CN206651984U - CPR aids in pressing pad - Google Patents
CPR aids in pressing pad Download PDFInfo
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- CN206651984U CN206651984U CN201621327888.0U CN201621327888U CN206651984U CN 206651984 U CN206651984 U CN 206651984U CN 201621327888 U CN201621327888 U CN 201621327888U CN 206651984 U CN206651984 U CN 206651984U
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Abstract
It the utility model is related to medical treatment auxiliary product technical field, pressing pad is aided in more particularly, to CPR, the pressing pad provides CPR and presses ballast carrier, and there is signal software processor, pressure sensor, according to pressing depth display lamp and the first power unit, signal software processor connects pressure sensor by the first analog-to-digital conversion interface, and signal software processor connects according to pressing depth display lamp by according to pressing depth feedback interface, the processing of signal software processor, analyze the signal of pressure sensor transmission, and feedback data come drive according to pressing depth display lamp light, thereby to pressing position, depth, the prompting of frequency；First power unit provides working power.The utility model is used for external chest compression, can provide the external chest compression of CPR the accurate size for instructing, can feeding back pressing dynamics exactly, so as to realize according to pressing depth, frequency display feedback, lifting pressing validity, greatly improve salvage success rate.
Description
Technical field
Medical treatment auxiliary product technical field is the utility model is related to, pressing pad is aided in more particularly, to CPR.
Background technology
CPR (CPR) is necessary technology in emergency medical services field, and the life and death of saved person (patient) takes
Certainly in the appropriateness of the technology.As CPR to be carried out, deliverer presses the breastbone of the upside of chest, and the pressing replaces patient's
Heart, oxygenated blood can be caused to be circulated in whole life entity.
External chest compression is the committed step and key link to sudden cardiac arrest patient early stage CPR.Heart occurs for patient
Timely and effectively external chest compression can be obtained after all standing to have a major impact patient's treatment success rate.But according to a large amount of both at home and abroad
Clinic study shows that most rescue personnel's external chest compression validity are unsatisfactory, and compressing time is long, and physical demands causes
It is shallow by pressing through, do not reach pressing effect, or overexert, press and too deep cause fracture of rib or even to puncture pleura and get angry
Chest.It is significant for external chest compression validity how chest sagging depth is accurately measured.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is that providing a kind of CPR aids in pressing pad, can be to the external chest compression of CPR
The accurate size for instructing, can feeding back pressing dynamics exactly is provided, helps rescuer effectively to be rescued to patient.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme that：
CPR aids in pressing pad, and the pressing pad provides CPR and press ballast carrier, and have signal software processor,
Pressure sensor, according to pressing depth display lamp and the first power unit, signal software processor are connected by the first analog-to-digital conversion interface
Pressure sensor is connect, and signal software processor connects according to pressing depth display lamp, signal software by according to pressing depth feedback interface
Processor is to obtain displacement signal by carrying out double integral to the acceleration value sampled between pressure minimum and maximum
And the analysis of digital filtering process, signal is carried out, and feedback data；According to pressing depth display lamp is lighted based on feedback signal；The
One power unit provides working power, thereby to pressing position, the prompting of depth, frequency.
In such scheme, there is software compensation module in the signal software processor, after acceleration transducer initialization,
After filtering, the value of still not up to some fixations, takes software compensation module to be filtered.
In such scheme, the signal software processor is the single-chip microcomputer based on STM32 chips structure.
In such scheme, the pressing pad is three-layer structure, is filled out using healthy cloth as upper strata, middle level using cotton
Fill, lower floor uses canvas.
Relative to prior art, the utility model is used for external chest compression, and it is accurate that the external chest compression of CPR can be provided
Instruct, can feed back the size of pressing dynamics exactly, the CPR based on the measurement of acceleration double integral according to pressing depth
Product is aided in, integrated acceleration analysis, pressure are most worth detection, pass through the acceleration to being sampled between pressure minimum and maximum
Numerical value carry out quadratic integral obtain according to pressing depth, so as to realize according to pressing depth, frequency display feedback, lifting pressing validity, greatly
It is big to improve salvage success rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the utility model one example structure schematic diagram；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the positively and negatively integrator drift diagram during acceleration-displacement quadratic integral；
Accompanying drawing 3 is available displacement signal process chart.
Embodiment
Design, concrete structure and caused technique effect of the present utility model are made furtherly below with reference to accompanying drawing
It is bright, to be fully understood from the purpose of this utility model, feature and effect.
It is the utility model preferred embodiment structural representation, the utility model is about a kind of heart refering to shown in Fig. 1~3
Lung recovery auxiliary pressing pad, the pressing pad 1 provide CPR and press ballast carrier, and to pressing position, the prompting of depth, frequency,
Complete to conversion and feedback data of the analog acquisition of pressure signal to numeral.Pressing pad 1 has signal software processor 11, pressure
Force snesor 12, the according to pressing depth power unit 14 of display lamp 13 and first.In the present embodiment, signal software processor 11 is to be based on
The single-chip microcomputer of STM32 chips structure, signal software processor 11 connect pressure sensor by the first analog-to-digital conversion interface 111
12, and signal software processor 11 connects according to pressing depth display lamp 13, signal software processing by according to pressing depth feedback interface 112
Device 11 is to obtain displacement signal simultaneously by carrying out double integral to the acceleration value sampled between pressure minimum and maximum
Carry out digital filtering processing, the analysis of signal, and feedback data；According to pressing depth display lamp 13 is lighted based on feedback signal；The
One power unit 14 provides working power.Further, the pressing pad of pressing pad 1 can be divided into three layers, using healthy cloth (also known as
Air layer, it is cotton to be commonly referred to as one side, and another side is the interlayer double-sided cloth of the function with moisture absorbing and sweat releasing of silk) as upper
Layer, gas permeability is strong, soft and smooth, and middle level is filled using cotton, increases mat pliability, and lower floor uses canvas, shapes good
It is good, external chest compression is conveniently used for, the used time is layered on patient, and then deliverer is by pressing this pressing pad 1, pressure sensor 12
Corresponding pressure signal can be transmitted to signal software processor 11, output order, which drives, after the processing of signal software processor 11 presses
Press depth display lamp 13 luminous, be achieved in the prompting to pressing position, depth, frequency, allow deliverer to understand pressing feelings in time
Condition, the accurate size for instructing, can feeding back pressing dynamics exactly, lifting can be provided to the external chest compression of CPR by reaching
Validity is pressed, greatly improves salvage success rate.
In the utility model, also there is software compensation module 113, acceleration transducer is initial in signal software processor 11
After change, after filtering, the value of still not up to some fixations, software compensation module 113 is taken to be filtered.
The utility model specific works are as follows：
Covered as shown in figure 1, pressing pad 1 is an independent circuit structure, during rescue in patient chest, during for rescuing pair
The prompting of pressing position, depth, frequency, wherein, governor circuit is a signal software processor 11 based on STM32 chips,
Complete to include to the analog acquisition of pressure signal to digital conversion, by what is sampled between pressure minimum and maximum adding
Speed values carry out double integral and obtain displacement signal and carry out the analysis of digital filtering process, signal, and feedback data etc..Example
Such as：When according to pressing depth between 5-6cm, pressing is effective, the flicker of pressing pad green light.When being according to pressing depth more than between 6cm, press
Weight is pressed through, pressing pad blinking red lamp, gives and alerts.
1st, according to pressing depth monitoring principle
Assuming that the obtained acceleration signal of test is a (t), then by time-domain integration to rate signal be：
V (t)=∫ a (t) dt=v ' (t)+v0
... formula 1
The displacement signal obtained by time-domain integration twice is：
S (t)=∫ v (t) dt=s ' (t)+s0
... formula 2
v0、s0Respectively initial velocity and first displacement, v (t), s (t) are theory speed to be asked and displacement, and v ' (t), s ' (t) are
Speed and the original function of displacement.
In order to facilitate integral formula is understood, integration can be interpreted as area under a curve：
When sampling time interval region zero, integrated value more levels off to actual value, but in actual conditions, the sampling time is not
Equal to zero, integral error then be present.If untreated, these errors can add up rapidly with the time.Entered using trapezoidal algorithm
Row integration, reduces integral error.It is trapezoidal that the area that function curve and reference axis are surrounded infinitely is subdivided into numerous hypotenuse, i.e.,
The trapezoidal height of hypotenuse is as far as possible small, level off to zero when, integrated value is equal to the trapezoidal sum of hypotenuse.In equation 3, the trapezoidal high Δ x tables of hypotenuse
Show sampling time interval, integral function f (xi) represent a certain instance sample acceleration value.The trapezoidal and trapezoidal area of hypotenuse it
Difference is expressed as SamplenAnd Samplen-1Integral error between double sampling, but when acceleration transducer sets sampling frequency
When rate is sufficiently high, this error is negligible.
So double sampling time interval integral area can be expressed as by we：
Arean=[(Samplen+Samplen-1)/2]*T
The result of continuous integral should be equal to a series of this trapezoidal area sum：
Valuen=Area1+Area2+……+Arean-1+Arean
Recursive form can also be expressed as：
Valuen=Valuen-1+Arean=Valuen-1+[(Samplen+Samplen-1)/2]*T
Therefore during external chest compression, the quadratic integral algorithm of acceleration-displacement can be expressed as：
Acceleration-rate integrating：
Speed-displacement integration：
Wherein, v (i) represents pressing speed, and a (i) represents integrating acceleration, and S (i) represents integral displacement, and T represents sampling
Time interval.
We, with the sampling of acceleration, continuous recursive calculation, can obtain any time by the two formula
Speed and displacement.
But acceleration is vector, during external chest compression, positive acceleration be present there is also negativeacceleration, in reality
In the design of border, many sensor output acceleration informations are all the components for being superimposed gravity acceleration g.
So the acceleration signal obtained in Practical Project measurement, includes the DC error item as caused by various disturbing factors
δ, therefore actually measure obtained acceleration signal and be：
A (t)=f (t)+δ
... formula 6
Above-mentioned acceleration signal is once integrated, the expression formula for obtaining rate signal is：
V (t)=∫ a (t) dt+v0=∫ (f (t)+δ) dt+v0=∫ f (t) dt+ δ t+ ε+v0
... formula 7
Error delta is progressively amplified in integral operation, simultaneously because initial value for integral can not determine, therefore acceleration time domain one
Contain first-order error item in secondary integral result：δt+ε.
The expression formula of displacement signal is obtained by usual quadratic integral：
S (t)=∫ v (t) dt+s0=∫ (∫ f (t) dt+ δ t+ ε+v0)dt+s0
=∫ (∫ f (t) dt) dt+0.5 δ t2+εt+e+v0t+s0
... formula 8
Because error term δ is gradually exaggerated in integral process, cause to occur when once integration obtains displacement signal
First-order error trend term δ t+ ε, occur the δ t of second order error trend term 0.5 when quadratic integral obtains displacement signal2+εt+e.Institute
Second order trend item, single order trend term and DC component are often superimposed with final integrated depth result, its amplitude even can be much
More than useful signal, and carry out with integral process and add up rapidly.
From Fig. 2 it may be seen that using quadratic integral method, the incipient stage, pressing not yet start, system keep
Horizontal stationary, it is seen that obvious single order positive excursion occurs for speed, and obvious second order positive excursion occurs for two displacements.And by pressing off
After beginning, speed is again obvious to occur the drift of second order negative sense.
The signal data collected in testing, because amplifier varies with temperature caused null offset, sensor frequency
Environmental disturbances around the unstable and sensor of the outer low frequency performance of rate scope, often deviate baseline, even deviate from baseline
Size can also change over time.Deviate the trend term that the whole process that baseline changes over time is referred to as signal.Trend term is straight
Connecing influences the correctness of signal, so we will remove it.
It following is a brief introduction of the flow of trend term fitting of a polynomial algorithm：
The acceleration signal obtained according to test, carry out once integration according to trapezoid formula and obtain numerical value rate signal, enter
Row integrates obtained displacement signal twice：
V=(ti,vi) (i=0,1 ... n-1)
S=(ti,si) (i=0,1 ... n-1)
... formula 9
To go out trend term error using least square fitting, it is assumed that there are following polynomial fm(t) with (ti,vi) between
Existing squared difference and minimum：
In formula 10, pkFor multinomial coefficient；It is no more than m multinomial set for most high-order term number.
Following equation is obtained by assumed above：
It can be obtained by formula 11, as long as finding out a system number pkSo that function I gets minimum value, it is possible to it is determined that integration becomes
Gesture item.Due to pkSo that function I gets minimum value, then to function I differentiations in pkIt is its necessary condition that place, which is equal to zero, thus may be used
：
By that to the variation of formula 12, can obtain：
Above-mentioned formula 13 is expressed in matrix as：
It can prove, the coefficient matrix in above-mentioned equation group is positive definite matrix, existence and unique solution, coefficient is solved from above formula
pk, so as to obtain multinomial：
By the calculating of above formula, polynomial f can be obtainedm(t), and then measured acceleration can be obtained under the algorithm
Spend displacement signal s (t) corresponding to signal a (t)：
S (t)=∫ ∫ a (t) dtdt-fm(t)
... formula 16
Summary and derivation more than to the algorithm, obtain " removing the time-domain integration of trend term based on fitting of a polynomial
The handling process of algorithm " is as shown in Figure 3.
Our method is multinomial least square method.
The sampled data of vibration signals measured is { xk(k=1,2,3 ..., n), because sampled data is constant duration
, so sampling time interval Δ t=1 is made, if a polynomial function：
Determine functionEach undetermined coefficient aj(j=0,1 ..., m) so that functionWith discrete data xkError put down
Side and minimum, i.e.,：
The condition that meeting E has extreme value is：
E is taken successively to aiLocal derviation is sought, a m+1 member system of linear equations can be produced：
Solving equations, obtain m+1 undetermined coefficient aj(j=0,1 ..., m).In various above, m is the multinomial of setting
Order, its value scope are 0≤j≤m.
The trend term tried to achieve as m=0 is constant, is had：
Solve equation, obtain：
When m=1 is linear trend item, have：
Solving equations, obtain：
Eliminate linear trend item calculation formula be：
It is curvilinear trend item during m >=2.In actual vibration signal-data processing, generally m=1~3 are taken to come to sampled data
Carry out the processing of polynomial trend item elimination.
We eliminate trend term by least square method, when obtained result collects pressing by anonymous four axle host computers
The data of X-axis, data are stored in text and analyzed for MATLAB, there is direct current point when not pressing, when untreated
The influence of amount, trend term eliminates after processing, and obtained data are more accurate.
2nd, filtering principle：
1) acceleration magnitude, is obtained
When acceleration transducer (ADXL345) initializes, there is G positive acceleration to Z axis, at this moment to subtract one
Individual G acceleration, acceleration of the brief acceleration sensor on Z axis is being initialized as 0 to ensure.
The acceleration magnitude that certain acceleration transducer obtains not is that completely accurately, at this moment we are needed with some calculations
Method improves our data.
2), data smoothing is handled：
We can obtain X, Y, three acceleration of Z-direction by anonymous four axle host computers, but we can see
Many noise signals are often superimposed to the acceleration signal collected, noise signal is except there is 50Hz power frequency machine octave
Outside the interference signal of quasi-periodic, also irregular random interfering signal.Because the frequency band of random interfering signal is wider, sometimes
Radio-frequency component proportion is also very big so that and collect and many burrs are presented on the curve that discrete data plots, it is very rough, be
Weaken the influence of interference signal, oscillating curve smoothness is improved, so we are smoothed to sampled data.
Data smoothing also has a specific use, that is, eliminates the irregular trend item of signal, in test process, survey sometimes
Test instrument is caused the sampled signal of indivedual measuring points to produce and deviates that baseline is larger, and shape, which has, does not advise due to receiving some unexpected interference
Trend term then.Multiple data smoothing can be carried out to this signal with moving average method, it is bent to obtain a smooth trend term
Line, trend term is subtracted with primary signal, that is, eliminates the irregular trend item of signal.
The basic calculating formula of the method for average：
In formula 26, x is sampled data；Y is the result after smoothing processing；M counts for data；2N+1 is averagely counting；h
For the weighted average factor, if regarding formula 26 as a filtering formula, h can also turn into filtering factor.
The weighted average factor must is fulfilled for following formula：
For simple average method hn=1/ (2N-1) (n=0,1,2 ..., N), i.e.,：
For weighted mean method, if making 5 weighted averages (N=2), can use：
Carrying out the method for linear smoothing to discrete data using principle of least square method turns into the linear slide method of average, 5 points
The calculation formula of moving average (N=2) is：
It can be seen that with the increase of smooth number, the peak value of curve can be fewer and fewer, and distortion is even more serious, this be because
For data can cause the peak value in spectral curve to reduce by five-spot triple smoothing, and the bodily form broadens, and causes the error of identification parameter
Increase, therefore smooth number should not be too many.We employ five smothing filterings.
3), software compensation：
After acceleration transducer initialization, after filtering, the value of still not up to some fixations, software compensation module can be taken
It is filtered.
4), time integral constant switches：
Standard external chest compression typically requires to press and discharge ratio generally 1：1, that is, press process time and release time is
1:1, but during manual chest compression, in the case of different rescuers, or the different muscle power of same rescuer, pressing with
The time of chest resilience is all difficult to reach symmetrical, except thorax is the hysteresis property that visco_elastic system causes power-displacement in itself, also has
One reason be exactly pressing and the resilience time it is inconsistent.So by this characteristic, from different time integral constants,
Suitable integral constant is selected in the case of suitable power-Displacement Ratio, reduces error.
5) pressure, is obtained：
The max min of pressure sensor detection pressure and the release of power, with 5 above-mentioned glide filter sides
Method obtains accurate data.
The utility model is a kind of CPR first-aid product for being placed in public arena, for occur drowned, electric shock,
The patient of the accidents such as asphyxia is rescued, and help is not that the deliverer of the medical personnel of specialty faces calmly emergency situations,
Carry out positive, correct CPR to patient in time according to guiding to operate, so as to greatly increase salvage success rate, strive for rescuing
Time, save back critically ill patient.
After tested, the utility model has following performance：
1. acceleration quadratic integral asks displacement error to be less than 0.1cm；
2. the depth feedback bright required time of indicator lamp is less than 0.5s；
3. the flicker of frequency modulation is by feedback control at 100-120 beats/min.
Thus, the technical solution of the utility model has following effect：
(1) auxiliary rescue：
Effectively the deliverer of amateur medical personnel can actively, correctly guide when a. rescuing；
B. pressing position indicates, according to shape of product and operation instruction, can quickly find correct pressing position；
C. according to pressing depth remind, according to pressing depth data visual feedback will be carried out with light color, and pressed effectively (5-6cm)
When, green light band flashes, and red colored lamp band, which flashes, represents that pressing dynamics are overweight, and yellow represents pressing and kicked the beam, and effectively helps deliverer
Pressing dynamics are controlled, patient's pleura, rib are not caused to damage while effectively pressing is kept；
D. compression frequency remind, blue lamp is bright with the frequency of 120 times per minute, is pressed when lamp is bright, effectively improve rescue into
Power.
Certainly, the utility model is elaborated above in association with embodiment, is only to illustrate skill of the present utility model
Art conceives and feature, its object is to allow person skilled in the art to understand content of the present utility model and be carried out, therefore,
All equivalent change or modifications done according to the utility model Spirit Essence, should all cover in the scope of protection of the utility model
It is interior.
Claims (4)
1. CPR aids in pressing pad, it is characterised in that：The pressing pad (1) provides CPR and presses ballast carrier, and with letter
Number software processor (11), according to pressing depth pressure sensor (12), display lamp (13) and the first power unit (14), signal software
Processor (11) connects pressure sensor (12) by the first analog-to-digital conversion interface (111), and signal software processor (11) is logical
After according to pressing depth feedback interface (112) connection, according to pressing depth display lamp (13), signal software processor (11) handle, analyze pressure
The signal that sensor (12) transmits, and feedback data come drive according to pressing depth display lamp (13) it is luminous, thereby to pressing position, depth
Degree, the prompting of frequency；First power unit (14) provides working power.
2. CPR according to claim 1 aids in pressing pad, it is characterised in that：The signal software processor (11)
It is interior that there is software compensation module (113), after acceleration transducer initialization, after filtering, the value of still not up to some fixations, adopt
Software compensation module (113) is taken to be filtered.
3. CPR according to claim 1 or 2 aids in pressing pad, it is characterised in that：The signal software processor
(11) it is the single-chip microcomputer based on STM32 chips structure.
4. CPR according to claim 1 aids in pressing pad, it is characterised in that：The pressing pad (1) is three-layered node
Structure body, filled using healthy cloth as upper strata, middle level using cotton, lower floor uses canvas.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621327888.0U CN206651984U (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | CPR aids in pressing pad |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621327888.0U CN206651984U (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2016-12-06 | CPR aids in pressing pad |
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| CN206651984U true CN206651984U (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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ID=60314387
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107929030A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-20 | 苏州尚领医疗科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to perceive the method and device that pressing is detained during manual chest compression |
| CN109223503A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市智城华业科技有限公司 | Measure method, apparatus, equipment and the storage medium of CPR according to pressing depth |
| CN109830160A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 昆明学院 | A kind of CPR digitization sunykatuib analysis device |
| CN112619065A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-09 | 山东海天智能工程有限公司 | Hand function comprehensive rehabilitation training platform |
| CN113658500A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-16 | 娄底市中心医院 | Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation real-time feedback APP device |
| CN114894354A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-12 | 汕头大学 | Pressure perception feedback device based on surface structure color and deep learning identification method |
| WO2024016909A1 (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | 苏州尚领医疗科技有限公司 | Chest compression feedback method and apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device |
-
2016
- 2016-12-06 CN CN201621327888.0U patent/CN206651984U/en active Active
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107929030A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-20 | 苏州尚领医疗科技有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to perceive the method and device that pressing is detained during manual chest compression |
| CN109223503A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市智城华业科技有限公司 | Measure method, apparatus, equipment and the storage medium of CPR according to pressing depth |
| CN109830160A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-05-31 | 昆明学院 | A kind of CPR digitization sunykatuib analysis device |
| CN109830160B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-04-28 | 昆明学院 | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation data analog analysis device |
| CN112619065A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-04-09 | 山东海天智能工程有限公司 | Hand function comprehensive rehabilitation training platform |
| CN113658500A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-16 | 娄底市中心医院 | Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation real-time feedback APP device |
| CN114894354A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-12 | 汕头大学 | Pressure perception feedback device based on surface structure color and deep learning identification method |
| CN114894354B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-06-13 | 汕头大学 | Pressure sensing feedback device based on surface structural color and deep learning identification method |
| WO2024016909A1 (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-01-25 | 苏州尚领医疗科技有限公司 | Chest compression feedback method and apparatus, storage medium, and electronic device |
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