CN206460708U - Nephron model - Google Patents
Nephron model Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206460708U CN206460708U CN201720072051.4U CN201720072051U CN206460708U CN 206460708 U CN206460708 U CN 206460708U CN 201720072051 U CN201720072051 U CN 201720072051U CN 206460708 U CN206460708 U CN 206460708U
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- connecting pipe
- nephron
- output end
- housing
- woven hose
- Prior art date
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of Nephron model, including filter and reabsorption device, filter includes the first three-way pipe, housing and the filter element being located in housing cavity, housing includes housing inlet port and housing outlets, first three-way pipe includes input, first output end and the second output end, first output end is connected through housing inlet port with filter element, reabsorption device includes woven hose and the connecting pipe connected with the second output end, one end of woven hose is connected with housing outlets, the other end of woven hose is provided with current-limiting apparatus, woven hose is provided with multiple mozzles connected with connecting pipe.The Nephron model have the advantages that it is simple in construction, be easy to make, be easy to operation, low cost, environmental protection and beneficial to improving the quality of teaching.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to medical teaching Instrument technology field, and in particular to a kind of Nephron model.
Background technology
In teaching, the knowledge of the formation part of explanation nephron structure and urine is more abstract, and students are often difficult to slap
Hold, teaching efficiency is not good, and the structure for the Nephron model used in teaching process is more complicated, not easy to operate, cost is high,
And be difficult to during teaching and allow each student's hands-on, thus memory of the student to this part be not deep, study
Effect is poor, efficiency is low.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model be overcome the shortcomings of prior art exist there is provided it is a kind of it is simple in construction,
It is easy to make, is easy to operation, low cost, environmental protection and beneficial to the Nephron model improved the quality of teaching.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model uses following technical scheme：
A kind of Nephron model, including filter and reabsorption device, the filter include the first three-way pipe, shell
Body and the filter element being located in housing cavity, the housing are provided with housing inlet port and housing outlets, first three-way pipe
Including input, the first output end and the second output end, first output end passes through the housing inlet port and the filter house
Part is connected, and the reabsorption device includes woven hose and the connecting pipe connected with second output end, the woven hose
One end is connected with the housing outlets, and the other end of the woven hose is provided with current-limiting apparatus, and the woven hose is provided with multiple and institute
State the mozzle of connecting pipe connection.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the filter element includes filter vat, is provided with the top of the filter vat logical
Hole, first output end extend into the filtering barrel cavity, the filtering barrel cavity through the through hole and is provided with netted
Coil, the bottom of the filter vat is provided with multiple filter bores.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the housing and the filter vat are transparent material product.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that multiple filter bores uniform intervals arrangements.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the Nephron model also includes the second three-way pipe, the connecting pipe bag
Include the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, first connecting pipe and second connecting pipe include receiving terminal and
Output end a, opening of second three-way pipe is connected with second output end, second three-way pipe two other
Opening corresponds to connected with the receiving terminal of first connecting pipe and the receiving terminal of second connecting pipe respectively, and described first
The output end of connecting pipe is connected with the output end of second connecting pipe by the 3rd three-way pipe, multiple mozzles with
The first connecting pipe connection.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that first connecting pipe include segmental arc and connected with segmental arc be in
Spiral around the spiral section being located on the woven hose, the segmental arc is provided with the receiving terminal, and the spiral section is provided with described
Output end, multiple mozzles are connected with the spiral section.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the diameter of the woven hose, the diameter of the segmental arc and described second connect
The diameter in adapter road is all higher than the diameter of the spiral section, and the diameter of the spiral section is more than the diameter of the mozzle.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the woven hose is white, first connecting pipe and described second connects
Adapter road takes on a red color.
Above-mentioned Nephron model, it is preferred that the current-limiting apparatus is the cotton filled in transfusion tube cavity.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage of：The utility model Nephron model it is simple in construction, easy
In making, in teaching process, students are affable from the manual fabrication Nephron model, make the raw material used and mainly utilize day
The Coke bottle and mineral water bottle often discarded in life, it is not only with low cost, and defective work can be recycled, with green ring
The advantage of guarantor, meanwhile, the filtration and reabsorption of the vivid simulation nephron of Nephron model energy will be abstract
Knowwhy intuitively change, visualize, carefree academic environment can be built, can be enhanced memory again, enable students fast
Speed grasps the knowledge of filtration and the reabsorption of the nephron, beneficial to improving the quality of teaching.The Nephron model has knot
Structure is simple, be easy to make, be easy to operation, low cost, environmental protection and the advantages of beneficial to improving the quality of teaching.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model Nephron model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of filter vat omission coil in the utility model Nephron model.
Marginal data：
1st, the first three-way pipe；11st, input；12nd, the first output end；13rd, the second output end；2nd, housing；21st, housing enters
Mouthful；22nd, housing outlets；3rd, filter element；31st, filter vat；311st, through hole；312nd, filter bores；32nd, coil；4th, connecting pipe；
41st, the first connecting pipe；411st, spiral section；412nd, segmental arc；42nd, the second connecting pipe；5th, woven hose；6th, mozzle；7th,
Two three-way pipes；8th, the 3rd three-way pipe.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the Nephron model of the present embodiment, including filter and reabsorption device, filter includes
First three-way pipe 1, housing 2 and the filter element 3 being located in the inner chamber of housing 2, housing 2 are provided with housing inlet port 21 and housing outlets
22, the first three-way pipe 1 includes input 11, the first output end 12 and the second output end 13, and the first output end 12 enters through housing
Mouth 21 is connected with filter element 3, and reabsorption device includes woven hose 5 and the connecting pipe 4 connected with the second output end 13, transfusion
The entrance of pipe 5 is connected with housing outlets 22, and the outlet of woven hose 5 is provided with current-limiting apparatus（Not shown in figure）, the pipe shaft of woven hose 5
It is provided with multiple mozzles 6 connected with connecting pipe 4.The simulation capsula glomeruli of housing 2 of the present embodiment, the analogue kidney of filter element 3
Bead, the simulation renal tubule of woven hose 5, the simulation afferent glomerular arteriole of input 11, the second output end 13 simulation efferent glomerular arteriole, connection
The simulated blood vessel of pipeline 4.To input 11 pour into by methyl orange solution and watery hydrochloric acid reacted in Drexel bottle after the red liquid that generates
Body（Represent blood）, NaOH particles are placed with filter element 3, a part of red liquid passes through the first output end 12 and flows into filter house
Part 3, and become weak yellow liquid after the abundant reaction with NaOH particles（Represent crude urine）, simulate the filtration work of glomerulus
With；Another part red liquid flows into connecting pipe 4 by the second output end 13, and weak yellow liquid flows out simultaneously from filter element 3
Woven hose 5 is flowed into by housing outlets 22, because of current-limiting apparatus so that weak yellow liquid circulation is obstructed, the exhausted big portion in woven hose 5
Point weak yellow liquid flows into connecting pipe 4 by multiple mozzles 6 and mixed with the red liquid in connecting pipe 4, and from defeated
The only sub-fraction weak yellow liquid of the outlet outflow of liquid pipe 5（Represent urine eventually）, simulate the reabsorption of renal tubule.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the filter element 3 of the present embodiment includes filter vat 31, and the top of filter vat 31 is provided with through hole
311, it is in netted coil that the first output end 12, which extend into the inner chamber of filter vat 31, the inner chamber of filter vat 31 through through hole 311 and is provided with,
32, the bottom of filter vat 31 is provided with the filter bores 312 that multiple uniform intervals are arranged.The coil 32 of the present embodiment is red, is represented
Capillary network, filter vat 31 is put into by NaOH particles, and NaOH particles cannot pass through filter bores 312, passes through the first output end 12
A part of red liquid of outflow flows into filter vat 31, becomes weak yellow liquid after fully being reacted with NaOH particles and passes through filter bores
In 312 uniform inflow housing 2 inner chambers, the weak yellow liquid in the inner chamber of housing 2 passes through housing outlets 22 and flows into woven hose 5 again.
In the present embodiment, housing 2 and filter vat 31 are made of white clear plastics, conveniently can not only be observed and be deepened
Memory, improves learning quality, and have the advantages that cost is low.
In the present embodiment, Nephron model includes the second three-way pipe 7, and connecting pipe 4 includes the first connecting pipe 41 and the
Two connecting pipes 42, the first connecting pipe 41 and the second connecting pipe 42 include receiving terminal and output end, the second three-way pipe 7
One opening is connected with the second output end 13, and two other opening of the second three-way pipe 7 is corresponded to and the first connecting pipe 41 respectively
Receiving terminal and the second connecting pipe 42 receiving terminal connection, a part of red liquid by the second output end 13 export after be divided into
Two branch road correspondences flow into the first connecting pipe 41 and the second connecting pipe 42.The output end of first connecting pipe 41 connects with second
The output end in adapter road 42 is connected by the 3rd three-way pipe 8, and multiple mozzles 6 are connected with the first connecting pipe 41.
Further, the first connecting pipe 41 includes segmental arc 412 and the spiral section 411 connected with segmental arc 412（Represent
Capillary）, helically formula is around being located on woven hose 5 for spiral section 411, and segmental arc 412 is provided with receiving terminal, and spiral section 411 is provided with
Output end, multiple mozzles 6 are connected with spiral section 411, i.e., most weak yellow liquids in woven hose 5 pass through multiple water conservancy diversion
Pipe 6 flows into spiral section 411, and the reabsorption of renal tubule is simulated exactly.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the diameter of woven hose 5, the diameter of segmental arc 412 and the second connecting pipe 42 is all higher than
The diameter of spiral section 411, the diameter of spiral section 411 is more than the diameter of mozzle 6, and renal tubule diameter, blood vessel are simulated exactly
The magnitude relationship of diameter and capillary diameter.
The woven hose 5 of the present embodiment is white, and the first connecting pipe 41 and the second connecting pipe 42 take on a red color, with just
In differentiation and understandable advantage.
The current-limiting apparatus of the present embodiment is the cotton filled in the inner chamber of woven hose 5, and the amount of cotton is appropriate, makes woven hose 5
Export outflow weak yellow liquid into a fine rule be optimal.
First three-way pipe 1, the second three-way pipe 7 and the 3rd three-way pipe 8 of the present embodiment are Y-shaped three-way pipe.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the making of the present embodiment Nephron model is：
（One）Prepare material：The white Drexel bottle of the sharp mouth of 1 band；The white clear Coke bottle that 2 capacity are 2L；2 capacity
For 0.5L white clear mineral water bottle；4 rubber tubes, wherein 1 thicker a length of 20cm white rubber tube（Hereinafter referred to as
A number pipe）, 1 thicker a length of 10cm red rubber tube（Hereinafter referred to as No. two pipes）, 1 thicker a length of 30cm red
Rubber tube（Hereinafter referred to as No. three pipes）, a length of 55cm 1 thinner or so red rubber tube（Hereinafter referred to as No. four pipes）；1
A length of 50cm or so red electric wire；1 15cm or so thin wire；3 Y-shaped three-way pipes（First three-way pipe 1, the second threeway
The three-way pipe 8 of pipe 7 and the 3rd）；3-5 root capillary syrings；1 No. 5 rubber stopper；1 segment glass tube；Multi-use mucilage；NaOH particles；It is dilute
HCl；Methyl orange；Cotton etc..
（Two）Preparation method and step：
（a）Make glomerulus：Two white clear mineral water bottles are cut from bottom 10cm or so place, band bottom of bottle is left
Part, bore the caliber size of one and the first output end 12 of the first three-way pipe 1 white clear mineral water bottle bottom
Identical big hole（Through hole 311）, many apertures being evenly arranged are bored in another white clear mineral water bottle bottom（Filter bores
312）, then two mineral water bottles with bottom of bottle part are sticky at sheared edge（Filter vat 31 is made）, finally from great circle
50cm red electric wire is inserted at hole（Coil 32）, glomerulus is made（Filter element 3）, NaOH is loaded into filter vat 31
Grain.
（b）Make capsula glomeruli：Two white clear Coke bottles are cut from from bottle neck 1/3rd, left with bottle neck
In part, the cavity that the glomerulus completed is fitted into one of Coke bottle so that the big hole of glomerulus is directed at this can
The bottle neck of happy bottle, upward, the first output end 12 of the first three-way pipe 1 sequentially passes through the bottle neck of the Coke bottle to the bottle neck of the Coke bottle
（Housing inlet port 21）In the big hole of glomerulus insertion filter vat 31 inner chamber, by two Coke bottles with mouth portion from shearing
It is bonded together at mouthful, the capsula glomeruli outside glomerulus is made（Housing 2）.
（c）Make renal tubule：The bottle neck of another Coke bottle is sealed with No. 5 rubber stoppers（Housing outlets 22）, the Coke bottle
Bottle neck down, and using insertion No. 5 rubber stoppers in glass tube draw No. one pipe, renal tubule is made（Woven hose 5）.
（d）Connect blood vessel：As shown in figure 1, the second output end 13 is managed with No. two respectively by the second three-way pipe 7（Segmental arc
412）Receiving terminal and No. three pipe（Second connecting pipe 42）Receiving terminal connection, by No. two No. Guan Yusi manage（Spiral section 411）
Connection, and by No. four pipes with spiral wrap on a pipe, have gap between No. four Guan Yuyi pipes, load 1 in No. four pipes
Root 15cm or so thin wire so that the helical form of No. four pipes keeps sizing, then by the defeated of the output end of No. three pipes and No. four pipes
Go out end to connect by the 3rd three-way pipe 8.
（e）By 3-5 root capillary syrings（Mozzle 6）A number Guan Yusi pipe is connected.
（f）A little cotton is filled in into pipe lower end inner chamber.
The specific operation process of the present embodiment Nephron model is：
（1）The relatively low methyl orange solution of configuration concentration, now the color of methyl orange solution is in faint yellow, by the first configured
Base orange solution is mounted in the white Drexel bottle of the sharp mouth of band, then adds a few dilute HCl of drop, the methyl orange added after dilute HCl toward methyl orange solution
Solution becomes red, red liquid simulation blood.
（2）To input 11（Afferent glomerular arteriole）Pour into（1）The red liquid of middle making, a part of red liquid passes through
Two output ends 13（Efferent glomerular arteriole）The connecting pipe 42 of segmental arc 412 and second is flowed into, some red liquid passes through the
One output end 12 is flowed into filter vat 31, by becoming faint yellow with the red liquid after the NaOH particle reactions in filter vat 31
（Red methyl orange solution after NaOH particle reactions with becoming faint yellow）And uniformly flowed into by filter bores 312 in the inner chamber of housing 2,
Weak yellow liquid in the inner chamber of housing 2 flows into woven hose 5 by housing outlets 22 again.Red liquid becomes light by filter vat 31
The filtration of glomerulus of the process simulation of yellow liquid, at the same illustrate glomerulus to blood filtering when, it is red in blood
Cell is not filtered across.
（3）When weak yellow liquid in the inner chamber of housing 2 flows into woven hose 5 by housing outlets 22, due to the lower end of woven hose 5
The effect of cotton so that weak yellow liquid flows downward to be hindered by cotton, thus most light yellow liquids in woven hose 5
Body flows into spiral section 411 by multiple mozzles 6 and mixed with the red liquid flowed into from segmental arc 412 in spiral section 411,
Mixed eventually through the 3rd three-way pipe 8 with the red liquid in the second connecting pipe 42, from only having that the lower end of woven hose 5 is flowed out
Sub-fraction weak yellow liquid, simulates the reabsorption of renal tubule.
The concentration of the methyl orange solution configured in the present embodiment is low so that the color of methyl orange solution is in faint yellow, and to
It is optimal that methyl orange solution, which becomes cerise, after a small amount of dilute HCl of methyl orange solution addition；It is put into filter vat 31 appropriate
NaOH particles, it is optimal with slight surplus after dilute HCl reactions to make it.
The Nephron model of the present embodiment it is simple in construction, be easy to make, in teaching process, students can take action on one's own
The Nephron model is made, the raw material used is made and mainly utilizes the Coke bottle and mineral water bottle discarded in daily life, not only
It is with low cost, and defective work can be recycled, there is environmental protection, meanwhile, the Nephron model can lively shape
As the filtration and reabsorption of the simulation nephron, abstract knowwhy is intuitively changed, visualized, can build light
Loose happy academic environment, can enhance memory, students is quickly grasped the filtration and reabsorption of the nephron again
Knowledge, beneficial to improving the quality of teaching.In addition, filtration and reabsorption of the Nephron model in simulation urine is formed
When, all can the amount of having change and the change of color, wherein, the change of analog quantity, it is necessary to by means of the relevant knowledge in physics,
Analog color changes, it is necessary to by means of the relevant knowledge of soda acid in chemistry, that is to say, that in the making of the model, known with biology
Knowledge is served as theme, the subject knowledge such as organic infiltration physics, chemistry, and the knowledge of application has stronger subject convergence, therefore can be complete
Improve the quality of science of students, the knowledge integration ability of training student in face.
Described above is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and protection domain of the present utility model is not limited merely to
Above-described embodiment.To those of ordinary skill in the art, the gained under the premise of the utility model technical concept is not departed from
To modifications and variations also should be regarded as protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Nephron model, including filter and reabsorption device, it is characterised in that：The filter includes first
Three-way pipe（1）, housing（2）Be located in housing（2）Filter element in inner chamber（3）, the housing（2）Provided with housing inlet port
（21）And housing outlets（22）, first three-way pipe（1）Including input（11）, the first output end（12）With the second output end
（13）, first output end（12）Through the housing inlet port（21）With the filter element（3）Connection, the reabsorption dress
Put including woven hose（5）With with second output end（13）The connecting pipe of connection（4）, the woven hose（5）One end with
The housing outlets（22）Connection, the woven hose（5）The other end be provided with current-limiting apparatus, the woven hose（5）Provided with multiple
With the connecting pipe（4）The mozzle of connection（6）.
2. Nephron model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filter element（3）Including filter vat（31）,
The filter vat（31）Top be provided with through hole（311）, first output end（12）Through the through hole（311）It extend into institute
State filter vat（31）Inner chamber, the filter vat（31）Be provided with inner chamber is in netted coil（32）, the filter vat（31）Bottom
Portion is provided with multiple filter bores（312）.
3. Nephron model according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The housing（2）With the filter vat（31）
For transparent material product.
4. Nephron model according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Multiple filter bores（312）Uniform intervals cloth
Put.
5. Nephron model according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Nephron model also includes the second three-way pipe
（7）, the connecting pipe（4）Including the first connecting pipe（41）With the second connecting pipe（42）, first connecting pipe
（41）With second connecting pipe（42）Include receiving terminal and output end, second three-way pipe（7）One opening with
Second output end（13）Connection, second three-way pipe（7）Two other opening respectively correspond to be connected with described first
Pipeline（41）Receiving terminal and second connecting pipe（42）Receiving terminal connection, first connecting pipe（41）Output
End and second connecting pipe（42）Output end pass through the 3rd three-way pipe（8）Connection, multiple mozzles（6）With it is described
First connecting pipe（41）Connection.
6. Nephron model according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：First connecting pipe（41）Including segmental arc
（412）With with segmental arc（412）The helically formula of connection is around being located at the woven hose（5）On spiral section（411）, the arc
Section（412）Provided with the receiving terminal, the spiral section（411）Provided with the output end, multiple mozzles（6）With the spiral shell
Revolve section（411）Connection.
7. Nephron model according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The woven hose（5）Diameter, the segmental arc
（412）Diameter and second connecting pipe（42）Diameter be all higher than the spiral section（411）Diameter, the spiral section
（411）Diameter be more than the mozzle（6）Diameter.
8. Nephron model according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The woven hose（5）White, described first connects
Adapter road（41）With second connecting pipe（42）Take on a red color.
9. Nephron model according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that：The current-limiting apparatus is to fill in
Woven hose（5）Cotton in inner chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720072051.4U CN206460708U (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Nephron model |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720072051.4U CN206460708U (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Nephron model |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206460708U true CN206460708U (en) | 2017-09-01 |
Family
ID=59699299
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720072051.4U Expired - Fee Related CN206460708U (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2017-01-20 | Nephron model |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206460708U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112890812A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-04 | 丹阳慧创医疗设备有限公司 | Method, device and system for checking effectiveness of near infrared spectrum imaging equipment |
-
2017
- 2017-01-20 CN CN201720072051.4U patent/CN206460708U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112890812A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-04 | 丹阳慧创医疗设备有限公司 | Method, device and system for checking effectiveness of near infrared spectrum imaging equipment |
| CN112890812B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2023-08-01 | 丹阳慧创医疗设备有限公司 | Method, device and system for checking effectiveness of near infrared spectrum imaging equipment |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170901 Termination date: 20190120 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |