CN206459913U - Electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument - Google Patents
Electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN206459913U CN206459913U CN201720106190.4U CN201720106190U CN206459913U CN 206459913 U CN206459913 U CN 206459913U CN 201720106190 U CN201720106190 U CN 201720106190U CN 206459913 U CN206459913 U CN 206459913U
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Abstract
The electromagnetic current that the utility model is provided becomes direct shear test instrument, applies tangential force to soil sample using electromagnetic force or applies the electromagnetism force loading system of axial force and tangential force to soil sample.The utility model is pressed by electromagnetism force loading system to soil sample, substantially it is that make use of electromagnet principle, the electromagnetic force produced between electromagnet is put in soil sample by certain way rheology direct shear test is carried out to soil sample, the power applied in this way to soil sample is controllable, and loading is stable；The utility model is capable of shear force value suffered during the critical point of exact test acquisition soil sample generation shearing deformation, and it can accurately measure the relation between soil sample stress and shear displacemant, contribute to the rheological equationm of state and its rule of further investigation soil sample, the operability of experiment and the accuracy of test data are effectively improved, is had broad application prospects in terms of soil sample rheology direct shear test.The utility model small volume, cost is low, is adapted to commonly used.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of rheology direct shear test instrument, and in particular to a kind of electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument.
Background technology
Rock-soil material occur under external force and engineering impact on environment, mostly with the mechanical behavior of time correlation, if simultaneously by
Influenced each other to the change of stress field, temperature field or seepage field, or each other, the change in soil sample rheology deformation path can be caused
Change and deformation accelerates, finally occur engineering project disaster, such as mud-rock flow, landslide and landslide, production and life to the mankind are brought
Very big harm, therefore, further investigate rock-soil material the rheological equationm of state and its rule, be always one, rock-soil mechanics field very
Important engineering Application Research content, and at present in the rheology direct shear test of soil sample, used rheology direct shear test instrument is present
The shortcomings of volume is excessive, pressure-loaded value is more fixed, external influence factor is more when pressurizeing, directly affects rheology direct shearing test
As a result accuracy.
The Chinese patent of existing Application No. " 201110321240.8 " discloses a kind of Intelligent soil engineering shear rheometer,
It realizes the rheological test under bidirectional load effect by counterweight loading system, but soil sample is applied by the way of loading counterweight
Plus shearing force and axial force, whole system can shake after loading, influence the mechanical characteristic of soil sample rheology staight scissors；And it is current
Used counterweight is manufactured according to certain standard and counterweight has certain error in itself, so can not be by loading weight
Code obtains soil sample and occurs accurate shear force value required during the critical point of shearing deformation.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to design, a kind of pressure controllable is adjustable, and loading is stable, can obtain the soil sample rheology of accurate test data
Direct shear test instrument.
Utility model content
In view of this, the utility model provides a kind of small volume, and pressure controllable is adjustable, and loading is stable, can effectively improve
The electromagnetic current of the operability of experiment and the accuracy of test data becomes direct shear test instrument.
The electromagnetic current that the utility model is provided becomes direct shear test instrument, and tangential force or right is applied to soil sample using electromagnetic force
Soil sample applies the electromagnetism force loading system of axial force and tangential force；
Further, the electromagnetism force loading system includes being arranged at the vertical loading system at the axial two ends of soil sample and is arranged at
The horizontal addload system of soil sample axial direction both sides；
Further, in addition to for placing soil sample the sample apparatus for placing of shearing test, the sample apparatus for placing are carried out
It is arranged between horizontal addload system and vertical loading system；
Further, the vertical loading system includes the top electromagnet for being horizontally placed on the axial two ends of sample apparatus for placing
And bottom electromagnet；The horizontal addload system includes being vertically arranged at the tangential electromagnet I of the axial both sides of sample apparatus for placing
With tangential electromagnet II；
Further, the sample apparatus for placing is shear box, and the shear box is by the down cut box and Ke Shui that are fixedly installed
The dynamic upper shear box alignment of translation is connected to form；
Further, the down cut box is provided with the blind round hole for installing soil sample bottom, and the upper shear box is set
There is the manhole being engaged with blind round hole for installing soil sample top；
Further, the bottom electromagnet is fixedly installed in down cut cassette bottom portion, and the top electromagnet is with can be along circle
The mode that through hole is moved up and down is arranged at the top of shear box, and the size of the bottom electromagnet is more than the chi of top electromagnet
It is very little；
Further, the horizontal addload system is also including for being fixedly mounted the installing plate I of tangential electromagnet I and for solid
Dingan County fills the installing plate II of tangential electromagnet II；The installing plate I is respectively arranged at the axial both sides of shear box with installing plate II, and
And installing plate I is fixedly connected on shear box；
Further, in addition to deformeter, the deformeter passes through the horizontal displacement of the upper shear box of test and obtained
The shear displacemant of soil sample；
Further, the permeable stone for permeating draining is also included；The permeable stone is two pieces, is respectively arranged at soil sample axle
To two ends, specially one piece is arranged between sample apparatus for placing and soil sample bottom, and one piece is arranged at the top of soil sample and top electricity
Between magnet.
The beneficial effects of the utility model：Electromagnetic current of the present utility model becomes direct shear test instrument, and system is loaded by electromagnetic force
System presses to soil sample, is substantially that make use of electromagnet principle, the electromagnetic force produced between electromagnet is applied by certain way
It is added in soil sample and rheology direct shear test is carried out to soil sample, the power applied in this way to soil sample is controllable, and loading is stable；
Changing rule in electromagnet between electric current and electromagnetic force is found by demarcation, then electricity is controlled by changing the size of electric current
The size of magnetic force, so as to apply specified pressure to soil sample, this mode, which changes existing rheology direct shear apparatus, can only apply fixation
The shortcoming of pressure, the pressure controllable of application is adjustable.
The utility model applies tangential force to soil sample using electromagnetism force loading system or applies axially and tangentially power to soil sample,
Electromagnetic force size is controlled by changing electric current, can continue slowly to apply tangential force to soil sample, finally being capable of exact test
Obtain soil sample and occur shear force value suffered during the critical point of shearing deformation, and can accurately measure soil sample stress and shearing
Relation between displacement, and then shearing strength of the soil sample under axially different pressure is obtained, it is actual and soil soft or hard according to engineering
Degree applies axial compressive forces at different levels, to measure corresponding soil classifiction, help to further investigate the rheological equationm of state of soil sample and
Its rule.
The utility model solves existing utilization gravitational load system can not accurately obtain soil to soil sample application tangential force
During sample shearing deformation critical point the problem of shearing force size, be effectively improved experiment operability and test data it is accurate
Property, had broad application prospects in terms of soil sample rheology direct shear test.The utility model small volume, cost is low, is adapted to universal
Using.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
Fig. 1 is the front view that electromagnetic current of the present utility model becomes direct shear test instrument principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is the top view that electromagnetic current of the present utility model becomes direct shear test instrument principle schematic.
In figure：1st, substrate；2nd, bottom electromagnet；3rd, down cut box；4th, upper shear box；5th, top electromagnet；6th, permeable stone；
7th, soil sample；8th, installing plate I；9th, installing plate II；10th, tangential electromagnet I；11st, tangential electromagnet II；12nd, dial gauge.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the front view that electromagnetic current of the present utility model becomes direct shear test instrument principle schematic, and Fig. 2 is the utility model
Electromagnetic current become direct shear test instrument principle schematic top view.As shown in the figure：The electromagnetic current of the present embodiment becomes direct shear test instrument,
Apply tangential force to soil sample 7 using electromagnetic force or apply the electromagnetism force loading system of axial force and tangential force to soil sample；This
Locate the tangential finger soil sample by the direction sheared, tangential force is shearing force.Soil sample is pressed by electromagnetism force loading system,
Substantially it is that make use of electromagnet principle, the electromagnetic force produced between electromagnet is put in soil sample to soil by certain way
Sample carries out rheology direct shear test, and the power applied in this way to soil sample is controllable, and loading is stable；Electromagnetism described herein
Iron principle refers specifically to that between electromagnet electromagnetic force can be produced, and the electromagnetic force is attraction or repulsive force；During concrete operations, pass through
The changing rule in electromagnet between electric current and electromagnetic force is found in demarcation, then controls electromagnetic force by changing the size of electric current
Size so as to soil sample apply specified pressure, this mode, which changes existing rheology direct shear apparatus, can only apply fixation pressure
Shortcoming, the pressure controllable of application is adjustable.The utility model applies tangential force to soil sample or to soil using electromagnetism force loading system
Sample applies axially and tangentially power, specifically includes two kinds of situations, and one of which situation is that axial force and tangential force pass through electromagnetic force
Loading system applies, and another situation is that tangential force is applied by electromagnetism force loading system, and axial force passes through gravitational load system
The loading system of system or other power applies；Both of which can control electromagnetic force size by changing electric current, continue slow
Ground applies tangential force to soil sample, is finally capable of shearing suffered during the critical point of exact test acquisition soil sample generation shearing deformation
Force value, and the relation between soil sample stress and shear displacemant can be accurately measured, and then soil sample is obtained in axially different pressure
Under shearing strength；Axial compressive forces at different levels are applied according to actual and soil the soft or hard degree of engineering, to measure the shearing resistance of corresponding soil
Intensity, helps to further investigate the rheological equationm of state and its rule of soil sample.Axial force is applied to soil sample by electromagnetism force loading system
It is the principle using attraction between electromagnet, and soil sample is applied tangential force utilizes electromagnet by electromagnetism force loading system and inhaled
The principle of repulsive force between the principle or electromagnet of gravitation.The utility model solves existing utilization gravitational load system pair
The problem of soil sample applies shearing force size when tangential force can not accurately obtain soil sample shearing deformation critical point, is effectively improved examination
The operability and the accuracy of test data tested, have broad application prospects in terms of soil sample rheology direct shear test.
In the present embodiment, the electromagnetism force loading system include being arranged at the vertical loading system at the axial two ends of soil sample 7 and
It is arranged at the horizontal addload system of the axial both sides of soil sample 7；The axial two ends of this place soil sample and axial both sides are referred specifically to, and soil sample is vertical
During placement, soil sample upper and lower ends are the axial two ends of soil sample, and the soil sample left and right sides is the axial both sides of soil sample.Pass through horizontal addload system
Apply tangential force to soil sample and axial force, the axial force and tangential force applied are applied to soil sample by vertical loading system
Adjust controllable, loading is stable, results in exact test data, contribute to the rheological equationm of state and its rule of preferably research soil sample.
In the present embodiment, axial force is applied to soil sample by vertical loading system and soil sample applied by horizontal addload system
Plus tangential force is the principle using attraction between electromagnet.
In the present embodiment, do not interfered between the horizontal addload system and vertical loading system.
In the present embodiment, in addition to for placing the sample apparatus for placing of the progress shearing test of soil sample 7, the sample is placed
Device is arranged between horizontal addload system and vertical loading system；Soil sample need to be only positioned in sample apparatus for placing, then led to
Cross vertical loading system and horizontal addload system and axial force and shearing force are applied to soil sample, you can carry out soil sample shearing test, and
The high test data of accuracy can be obtained, apparatus structure is simple, it is easy to accomplish, it is workable.
In the present embodiment, the vertical loading system includes being horizontally placed on the top electricity at the axial two ends of sample apparatus for placing
Magnet 5 and bottom electromagnet 2；The horizontal addload system includes being vertically arranged at the tangential electricity of the axial both sides of sample apparatus for placing
Magnet I 10 and tangential electromagnet II 11；The axial two ends of this place sample apparatus for placing and axial both sides are referred specifically to, and sample is placed and filled
When putting vertical placement, sample apparatus for placing upper and lower ends are the axial two ends of sample apparatus for placing, the sample apparatus for placing left and right sides
For the axial both sides of sample apparatus for placing.Two blocks of electromagnet can be adjusted by adjusting the electric current of top electromagnet and bottom electromagnet
Between attraction, and then adjustable controllable axial compressive force, i.e. axial force are applied to soil sample；By adjusting the tangential He of electromagnet I
Electric current in tangential electromagnet II applies adjustable controllable shearing to adjust the attraction between two blocks of electromagnet to soil sample
Power；Apparatus structure is simple, workable.
In the present embodiment, electromagnetic force is attraction between the top electromagnet 5 and bottom electromagnet 2；The tangential electricity
Electromagnetic force is attraction between magnet I 10 and tangential electromagnet II 11.
In the present embodiment, the sample apparatus for placing is shear box, and the shear box is by the He of down cut box 3 that is fixedly installed
The horizontally movable alignment of upper shear box 4 is connected to form；It is simple in construction using shear box, it is convenient for the rheology staight scissors examination of soil sample
Test.
In the present embodiment, the down cut box 3 is provided with the blind round hole for installing the bottom of soil sample 7, the upper shearing
Box 4 is provided with the manhole being engaged with blind round hole for installing the top of soil sample 7；The manhole and blind round hole
Diameter is identical, and blind round hole is engaged with manhole to be facilitated the installation of soil sample and fix, and manhole is easy to vertical loading system
System applies axial compressive force to soil sample.
In the present embodiment, the bottom electromagnet 2 is fixedly installed in the bottom of down cut box 3, and the top electromagnet 5 is with can
The upper top of shear box 4 is arranged at along the mode that manhole is moved up and down, the size of the bottom electromagnet 2 is more than top electromagnetism
The size of iron 5；Axial compressive force is applied to soil sample by the attraction between top electromagnet and bottom electromagnet, be can ensure that simultaneously
In process of the test, the scope of bottom electromagnet will not be deflected away from after top electromagnet movement.
In the present embodiment, the top electromagnet 5 is circle, and its internal diameter is equal to the manhole diameter of upper shear box 4；Make
Top electromagnet can be moved up and down along manhole, realize the uniform pressure to soil sample.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal addload system also includes the installing plate I 8 for being used to tangential electromagnet I 10 is fixedly mounted
With the installing plate II 9 for tangential electromagnet II 11 to be fixedly mounted；The installing plate I 8 is respectively arranged at shearing with installing plate II 9
Box axial direction both sides, and installing plate I 8 is fixedly connected on shear box 4；Shear box axial both sides in this place are referred specifically to, and will be sheared
When box is placed vertically, shear box upper and lower ends are the axial two ends of shear box, and the shear box left and right sides is the axial both sides of shear box.Peace
Dress plate I 8 can be specifically connected through a screw thread with upper shear box 4, and welding the mode such as is integrally formed and is fixedly connected.Will tangential electricity
Magnet I is fixedly installed on horizontally movable upper shear box, can simply and easily be realized and be utilized tangential electromagnet I and tangential electricity
Attraction between magnet II applies the purpose of shearing force to soil sample, using the transmission of power, and principle is simple, workable；When
When attraction between tangential electromagnet I and tangential electromagnet II reaches the shearing force size for making soil sample occur shearing deformation, peace
Filling plate I 8 will drive upper shear box occurred level to move, and now set a deformeter to measure the shearing position of generation
Move.
In the present embodiment, to ensure the stability for the shearing force that horizontal addload system applies, tangential electromagnet I and tangential electricity
The size of magnet II is identical.
In the present embodiment, the installing plate I 8 is formed in one with upper shear box 4, and good integrity is simple in construction.
In the present embodiment, in addition to horizontally disposed substrate 1, the substrate 1 is for being fixedly mounted bottom electromagnet 2 and peace
Fill plate II 9；The setting of substrate can make device be in horizontality, to ensure the accuracy for obtaining data；Bottom electromagnet and peace
The fixation for filling plate II can be by setting the modes such as groove to realize on substrate；Guarantee test process bottom electromagnet and bottom electricity
Down cut box that magnet is fixedly connected, the tangential electromagnet II being installed on installing plate II are in fixed state, with
Just the rheology direct shear test of soil sample is carried out.
In the present embodiment, in addition to deformeter, the horizontal displacement that the deformeter passes through the upper shear box 4 of test
Obtain the shear displacemant of soil sample；Shear displacemant and the shearing force of corresponding application are collected by recording, contributes to further investigation soil
The rheological equationm of state and its rule of sample.
In the present embodiment, the deformeter is dial gauge 12, and the dial gauge 12 is horizontally installed to installing plate II 9
On, probe is directly in contact with upper shear box 4；Shear displacemant is recorded by dial gauge, easy for installation, data are accurate and are easy to read
Take.It is to be based on this test instrument to apply tangential force to soil sample using attraction between electromagnet that dial gauge is installed in this way, i.e.,
It is attraction between tangential electromagnet I and tangential electromagnet II in this test instrument.
In the present embodiment, the distance between the installing plate II 9 and upper shear box 4 are set to dial gauge 12 and are in loosen shape
Probe just touches the distance of shear box during state.
In the present embodiment, also include the permeable stone 6 for permeating draining；The permeable stone 6 is two pieces, is respectively arranged at
The axial two ends of soil sample 7, specially one piece is arranged between sample apparatus for placing and the bottom of soil sample 7, and one piece is arranged at the top of soil sample 7
Between top electromagnet 5；In process of the test, the water penetration allowed in soil sample is discharged.
In the present embodiment, one piece of permeable stone 6 is arranged between the hole bottom of down cut box 3 and the bottom of soil sample 7；Another piece thoroughly
Water stone 6 is arranged between top electromagnet 5 and the top of soil sample 7.
In the present embodiment, the permeable stone 6 is circle, and diameter is equal to the manhole aperture of upper shear box, is beneficial to
The uniform application of axial force.
In the present embodiment, the bottom electromagnet 2, tangential electromagnet I 10, tangential electromagnet II are square.
In the present embodiment, it is cylinder to make soil sample 7 to be measured, and diameter is the diameter of shear box mesopore, be on
The diameter of the manhole of shear box 4 or the blind round hole of down cut box 3；Ensure to measure the accuracy of experimental data；Make making
Soil sample 7 can half be positioned in shear box 4, half is positioned in down cut box 3, it is ensured that shear surface is at the middle part of soil sample 7.
In the present embodiment, the shear box, substrate 1, installing plate I 8, installing plate II 9 are prepared using nonmetallic materials；Keep away
Exempt from attraction between influence electromagnet, to obtain accurate data.
The electromagnetic current of the present embodiment becomes direct shear test instrument, and small volume, cost is low, is adapted to commonly used.
Before experiment, the changing rule of attraction between electric current and electromagnet in electromagnet is obtained by demarcation, energization electricity is drawn
The graph of a relation of attraction between stream and electromagnet；Then become direct shear test instrument by above-mentioned electromagnetic current to be tested, including following step
Suddenly：
1) experimental rig is assembled：Comprise the following steps：
A, bottom electromagnet and installing plate II be fixedly installed on substrate；
B, the shear box for being placed with permeable stone is fixedly installed in bottom electromagnet；
C, tangential electromagnet I and tangential electromagnet II be fixedly installed on installing plate I and installing plate II respectively；
D, dial gauge level is fixedly installed on installing plate II, the probe of dial gauge is in contact with upper shear box；
(2) soil sample to be measured is put into shear box, permeable stone is placed in soil sample, top electromagnet is positioned over permeable stone
On；
(3) initial value in record dial gauge, is then powered to electromagnet, adjusts the size of electric current to control electromagnetism
Attraction between iron, and then the axial force and tangential force specified are applied to soil sample；
(4) change size of current test soil sample and the shearing force of shearing deformation and shearing position occur under the effect of axially different power
Move.Axial force and shearing force are drawn by the graph of a relation of attraction between electrical current and electromagnet；And shear displacemant passes through record
Numerical value in dial gauge when shearing, then subtracts initial value and can obtain.Pass through obtained axially different power soil under action
The shearing force and shear displacemant that shearing deformation occurs for sample can further study the rheological equationm of state and its rule of soil sample to be measured.
Finally illustrate, above example is only unrestricted to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, although ginseng
The utility model is described in detail according to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this
The technical scheme of utility model is modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the objective and model of technical solutions of the utility model
Enclose, it all should cover among right of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：Apply tangential force to soil sample or to soil using electromagnetic force
Sample applies the electromagnetism force loading system of axial force and tangential force.
2. electromagnetic current according to claim 1 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The electromagnetism force loading system includes
The vertical loading system for being arranged at the axial two ends of soil sample and the horizontal addload system for being arranged at the axial both sides of soil sample.
3. electromagnetic current according to claim 2 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：Also include being used to place soil sample progress
The sample apparatus for placing of shearing test, the sample apparatus for placing is arranged between horizontal addload system and vertical loading system.
4. electromagnetic current according to claim 3 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The vertical loading system includes water
The flat top electromagnet and bottom electromagnet for being arranged at the axial two ends of sample apparatus for placing；The horizontal addload system includes vertical
It is arranged at the tangential electromagnet I and tangential electromagnet II of the axial both sides of sample apparatus for placing.
5. electromagnetic current according to claim 4 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The sample apparatus for placing is shearing
Box, the shear box is connected to form by the down cut box being fixedly installed and horizontally movable upper shear box alignment.
6. electromagnetic current according to claim 5 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The down cut box, which is provided with, to be used for
The blind round hole of soil sample bottom is installed, the upper shear box is provided with the circle being engaged with blind round hole for installing soil sample top
Shape through hole.
7. electromagnetic current according to claim 6 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The bottom electromagnet is fixedly mounted
In down cut cassette bottom portion, the top electromagnet is arranged in the way of it can be moved up and down along manhole at the top of upper shear box,
The size of the bottom electromagnet is more than the size of top electromagnet.
8. electromagnetic current according to claim 7 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：The horizontal addload system also includes
For the installing plate I of tangential electromagnet I and installing plate II for tangential electromagnet II to be fixedly mounted to be fixedly mounted；It is described to install
Plate I is respectively arranged at the axial both sides of shear box with installing plate II, and installing plate I is fixedly connected on shear box.
9. electromagnetic current according to claim 8 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：Also include deformeter, it is described
Deformeter obtains the shear displacemant of soil sample by the horizontal displacement of the upper shear box of test.
10. electromagnetic current according to claim 9 becomes direct shear test instrument, it is characterised in that：Also include for permeating draining
Permeable stone；The permeable stone is 2 pieces, is respectively arranged at the axial two ends of soil sample, specially one piece is arranged at sample apparatus for placing
Between soil sample bottom, one piece is arranged at the top of soil sample between top electromagnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720106190.4U CN206459913U (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720106190.4U CN206459913U (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2017-01-23 | Electromagnetic current becomes direct shear test instrument |
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ID=59694371
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706447A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆科技学院 | Rheological direct-shear test device based on electromagnetic force |
| CN109406301A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-01 | 新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院 | Combined indoor consolidates boxshear apparatus |
-
2017
- 2017-01-23 CN CN201720106190.4U patent/CN206459913U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106706447A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆科技学院 | Rheological direct-shear test device based on electromagnetic force |
| CN109406301A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-01 | 新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院 | Combined indoor consolidates boxshear apparatus |
| CN109406301B (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2024-04-26 | 新疆维吾尔自治区交通规划勘察设计研究院 | Combined indoor consolidation shearing instrument |
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