CN206481985U - The expanding apparatus of double expanded heads - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of expanding apparatus of double expanded heads, including hopper, the anti-block apparatus being arranged in hopper, the expanding apparatus for being arranged on feed hopper bottom outlet are set, it is characterized in that：Expanding apparatus include be symmetricly set on hopper both sides expanded spiral, be arranged in expanded spiral screw rod, be arranged on the driving machine of screw rod input, the Builking cavity being arranged on screw rod, the expanded head for being separately positioned on expanded both helical ends discharging opening, feeding cylinder, both sides Builking cavity it is in opposite direction, form Builking cavity between expanded spiral and Builking cavity；The adjusting apparatus for being used for compensating expanded spiral wear gap is provided between expanded housing and expanded head.Using the expanding apparatus for the double expanded heads for being distributed in intermediate transmission chain both sides, the axial force at two ends is effectively offset in puffing process, make puffing process more smooth, improve processing efficiency, stalk can be processed into soft trickle flocculence feed, nutrition is set not to be damaged, and the utilization rate of feed is increased substantially.

Description

The expanding apparatus of double expanded heads

Technical field

The utility model is related to feed manufacturing machine technical field, more particularly to a kind of expanding apparatus of double expanded heads.

Background technology

China's agricultural straw resource enriches, and effectively utilizes means due to lacking, substantial amounts of stalk resource is not had for a long time Have and reasonably developed.With the development of herding cause, rear cattle, sheep, the specialist of deer increase year by year, to feed Demand also increase, especially in the winter time green grass shortage time.Conventional animal husbandry is to the usual use ensiling of straw feed, ammonification With the roughage after fermentation process as livestocks such as the oxen and horses.Although the conventional method of this working process stalk is continued to use for many years extremely The present, but there is also time length, take up an area that many efficiency are low, technological parameter is difficult to control to and the deficiency such as cost height, need into One step is improved.Also useful machinery is by the broken rear nursing of Straw Kneading in recent years, and this kind of feed is due to relatively rough livestock grazing rate and suction Yield all than relatively low, causes feed waste many, and livestock weightening is slow, is limited popularization.Stalk belongs to natural plant fibre, through expanded The skin of stalk is separated with flesh afterwards, forms open structure.Existing agricultural crop straw bulking machine is mainly expanded with single screw rod, generation Axial force is larger, when working long hours, and not only makes main shaft service life reduction, screw rod can be also caused to the movement of expanded head opposite direction and outer Shell produces larger gap, causes stalk fibre expanded not exclusively, reduces expansion effect.In view of disadvantages described above, is necessary to carry in fact For a kind of improved straw bulking device to overcome drawbacks described above.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a kind of expanded mechanism of novel straw feed, using being distributed in intermediate transmission chain both sides The axial force at two ends is effectively offset in the expanding apparatus of double expanded heads, puffing process, makes puffing process more smooth, improves Stalk, can be processed into soft trickle flocculence feed, nutrition is not damaged by processing efficiency, and the utilization rate of feed Increase substantially.

The utility model solves the technical scheme that is used of technical problem：The expanding apparatus of this pair of expanded head includes setting Hopper, the anti-block apparatus being arranged in hopper, the expanding apparatus for being arranged on feed hopper bottom outlet, are characterized in that：Expanded dress Put including be symmetricly set on hopper both sides expanded spiral, be arranged in expanded spiral screw rod, be arranged on screw rod input Driving machine, the Builking cavity being arranged on screw rod, the expanded head for being separately positioned on expanded both helical ends discharging opening, it is arranged on expanded head On discharging opening be vertically arranged feeding cylinder, both sides Builking cavity it is in opposite direction, form expanded between expanded spiral and Builking cavity Chamber；The adjusting apparatus for being used for compensating expanded spiral wear gap is provided between expanded housing and expanded head.

It is raised provided with the spiral helicine guide corresponding with the groove on expanded spiral in the expanded housing.

The beneficial effects of the utility model：The opposite expanded spiral of the hand of spiral is symmetrical arranged on screw rod, is effectively offset swollen The axial out-of-balance force produced during change, improves the life-span of main shaft.Meanwhile, adjusting apparatus be arranged on expanded head and housing it Between, the wearing clearance of expanded spiral is compensated for, maintenance cost is not only reduced, and downtime is reduced, carry indirectly High production efficiency.The feed processed is soft fine, and livestock love is eaten, and grazing rate reaches 100%.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the isometric side structure schematic view of the utility model machining center；

Fig. 2 is the front view structure view of the utility model machining center；

Fig. 3 is the expanding apparatus main structure diagram of the utility model machining center；

Fig. 4 is the isometric side structure schematic view of the utility model baked component；

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model pressure release component；

Fig. 6 is the operation principle schematic diagram of the utility model pressure release component；

Fig. 7 is Learning Control Method flow chart of the present utility model；

Fig. 8 is Learning Control Method structured flowchart of the present utility model.

Description of reference numerals：

In Fig. 1：1 charging aperture, 2 once cut up with a hay cutter pressure device, 3 watering devices, 4 feeding-passage components, 5 two hand hay cutter pressure devices, 6 swollen Makeup is put, 7 tapping channel components, 8 bacterium solution flushers, 9 packing apparatus, 10 discharging openings；

In Fig. 2：11 hand hay cutter pressure device outlets, 12 conveying rollers, 13 baffle plates, 14 driving machine bases, 15 driving machines, 16 bases, 17 Support, 18 driving chains, 19 feedings cylinder, 20 hoppers, 21 feeding-passage module outlets, 22 pan feeding supports；

In Fig. 3：23 anti-block apparatus, 24 support bases, 25 screw rods, 26 expanded discharging openings, 27 expanded heads, 28 Builking cavities, 29 Expanded spiral, 30 Builking cavity entrances；

In Fig. 4：It is 4 anti-block apparatus, 15 driving machines, 18 driving chains, 20 hoppers, 25 screw rods, 26 expanded discharging openings, 28 swollen Change chamber, 29 expanded spirals, 31 adjusting apparatus.

In Fig. 5：32 driving machines, 33 vortex fans, 34 seal closures, 35 filter screens, 36 main pipes, 37 secondary conduits, 38 pressure release groups Part, 39 filter clothes, 40 main pipe exhaust outlets, 41 filtrate containers, 42 secondary conduits exhaust outlets.

Embodiment

Content of the present utility model is described in detail by specific embodiment below in conjunction with Fig. 1 ~ 8.The straw bulking feed adds Work center includes pan feeding component, baked component and discharge component.Wherein, pan feeding component includes the once hand hay cutter provided with charging aperture 1 Pressure device 2, be arranged on hand hay cutter pressure device outlet 11 feeding-passage component 4, be arranged in feeding-passage component watering device 3, It is arranged on the secondary hand hay cutter pressure device 5 of feeding-passage module outlet 21.Feeding-passage component 4 is that feeding end to discharge end is inclined upwardly Carry baffle plate conveying roller, conveyer belt fixed in the horizontal plane by pan feeding support 22.

Baked component include be arranged on feeding-passage module outlet hopper 20, be arranged in hopper anti-block apparatus 23, The expanding apparatus 6 of feed hopper bottom outlet is arranged on, expanding apparatus 6 is spacing in branch by being fixed on expanded housing bottom support base 24 On frame 17, support 17 is arranged on base 16, and base 16 is fixed in the horizontal plane.Anti-block apparatus 23 includes being horizontally set on hopper Interior material toggling axle（It is unmarked in figure）And the spacing material toggling blade on material toggling axle, material toggling axle（It is unmarked in figure）Input It is attached to driving machine 15.

Expanding apparatus includes the expanded housing for being symmetricly set on the tubular of hopper both sides（It is unmarked in figure）, be arranged on it is expanded Screw rod 25 in housing, the driving machine 15 being connected by driving chain 18 with the input of screw rod 25, be arranged on it is swollen on screw rod Change spiral 29, be separately positioned on expanded first the 27 of expanded housing two ends discharging opening, be arranged on it is vertical on expanded head discharging opening 26 The feeding cylinder 19 of setting, in opposite direction, the formation Builking cavity 28 between expanded housing and expanded spiral 29, material of the expanded spiral in both sides The discharging opening of bucket bottom is connected with Builking cavity entrance 30, and driving machine 15 is by driving machine base 14 to fix in the horizontal plane.

Discharge component includes being arranged on the tapping channel component 7 of expanding apparatus feeding cylinder discharge end, is arranged on tapping channel Bacterium solution flusher 8 on component, the packing apparatus 9 provided with discharging opening 10 for being arranged on tapping channel module outlet end, discharging Channel components 7 include the conveying roller 12 with baffle plate 13.

Whole strain stalk is sent into by charging aperture 1 and once cuts up with a hay cutter pressure device, stalk is carried out after guillotine cutting, extruding, passes through charging Channel components are delivered to secondary hand hay cutter pressure device, and stalk is entered in stalk course of conveying by the flusher on feeding-passage component Row watering, reduces floating dust, subsequently enters secondary thin hand hay cutter pressure device, and secondary hand hay cutter is carried out to stalk and is pressed, makes stalk more comminuted, drops It is low due to stalk scleroma etc. abrasion of the physical attribute to expanding apparatus, through it is secondary it is thin hand hay cutter pressure after stalk material-falling hopper in small, broken bits, pass through Material toggling axle drives reverse material toggling blade inside anti-block apparatus, feed is smoothly fallen into Bilateral Symmetry Builking cavity, stalk material exists With expanded spiral and cavity wall collision friction in Builking cavity, substantial amounts of heat is produced, expanded cavity temperature is improved rapidly（Up to 170 ℃）, stalk material is ripened, is saccharified and be bulk into spongy, and the moisture in stalk becomes overheated steam, shape in a short time Into the quenched environment of hydro-thermal of a HTHP, play sterilization, curing and promote the effect such as cellulose degradation, it is expanded after stalk Fallen by two discharging openings of straw bulking device along feeding cylinder on tapping channel component, by the bacterium on tapping channel component top Liquid flusher adds stover ferment agent simultaneously, enters by the straw feed of addition stover ferment agent along tapping channel component and beats Wrapping device is tied, packaging is processed to straw feed, stalk is fully contacted with microorganism and ferment, straw nutrition composition is improved And value, the straw feed after packaging drops out by machining center discharging opening, completes processing.

To eliminate the air quality for improving processing environment of preamble processing dust emission, also on the charging aperture of feeding-passage There is provided separation dust device, straw bulking machine separation dust device includes seal closure 34, is arranged on the whirlpool of seal closure side Flow fan 33 and the main pipe 36 for being arranged on opposite side, vortex air outlet are relative with the air inlet position of main pipe, are vortexed wind The input of machine is provided with driving machine 32.Seal closure is arranged at bulking machine（Not shown in figure）Stalk feeding mouth, and make at sealing Reason, can effectively stop dust recycling.Filter screen 35 is provided between main pipe and seal closure, pipe end is dominated and is provided with filter cloth 39, dominate Pipe, which is provided with secondary conduits 37, secondary conduits, is provided with pressure release component 38, and main pipe exhaust outlet 40 and secondary conduits exhaust outlet 42 are passed through filter In liquid container 41.Pressure release component includes overflow valve, pressure switch and pressure sensor.

From the input preamble processing of seal closure upper opening（This place is primarily referred to as hand hay cutter pressure process）Stalk section afterwards, seal closure is whole Body uses up big and down small funnel-shaped structure, and because stalk sheet is as loose and porous structure, relative density is smaller, by seal closure There is certain difficulty during into bulking machine auger feeding mechanism, common practice can will enter seal closure and string configuration is made, from And the stalk material of bottom can be pushed by the stalk material at top, so as to ensure that charging is smooth.But if using the program not Obtain and seal closure is not made long, be unfavorable for the preparation of complete machine.Compaction apparatus can also be increased, but can substantially increase manufacture and dimension Protect cost.And use after funnel structure, the chamfered portion of funnel-shaped structure can form sliding force, and bottom is oppressed downwards by deadweight Material, the vertical side of funnel structure can then increase the consolidation effect.On the one hand, can be by seal closure contraction in length, another aspect, System for compacting can be saved, overall structure has not only been simplified, and reduce operating cost.

Vortex fan produces cyclone under the drive of driving source, because dust monomer weight is light, therefore is more easy in vortex Effect is with eddy motion, so that tiny dust is from the larger stalk section sur-face peeling of volume weight, and being vortexed can then ensure The direction of dust flowing, it is to avoid dust is in unordered state of disturbance " disorderly flying " in seal closure, but straight along vortex direction footpath In primary conduit.And there is filter screen certain pore size can play a part of limitation inflow agent particle size, it is to avoid the larger stalk of volume Section enters wherein and by line clogging.Stalk section is dropped downward into bulking machine in the presence of deadweight along seal closure, is carried out next Process.Dust leads to after filter screen, is leading to filtrate container along main pipe, is being absorbed first by filter cloth, and completion is once filtered；More tiny Dust granules are then passed through in filtrate through filter cloth by exhaust outlet 40 to be absorbed by filtrate, completes secondary filter.Further, filter cloth Also act as the purpose for breaing up bubble in filtrate, it is to avoid cross air pocket and be mingled with dust and be passed through in air.Finally, by secondary mistake The clean gas of filter is discharged into air.

Filter cloth is loose structure, with the progress of production, and the dust on filter cloth is constantly accumulated, if changed not in time, meeting Main pipe exhaust outlet 40 is at a time caused to block.Now, to avoid pipe-line system from blocking, and off-load is realized, then leading Secondary conduits 37 are set by pipe, even if main pipe 36 is blocked, eddy airstream can also flow along secondary conduits 37, and eventually through Exhaust outlet 42 is passed through in filtrate.

On the one hand, secondary conduits 37 can be used and the identical structure of main pipe.On the other hand, it can also be set in secondary conduits The main pressure release component being made up of overflow valve, pressure switch and pressure sensor is put, while being provided in driving machine The drive circuit of controlled motor power output, negative feedback loop is set up between pressure release component and drive circuit.Specifically, let out The pressure sensor of pressure assembly end monitors the air pressure in main pipe in real time, and air pressure is controlled to the letter of power output as drive circuit Number source, when air pressure rises, driving machine power output reduction, rotating speed is slack-off；When air pressure is a standard atmospheric pressure, driving machine amount of exports Determine power.The control mode of the variable power, on the one hand can use some resistance in parallel by Control, when air pressure is During one standard atmospheric pressure, parallel resistance is all accessed.On the other hand then gas can be worked as using the adjustable resistance being made up of slide switch When pressing as a standard atmospheric pressure, adjustable resistance accesses circuit with minimum resistance.

Meanwhile, the overflow valve of controllable exhaust open size is set in secondary conduits end, when air pressure is a normal atmosphere During pressure, overflow valve is in completely closed state, and when leading overpressure gradually rises, overflow valve is gradually opened off-load, and gas passes through Secondary conduits are discharged, to ensure to maintain a standard atmospheric pressure in main pipe, and when overflow valve is in fully open state, in main pipe Air pressure remain above a standard atmospheric pressure（To reach the purpose, the internal diameter of secondary conduits is set to be less than leading bore, thus may be used Ensure that air pressure when in the case of vortex fan discharge quantity of fan identical completely using secondary conduits is more than completely using main pipe Air pressure）, then now by controlling driving machine rotating speed to reduce the pressure of main pipe.

Further, since it is a process gradually changed that filter cloth, which is blocked, and it is difficult to observe from outside, therefore in driving machine Upper setting speed probe, can directly monitor the use state of filter cloth.Can be by testing in advance, such as：

1）The exhaust outlet of leading pipe end is completely closed, when secondary conduits exhaust outlet is fully opened, driving machine set For minimum speed r1, now corresponding main pipe chocking-up degree is 0.5a+0.5b, and a=1, b=1 is that is, completely plugged；

2）The exhaust outlet of leading pipe end is completely closed, when secondary conduits exhaust outlet is fully opened, driving machine set For rated speed r2, now corresponding main pipe chocking-up degree is 0.5a+0.5b, and a=0, b=1, i.e. Partial Blocking only remain and started Machine rotating speed controllable；

3）The exhaust outlet of leading pipe end is completely closed, when secondary conduits exhaust outlet is completely closed, driving machine set For rated speed r2, now corresponding main pipe chocking-up degree is 0.5a+0.5b, and a=0, b=0, i.e. chocking-up degree are 0；

A=1 when rotating speed is minimum speed r1, a=0 when rotating speed is rated speed r2；

B=1, b=0 when overflow valve is completely closed when secondary conduits end overflow valve is fully opened.（Or it is set as 0.3a+ 0.7b, weight that can as needed voluntarily shared by regulation motor rotating speed and overflow valve opening degree.）

When chocking-up degree reaches more than 50b%, alarm signal is sent, points out to change filter cloth, to ensure to change during filter cloth not The progress of production is influenceed, controllable valve is set in secondary conduits and main pipe junction, when requiring replacement, valve is closed, made Air only flows to branch pipe.Filter cloth uses card insert type, changes convenient and swift.

In addition, to shorten debug time, increasing the service life, maintenance cost, the straw bulking feed manufacturing center are reduced Baked component additionally use automatic learning control system, automatic learning control system includes processor module, defeated with processor module Enter end connected input module, monitoring modular and memory module, the performing module being connected with processor module output end, with processing The connected display module of device module output end.

Processor module can use host computer, be mainly used in comparing actual parameter and the parameter in operational factor storehouse, receive Specific control signal, and send execution processing or termination order to performing module.

Input module is primarily referred to as the visualization hardware such as keyboard, PDA or the machine integrated touch control device of straw bulking, with Just input needs the parameter set.

Monitoring modular mainly includes the pressure sensor and temperature sensor being arranged in Builking cavity, and pressure sensor is main For detecting the pressure between the stalk material in auger and expanded inwall, temperature sensor is mainly for detection of in expanded head Swelling temperature.Can also be in feed path（Hopper, expanded cavity wall）It is upper that multiple humidity sensors are set, to be matched by multi-parameter Method detect material actual water content.Its ginseng can be automatically adjusted when the parameter of stalk and straw bulking machine changes Number, makes straw bulking machine normal operation, and is that the effect of straw bulking is optimal.

Performing module includes expanded head heating unit and driving machine control unit, and performing module refers mainly to what is actually manipulated Unit, the self study and self feed back of whole system are mainly showed by performing module.

Memory module can then use the storage medium being located in host computer, such as hard disk, internal memory.Phase is installed in memory module The stalk parameter library of mutual correlation matching and operational factor storehouse, database can use SQL, and writing for self study program can be used MATLAB or OCTAVE.

Display module can use LCDs, or only with indicator lamp, screw speed, supply voltage and electricity are shown in real time Stream, straw bulking machine yield, expanded head temperature, expanded cavity pressure, Builking cavity humidity etc..And by the control number in operational factor storehouse Distinctly display, can be distinguished by color according to the control data performed first, such as original optimized operation parameter is expressed as green, The Optimal Parameters for performing self study first are expressed as blueness.

The autocontrol method of above-mentioned automatic learning control system, comprises the following steps：

Step 1）Set up stalk parameter library and the operational factor storehouse of interrelated matching, and established standardses value, stalk parameter Storehouse includes stalk average moisture content, averag density, average length, and operational factor storehouse includes Builking cavity temperature, expanded head pressure, spiral shell Bar rotating speed, puffing straw yield, standard value include driving machine input current；

Step 2）Artificial detection stalk parameter, parameters obtained is compared with standard value, if stalk parameter is located at standard value It is interior, then perform step 3）If stalk parameter exceeds or falls below standard value, step 7 is performed）；

Step 3）The value matched is inquired about in stalk parameter library, and by the operational factor storehouse corresponding to the matching value Operational parameter value is sent to processor module；If stalk parameter library Query Value is sky, prompting is sent, and increase on the basis of the value Add deduct and continue after lacking 1 ~ 10% in stalk parameter library inquiry, until inquiring close numerical value, set up new data member；If operation Parameter library Query Value is sky, then sends prompting, and is continued in operational factor storehouse after increasing or decreasing 1 ~ 10% on the basis of the value Inquiry, until inquiring close numerical information, sets up new data member；

Step 4）Performing module is received after operational factor, is sent and is controlled to driving machine control unit, expanded head heating unit Order control input electric current and screw speed processed；

Step 5）When Builking cavity temperature reaches the numerical value corresponding to operational factor, display module prompting is ready to complete；

Step 6）Stalk is sent into Builking cavity, operational factor is detected by monitoring modular in real time, Builking cavity temperature and swollen Change head pressure due to the difference of stalk homogeneity, as equipment continues on caused abrasion, certain fluctuation can be produced, if base Plinth parameter temporal is lighted after 20min, puffing straw yield ＞ underlying parameters, then sends the operational factor to performing module, hold Row step 4), while the operational factor after change is stored into operational factor storehouse；If puffing straw yield ＜ underlying parameters, The operational factor corresponding to the highest stalk yield in operational factor storehouse corresponding to current stalk parameter is searched, is sent to execution mould Block, performs step 4)；Once surveying operational factor exceeds standard value 20%, then alarm is sent by display module, performed simultaneously Step 7）；

Step 7）When performing module receives heterologous control signals or operational factor above or below standard value, mould is performed Block sends control command to driving machine and expanded head heating unit, out of service.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of expanding apparatus of double expanded heads, including hopper, the anti-block apparatus being arranged in hopper are set, hopper bottom is arranged on The expanding apparatus of portion outlet, it is characterised in that：Expanding apparatus include be symmetricly set on hopper both sides expanded spiral, be arranged on it is swollen Change the screw rod in spiral, be arranged on the driving machine of screw rod input, the Builking cavity being arranged on screw rod, be separately positioned on expanded spiral shell The feeding the being vertically arranged cylinder for revolve the expanded head of two ends discharging opening, being arranged on expanded head discharging opening, the direction of both sides Builking cavity On the contrary, forming Builking cavity between expanded spiral and Builking cavity；Being provided between expanded housing and expanded head is used to compensate expanded spiral The adjusting apparatus in abrasion gap.

2. the expanding apparatus of double expanded heads according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Be provided with the expanded housing with it is swollen The corresponding spiral helicine guide of groove changed on spiral is raised.