CN206610788U - A kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, including anode disc, the first vacuum cavity, bellows, the second vacuum cavity, ceramic insulation disk and negative electrode axostylus axostyle, the aluminum shell of first vacuum cavity and the second vacuum cavity and bellows and anode disc passes through Welding and forms a sealing structure by being welded as a whole sealing structure, the ceramic insulation disk and the second vacuum cavity and ceramic insulation disk and negative electrode axostylus axostyle.The negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, the heat of rotating disc is set directly to be radiated laterally by way of heat transfer, the radiating efficiency of X-ray tube can effectively be improved, the size of X-ray tube can be largely reduced simultaneously improving X-ray tube scanning thermal capacity, X-ray tube is met the job requirement of the equipment such as high-end human body tomographic scanner CT, digital X-ray machine DR, industrial tomographic scanner, industry detection defect-detecting equipment and other movement X-ray equipments.

Description

A kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus

Technical field

The utility model belongs to X-ray tube technical field, and in particular to a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus.

Background technology

Ray tube is the vacuum diode of work under high voltages, and hitting metal target surface using high-velocity electrons produces X-ray Vacuum electron device.Include two electrodes：One is filament for launching electronics, and as negative electrode, another is to be used for Receive the target of electron bombardment, be used as anode.Two-stage is sealed in the glass of high vacuum or ceramic package.Two electrodes, It is respectively used to receive the target of electron bombardment and the filament of launching electronics.The glass or ceramics that the two poles of the earth are sealed in high vacuum are outer In shell.X-ray tube power pack, which is comprised at least, has a low-tension supply for making filament heating and one to apply high voltage to the two poles of the earth High pressure generator.When tungsten filament by enough electric currents makes its produce electron cloud, and there is enough voltage (kilovolt grade) to be added in Between anode and negative electrode so that electron cloud is pull towards anode.Now electronics hits tungsten target with the state of high energy and high speed, and high-velocity electrons are arrived Up to target surface, motion is prevented from suddenly, and the sub-fraction of its kinetic energy is just converted into radiation energy, is released in the form of X-ray, with this The radiation that the form of kind is produced is referred to as bremsstrahlung.The temperature of filament and the transmitting of electronics can be changed by changing the size of heater current Amount, so as to change the size of tube current and X-ray intensity.Change X-ray tube excitation potential or can be changed from different targets The energy of incident X-rays or the intensity at different-energy.Due to being bombarded by high energy electron, temperature is very high when X-ray tube works, Need to carry out pressure cooling to anode target material.Although the energy efficiency that X-ray tube produces X-ray is very low, current, The still most practical X-ray emitter part of X-ray tube, has been widely used for X-ray quasi-instrument.Current medical application is main It is divided into diagnostic tube and treatment X-ray tube.

Requirement to X-ray tube is that focus is small, and intensity is big, to form larger power density.Therefore, it must be supplied on anode To than larger power, but the efficiency of X-ray tube is very low, and more than 99% beam power turns into anode heat consumption, and makes focal spot Overheat.The method for avoiding anode from overheating is to take anode or pipe the cooling of different modes, to reduce the temperature at focal spot, or Target surface is set to tilt certain angle, to provide larger area of dissipation.There is rotating anode X-ray tube again afterwards, because target surface revolves at a high speed Turn (up to 10000 revs/min), it is allowed to which power density is high, focus is small.There is one kind between anode target surface and negative electrode equipped with control in modern times The X-ray tube of grid processed, applies impulse modulation on the control gate, to control the output of X-ray.Change pulse width and repeat frequency Rate, you can adjustment timing repeated exposure.

Existing X-ray tube is either applied on Medical Devices or applied on industrial detecting devices, its structure All be relative by fixed or rotation anode disc and the negative electrode equipped with filament, be encapsulated in the glass shell of a vacuum or It is, to electron beam is sent after cathode filament making alive, to bombard in a vacuum cavity being made up of glass, ceramics and metal On anode disc, X-ray is formed, projects, is radiated on tested human body or object, the X-ray tube of such a structure from anode sides Its negative electrode is all fixed, and anode is the structure for rotating target surface.

The amount of heat that X-ray tube is produced when working passes through true by rotating anode target dish structure by way of heat radiation Cavity body is dispersed into outside X-ray tube.This radiating mode efficiency is very low, largely have impact on the work effect of X-ray tube Rate and working life.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, makes rotation The heat for turning anode disc is directly radiated laterally by way of heat transfer, can effectively improve the radiating efficiency of X-ray tube, The size of X-ray tube can be largely reduced improving X-ray tube scanning thermal capacity simultaneously.

To achieve the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme：A kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, bag Anode disc, the first vacuum cavity, bellows, the second vacuum cavity, ceramic insulation disk, negative electrode axostylus axostyle and cathode filament is included to fix The aluminum shell of device, first vacuum cavity and the second vacuum cavity and bellows and anode disc is by being welded as one Body sealing structure, the ceramic insulation disk is welded with the second vacuum cavity and ceramic insulation disk with negative electrode axostylus axostyle by soldering Connect to form a sealing structure so that rotating disc, the cathode filament fixing device is arranged on the sky on the inside of negative electrode axostylus axostyle In chamber, and filament is installed in cathode filament fixing device, can together be rotated with anode disc is turned, whole X-ray tube is set It is placed in cooling oil, bellows is bent by the fixing device in pipe sleeve so that the electron beam direction of the launch is directed at hitting for target surface edge Hit inclined-plane.

It is preferred that, the cathode filament fixing device includes cathode filament bearing and line cover.

It is preferred that, first vacuum cavity and the second vacuum cavity are aluminum shell.

It is preferred that, first vacuum cavity, the second vacuum cavity, ceramic insulation disk and negative electrode axostylus axostyle are formed each other Integrated sealed vacuum cavity.

It is preferred that, the side of the anode disc is provided with equidistant at least provided with eight groups of radiating slotted eyes.

It is preferred that, first vacuum cavity is provided with the convex round edge being inwardly easily installed matched with inside diameter of bel.

It is preferred that, the bellows is the welding bellows being welded by the ultra-thin titanium ferrule piece superposition of multi-disc

Technique effect of the present utility model and advantage：The negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, make the heat of rotating disc Directly radiated laterally by way of heat transfer, can effectively improve the radiating efficiency of X-ray tube, swept improving X-ray tube Thermal capacity is retouched while the size of X-ray tube can largely be reduced, X-ray tube is met high-end human body tomographic scan The equipment such as instrument CT, digital X-ray machine DR, industrial tomographic scanner, industry detection defect-detecting equipment and other movement X-ray equipments Job requirement.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is off working state sectional view of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is cross-sectional operational views of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is broken away view of the present utility model；

Fig. 4 is stereogram of the present utility model.

In figure：1 anode disc, 2 first vacuum cavities, 3 bellowss, 4 second vacuum cavities, 5 ceramic insulation disks, 6 negative electrodes Axostylus axostyle, 7 cathode filament fixing devices.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is carried out Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made The every other embodiment obtained, belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.

The utility model provides a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus as Figure 1-4, including anode disc 1, the One vacuum cavity 2, bellows 3, the second vacuum cavity 4, ceramic insulation disk 5, negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 and cathode filament fixing device 7, sun The side of pole target disc 1 is provided with equidistant at least provided with eight groups of radiating slotted eyes, and the radiating slotted eye can accelerate radiating rate, cathode modulation Wire fixing device 7 includes cathode filament bearing and line cover, and the first vacuum cavity 2 and the second vacuum cavity 4 are aluminum shell, and The aluminum shell of first vacuum cavity 2 and the second vacuum cavity 4 and bellows 3 and anode disc 1 passes through being welded as a whole Sealing structure, the first vacuum cavity 2 is provided with the convex round edge being inwardly easily installed matched with the internal diameter of bellows 3, convex circle While the quick location and installation of the first vacuum cavity 2 is enabled in the inside of bellows 3, and with good sealing function；Ceramics The vacuum cavity 4 of insulating disc 5 and second and ceramic insulation disk 5 form a sealing structure with negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 by Welding, First vacuum cavity 2, the second vacuum cavity 4, ceramic insulation disk 5 and negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 form integrated sealed true each other Cavity body so that rotating disc 1, the cathode filament fixing device 7 is arranged in the cavity of the inner side of negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6, and Filament is installed in cathode filament fixing device 7, can together be rotated with anode disc is turned, whole X-ray tube is arranged at cold But in oil, bellows is bent by the fixing device in pipe sleeve so that the shock inclined-plane at electron beam direction of the launch alignment target surface edge.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model is in off working state, anode disc 1 of the present utility model, the first vacuum cavity 2nd, bellows 3, the second vacuum cavity 4, ceramic insulation disk 5 and the one closed vacuum cavity of formation of negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6；During work, Whole cavity can rotate with rotary anode.(it includes the moon with cathode filament fixing device 7 for the vacuum chamber side of negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 Pole filament bearing and line cover) connection, filament is mounted therein with, filament is in solenoid shape, and the conductive pole in negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 is supplied Electricity, line cover plays a protective role to the filament, while direction and the shape of electron beam are controlled, when the utility model is installed to In use, bellows 3 is bent by the fixing device in pipe sleeve in pipe sleeve so that electron beam direction of the launch alignment anode disc 1 side The shock inclined-plane of edge, as shown in Fig. 2 making the electron concentration fasciculation of the filament transmitting fly to anode disc.

As shown in Fig. 2 the utility model is in working condition, the filament is powered by the conductive pole in negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 Heat temperature raising to a certain degree after, produce free electron simultaneously converge around it, when to the two poles of the earth provide high-tension electricity when, its filament passes through Negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 be connected on the negative electrode of high voltage power supply-, the end of anode disc 1 be connected on the anode of high voltage power supply+, and the first vacuum Cavity 2, bellows 3, the second vacuum cavity 4 are casing part grounding, and the potential between negative electrode and anode increases suddenly, in active The free electron of state, is attracted, the sun of bundles of electronics in a vacuum with high speed from negative electrode into rotation by strong Pole target disc 1 flies, and the anode disc 1 is bombarded, the X-ray formed is projected by X-ray window of tube, anode disc 1 Housing can be directly transferred to and be delivered in cooling oil by producing substantial amounts of heat, substantially increase the radiating efficiency of X-ray tube.

Whole vacuum cavity rotates with turning anode disc together simultaneously, electron beam is bombarded in the oblique of anode disc 1 The different parts in face, improve the service life of anode disc 1.Negative electrode axostylus axostyle 6 is acted on by the axostylus axostyle fixing device in pipe sleeve The axis formation certain angle of lower and target surface, bellows 3 is bent (in the deformation range of bellows) so that whole vacuum chamber When body rotates, the beam direction of cathode filament transmitting keeps geo-stationary, the position of beam bombardment target surface 1 is also to maintain Geo-stationary, so that the focus for ensureing X-ray is also relatively-stationary.

Bellows 3 of the present utility model is the welding bellows being welded by the ultra-thin titanium ferrule piece superposition of multi-disc, it With good flexility and anti-fatigue performance, it can guarantee that the body of bellows 3 maintains certain deformation while rotation, together When ensure vacuum cavity sealing property.

Finally it should be noted that：Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, this is not limited to Utility model, although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art For, it can still modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or to which part technical characteristic Equivalent substitution is carried out, all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., It should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus, including anode disc (1), the first vacuum cavity (2), bellows (3), second Vacuum cavity (4), ceramic insulation disk (5), negative electrode axostylus axostyle (6) and cathode filament fixing device (7), it is characterised in that：Described The aluminum shell of one vacuum cavity (2) and the second vacuum cavity (4) and bellows (3) and anode disc (1) is by being welded as Integrated sealing structure, the ceramic insulation disk (5) and the second vacuum cavity (4) and ceramic insulation disk (5) and negative electrode axostylus axostyle (6) by Welding one sealing structure of formation, the cathode filament fixing device (7) is arranged on the inside of negative electrode axostylus axostyle (6) Cavity in, and cathode filament fixing device (7) in filament is installed.

2. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cathode filament is fixed Device (7) includes cathode filament bearing and line cover.

3. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First vacuum cavity (2) and the second vacuum cavity (4) be aluminum shell.

4. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First vacuum cavity (2), the second vacuum cavity (4), ceramic insulation disk (5) and negative electrode axostylus axostyle (6) form integrated sealed vacuum chamber each other Body.

5. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anode disc (1) Side is provided with equidistant at least provided with eight groups of radiating slotted eyes.

6. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First vacuum cavity (2) provided with the convex round edge being inwardly easily installed matched with bellows (3) internal diameter.

7. a kind of negative electrode tilting X-ray apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bellows (3) be by The welding bellows that the ultra-thin titanium ferrule piece superposition of multi-disc is welded.