CN206424766U - A kind of wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler - Google Patents
A kind of wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model has been related to a kind of wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler.The system includes the high-temperature flue gas flue and low-temperature flue gas that appropriate location is drawn between being arranged at each heating surface of boiler tail vertical well gas flue along boiler smoke flow direction and draws flue, the fly ash separator of boiler side, low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue, urea pyrolysis room/flue, urea solution metering system, urea spray gun, low-temperature flue gas main branch flue, mix flue, gas proportioning damper, flue gas closes baffle plate, one-level static mixer or multistage static mixer, denitration flue, Benitration reactor and corresponding measuring instrumentss.The system draws high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas respectively from boiler back end ductwork, the flue gas flow that high/low temperature flue gas flow provides optimal flue-gas temperature and optimization for urea pyrolysis reaction is adjusted by controllable register under the wide loading condiction of boiler, and the requirement of SCR inlet flue-gas temperature is met in underload, realize wide load denitration.The system is fully able to meet under denitration efficiencies of the SCR more than 95%, the requirement of stream field and concentration field.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a variety of pattern denitration of boiler smoke technical fields, and in particular to a kind of wide load bar of boiler
Urea direct-injection pyrolysis denitrating system with cigarette temperature regulatory function under part.
Background technology
At present, denitration of boiler smoke technology mainly uses selective catalytic reduction (SCR), and its reducing agent ammonia is main with ammonia
Water, liquefied ammonia or urea etc. are made up of raw material.Ammoniacal liquor safe class is relatively low, but warehousing and transportation facilities volume is larger, and gas ammonia, which is made, to be needed greatly
The heat energy of amount, initial cost and operating cost are higher, few to use;Liquefied ammonia technique is simple, and investment and operating cost are relatively low, but liquefied ammonia
Belong to harmful influence, safe class requires higher, and place examination & approval limitation is more;Urea is in itself without safe class requirement, and accumulating is convenient,
But urea, which is decomposed, needs higher heat energy.
Urea ammonia process can be divided into urea pyrolysis method and ureal antigen.The load follow phase of hydrolysis of urea Ammonia Process
To poor, when load fluctuation is larger, it is difficult realization and automatically controls;Its hydrolyzer belongs to pressure vessel, and pipeline easily corrodes
Crystallization, maintenance is more.Preferably, system is relatively easy, stable, in boiler smoke for the load follow of urea pyrolysis Ammonia Process
Qi exhaustion nitre field is more to use the method, but multiple projects also occur in that crystalline polamer.Urea pyrolysis Ammonia Process can be divided into tradition
Pyrolysis oven Ammonia Process and urea direct-injection pyrolysis Ammonia Process.Conventional urea is pyrolyzed ammonia processed and powers up heater frequently with heat primary air
Or gas-gas heat exchanger, operating cost height, system design complexity.For example, according to the difference of ature of coal, 600MW grade boiler smokes
Denitrification apparatus urea pyrolysis ammonia system uses heat primary air to add electrically heated power consumption for 500~2000kWh/h, high energy consumption and fortune
Row cost is big;Chinese patent literature CN103191640B discloses a kind of SCR denitration reducing agent urea pyrolysis thermal source supply method
And device, gas-gas heat exchanger is arranged in boiler internal, the heat primary air in heat exchanger is heated to urine using boiler hot flue gas
Plain pyrolysis temperature, but because the pressure of heat primary air generally can not meet urea pyrolysis system and the required pressure of ammonia injection
Power is, it is necessary to install booster fan and associated shunt and cooling water system additional, while the utilization rate of boiler heating surface declines;Due to heat one
Secondary wind dustiness is larger, easily causes booster fan abrasion and heat exchanger is blocked;Although the technology reduce urea pyrolysis thermal source into
This, but system design is still more complicated, and space-consuming is big, and investment and operating cost are of a relatively high;Conventional pyrolytic stove is urinated due to spraying into
Temperature drop is too fast after plain solution, inequality of being heated, and easily causes crystalline polamer.Boiler internal urea direct-injection pyrolysis system directly will
Urea liquid sprays into boiler internal and carries out ammonia processed, and such as Chinese patent literature CN104891529A discloses a kind of urea direct-injection pyrolysis
Ammonia system and method processed, although simple system, but because boiler structure and cigarette temperature distributional difference are larger, in afterbody twin flue pot
Suitable temperature range and structure space are can not find in the type of furnaces such as stove, tower-type furnace, heated surface corrosion is easily caused;Due to boiler load
Change, it is difficult to meet the service requirement of boiler different load, applicability is poor.Boiler exterior utilizes and bypasses urea pyrolysis ammonia system
System, such as Chinese patent literature CN205133164U proposes the urea direct injection technology using bypass, because bypass setting is to carry
High denitration inlet flue gas temperature service, exhaust gas volumn is larger, and cigarette speed is higher, and the time of urea pyrolysis reaction is extremely short, it is impossible to control entrance cigarette
Temperature, applicability is excessively poor.
The content of the invention
To overcome the problem of prior art is present, the wide load denitrating flue gas background of the utility model bonded boiler proposes one
Plant the urea direct-injection pyrolysis denitration minimum discharge system under the wide loading condiction of boiler with cigarette temperature regulatory function.The system is to boiler
Heating surface utilization rate and power plant thermal efficiency influence are smaller, can solve the crystallisation problems of Conventional urea pyrolysis.
The technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of adjustable urea pyrolysis reative cell entrance flue gas temperature and flow and can improving is taken off under the conditions of boiler at low load
The urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of nitre entrance flue gas temperature, including high-temperature flue gas draw flue (small bore), low temperature cigarette
Gas is drawn flue (heavy in section), low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue (small bore), low-temperature flue gas main branch flue (heavy in section) and mixed
Close flue (heavy in section), the fly ash separator of boiler side, urea pyrolysis room/flue, mixing flue, controllable register, close baffle plate,
Expansion joint, static mixer, denitration flue, Benitration reactor and corresponding measuring instrumentss etc..The system is by controlling high-temperature flue gas
The exhaust gas volumn that flue and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue are drawn is drawn, is reacted for urea pyrolysis and provides optimal flue-gas temperature and excellent
The flue gas flow of change, is injected urea solution into urea pyrolysis room/flue (small bore) using urea spray gun and carries out urea heat
Solution;In denitration entrance flue gas temperature spray ammonia temperature minimum higher than denitration, close low-temperature flue gas main branch flue and close baffle plate, with
Keep the heat exchange efficiency of boiler;In denitration entrance flue gas temperature spray ammonia temperature minimum less than denitration, the main branch of low-temperature flue gas is opened
Road flue closes baffle plate, and denitration inlet flue gas temperature is brought up to more than the minimum spray ammonia temperature of denitration, realizes that the wide load of boiler smoke takes off
Nitre;Finally, ensure uniformity that ammonia and nitrogen oxides mix to realize boiler smoke by one or more levels static mixing technology
The minimum discharge of middle nitrogen oxides.
Preferably, it is reduction system cost, high temperature can be drawn to the boiler that flue is arranged on 480~660 DEG C of flue-gas temperature
Afterwards at vertical well gas flue, low temperature is drawn flue and is arranged on after the boiler of 400~500 DEG C of flue-gas temperature at vertical well gas flue.
Preferably, high-temperature flue gas extraction flue can be arranged on by a grade low-temp according to boiler type and cigarette temperature distribution situation
Superheater or two grade low-temp superheater entrances, three-level low temperature superheater or one-level economizer are arranged on by low-temperature flue gas extraction flue
Or two grades of economizer entrances.
Preferably, in the case where the flue-gas temperature of the minimum denitration operating load of boiler meets the minimum spray ammonia temperature of denitration,
Low temperature main branch flue and mixing flue can be not provided with.
Preferably, high-temperature flue gas can be drawn to flue and low-temperature flue gas draws flue and is arranged on boiler rear portion or sidepiece.
Preferably, in such scheme, (small section of flue (small bore) and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue are drawn in high-temperature flue gas
Face) controllable register (or regulating valve) is set, set in low-temperature flue gas main branch flue (heavy in section) and close baffle plate, can be in different pots
Flue-gas temperature and flue gas flow are adjusted to the optimization required for urea pyrolysis by controllable register (or regulating valve) under stove load
Index, while setting expansion joint absorbing thermal expansion in flue relevant position.
Preferably, high-temperature flue gas draw flue (small bore) and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue (small bore) can be rectangle or
Circle, low-temperature flue gas draws flue (heavy in section), low-temperature flue gas main branch flue (heavy in section) and mixing flue (heavy in section) and is
Rectangle.
Preferably, the pot in front of flue (small bore) and low-temperature flue gas extraction flue (heavy in section) can be drawn in high-temperature flue gas
Furnace side sets fly ash separator, to reduce the dust that flue is drawn into high/low temperature;Fly ash separator is arranged on before extraction flue
Boiler side, most of flying dust in flue gas is blocked in outside introducing flue under the influence of centrifugal force, fly ash separator pattern
For baffle plate type.
Preferably, under the conditions of boiler tail twin flue, using the temperature adjustment baffle plate of boiler twin flue, to adjust height
Warm flue gas draws the flue gas pressure difference of flue and denitration gas approach, and adjustment high/low temperature draws the flue gas flow of flue.
Preferably, in boiler tail single flue, controllable register is set in denitration gas approach, to adjust high/low temperature flue gas
The flue gas pressure difference of flue and denitration gas approach is drawn, adjustment high/low temperature draws the flue gas flow of flue.
Preferably, as needed, flue gas/ammonia static mixer uses one or more levels Mixed Design, to strengthen flue gas
The uniformity mixed with ammonia.
Preferably, the urea liquid of penetrating can be replaced with ammoniacal liquor.
Technical process of the present utility model can be divided into two kinds of situations:It is higher than the minimum spray ammonia of denitration in denitration entrance flue gas temperature
During temperature, low-temperature flue gas main branch flue (heavy in section) is closed, regulation high-temperature flue gas draws flue (small bore) and low-temperature flue gas
The controllable register adjustment flue gas flow of secondary branch road flue (small bore), is mixed high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas, then will
Urea liquid, which is sprayed into, carries out urea pyrolysis reaction in urea pyrolysis room/flue, the blended flue of ammonia for reacting generation enters de-
Smoke of gunpowder road is simultaneously mixed in the presence of the mixing arrangements such as static mixer with the nitrogen oxides in flue gas, finally occurs redox
Reaction.Denitration entrance flue gas temperature less than denitration it is minimum spray ammonia temperature when, regulation high-temperature flue gas draw flue (small bore) and
The controllable register adjustment flue gas flow of low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue (small bore), makes high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas two-way flue gas
Mixed, injected urea solution into urea pyrolysis room/flue, then carry out urea pyrolysis reaction, the ammonia generated after reaction
A large amount of flue gases that gas is introduced with low-temperature flue gas main branch flue (open and close baffle plate) are mixed, and then blended flue enters
Denitration flue to improve denitration entrance flue gas temperature, subsequent ammonia in the presence of the mixing arrangements such as static mixer with flue gas
Nitrogen oxides mixing, finally occur redox reaction.
The utility model having the beneficial effect that against existing technologies:
1st, under the wide loading condiction of boiler, high/low temperature flue gas flow is adjusted by controllable register and provided for urea pyrolysis reaction
Optimal flue-gas temperature and the flue gas flow of optimization, reach urea pyrolysis reaction optimal.
2nd, in denitration entrance flue gas temperature spray ammonia temperature minimum less than denitration, open low-temperature flue gas main branch and close gear
Plate, introduces higher temperature flue gas to improve more than denitration inlet flue gas temperature to the minimum spray ammonia temperature of denitration, realizes that boiler smoke is wide negative
Lotus denitration.
3rd, compared with low-temperature flue gas main branch flue, high-temperature flue gas draws flue and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue using small
Cross section Design (be generally not more than low-temperature flue gas main branch flue 10%), reduces cost of investment.
4th, draw flue in high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas draws the boiler side setting fly ash separator of flue entrance, to subtract
Enter the dust of bypass flue less.
5th, as needed, denitrating system uses one or more levels Mixed Design, improves ammonia and nitrogen oxides in effluent
The uniformity of mixing, can make denitration efficiency reach more than 95% level, realize the minimum discharge of boiler smoke nitrogen oxides, together
When can reduce catalyst usage amount.
6th, ammonia spraying system, cyclone dust collectors, booster fan and the associated pipe in Conventional urea pyrolysis system are eliminated
Valve etc., reduces investment and operating cost.
7th, the heated surface corrosion phenomenon that urea direct injection technology in stove is easily caused is avoided.
8th, urea liquid is pyrolyzed using low-quality thermal source, has saved operating cost.
9th, compared with hydrolysis of urea ammonia, the problem of solving the load follow difference for hydrolyzing ammonia processed;With conventional urea heat
Solution is compared, and solves the problem of urea pyrolysis system energy consumption is high, boiler heating surface utilization rate declines and easily crystallized.
10th, suitable for various boiler type denitrating flue gas.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler.
In figure:1- high-temperature flue gas draws flue, and 2- expansion joints, 3- high-temperature flue gas controllable registers, 4- low-temperature flue gas draws cigarette
Road, 5- expansion joints, 6- low-temperature flue gas main branch closes baffle plate, 7- low-temperature flue gas main branch flues, 8- expansion joints, 9- low-temperature flue gas
Secondary branch road flue, 10- expansion joints, 11- low-temperature flue gas time branch road controllable registers, 12- urea solution metering systems, the spray of 13- urea
Rifle, 14- urea pyrolysis room/flue, 15- fly ash separators, 16- mixing flues, 17- denitration inlet flue gas controllable registers, 18- takes off
Nitre gas approach, 19- one-level static mixers, bis- grades of static mixers of 20-, 21- low temperature superheaters, 22- economizers, 23- is saved
Coal device temperature adjustment baffle plate.
Embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Case disclosed below is only
It is a part of case study on implementation of the present utility model, rather than all.Based on other case study on implementation of the present utility model, this is belonged to
The scope of utility model protection.
The wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of a kind of boiler as shown in Figure 1, according to denitration inlet flue gas temperature
Degree spray ammonia temperature whether minimum higher than denitration, can be divided into two kinds of operational modes.Operational mode one, when denitration entrance flue gas temperature is high
When denitration minimum spray ammonia temperature, pyrolysis smoke draws flue 1 from high-temperature flue gas and low-temperature flue gas is drawn flue 4 and drawn respectively
(most of flying dust in flue gas is blocked in the presence of fly ash separator 15 outside introducing flue), and adjusted using high-temperature flue gas
Save baffle plate 3 and low-temperature flue gas time branch road controllable register 11 adjusts the flue-gas temperature and flue gas stream for entering urea pyrolysis room/flue 14
Amount, the flue gas flow for providing optimal flue-gas temperature and optimization is reacted for urea pyrolysis, urea liquid is through urea solution metering system
System 12 and urea spray gun 13, which are ejected into urea pyrolysis room/flue 14, carries out urea pyrolysis reaction, and the dilution ammonia of generation is through mixed
Close flue 16 and enter denitration gas approach 18, and realize in the presence of static mixer 19 and 20 the equal of ammonia and nitrogen oxides
Even mixing, finally enters reactor and occurs redox reaction;In such a mode, close low-temperature flue gas main branch and close baffle plate 6.
Operational mode two, when denitration entrance flue gas temperature spray ammonia temperature minimum less than denitration, pyrolysis smoke draws cigarette from high-temperature flue gas
Road 1 and low-temperature flue gas are drawn flue 4 and drawn respectively, and utilize high-temperature flue gas controllable register 3 and low-temperature flue gas time branch road regulation gear
The regulation of plate 11 enters the flue-gas temperature and flue gas flow of urea pyrolysis room/flue 14, and optimal cigarette is provided for urea pyrolysis reaction
Temperature degree and the flue gas flow of optimization, urea liquid are ejected into urea pyrolysis through urea solution metering system 12 and urea spray gun 13
Progress urea pyrolysis reaction in room/flue 14, the blended entrance denitration of flue 16 gas approach 18 of dilution ammonia of generation, and
The uniform mixing of ammonia and nitrogen oxides is realized in the presence of static mixer 19 and 20, reactor is finally entered and occurs oxidation also
Original reaction;In such a mode, open low-temperature flue gas main branch and close baffle plate 6, denitration entrance flue gas temperature is promoted to denitration most
It is more than low spray ammonia temperature.Meanwhile, expansion joint is set in flue appropriate location according to calculating.
When high-temperature flue gas draws the flue gas pressure difference between flue 1 and low-temperature flue gas extraction flue 4 and denitration gas approach 18
When can not meet flue gas flow regulation, for the condition of boiler tail twin flue, adjusted using the economizer temperature of boiler twin flue
Baffle plate 23 (boiler plant is carried) is saved, flue gas pressure difference of the section (1,4) between denitration gas approach 18 is drawn to adjust high/low temperature,
Realize that high/low temperature draws the regulation of section flue gas flow, the flue gas stream that optimal flue-gas temperature and optimization are provided is reacted for urea pyrolysis
Amount;For the condition of boiler tail single flue or tower-type furnace, denitration inlet flue gas controllable register 17 is set (to be set according to boiler situation
Put), to adjust the low pressure difference drawn between section and denitration gas approach of high temperature, realize that high/low temperature draws the tune of section flue gas flow
Section, the flue gas flow for providing optimal flue-gas temperature and optimization is reacted for urea pyrolysis.
, can be on vertical when realizing boiler smoke nitrogen oxides minimum discharge when the higher denitration efficiency of denitrification apparatus needs
Rise flue and one or more levels static mixer (such as one-level static mixer 19 and two grades of static mixers 20) is set.
It the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, it is not limited to the utility model, it is all new in this practicality
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and spirit of type etc., belong to protection of the present utility model
Within the scope of.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler, main to include being arranged at along boiler smoke flow direction
The high-temperature flue gas flue and low-temperature flue gas that appropriate location is drawn between each heating surface of boiler tail vertical well gas flue draw flue, boiler side
Fly ash separator, low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue, urea pyrolysis room/flue, urea solution metering system, urea spray gun, low
Warm flue gas main branch flue, mixing flue, gas proportioning damper, flue gas close baffle plate, one-level static mixer or multistage static
Blender, denitration flue, Benitration reactor and corresponding measuring instrumentss;Mixed gas after described flue gas denitrification system pyrolysis is led to
Cross mixing flue with denitration gas approach to be connected, reactor is entered after being mixed through static mixer and participates in denitration reaction.
2. the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in boiler
Appropriate location is provided with high temperature and draws flue and low temperature extraction flue between each heating surface of vertical well gas flue after afterbody, to meet different works
The pyrolysis of urea system needs and requirement of the SCR system to reaction temperature under condition.
3. the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that low
Warm flue gas draws flue and is divided into low-temperature flue gas main branch flue and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue.
4. the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that high
Temperature draws flue and low-temperature flue gas time branch road flue is small bore, and shape can be circular or rectangle;Low-temperature flue gas draws flue, low
Warm flue gas main branch flue is heavy in section with mixing flue, is shaped as rectangle.
5. the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler according to claim 2, it is characterised in that flue connects
Mouth sets fly ash separator on the inside of the boiler before high temperature draws flue and low temperature extraction flue, and most of flying dust is stopped and drawn
Outside flue.
6. the wide load urea direct-injection pyrolysis smoke denitrating system of boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that flying dust point
Introduced from device above flue, bottom is tilted on the inside of boiler, flying dust is separated using centrifugal principle, and flying dust is blocked in drawn
Enter outside flue.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108014642A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南大唐节能科技有限公司 | Urea pyrolysis and wide load denitrification integrated device |
CN110822461A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-21 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method for realizing wide-load denitration by bypass grading economizer |
CN114288852A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-04-08 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Wide-load coal-fired boiler denitration system and working method thereof |
CN116336493A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-06-27 | 北京怀柔实验室 | Heat storage system for heating fused salt by boiler flue gas and control method |
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2016
- 2016-10-20 CN CN201621140528.XU patent/CN206424766U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108014642A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-05-11 | 湖南大唐节能科技有限公司 | Urea pyrolysis and wide load denitrification integrated device |
CN110822461A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-21 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method for realizing wide-load denitration by bypass grading economizer |
CN114288852A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-04-08 | 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 | Wide-load coal-fired boiler denitration system and working method thereof |
CN116336493A (en) * | 2023-04-04 | 2023-06-27 | 北京怀柔实验室 | Heat storage system for heating fused salt by boiler flue gas and control method |
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