Utility model content
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of internal resistance balance module of accumulator monitoring equipment, solves
The chemical constituent and history run of each cell in existing batteries are different, cause battery because seriously overcharging or owing
Fill and initial failure occur, the problem of reducing service life, influence whole group battery reliability.
The utility model is the technical scheme adopted is that a kind of internal resistance balance module of accumulator monitoring equipment, including stores
Battery pack, cell voltage channel switching circuit, A/D wave filtering circuits, balanced discharge circuit, electric power management circuit, at CPU
Manage unit, RS485 communicating circuits, logic control circuit, charge/discharge control circuit, battery current channel switching circuit;No. 1-No. 12
Battery batteries in series, often save battery and switch respectively with cell voltage channel switching circuit and battery current passage
Circuit is connected, cell voltage channel switching circuit, A/D wave filtering circuits, CPU processing units, logic control circuit and electric discharge
Control circuit is sequentially connected, and charge/discharge control circuit is connected with battery current channel switching circuit, and CPU processing units are put with balanced
Circuit is connected, and balanced discharge circuit is connected with cell voltage channel switching circuit;CPU processing units are logical with cell voltage respectively
Road switching circuit, the connection of battery current channel switching circuit, CPU processing units are connected by electric power management circuit and batteries
Connect, CPU processing units are connected with RS485 communicating circuits;The charge/discharge control circuit is by comparator, metal-oxide-semiconductor, power resistor group
Into, the 3rd pin of comparator is reference voltage, and the 2nd pin of comparator is feedback voltage, the 1st pin of comparator by resistance R14 with
Metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected, and metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with power resistor R21;In parallel with electric capacity C1, electric capacity C5 one after electric capacity C3 and electric capacity C4 series connection
The other end ground connection in parallel with electric capacity C1, electric capacity C5, electric capacity after 4th pin of end connection comparator, electric capacity C3 and electric capacity C4 series connection
2nd pin of C3 and electric capacity C4 series connection Node connectedness comparator.
It is of the present utility model to be further characterized in that, further, the model TLV2374ID of comparator, the model of metal-oxide-semiconductor
IRFS3207。
Further, the A/D wave filtering circuits include the outer chip of piece and analog-digital converter, the model of the outer chip of piece
TLC2543。
Further, the CPU processing units use model STM32F103 processor.
Further, the light metal-oxide-semiconductor model AB26S that the cell voltage channel switching circuit is used.
Further, the cell voltage channel switching circuit, A/D wave filtering circuits, balanced discharge circuit, power supply pipe
Reason circuit, CPU processing units, RS485 communicating circuits are arranged on the printed circuit board of upper strata;Logic control circuit, control of discharge
Circuit, battery current channel switching circuit are arranged on lower floor's printed circuit board.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:The utility model is changed by the voltage change and internal resistance for detecting battery,
Capacity and the life-span for judging battery can be analyzed by longitudinal direction contrast, so that it is guaranteed that the reliable fortune of whole DC power-supply system
OK.Mobile state adjustment can be entered to the voltage of whole group battery using balanced discharge circuit, it is ensured that the voltage per batteries all exists
Within one average range, the reliability of whole group battery is improved.
PCB (printed circuit board) of the present utility model is using two layers of design, cell voltage channel switching circuit, A/D
Wave filtering circuit, balanced discharge circuit, electric power management circuit, CPU processing units, RS485 communicating circuits are arranged on upper strata print
On circuit board processed;Logic control circuit, charge/discharge control circuit, battery current channel switching circuit are arranged on lower floor's printed circuit board
On;Lower floor's printed circuit board super-high-current, upper strata printed circuit board is used for Collection and processing, the separated design of levels
The anti-interference and harmony of module can be strengthened, lower floor PCB has fever phenomenon when module is discharged, so in housing
Lower section or so be provided with radiator structure.Simple in construction, attractive in appearance, easy for installation, heat dissipation design of the present utility model is reasonable.
No. 1-No. 12 batteries batteries in series in the utility model, often save battery logical with cell voltage respectively
Road switching circuit and the connection of battery current channel switching circuit, the principle switched one by one using battery, save number of terminals, from
And the structural volume of whole device can be reduced, allow entirety to seem more to coordinate attractive in appearance, later stage scene can also be reduced in addition
Workmen's workload.Terminal connections interface is left in two sides of device, and the left side is voltage switching terminal and the electric discharge of battery
Current switching terminal, back is power supply terminal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the utility model embodiment, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is carried out
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made
The every other embodiment obtained, belongs to the scope of the utility model protection.
Structure of the present utility model, as shown in figure 1, being adopted including batteries 1, cell voltage channel switching circuit 2, A/D
Sample filter circuit 3, balanced discharge circuit 4, electric power management circuit 5, CPU processing units 6, RS485 communicating circuits 7, logic control
Circuit 8, charge/discharge control circuit 9, battery current channel switching circuit 10;Batteries 1 include No. 1-No. 12 battery, No. 1-
The series connection of No. 12 batteries, often save battery respectively with cell voltage channel switching circuit 2 and battery current channel switching circuit 10
Connection, cell voltage channel switching circuit 2, A/D wave filtering circuits 3, CPU processing units 6, logic control circuit 8 and electric discharge
Control circuit 9 is sequentially connected, and charge/discharge control circuit 9 is connected with battery current channel switching circuit 10, CPU processing units 6 with it is equal
Weighing apparatus discharge circuit 4 is connected, and balanced discharge circuit 4 is connected with cell voltage channel switching circuit 2;CPU processing units 6 respectively with electricity
Cell voltage channel switching circuit 2, battery current channel switching circuit 10 are connected, and CPU processing units 6 pass through electric power management circuit 5
It is connected with batteries 1, CPU processing units 6 are connected with RS485 communicating circuits 7.
Cell voltage channel switching circuit 2:The method for circulating incision sampling using single-unit can measure batteries 1 simultaneously
In 12 section batteries internal resistance and voltage, on implementing or one saves and carrys out survey calculation;The switching principle of voltage is
The battery tension to be measured is switched in by simultaneously turning on two light metal-oxide-semiconductors, remaining light metal-oxide-semiconductor keeps cut-off shape
State;And can only once there is section battery incision, otherwise easily cause short circuit and burn out device.Needed during measurement accumulator internal resistance
The a certain section battery to be measured is discharged, the principle for switching of discharging is identical with voltage switching principle, only passes through
Two relays of adhesive, because the electric current that electric discharge needs is big, use relay come what is realized simultaneously.The light metal-oxide-semiconductor type of use
Number be TaiWan, China AB26S, its conducting electric current 2A, voltage 35V, it is sufficient to meet demand, wherein enter A/D chip signal be
The differential signal of both threads, this 12 section battery is accomplished by the positive pole after switching and is connected to AD positive input terminals, and negative pole switches to AD's
Negative input end, and a section battery can only be switched every time, other batteries will ensure to disconnect, software control switching collection electricity
The flow of pressure is that switching one saves the section battery of battery collection one, after the voltage acquisition of the section battery is complete, the section battery
Positive pole is again as the negative pole of lower section battery, by that analogy, the complete group voltage of collection.Equilibrium is also in this way, when calculating whole group
When the voltage of one section battery is minimum, it is switched to the section battery and is charged, when calculating certain section battery tension highest, cuts
The section battery is changed to be discharged.
As shown in figure 3, charge/discharge control circuit 9 is made up of high speed, the comparator of low noise, metal-oxide-semiconductor, power resistor, compare
3rd pin of device is reference voltage, and the 2nd pin of comparator is feedback voltage, and the 1st pin of comparator passes through resistance R14 and metal-oxide-semiconductor
One end in parallel with electric capacity C1, electric capacity C5 be connected the 4th pin of comparator after connection, electric capacity C3 and electric capacity C4 series connection, electric capacity C3 with
The other end ground connection in parallel with electric capacity C1, electric capacity C5 after electric capacity C4 series connection, electric capacity C3 and electric capacity C4 series connection Node connectedness compare
2nd pin of device;Due to the characteristic of amplifier, the electric current for flowing through metal-oxide-semiconductor is maintained at a constant current value, put if to change
Electric size of current, then only need to change the pin voltage of comparator the 3rd;Because metal-oxide-semiconductor is operated under on off state, to whole
Signal is mingled with many interference signals, in the design, allows metal-oxide-semiconductor to be operated in linear zone, and whole charge/discharge control circuit 9 constitutes one
Adjustable linear resistance, the signal interference so produced is minimum.The metal-oxide-semiconductor model IRFS3207 of selection, packing forms are TO-
262, maximum conducting electric current is 75V, and maximum conducting electric current is 180A, and this encapsulation can effectively radiate, if using TO-220
Also need to additionally increase fin, that is, increase cost increases volume again.
A/D wave filtering circuits 3:A/D wave filtering circuits 3 are using the outer chip TLC2543 of piece, 12 bit resolutions, work
Scope is 0-5V, and SPI interface, 8 road ALT-CH alternate channels, conversion speed 200K/S, conversion accuracy is high, strong interference immunity;Complete to D/A
The functions, analog-to-digital conversion such as output control, the sampling of A/D sampling modules, algorithm, data processing number, the Communication processing of modular converter
Device completes to sample to battery tension, internal resistance etc. using 12 TLC2543AD sampling A/D chips of TI companies, data processing algorithm tool
There are the functions such as mean algorithm, least square method, data transfer uses spi bus mode, and RS485 communicating circuits 7 connect with host computer
Connect, the battery information that A/D wave filtering circuits 3 are collected is uploaded to host computer.
To make the signal that AD samples meet TLC2543 requirement, forward path processing should be carried out to input signal, to it is preceding to
The voltage signal amplitude range of passage battery two ends output is nursed one's health, amplifies and obtain meeting TLC2543 sample range signals.
To ensure gamut measurement accuracy, analog channel uses component journey signal condition, programmable operational amplifier control.
CPU processing units 6:Processor is used as using the STM32F103 of STMicw Electronics;CPU processing units 6 are used to control
Cell voltage channel switching circuit 2, the voltage of switching flows into A/D wave filtering circuits 3, and CPU processing units 6 are read by sequential
The transformation result of A/D chips is taken, the voltage data and internal resistance data of final batteries 1 are obtained by software filtering algorithm,
And these data are passed to host computer by RS485 communicating circuits 7.When host computer is issued by RS485 communicating circuits 7
Weigh after test command, CPU processing units 6 are by single battery voltage of sampling, and dynamic order, to minimum and maximum voltage
Battery carries out corresponding discharge and recharge, and the balance of voltage of whole group battery is realized by long-term equalization function.STM32F103RBt6
The chip of processor has on 256K pieces RAM on Flash, 32K piece, and the speed of service is 72MHz, and supply district is 2.0-3.6V, interior
A/D sampling modules on portion 8M RC oscillators, 3 12 bit slices, conversion range is 0-3.6V, 2 12 D/A modular converters, 12
Channel DMA controller;Most 11 timers, 2 IIC control interfaces, 5 road asynchronous serial port communications, 3 road SPI interfaces;All the way
CAN interface, all the way USB interface, all the way SD interface.
RS485 communicating circuits 7:It is half duplex communication, host computer and A/D is realized by software communication agreement MODBUS
The communication of wave filtering circuit 3 and data exchange;RS485 communicating circuits 7 need electrical isolation, with accumulation function, due to being
The signal to noise ratio of system is relatively poor, mainly white noise, so noise can be suppressed using the cumulative method being averaged of multi collect,
Improve signal to noise ratio.
Balanced discharge circuit 4:Charged by the dc source battery minimum to voltage, while the battery to maximum voltage
Discharged, electric discharge is to be used as load by a discharge resistance to be discharged;Equilibrium is a long term, realizes whole group electricity
The balance of voltage effect in pond.By taking 12V battery packs as an example, charging be the voltage conversion of whole group for 15V or so voltage to voltage
Low battery is charged, limited leakage resistance in certain circuit, and general is exactly 0.5A or so;Electric discharge is that voltage in battery pack is high
Battery cut into be discharged by another resistance, discharge current is also about 0.5A.
Electric power management circuit 5:This module gives module self-powered using battery pack, so as to reduce the exchange or straight of external introducing
Flowing inside power supply, device has DCDC modules, the power supply of battery pack can be converted to 5V and 12V that light current can be used
Voltage, in addition the present apparatus reduction Overall Power Consumption is take into account in the design phase, it is controlled using CPU to some no functions
Shut-off output waits to need to say the word again when opening allowing its work to reduce power consumption.
Battery current channel switching circuit 10:Because module needs to release about 6A or so electricity when measuring accumulator internal resistance
Stream, the voltage commutation circuit on upper strata is held by the way of the switching of light metal-oxide-semiconductor can't stand so big electric current, so being accomplished by lower floor
Gone have switched with miniature relay, the advantage of relay is that cost is low, and the electric current flowed through is big.When equipment starts in test battery
During resistance, CPU processing units 6 send the corresponding relay of order switching, and the negative pole of corresponding battery is switched to control of discharge electricity
On the ground on road 9, the positive pole for anode being switched to charge/discharge control circuit 9;CPU processing units 6 just send and put after the completion of switching
Electric order charge/discharge control circuit 9 starts electric discharge.The switching principle of actual internal resistance and voltage all, is ensuring that the electricity after switching
Pond both positive and negative polarity is consistent with sample circuit with discharge circuit.
The utility model is changed by the voltage change and internal resistance for detecting battery, and longitudinal direction contrast, which can be analyzed, to be judged to store
The capacity of battery and life-span, the reliability service of whole DC power-supply system is ensured that, utilize the equilibrium of balanced discharge circuit 4
Function, the voltage of whole group battery can be entered Mobile state adjustment, it is ensured that per batteries voltage all an average range with
It is interior, improve the reliability of whole group battery.
PCB (printed circuit board) of the present utility model is used for small letter using two layers of design, lower floor's super-high-current, upper strata
Number collection and handle.Wherein include in the circuit module of upper layout layer:Cell voltage channel switching circuit 2, A/D sampling filters electricity
Road 3, balanced discharge circuit 4, electric power management circuit 5, CPU processing units 6, RS485 communicating circuits 7;The circuit mould of lower layout layer
Block includes:Logic control circuit 8, charge/discharge control circuit 9, battery current channel switching circuit 10.The separated design energy of levels
Enough strengthen the anti-interference and harmony of module, lower floor PCB has fever phenomenon when module is discharged, so in housing
Lower section or so is provided with radiator structure.Simple in construction, attractive in appearance, easy for installation, heat dissipation design of the present utility model is reasonable.
Operation principle of the present utility model:
A/D wave filtering circuits 3 produce a string of standard sine waves and are carried in instrument discharge control terminal first, make batteries
1 two ends produce a sine voltage signal;Test signal is then fed into treatment channel before AD, entered by filtering off direct current signal
Row filtering, amplification, bias treatment, meet the requirement of AD sampled signals.The analog signal of input is converted into number by analog-digital converter
Word signal, the processing of signal is completed by CPU processing units 6, internal resistance value is calculated.According to Ohm's law, the internal resistance of batteries 1
The current differential of voltage difference/change of R=changes, the internal resistance of measurement more piece battery is exactly to be surveyed by switching light metal-oxide-semiconductor
The internal resistance value of a certain section of amount correspondence.
It is varied from view of battery conductance under different working conditions, different environment temperatures, battery is surveyed
, be under same working condition in examination, environment temperature uses the method that gauge internal is compensated, and is so more beneficial for accurate judgement
The health status of battery.In design, many factors of influence battery conductance are considered as an entirety by we, outside identical
Tested under the conditions of portion, the state-of-charge to assess battery can so ensure the uniformity of test result.Measuring method is
U-I methods, measure the open-circuit voltage U of battery first0, i.e. then its electromotive force, give a load, measure its electric current passed through
The I and voltage U loaded1, the internal resistance R=(U of battery0-U1)/I;Such as Fig. 2;
Due to battery it is unloaded when, electromotive force can promptly go up, and cause that measuring result error is big, poor repeatability, pass through
Our substantial amounts of experiments, with reference to general principle formula, we are made in whole test process by the way of a variety of discharge currents,
Battery is always at working condition, so can be very good to suppress the measurement error that concentration polarization nuclear power chemical reaction is brought.
Battery is detected using conductivity test method, it is necessary to there are enough measurement accuracy to meet maintenance needs, thus, it is desirable to opposite end electricity
The change of pressure and flow through battery two ends current measurement it is accurate.In order to meet test request, we use in hardware circuit
The technologies such as filter integration, programming amplifying, employ a variety of filtering algorithms in software.
Because the dynamic range of measured signal is than larger (0.01~500mV), and it is mingled with many high frequencies and power frequency is dry
Signal is disturbed, such signal is not filtered, amplification is difficult to ensure that measurement accuracy, therefore signal transacting is to obtain accurate measurement
Key.Generally, the AC signal at battery two ends is very faint, and noise and signal together export, while through putting
Big device is also together exaggerated, it is necessary to which the signal go-on-go of flooding noise is simultaneously accumulated, is averaged and kept, and makes signal intensity gradually
Enhancing;In this process, because noise is random, irregular, meeting is less and less after the superposition of certain time is average,
Near balancing out, so, signal to noise ratio can significantly improve, so that signal go-on-go is come out from noise.
It should be noted that herein, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to non-row
His property is included, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of key elements not only include those key elements, and
And also including other key elements being not expressly set out, or also include for this process, method, article or equipment institute inherently
Key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including institute
Also there is other identical element in process, method, article or the equipment of stating key element.
Preferred embodiment of the present utility model is the foregoing is only, protection model of the present utility model is not intended to limit
Enclose.All any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made within spirit of the present utility model and principle etc., are all contained in this reality
With in new protection domain.