CN206465794U - Electrokinetic cell bag active safety protection system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an active safety protection system for a power battery pack. All battery cells are connected in series to form a battery cell group, and the positive electrode of the battery cell group is connected to the main positive output terminal through the positive outlet line and the normally closed relay and fuse arranged on the positive electrode outlet line. , the negative pole of the battery pack is connected to the total negative output terminal through the negative pole outlet. The control terminal of the high-voltage normally closed relay is connected to the battery management slave control unit, and a shunt is provided on the negative outlet line. The shunt is used to collect the output current of the battery pack and output it to the battery management slave control unit. This protection system can intelligently cut off the output of the power battery pack in the event of an accident, avoiding the danger of personal safety due to high voltage, and especially can effectively solve the safety problem of the power battery pack when the vehicle has wading, collision and other accidents. Through multiple safety protection functions, this system fully guarantees that the power battery is safe and reliable no matter whether it is running in the car or under the condition of offline centralized charging, and completely prevents major safety accidents from happening.

Description

Power battery pack active safety protection system

technical field

The utility model relates to an electric vehicle, in particular to an active safety protection system for a power battery pack used by the electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of the electric vehicle.

Background technique

As the world's energy situation continues to be severe, new energy vehicles that do not use traditional fuels are increasingly being advocated and encouraged by everyone. Among them, electric vehicles have become the key direction of enterprise research and development, and with the development of technology, they have also realized commercial applications and gradually entered people's lives. Although electric vehicles have already been driven on the road, they still face many problems, which is also an important reason for their slow development. The most important limiting factor is the power battery. At present, the power battery mainly has the following defects: 1. The cost remains high, accounting for more than half of the vehicle cost; 2. The battery life is weak. , the cruising range will continue to decrease; 3. It is inconvenient to charge the battery, which is far less than the current layout density of gas stations, and there are certain requirements for the charging environment temperature, otherwise it will affect the battery life; 4. The life is short, and the life of the power battery Usually 5-6 years, after scrapping, you need to buy a new power battery, which is expensive and unaffordable for consumers; 5. The charging time is long, even if it is fast charging, it takes more than half an hour. It is still very difficult to refuel with traditional gas stations 6. The battery specifications of different car companies and models are different, and they are often not interchangeable, which puts forward higher requirements for battery manufacturers and vehicle manufacturers, and also improves the overall battery life. Car development costs; the battery configuration of the same car is the same, and consumers cannot make personalized adjustments according to their actual driving conditions. 7. In order to monitor the working condition of the battery, the existing electric vehicle is equipped with a BMS management system for the power battery. The BMS management system is used to monitor important information such as the voltage, current and temperature of the battery. This information is stored in the BMS management system. Only special equipment can be read, and the user cannot understand it without such equipment.

At present, most of the batteries on the market are rechargeable or rely on large-scale auxiliary mechanical equipment to replace the whole package. Regardless of the way, the above-mentioned defects all exist more or less. In order to solve the above problems, a unitized power battery pack has appeared in the prior art. The power battery pack is a modular design and is a standard part. All electric vehicles produced by manufacturers can be used, but different car manufacturers produce power battery packs for different models. The number and series-parallel connection are different, which depends on the power of the car and the cruising range. This mode can solve almost all the problems of electric vehicles mentioned above to a certain extent, greatly reducing the development cycle and cost of power batteries. Due to the light weight of a single power battery pack, manual battery replacement can be implemented, which greatly saves the high cost of battery replacement equipment. At the same time, due to the miniaturization of the battery pack, the standardization of the power battery unit for vehicle model development can be realized, and the model of the power battery pack is unified. Quantity and series-parallel connection can be realized. However, due to the characteristics of the power battery itself, its output is still high voltage, so it can be used as a voltage source to connect with other devices on the vehicle, and to protect itself in case of accidents. Compared with traditional fuel engines, electric vehicles The requirements are higher. Once there is leakage and insufficient insulation, it will pose a serious threat to the safety of the people on board and the vehicle.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an active safety protection system for power battery packs. This protection system can intelligently disconnect the high-voltage output in case of accidents, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and vehicles.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

The active safety protection system of the power battery pack includes several identical batteries and the battery management slave control unit. All the batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack. The negative outlet is connected to the total negative output terminal, which is characterized in that: the positive outlet is connected to the total positive output terminal through a high-voltage normally closed relay; the control terminal of the high-voltage normally closed relay is connected to the battery management slave control unit, and the battery management slave control unit is equipped with The high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collector and the airbag deployment signal collector, the battery management slave control unit collects the high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value and the airbag deployment signal collected by the high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collector and the airbag deployment signal collector Control the on-off of the high-voltage normally closed relay; there is a shunt on the negative outlet line, and the shunt is used to collect the output current of the battery pack and output it to the battery management slave control unit.

Further, a fuse is connected to the positive outlet line between the high-voltage normally closed relay and the total positive output terminal. When external faults such as short circuit and overcurrent occur, the fuse is quickly blown within milliseconds and the external output of the power battery pack is cut off to achieve safety protection.

In order to supply power to the battery management slave control unit, the system also includes a DCDC step-down conversion module. After the high voltage is converted to low voltage, it is provided to the battery management slave control unit as a working power supply.

The battery management slave control unit is provided with a wireless communication module, and the battery management slave control unit realizes wireless communication connection with the battery management master control unit on the vehicle through the wireless communication module. Since there are often multiple power battery packs in a vehicle, each power battery pack is equipped with a battery management slave control unit, and each vehicle has only one battery management master control unit, so that the battery management master control unit and battery management master control unit can be realized. Communication connection for all battery management slave units.

The positive and negative tabs of each cell lead out lead wires respectively, each lead wire is provided with a fuse, and each lead wire is divided into two paths after passing through the fuse, one path is connected to the battery management slave control unit to realize single-cell voltage collection, and the other path is connected to the Power battery offline detection port. The fuse at the cell end can effectively prevent the failure of the battery management slave control unit and the short circuit of the offline detection port to cause the failure of a single cell, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the power battery pack.

There is a temperature detection element on the battery pack, and the output of the temperature detection element is connected to the battery management slave control unit, so that the battery management slave control unit can better monitor the working condition of the power battery pack, so as to keep it at an ideal in working condition.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. This protection system can intelligently cut off the output of the power battery pack in the event of an accident, avoiding personal safety due to high voltage, and especially can effectively solve the safety problem of the power battery pack when the vehicle encounters accidents such as wading and collisions.

2. Through multiple safety protection functions, this system fully guarantees that the power battery is safe and reliable no matter whether it is running in the car or under the condition of offline centralized charging, and completely prevents major safety accidents.

3. Each battery management slave control unit can monitor the whole life cycle of the corresponding power battery pack, and communicate with the battery management master control unit in real time, so that the power battery pack is in the best power supply state and charging state.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 - The three-dimensional structural diagram of the power battery pack of the utility model.

Fig. 2 - The side structure diagram of the power battery pack of the utility model.

Fig. 3 - Schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the power battery pack of the utility model.

detailed description

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the external structure diagrams of the power battery pack of the utility model, as can be seen from the figure, the utility model is provided with a battery pack positive and negative pole plug-in interface outside the power battery pack as the total positive output terminal 1 of the battery pack and the total negative output terminal 2 to output electric energy to the outside. At the same time, an offline detection port 3 is also provided. The offline detection port 3 is usually covered by a cover. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal circuit of the utility model power battery pack. The protective measures of the present utility model will be described in detail below mainly in conjunction with FIG. 3 .

(1) Power main circuit

The power battery pack of the utility model includes several identical batteries and battery management slave control units. All the batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack. The outgoing line is connected to the total negative output terminal. In the power main circuit, the positive outlet is connected to the total positive output terminal through the high-voltage normally closed relay, and the control terminal of the high-voltage normally closed relay is connected to the battery management slave control unit. The battery management slave control unit is equipped with a high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collector and safety The airbag pop-up signal collector and the battery management slave control unit control the on-off of the high-voltage normally closed relay according to the high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collected by the high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collector and the airbag pop-up signal collector and the airbag pop-up signal; In the actual design, in order to simplify the structure and avoid collecting these control information separately for each power battery pack, all power battery packs directly report to the battery management master through their respective high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collectors and airbag pop-up signal collectors. The unit reads the insulation resistance value of the high-voltage circuit and the airbag deployment signal, because these two information have special information output on the main control unit. There is a shunt on the negative outlet line, and the shunt is used to collect the output current of the battery pack and output it to the battery management slave control unit (specifically connect to pins 9 and 10 of the slave control board in Figure 3). Further, a fuse is connected to the positive outlet line between the high-voltage normally closed relay and the total positive output terminal.

The positive outlet of the power battery cell group of the utility model first passes through the high-voltage normally closed relay (1 and 2 in Fig. 3 are high-voltage terminals), and then passes through the fuse to the total positive output end; the negative electrode of the power battery cell group goes out through the shunt ( for current sensing) to the total negative output. For the high-voltage normally closed relay, the 12V low-voltage control terminal (corresponding to pins 3 and 4 of the slave control board in Figure 3) controls the on and off of the normally closed relay, and the battery management slave control unit receives the low insulation resistance of the external high-voltage circuit. The airbag pop-up signal shall prevail, and the control command shall be sent at the first time, and the high-voltage normally closed relay will work, and shall remain disconnected and maintained (unless the battery management main control unit sends the high-voltage normally closed relay low-voltage power-off to the battery management slave control unit manually) command, otherwise it will not be restored), and completely cut off the external output of the power battery pack to achieve safety protection. At the same time, a fuse is also installed on the positive circuit of the power battery pack. In the event of external short circuit, overcurrent and other faults, the fuse will be blown quickly within milliseconds to cut off the external output of the power battery pack to achieve safety protection.

Through the above two double insurance functions, the power battery pack can be intelligently disconnected from the high-voltage output in an emergency to ensure the safety of personnel and vehicles.

(2) Intelligent real-time single-cell detection and offline detection

In order to meet the requirements of power battery single-cell voltage collection, quick change and centralized charging management, the power battery pack is also equipped with real-time single-cell detection and offline detection functions.

As shown in Figure 3, lead wires are led out from the positive and negative tabs of each battery cell, and a fuse is installed on each lead wire. After each lead wire passes through the fuse, it is divided into two paths, and one path is connected to the battery management slave control unit to realize a single cell Voltage acquisition (specifically connected to pins 11~n in the slave control board in Figure 3), and the other is connected to the offline detection port of the power battery. When offline, the peripheral testing equipment can be used to detect the voltage data of the single cell and perform functions such as recharging and balancing the single cell to meet the offline balancing and centralized management needs of the point change mode. The fuse at the cell end can effectively prevent the failure of the battery management slave control unit and the short circuit of the offline detection port to cause the failure of a single cell, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the power battery pack.

In addition, there is a temperature detection element on the battery pack, and the output of the temperature detection element is connected to the battery management slave control unit (specifically connected to pins 5 and 6 of the slave control board in Figure 3), so that the battery management slave control unit can Better monitor the working condition of the power battery pack, so as to keep it in the ideal working condition.

(3) Intelligent wireless transmission battery management system (BMS)

In order to truly achieve the goal of fast battery replacement (the actual requirement is to complete the manual battery replacement in 3 minutes), the power battery pack should be replaced as far as possible without other manual wiring methods. For this reason, the overall design is to adopt wireless communication between the master and slave of the battery management control unit (BMS), and the working power of the battery management slave control unit is provided by the power battery pack. DCDC conversion module to ensure the 12V power supply demand of the battery management slave control unit.

Specifically, in order to supply power to the battery management slave control unit, the system also includes a DCDC step-down conversion module. The input terminal of the DCDC step-down conversion module is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery pack, and the output terminal of the DCDC step-down conversion module is connected to the battery management slave control unit. The unit (specifically connected to pins 7 and 8 of the corresponding slave control board in Figure 3) is used to convert high voltage to low voltage and provide it to the battery management slave control unit as a working power supply. At the same time, a wireless communication module is provided on the battery management slave control unit, and the battery management slave control unit realizes wireless communication connection with the battery management master control unit on the vehicle through the wireless communication module. Since there are often multiple power battery packs in a vehicle, each power battery pack is equipped with a battery management slave control unit, and each vehicle has only one battery management master control unit, so that the battery management master control unit and battery management master control unit can be realized. Communication connection for all battery management slave units.

The battery management slave control unit mainly implements single-cell voltage acquisition (BMS slave control board 11~n pins in Figure 3), temperature acquisition (5, 6 pins), current acquisition (9, 10 pins), high voltage normally closed Relay intelligent control (3, 4 pins) and wireless communication with the battery management main control unit through the GPS module, complete the power battery pack data information upload battery management main control unit and receive control commands sent by the battery management main control unit.

Through the above-mentioned improvements, the utility model escorts the development and operation of the quick-change mode. Through multiple safety protection functions, it can fully ensure that the power battery is safe and reliable no matter whether it is running in the car or under centralized charging conditions offline, and completely eliminates major Security incidents happen.

The intelligent power battery management system (BMS) can realize the monitoring of the whole life cycle of the vehicle power battery, and at the same time transmit the battery data to the background through the vehicle terminal module. Technical Specification Requirements for Automobile Remote Service Management System.

The above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model are only examples for illustrating the utility model, rather than limiting the implementation of the utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other variations and modifications in various forms can be made on the basis of the above description. All the implementation manners cannot be exhaustively listed here. All obvious changes or variations derived from the technical solutions of the utility model are still within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. The active safety protection system of the power battery pack includes several identical batteries and the battery management slave control unit. All the batteries are connected in series to form a battery pack. The positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the main positive output terminal through the positive outlet. The negative pole of the battery is connected to the total negative output terminal through the negative pole outlet, which is characterized in that: the positive pole outlet is connected to the total positive output terminal through the high-voltage normally closed relay; the control terminal of the high-voltage normally closed relay is connected to the battery management slave control unit, and the battery management slave control unit It is equipped with a high-voltage circuit insulation resistance value collector and an airbag ejection signal collector. The open signal controls the on-off of the high-voltage normally closed relay; there is a shunt on the negative outlet line, and the shunt is used to collect the output current of the battery pack and output it to the battery management slave control unit. 2. The power battery pack active safety protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that a fuse is connected to the positive outlet between the high-voltage normally closed relay and the main positive output. 3. The power battery pack active safety protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a DCDC step-down conversion module, the input terminal of the DCDC step-down conversion module is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery pack, and the DCDC step-down conversion module The output terminal is connected to the battery management slave control unit, which is used to convert the high voltage into a low voltage and provide the battery management slave control unit as a working power supply. 4. The power battery pack active safety protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery management slave control unit is provided with a wireless communication module, and the battery management slave control unit communicates with the battery management master on the vehicle through the wireless communication module The unit realizes the wireless communication connection. 5. The active safety protection system of the power battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positive and negative tabs of each battery lead out lead wires respectively, each lead wire is provided with a fuse, and each lead wire is divided into two parts after passing through the fuse. One path is connected to the battery management slave control unit to realize single-cell voltage collection, and the other path is connected to the offline detection port of the power battery. 6. The power battery pack active safety protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a temperature detection element is provided on the cell pack, and the output of the temperature detection element is connected to the battery management slave control unit.