement time is about 0.7S, and the minimum display unit is 1cm or 1mm. In distance measurement or coordinate measurement, you can press the distance measurement mode (MODE) key to select different distance measurement modes.

2. Coordinate measurement

(1) Set the three-dimensional coordinates of the station point.

(2) Set the coordinates of the backsight point or set the horizontal dial reading of the backsight direction as its azimuth. When setting the coordinates of the backsight point, the total station will automatically calculate the azimuth of the backsight direction, and set the horizontal dial reading of the backsight direction as its azimuth.

(3) Set the prism constant.

(4) Set atmospheric correction value or air temperature and air pressure value.

(5) Measure the height of the instrument and the height of the prism and input them into the total station.

(6) Sight the target prism, press the coordinate measurement key, the total station starts to measure the distance and calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the displayed measuring point.

It can be seen that the instrument height of the total station is a very important basic parameter, and the high accuracy of the instrument has a great influence on the measurement accuracy of basic elements such as distance and coordinates.

There are mainly two methods of measuring the height of the existing instrument as follows.

(1) Steel tape measurement method

The most traditional method of measuring instrument height. The height of the instrument is the vertical distance from the measurement control point to the center of the instrument. Since the direct measurement is not a plane relationship, there is absolutely an error. In addition, the measurement error of the steel tape is relatively large.

(3) Laser measurement method

Using the laser measurement point function of the instrument itself, although the laser measurement accuracy is higher than the above two methods, but because the light spot hits the inside of the crosshair instead of the highest point of the reference point, system errors are brought about, and the overall measurement accuracy is limited. .

The measurement accuracy of the above measurement methods is millimeter level, which is not suitable for occasions that require high parameters of precise instruments.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to accurately obtain the instrument height of the total station.

A total station for accurately determining the height of the instrument, including a total station and a height-fixing rod. The height-fixing rod has various length specifications. A rod-shaped neck is fixedly installed under the head of the total station, and the height-fixing rod is inserted vertically into the rod The head is separated from the base in a docking hole directly below the rod-shaped neck, and the rod-shaped neck passes through a vertical socket in the middle of the base.

Preferably, the top of the height-holding pole is made of iron, and is engaged with the magnet inside the docking hole.

Preferably, there is a damping spring on the upper part of the magnet, and the magnet and the damping spring are limited to the upper part of the retaining ring.

Preferably, the socket extends downwards by a certain length.

Preferably, the laser plummet is mounted vertically under the magnet.

Preferably, the lower end of the height-fixing pole is a hollow structure, and the bottom end of the height-fixing pole is a transparent glass substrate.

Preferably, the base is installed at the lower end of the height hold pole, and is detachable and replaceable.

Preferably, the base is cylindrical and has a height of 1-3 mm.

Preferably, the cross section of the height setting pole is an equilateral triangle.

After the total station is leveled, the rod-shaped neck, the height-fixing rod are strictly perpendicular to the two planes of the base and the earth. Fixed, the error of the instrument height is very small, and it is suitable for various high-precision measurement and monitoring work of the total station.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a total station for high precision determination of the instrument;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection part between the total station and the height-fixing pole;

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the rod-shaped neck of the total station and the connecting part of the height-fixing rod;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the bottom part of the height-holding rod;

In the figure: 1. Total station, 2. Height pole, 3. Head, 4. Base, 5. Docking hole, 6. Magnet, 7. Shock absorbing spring, 8. Stop ring, 9. Jack, 10. Laser plummet, 11. Hollow structure, 12. Base, 13. Rod neck.

detailed description

Embodiment 1, as shown in accompanying drawing 1-4.

A total station for accurately determining the height of the instrument, including a total station and a height-fixing rod. The height-fixing rod has various length specifications. A rod-shaped neck is fixedly installed under the head of the total station, and the height-fixing rod is inserted vertically into the rod The head is separated from the base in a docking hole directly below the rod-shaped neck, and the rod-shaped neck passes through a vertical socket in the middle of the base. After the total station is leveled, the rod-shaped neck, the height-fixing rod are strictly perpendicular to the two planes of the base and the earth. Fixed, the error of the instrument height is very small, and it is suitable for various high-precision measurement and monitoring work of the total station.

The top of the height-fixing rod is made of iron, which is connected with the magnet inside the docking hole. This ensures the tight contact of the height fixing rod with the docking hole.

The upper part of the magnet has a damping spring, and the magnet and the damping spring are limited to the upper part of the retaining ring. The head of the total station has a certain weight. This structure has two functions: 1. It acts as a shock absorber for the connection of the head of the total station; 2. When the head of the total station is static , the spring will not compress, and the measurement of the instrument height will not be affected. The height of the instrument is equal to the length of the height-holding rod plus the corresponding size of the head of the total station.

The jack is extended downwards by a certain length. This facilitates keeping the height bar strictly perpendicular to the base.

The laser plummet is installed vertically under the magnet. The laser can penetrate the glass substrate and align with the ground reference point, avoiding the influence of the existence of the height pole on the laser alignment.

The lower end of the height-fixing pole is a hollow structure, and the bottom end of the height-fixing pole is a transparent glass substrate. The base is installed at the lower end of the height-holding pole, which can be disassembled and replaced. The lower end of the height-fixing pole is a hollow structure, and the bottom end is a transparent glass substrate. When the height-fixing pole touches the ground reference point, the laser spot can be visually aligned with the total station, which is convenient to use.

The base is cylindrical and has a height of 1-3mm. In order to reduce the impact of glass refraction on laser alignment, the thickness of the substrate should not be too large, and glass materials with low refractive index and high strength should be selected.

The cross-section of the height-fixing rod is an equilateral triangle. The reason why the cross-section of the height-fixing pole is an equilateral triangle is that, under the same material and quantity, the triangle is more stable than a polygonal structure such as a circle, and it is not easy to produce bending deformation.

How to use the total station: a. Set up the total station, open the bracket of the total station, lift the head of the total station, pass the rod-shaped neck of the total station through the vertical hole in the middle of the base, Select a height-fixing rod with a suitable length and insert it under the interface directly below the rod-shaped neck, so that the bottom of the height-fixing rod touches the ground reference and aligns with the center of the ground reference; b. centering; c. rough flat; d. fine Ping; e. Use a total station. After the head of the total station and the rod-shaped neck pass through the vertical socket in the middle of the base, the height-fixing pole is inserted under the interface directly below the rod-shaped neck, so that the total station does not need to be moved significantly The head is relatively simple to operate.

Claims (9)

1. A kind of 1. exactly determined total powerstation of instrument height, it is characterized in that including total powerstation and Ding Gao bars, fixed high bar has different lengths Specification, the lower head of total powerstation are installed with shaft-like neck, and fixed high bar is inserted perpendicularly into the butt hole immediately below shaft-like neck In, head is to separate with pedestal, and shaft-like neck passes through from the vertical receptacle in the middle part of pedestal.
2. 2. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the top of fixed high bar is Irony, mutually it is connected with the magnet of the inside of butt hole.
3. 3. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 2, subtract it is characterized in that the top of magnet has Spring is shaken, magnet and damping spring are limited in baffle ring top.
4. 4. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 1, it is characterized in that jack extends downwards one Measured length.
5. 5. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 3, it is characterized in that laser centring device is vertical Under magnet.
6. 6. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 5, it is characterized in that fixed high bar lower end is to engrave Hollow structure, fixed high bar bottom is clear glass substrate.
7. 7. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 6, it is characterized in that substrate is arranged on fixed height Bar lower end, it is detachable.
8. 8. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 7, it is characterized in that substrate is cylinder, it is high Spend for 1-3mm.
9. 9. according to the exactly determined total powerstation of a kind of instrument height described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the cross section of fixed high bar For equilateral triangle.