CN206471018U - A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester - Google Patents
A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN206471018U CN206471018U CN201621385790.0U CN201621385790U CN206471018U CN 206471018 U CN206471018 U CN 206471018U CN 201621385790 U CN201621385790 U CN 201621385790U CN 206471018 U CN206471018 U CN 206471018U
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- horizontal
- extra heavy
- tubule
- heavy pipe
- pipe
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester, including liquid pressure and flow velocity tester, including catch basin, it is characterized in that：The horizontal extra heavy pipe of catch basin connection, the horizontal horizontal tubule of extra heavy pipe connection, the horizontal tubule connects the catch basin by circulating water pipe, water circulating pump and tongs are provided with the circulating water pipe, the horizontal extra heavy pipe is connected with graduated elongated tubular with the top of the horizontal tubule, the upper end connection of two elongated tubulars, the horizontal extra heavy pipe is identical with length is correspondingly arranged in the horizontal tubule, the different hollow wax stone of diameter, photoelectricity door is respectively arranged with the horizontal extra heavy pipe and the horizontal tubule, two photoelectricity doors are all connected with photoelectric velocity measurement device.The utility model can be qualitative and quantitative the size and its relation that determine flow rate of liquid and pressure so that immanent structure is more succinct understandable, and measuring method is intuitively accurate, simple to operate, and effect intuitively changes and cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to physical experiment equipment field, specifically, is related to a kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester.
Background technology
The physics teaching teaching aid of current existing relevant " checking of liquid Bernoulli equation " be roughly divided into small-sized demonstrator,
Large-scale checking device and computer simulation.
Small-sized demonstrator is mostly the difference that flow rate of liquid is formed by the thickness of bottom glass pipe, then passes through top glass
The liquid level of glass tubule just reflects the size of liquid pressure.Flow rate of liquid is small at extra heavy pipe, the glass tube liquid level being connected with extra heavy pipe
It is higher, illustrate that its pressure is big；Flow rate of liquid is big at tubule, and the glass tube liquid level being connected with tubule is relatively low, illustrates that its pressure is small.From
And draw a conclusion --- the big position pressure of rate of flow of fluid is small, and the small position pressure of rate of flow of fluid is big.
Have the disadvantage that instrument is simple, can only qualitatively observe the small big of flow velocity and pressure, from qualitative angle look for them it
Between magnitude relationship, the specific data of flow velocity, pressure can not be gone out from quantitative angular surveying, it is impossible to verify from the angle of numerical value
Bernoulli equation.
Although measured data accuracy is high but bulky for large-scale checking device, and energy consumption is more, and cost is high, inherence knot
Structure is sufficiently complex, student's often not readily understood inherent mechanism, does not understand it is how to verify Bernoulli equation on earth, is unfavorable for learning
The Bernoulli equation of raw profound understanding liquid.
Although computer simulation can simulate large-scale Bernoulli Jacob's checking device and measure and verify, begin
Eventually not as good as sensation that can be on the spot in person to student in kind, it is unfavorable for the understanding and memory of student.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester, and immanent structure is more
Succinct understandable, measuring method is intuitively accurate, simple to operate, and effect intuitively changes and cost is low.
The utility model, which is adopted the following technical scheme that, realizes goal of the invention：
A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester, including catch basin, it is characterized in that：The horizontal extra heavy pipe of catch basin connection,
The horizontal horizontal tubule of extra heavy pipe connection, the horizontal tubule connects the catch basin, the circulating water pipe by circulating water pipe
On be provided with water circulating pump and tongs, the horizontal extra heavy pipe is connected with graduated elongated with the top of the horizontal tubule
Pipe, the upper end connection of two elongated tubulars, the horizontal extra heavy pipe with to be correspondingly arranged on length in the horizontal tubule identical, straight
Photoelectricity door, two photoelectricity doors are respectively arranged with the different hollow wax stone in footpath, the horizontal extra heavy pipe and the horizontal tubule
It is all connected with photoelectric velocity measurement device.
As the further restriction to the technical program, the water circulating pump is current stabilization water circulating pump, the water circulating pump
The miniature diaphragm water pump of model 385.
As the further restriction to the technical program, the tongs adjusts controlling switch using flow velocity.
As the further restriction to the technical program, the hollow wax stone is cylindrical red hollow wax stone.
Prior art is compared, and advantage of the present utility model and good effect are：The utility model introduces stopping for controllable flow rate
Water presss from both sides with current stabilization water circulating pump to ensure precondition-system current stabilization of Bernoulli equation establishment.For accurate reflection directly perceived
Go out the pressure change of working fluid, take and replaced with the water-column difference Δ h being connected at diverse location in elongated tubular in the past
The difference in height for the mercury that device is used, brings up to original 10 times by measurement sensitivity, more accurately reflects diverse location
Pressure difference Δ p；Utilize hollow wax stone, it is impossible to directly observe, be difficult measurement physical quantity-flow rate of liquid, be transformed into compared with
The physical quantity easily measured --- wax stone speed, introduces photoelectric velocity measurement device, photoelectricity door, and can measure wax stone using photoelectric velocity measurement device leads to
Cross the instantaneous velocity of photoelectricity door, i.e. flow rate of liquid.The utility model can be qualitative and quantitative determine flow rate of liquid and pressure
Size and its relation so that immanent structure is more succinct understandable, and measuring method is intuitively accurate, simple to operate, and effect is intuitively changed
And cost is low.Student's left-hand seat is simple to operate, and volume is much smaller than existing large-scale plant, and effect is very directly perceived readily understood.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
In figure：1st, catch basin, 2, water circulating pump, 3, circulating water pipe, 4, elongated tubular, 5, tongs, 6, photoelectric velocity measurement device, 7,
Photoelectricity door, 8, horizontal tubule, 9, hollow wax stone, 10, horizontal extra heavy pipe.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail, it is to be understood that this
The protection domain of utility model is not limited by embodiment.
As shown in figure 1, the utility model includes catch basin 1, the catch basin 1 connects horizontal extra heavy pipe 11, and the transverse direction is thick
Pipe 11 connects horizontal tubule 8, and the horizontal tubule 8 is connected by circulating water pipe 3 and set on the catch basin 1, the circulating water pipe 3
Water circulating pump 2 and tongs 5 are equipped with, the horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 is connected with graduated thin with the top of the horizontal tubule 8
Length phase is correspondingly arranged in long tube 4, the upper end connection of two elongated tubulars 4, the horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 and the horizontal tubule 9
Photoelectricity door 7, two are respectively arranged with the different hollow wax stone 9 of same, diameter, the horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 and the horizontal tubule 8
The photoelectricity door 7 is all connected with photoelectric velocity measurement device 6.
The water circulating pump 2 is current stabilization water circulating pump, and the miniature diaphragm water pump of model 385 of the water circulating pump is described
Tongs 5 is the tongs for being capable of coutroi velocity, and the tongs is using common flow velocity regulation controlling switch, and this is existing skill
The product of art, will not be repeated here.
The hollow wax stone 9 is cylindrical red hollow wax stone.
We take the mode that controllable flow rate type tongs 5 is combined with current stabilization water circulating pump 2, keep system to be in steady
Stream mode.In experiment, the flow velocity stablized is controlled using the tongs 5 of controllable flow rate；With water circulating pump, it is ensured that catch basin
Liquid level keeps constant, it is ensured that the stability at water source.Both combine, and the steady flow system of a closing are constituted, so as to meet primary
Exert the precondition that sharp equation is set up.
In order to intuitively accurately reflect the pressure change of working fluid, we take thin at diverse location with being connected to
The difference in height for the mercury that the poor Δ h of water-column in long tube is used instead of conventional device, measurement sensitivity is brought up to originally
10 times：
Mercury is used with original using water column after improvement, when measuring identical pressure difference, is had：
PB-PA=(ρHg-ρ)gΔh1=ρ g Δs h2,
Therefore,
It can be seen that, use water column instead and show after pressure difference that the sensitivity of measurement improves 12 times or so, more accurately reflects not
With the difference Δ p of the pressure of position.
Two elongated tubulars 4 are connected respectively on the different horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 of thickness and horizontal tubule 8 by we, and by two
The top connection of pipe.When the flow rate of liquid in somewhere is larger, according to bernoulli principle, the liquid pressure at this can diminish, then
Liquid level in connection elongated tubular in this place, can rapidly be reduced with the reduction of liquid pressure, another elongated tubular
Liquid level will rapidly be raised with the increase of liquid pressure, until the liquid level difference in two pipes is stable.It is thin at this
This section of water-column difference in long tube, it becomes possible to the change very directly perceived for effectively embodying liquid pressure at this.
Flow rate of liquid with the naked eye can not directly observe speed, and be difficult to measure, if introducing special instrument, cost again can be big
Amplitude is improved.Intuitively to reflect flow rate of liquid, it is red hollow that we cleverly devise, and two length are identical, thickness is different
Wax stone 9, is respectively put into horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 and horizontal tubule 8.
When liquid in pipe flows, the hollow wax stone 9 of liquid-driving, two wax stones can also be moved therewith, and we are by wax
The movement velocity of block regards the flow velocity of liquid as nearby, wax stone speed just represents flow rate of liquid.So, it is not straight one
See, be difficult physical quantity --- the flow rate of liquid that measures, be converted to one it is very directly perceived, be easier the physical quantity that measures ---
Wax stone speed.
Photoelectric velocity measurement device 7 is introduced, photoelectricity door 8 is placed on horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 and horizontal tubule 8, photoelectric velocity measurement device is utilized
7 can measure instantaneous velocity of the wax stone by photoelectricity door, i.e. flow rate of liquid, and photoelectric velocity measurement device 7 and photoelectricity door 8 are all using existing
The product of technology, will not be repeated here.
Bottom of device transverse direction extra heavy pipe 10 is connected with horizontal tubule 8, respectively there is a sky that length is identical, thickness is different in pipe
Heart wax stone 9, can distinguish and measure different flow velocitys.Flow Q in unit interval is certain, but extra heavy pipe and tubule is transversal
Area S is different, due to Q=v × S, so the flow rate of liquid V in extra heavy pipeAIt is small, and the flow rate of liquid V in tubuleBGreatly.
Device top two is identical and with graduated elongated tubular 4, and lower end is connected on thick, thin two transverse tube respectively, on
End is connected with each other, with the poor Δ h of water-column in two elongated tubulars 4, to reflect the pressure in horizontal extra heavy pipe 10 and horizontal tubule 8
Difference Δ p.
Cuboid catch basin 1 can provide water source.
Because the establishment of Bernoulli equation is conditional：Have to set up on the streamline of a steady flow,
Including two aspects, first, water source will be stablized；Second, flow velocity will be stablized.Therefore, we employ the tongs 5 of controllable flow rate with
The mode that current stabilization water circulating pump 2 is combined, stable flow velocity is controlled with tongs 5, is ensured water level at water source with water circulating pump 2
Inconvenience, it is ensured that water source is stable, so as to ensure system current stabilization.
According to bernoulli principle, if p is certain point pressure in fluid in same running system, v is to flow through the point
Rate of flow of fluid, ρ is the density of fluid, and g is acceleration of gravity, and h is height where the point, and C is constant.Bernoulli equation expression formula
For：
Or
Bernoulli equation is the derived fundamental equation on fluid mobility on the premise of fluid viscosity is ignored.It is right
In real fluid, as long as its viscosity is sufficiently small, Bernoulli equation just can be using due to water, alcohol this class " thin "
Fluid viscosity often can be neglected.
It can be seen from equation when velocity in pipes change is big, the pressure of position will reduce.What we mainly verified
It is the relation of pressure p and speed when the check post taken is all in sustained height.Thus thinking abbreviation formula is obtained：
Wherein, Δ P is the difference of the pressure of the pipe of thickness two, VBFor the flow rate of liquid of horizontal tubule 8, VAFor horizontal extra heavy pipe 10
Flow rate of liquid.
We reflect pressure difference Δ P size by the liquid level difference Δ h of two elongated tubulars 4, pass through hollow wax stone 9
Speed reflection flow velocity V size.Formula can be write as：
In above formula, difference in height Δ h can directly be read by graduated scale；And flow velocity V can be measured by photoelectric velocity measurement device 6.
Make difference in height Δ h on flow velocity square differenceFitting figure line, Bernoulli equation can be carried out
Preferably checking.
Operating procedure
(1) when being not switched on tongs 5, appropriate amount of fluid (a few melted ink effects of addition become apparent from) is injected into catch basin 1, this
When whole device be a linker, liquid level is equal everywhere.
(2) open photoelectric velocity measurement device 6 to switch, get out measure the movement velocity of two hollow wax stones 9.
(3) the fast size of 5 flow controls of tongs is adjusted, the colored ink pressed in the switch of water circulating pump 2, device will
Flowing, hollow wax stone 9 can also be moved with water.In this way, wax stone speed is just the speed of in-pipe flow, photoelectric velocity measurement device display screen
Upper shown data are exactly the corresponding instantaneous velocity of two wax stones, and this speed is the flow velocity of liquid, and two elongated tubulars it
Between the poor Δ h of liquid level, you can represent the pressure difference of liquid.
The poor Δ h of the water-column of two speed and two elongated tubulars of record now.
Obtain different flow rate of liquid with the control of tongs 5, experiment be repeated several times, record it is different in flow rate under, multigroup wax stone
Speed VB、VAWith difference in height Δ h.
Disclosed above is only a specific embodiment of the present utility model, and still, the utility model is not limited to this,
The changes that any person skilled in the art can think of should all fall into protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester, including catch basin, it is characterized in that：The horizontal extra heavy pipe of catch basin connection, institute
The horizontal horizontal tubule of extra heavy pipe connection is stated, the horizontal tubule is connected on the catch basin, the circulating water pipe by circulating water pipe
Water circulating pump and tongs are provided with, the horizontal extra heavy pipe is connected with graduated elongated with the top of the horizontal tubule
Pipe, the upper end connection of two elongated tubulars, the horizontal extra heavy pipe with to be correspondingly arranged on length in the horizontal tubule identical, straight
Photoelectricity door, two photoelectricity doors are respectively arranged with the different hollow wax stone in footpath, the horizontal extra heavy pipe and the horizontal tubule
It is all connected with photoelectric velocity measurement device.
2. liquid pressure according to claim 1 and flow velocity tester, it is characterized in that：The water circulating pump circulates for current stabilization
Water pump, the miniature diaphragm water pump of model 385 of the water circulating pump.
3. liquid pressure according to claim 1 and flow velocity tester, it is characterized in that：The tongs is adjusted using flow velocity
Controlling switch.
4. liquid pressure according to claim 1 and flow velocity tester, it is characterized in that：The hollow wax stone is red hollow
Wax stone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621385790.0U CN206471018U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621385790.0U CN206471018U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206471018U true CN206471018U (en) | 2017-09-05 |
Family
ID=59711881
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621385790.0U Expired - Fee Related CN206471018U (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2016-12-16 | A kind of liquid pressure and flow velocity tester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206471018U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108961955A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 王小兰 | It is a kind of for demonstrating the device of bernoulli principle |
-
2016
- 2016-12-16 CN CN201621385790.0U patent/CN206471018U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108961955A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-07 | 王小兰 | It is a kind of for demonstrating the device of bernoulli principle |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170905 Termination date: 20181216 |