Background technology
The observation of building is a groundwork for needing to adhere to for a long time, and main purpose is to grasp the change of building
Morpheme move and under complicated loads building running situation, the problem of so as to jeopardizing building safety, find early
Timely processing, it is ensured that the safety of building.
For example, in Construction of Sluice, measure lock body horizontal displacement is significant to the stability for analyzing lock body.Measure
Most widely used in the observation procedure of building horizontal displacement is reference line method, and reference line method is divided into collimation line method, drawn again
Collimation method and method of laser alignment.
Collimation line method is method most widely used in above-mentioned three kinds of methods, cardinal principle be first in sluice first stage of construction,
In the both sides of sluice setting observation station (theodolite) and fixed punctuate (stationary target), and prediction observation is set on each lock body
Point (horizontal displacement graticule), a collimation line is formed by observation station, prediction observation station and fixed punctuate sight alignment.When
After for many years, the prediction observation station deviates collimation line, is using the observation tape measure deviation value, the deviation value afterwards
Horizontal displacement.But conventional collimation line method has the disadvantage that, 1) need to determine the deviation value of both direction and take it flat
Average;2) it is arranged at stationary target on fixed punctuate and is chronically exposed to field, its error of centralization, collimation line error is larger, precision
Not high (general precision is only 1mm);3) conventional observation scale is gravity type, and the plummet of vertical collimation line is produced by gravity
Face, movable target are easily waited natural environment to be disturbed by sharp, and measurement error is big;4) because of with the naked eye reading, it is difficult to avoid reading from shining
Quasi- error.
Although method of tension wire alignment and method of laser alignment respectively have its advantage, method of tension wire alignment is only applicable linear pattern building, to certainly
Right condition requires higher, it is necessary to calm and work under conditions of not interfering with, and method of laser alignment cost is higher, one-time investment
Greatly, it is high to vacuum level requirements, it is of limited application at present.
Therefore, need to provide a kind of measurement accuracy height, the not interference by natural environment and lower-cost building at present
Horizontal displacement survey tool.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of horizontal displacement observation scale, the horizontal displacement observation tape measure precision
High and cost is low.
Another object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of measurement structure for being used to measure horizontal displacement, and the horizontal displacement is surveyed
It is high to measure interference and measurement accuracy of the structure hardly by natural environment.
A further object of the present utility model is to provide a kind of sluice observation system, can accurately be surveyed in the sluice observation system
Measure the horizontal displacement of building.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of horizontal displacement observation scale, the horizontal displacement observation mark
Chi includes:Horizontal base, the horizontal base is horizontally disposed and is provided centrally with being open;Slide measure, the slide measure are arranged on
On the horizontal base, and it is vertical with the horizontal base including foot bar and measuring claw, the inner edge line of the measuring claw;Surveyor's beacon, should
Surveyor's beacon is fixedly connected on the measuring claw, and own centre line is set on the surveyor's beacon, the inner edge of the center line and the measuring claw
Line overlaps.
Preferably, the slide measure is electronic digital indicator, and the electronic digital indicator includes display screen.
Preferably, multiple foot bolts are arranged at intervals with the horizontal base.
Preferably, the horizontal base is triangle, and a foot bolt is respectively arranged with three angles.
Preferably, round level is provided with the horizontal base.
Preferably, one end of the foot bar of the slide measure is fixed, and the other end can be axle using described one end perpendicular
Straight rotation with surface.
Preferably, the other end of the foot bar is by Boards wall, and vertical adjustment bolt is provided with the clamping plate.
The utility model provides a kind of measurement structure for being used to measure horizontal displacement again, and the horizontal displacement measurement structure includes
Theodolite and horizontal displacement mark plate and stationary target, horizontal displacement graticule has been portrayed on the horizontal displacement mark plate, wherein,
The horizontal displacement measurement structure also includes horizontal displacement observation scale provided by the utility model, in original position, the water
Prosposition moves the inner edge line of the center line of the surveyor's beacon of observation scale and the measuring claw of the slide measure and the level
Displacement graticule aligns;In final position, the inner edge line of the measuring claw of the center line of the surveyor's beacon and the slide measure with
The collimation line alignment that the theodolite and the stationary target are formed.
The utility model provides a kind of sluice observation system again, and the sluice observation system includes sluice, and the sluice includes more
Individual lock body, wherein, the sluice observation system also includes horizontal displacement measurement structure provided by the utility model, the horizontal displacement
Graticule is arranged on each lock body, in the sluice construction period, the horizontal displacement graticule with by the theodolite and described solid
Determine the collimation line alignment of surveyor's beacon composition, when sluice occurred level displacement, the horizontal displacement graticule and the collimation line
Do not line up, displacement of the horizontal displacement graticule from the collimation line is determined by horizontal displacement measurement structure.
Pass through above-mentioned technical proposal, horizontal displacement observation scale provided by the utility model is not affected by environment, with
Also it more can accurately measure the horizontal displacement of building under the weather conditions of wind, and also have that simple in construction, cost is low
The advantages of.
Other features and advantages of the utility model will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.It should be appreciated that herein
Described embodiment is merely to illustrate and explained the utility model, is not limited to the utility model.
In the utility model, in the case where not making opposite explanation, the noun of locality such as " level " used refers to and level
Direction where face.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the utility model provides a kind of horizontal displacement observation scale, the horizontal displacement observation scale
Including horizontal base 10, slide measure 20 and surveyor's beacon 30.Hereinafter, it is described in detail respectively for these three components.
Horizontal base 10 lays basis in order to which horizontal displacement observation scale provides, and it is placed on horizontal displacement graticule 81 and (set
Put the prediction observation station (or line of observation) on the lock body of sluice) top.Horizontal base 10 is preferably platy structure, and its
It is provided centrally with being open, by the opening it can be seen that the horizontal displacement graticule 81 of the lower section of horizontal base 10.
When laying horizontal displacement observation scale, horizontal base 10 must be horizontally disposed, so could accurate measurement building
Horizontal displacement.In order to meet above-mentioned condition, the utility model provides preferred embodiment, i.e. can be with horizontal base 10
Multiple foot bolts 40 are arranged at intervals with, by finely tuning each foot bolt 40, horizontal base 10 is placed in level.It is highly preferred that such as
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, horizontal base 10 provided by the utility model is triangle, and on three angles of horizontal base 10 respectively
A foot bolt 40 is provided with, can while this structure disclosure satisfy that horizontal base 10 keeps balance in the horizontal direction
Using the foot bolt 40 of minimum number, component usage quantity is reduced with relative.Certainly, horizontal base 10 is made to be placed in horizontal method
Not limited to this.
The structure whether horizontal as detection level pedestal 10, as shown in figures 1 and 3, it can also be set on horizontal base 10
Round level 50 is equipped with, when the bubble of circle level 50 is placed in the middle, shows that horizontal base 10 is in horizontality.But the utility model
Not limited to this, whether horizontality can also be in come detection level pedestal 10 using instruments such as pincers worker level meters.
Above is for the explanation of horizontal base 10, explanation slide measure 20 is continued with.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, slide measure 20 is arranged on horizontal base 10, and including foot bar 21 and measuring claw 22,
It is provided with graduation mark in foot bar 21, and by the movement of measuring claw 22 come reading.
Foot bar 21 is parallel to each other with horizontal base 10, i.e. foot bar 21 is also required to be in horizontality.In order to ensure foot bar 21
Be parallel to each other with horizontal base 10, it is preferable that the foot bar 21 of slide measure is arranged to one end and fixed, the other end can using one end as
Axle rotates in perpendicular.As a kind of preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the other end of foot bar 21 is by clamping plate 60
It is fixed, and vertical adjustment bolt 70 is provided with the clamping plate 60, by vertical adjustment bolt 70, the another of foot bar 21 can be finely tuned
The displacement of one end vertically.
In addition, the inner edge line of the measuring claw 22 of slide measure 20 is vertical with horizontal base 10, its reason will describe below.
In addition, for simpler accurately reading, slide measure 20 is preferably electronic digital indicator, such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 institutes
Show, electronic digital indicator includes display screen 23.Now, the precision of slide measure 20 is 0.01mm, this and conventional accuracy of observation
(1mm) is compared, and accuracy of observation significantly improves, and also greatly reduces error in reading.In addition, the another advantage of electronic digital indicator
It is the directionality problem of its horizontal displacement having been contemplated that in the fabrication process, i.e. no matter building shifts to the left or to the right, see
The adjustment of symbol need not be carried out by surveying reading, can directly read the absolute value of displacement.
Below, it will continue to introduce the surveyor's beacon 30 of horizontal displacement observation scale.
Surveyor's beacon 30 is fixedly connected on measuring claw 22, and own centre line is set on surveyor's beacon 30, and the center line is used for and collimation line
(normal line of building initial setting, by the graticule on theodolite, horizontal displacement mark plate) aligns.Center line can lead to
Cross and portray a lines to realize, can also be realized by spraying two kinds of different colours, the boundary line between different colours is
Centered on line.The center line of surveyor's beacon 30 overlaps with the inner edge line of measuring claw 22, and surveyor's beacon 30 is with the movement of measuring claw 22 and together
It is mobile, therefore, when being overlapped by the center line of the mobile surveyor's beacon 30 of surveyor's beacon 30 with collimation line, read by slide measure 20
Numerical value be building horizontal displacement.
More than, be described in detail for horizontal displacement observation scale provided by the utility model, based on this, below this
Utility model provides a kind of measurement structure for being used to measure horizontal displacement again.
As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the measurement structure includes theodolite and horizontal displacement mark plate 80, stationary target and sheet
The horizontal displacement observation scale that utility model provides.Wherein, horizontal displacement graticule 81 has been portrayed on horizontal displacement mark plate 80,
Theodolite and stationary target are located at the both sides of horizontal displacement graticule 81.
If the measuring principle for first illustrating measurement structure, the collimation line that theodolite and stationary target are formed is original line, and
Horizontal displacement graticule 81 deviates collimation line with the horizontal displacement of building, so as to form skew line, original line and skew line
Horizontal range be building horizontal displacement.Based on this principle, the horizontal position of building in horizontal displacement measurement structure
The metering system of shifting is as follows.In original position, the survey of the center line and slide measure 20 of the surveyor's beacon 30 of horizontal displacement observation scale
The inner edge line of measuring jaw 22 aligns with horizontal displacement graticule 81, that is to say, that using horizontal displacement graticule 81 (skew line) as level
The zero point of displacement observation scale.In final position, the inner edge line of the center line of surveyor's beacon 30 and the measuring claw 22 of slide measure 20
The collimation line (original line) formed with theodolite and stationary target align, the slide measure now read it is vertical for offset line from
The horizontal displacement of the distance of original line, i.e. building.
In addition, the utility model provides a kind of sluice observation system again, the sluice observation system includes sluice, the sluice bag
Include multiple lock bodies.The sluice observation system also includes horizontal displacement measurement structure provided by the utility model, horizontal displacement graticule
81 are arranged on each lock body.In the sluice construction period, horizontal displacement graticule 81 and the collimation being made up of theodolite and stationary target
Line aligns, and when sluice occurred level displacement, horizontal displacement graticule 81 does not line up with collimation line, passes through horizontal displacement measurement structure
Determine displacement of the horizontal displacement graticule 81 from collimation line.
Based on said structure, horizontal displacement can be observed in accordance with the following steps.
First step:Horizontal displacement observation scale is lain in a horizontal plane on the measuring platform of lock body, and adjust foot bolt, so that
The bubble of circle level is placed in the middle;
Second step:The inner edge line of the measuring claw 22 of slide measure 20 is alignd with horizontal displacement graticule 81;
Third step:The power supply of slide measure is opened, and carries out rezero operation;
Four steps:Mobile surveyor's beacon 30, so that the center line of surveyor's beacon 30 aligns with collimation line;
5th step:Read the numerical value shown by slide measure 20.
In summary, horizontal displacement observation scale provided by the utility model has simple light, the reading letter of operating process
Single, measurement accuracy is up to the various advantages such as 0.01mm, compact-sized, easy installation, cost be low.In addition, the utility model provides
Horizontal displacement observation scale it is hardly affected by environment, also more can accurately be surveyed under the conditions of windy day
Amount, while reducing measurement error, improve application.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model, still, the utility model and unlimited is described in detail above in association with accompanying drawing
Detail in above-mentioned embodiment, can be to skill of the present utility model in range of the technology design of the present utility model
Art scheme carries out a variety of simple variants, and these simple variants belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, it can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the utility model is to each
The possible combination of kind no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, it can also be combined between a variety of embodiments of the present utility model, as long as it is not disobeyed
Thought of the present utility model is carried on the back, it should equally be considered as content disclosed in the utility model.