CN206401337U

CN206401337U - Solar modules for hyperboloid roof

Info

Publication number: CN206401337U
Application number: CN201720094567.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪浩; 蒋前哨; 杨立友; 潘胜浆
Original assignee: Ningbo Shandi Light Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Shandi Light Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-24
Filing date: 2017-01-24
Publication date: 2017-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2027-01-24

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of solar modules for hyperboloid roof, the solar modules include upper encapsulated layer, adhesive film, solar battery group and lower encapsulated layer, the upper encapsulated layer and the lower encapsulated layer are set to the curved surface being adapted with the hyperboloid roof shape, the curved surface is hyperboloid along a first direction with second direction bending, the solar battery group includes some sub- battery strings, sub- battery number >=1 in the sub- battery strings, the sub- battery is to be split to form thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece, the sub- battery is arranged in the sub- battery strings along the first direction, the sub- battery strings are along the second direction parallel laid, it is to be connected in parallel between the sub- battery strings, it is connected in series and is combined in parallel and serial at least one structure of connection.The problem of the utility model reduces cell fracture during hyperboloid roof is fitted, improves the reliability of solar cell.

Description

Solar modules for hyperboloid roof

Technical field

The utility model is related to photovoltaic application product field, more particularly to a kind of sun for hyperboloid roof Can module.

Background technology

Solar battery group is arranged on roof, as long as having solar irradiation to be mapped to can just provide continually to motor vehicle Electric energy, can not only help automobile reduce gasoline, diesel oil, the consumption of natural gas, reduce carbon dioxide discharge, improve air Quality, and the course continuation mileage of charging type electric electrical automobile can be extended, improve convenience and flexibility that electric automobile is used.

Ride-type motor vehicle, it is contemplated that vehicle body requirement attractive in appearance and air resistance coefficient, roof is not generally plane, but multiple , i.e., all there is certain radian on mutually perpendicular first direction and second direction in miscellaneous hyperboloid, the size of radian according to The shape and size of vehicle body and it is different.However, current solar battery sheet or solar components are generally planar structure, pasted Outer surface or the inner surface of curved surface are closed, planar materials is occurred certain plastic deformation, such as Publication No. CN1794472A Chinese invention patent is disclosed using cambered surface laminated mould, the solar energy group that will be formed by series/parallel Part is laminated on solar telephone skylight and forms integral structure, due to being mostly fragile material in solar cell, such as The monocrystalline or polycrystalline solar cell of main flow, the stress that this plastic deformation is produced cause fragile material easily in production process It is middle damaged or it is hidden the open defect such as split, cause the yields of product low.

The thin film solar cell risen recently, such as non-crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, CIGS, GaAs, polymer solar battery Deng, be deposited on below 1mm thickness flexibility or semi-flexible substrate on, such as stainless steel, PET film, ultra-thin glass, certain Above mentioned problem is can solve the problem that in degree, such as Publication No. CN103296114A Chinese invention patent discloses thin film solar electricity Structure and preparation method that pond is combined with vehicle dormer window, hull cell are first deposited on ultra-thin glass, then are realized by being laminated And the combination of vehicle dormer window.Thickness has flexible, therefore the ultra-thin glass during piece is closed in below 1mm ultra-thin glass Glass can fit to the curved surface of automobile skylight glass, but the method is relatively specific for the not high vehicle dormer window of degree of crook. Separately Chinese invention patent just like Publication No. CN103915519A discloses a kind of solar sandwich glass, can be only applied to the On the radius of curvature >=4757.1mm in one direction, radius of curvature >=8333.2mm of second direction small curvature hyperboloid.Work as vapour The size of car skylight is increasing, particularly the appearance of the deep camber double curved glass roof of large area so that solar cell The difficulty of laying is greatly increased.If still flexible solar battery fitted with roof using the above method, usual solar energy Battery can only fit a direction, and in the other directions, can form fold or undaform lines.If this problem is serious Bubble or hollowing can easily be caused, the apparent visual effect of roof is not only influenceed, and due to the presence of local big stress, drop The low reliability and security of solar cell.

Thus, it is necessary to design a kind of solar modules suitable for hyperboloid roof to solve above-mentioned technical problem.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of solar modules suitable for hyperboloid roof of offer, meets hyperboloid car The demand of top surface laminating, the problem of reducing cell fracture during fitting improves the reliability of solar cell.

To achieve the above object, the utility model is adopted the following technical scheme that：

A kind of solar modules for hyperboloid roof, including：Upper encapsulated layer, adhesive film, solar battery group and under Encapsulated layer；The adhesive film bonds together the upper encapsulated layer, the lower encapsulated layer with the solar battery group；It is described Upper encapsulated layer and the lower encapsulated layer are set to the curved surface being adapted with the hyperboloid roof shape；The curved surface is along the One direction and the hyperboloid of second direction bending；The solar battery group includes some sub- battery strings；In the sub- battery strings Sub- battery number >=1, thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece is are split to form by the sub- battery；It is described Sub- battery is arranged in the sub- battery strings along the first direction；The sub- battery strings are along the second direction parallel laid；Institute State between sub- battery strings to be connected in parallel, be connected in series and be combined in parallel and serial at least one structure of connection.

The beneficial effect of solar modules disclosed in the utility model for hyperboloid roof is：The utility model Described in sub- battery for thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece are split to form, in this way, by original whole piece Thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece be divided into smaller size of sub- battery unit, with full-scale battery Compare, smaller size of sub- battery unit can be arranged along curvature direction and is unlikely to by very big stress, There is preferably laminating ability, the problem of largely reducing cell fracture during fitting for hyperbolicity surface.This Outside, smaller size of sub- battery, arrangement in series or in parallel can be more neatly carried out in bi-curved both direction, is led to Cross rational connection in series-parallel design, can play a part of preventing hot spot effect, therefore, the structure connected compared to all batteries piece or The mode of the monoblock solar panels of person one, the connection of the sub- battery of small size can ensure more structurally sound power generation performance.

It is preferred that, there is spacing, the spacing >=2mm between the sub- battery strings.Its advantage is, sub- battery strings Certain distance is kept to prevent from overlapping or colliding between encapsulation process neutron battery strings between sub- battery strings.Enter One step, the spacing between sub- battery strings and sub- battery strings is adjustable, can sequentially form the transmission region alternated, realize car The printing opacity on top.

It is preferred that, when the sub- battery number in the sub- battery strings is equal to 1, length of the sub- battery along the second direction Spend for 35mm~750mm, the curved surface is less than the curved surface along the second party along the radius of curvature that the first direction is bent To the radius of curvature of bending, the sub- battery is thin-film solar cells, and the thin-film solar cells has flexible.Its Beneficial effect is that each sub- battery of thin film solar has enough flexibilities can be along described first on first curvature direction Curvature direction free bend, the width of sub- battery can be then adjusted with the curvature on torsion direction, and curvature is bigger, son electricity The width in pond is smaller, more easily fits to the cambered surface of bending, is achieved in the application of hyperboloid roof.

It is preferred that, when the sub- battery number in the sub- battery strings is more than 1, the sub- battery is connected along the first direction Sub- battery strings are formed together, and the curved surface is less than the curved surface along described second along the radius of curvature that the first direction is bent The radius of curvature of direction bending, length of the sub- battery along the first direction is 5mm~85mm, and the sub- battery is crystal silicon Solar cell.Its advantage is that the sub- battery of the smaller crystal silicon solar of width is first arranged along the less direction of radius of curvature Row, can preferably fit curved surface, realize fragility planar materials applied on hyperboloid roof.

It is preferred that, the sub- battery bag contains first electrode and second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode Opposite polarity, it is Nian Jie by conducting resinl stacking between the first electrode and the second electrode of adjacent subcell of the sub- battery, glue The overlapping widths in region are connect in 0.5mm~2.5mm.Its advantage is, compared with being rigidly connected of welding, conducting resinl has Certain elasticity, is easily occurred plastic deformation in heating, makes to be had a certain degree with shape between sub- battery and sub- battery, fitted To curved surface, both with good bendability, the reliability of electrical contact is ensure that again.In addition, overlapping widths are too narrow, The series resistance of sub- battery strings can be increased, the adhesive strength between sub- battery is reduced；Too wide overlapping widths can increase sub- battery The region being blocked on surface, causes the effective power generation region of sub- battery to reduce, power drop.Using said structure, sub- battery it Between it is tightly packed, all regions that can be irradiated by light, which are all filled out, is filled with solar cell, and effective area utilization rate is very high, can be with More than 20% can be reached by realizing the electricity conversion of solar battery group under higher electricity conversion, the structure.

It is preferred that, arranged between the sub- battery by spacing, the sub- battery bag contains first electrode and second electrode, described The opposite polarity of first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode of the sub- battery passes through interconnecting strip and adjacent subcell Second electrode is connected, and the overlapping widths of the sub- battery and the interconnecting strip bonding region are in 0.5mm~2.5mm, the son electricity Pass through conductive adhesive between pond and interconnecting strip.Its advantage is, is arranged between sub- battery with constant spacing, sub- battery with Interval region between sub- battery can allow visible light-transmissive, realize the effect of roof printing opacity.Interconnecting strip softness can be bent, As the connecting material between sub- battery, curved surface can be fitted to well, using conducting resinl as adhesives, can meet son Adhesion strength and electrical contact between battery and interconnecting strip.

It is preferred that, the sub- battery strings in the solar battery group select the sub- battery strings of thin film solar, crystal silicon solar One or more in sub- battery strings, when simultaneously the sub- battery strings in the solar battery group select the sub- battery of thin film solar When going here and there with the sub- battery strings of crystal silicon solar, the sub- battery strings of crystal silicon solar are used to be arranged in roof close to headstock and close to car The edge of tail, the sub- battery strings of thin film solar are used for the pars intermedia in addition to the edge for being arranged in roof Position.Its advantage is, using film and the structure of crystal silicon mixed type, the need that printing opacity and high efficiency generate electricity can be met simultaneously Ask, the utilization roof area of optimization, and do not lose the translucency of roof.

It is preferred that, the curved surface is 1200~6000mm along the radius of curvature that the first direction is bent, along described second The radius of curvature of direction bending is 2000~15000mm, and the first direction is vertical with the second direction.

It is preferred that, the solar modules also include positive wire, negative wire, convergent belt and terminal box, described some The positive pole of sub- battery strings is linked together by positive wire with the convergent belt, and the negative pole of some sub- battery strings, which passes through, to be born Pole lead links together with the convergent belt, and the lower encapsulated layer reserves punch position, and the convergent belt is from the perforation Position passes the access terminal box, and the terminal box is installed on the remote institute of the lower encapsulated layer by way of silica gel is bonded State the surface of solar battery group side.Its advantage is, when the lower encapsulated layer is directly a part for roof, institute State the punch position that terminal box reserved by the lower encapsulated layer and be installed on in-car, it is to avoid it is conventional be installed on car it is outer due to Ambient influnence causes reliability to reduce.

It is preferred that, the solar modules fitted with roof or roof a part.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are：

1st, sub- battery described in the utility model is by thin-film solar cell panel or the segmentation of crystal silicon solar batteries piece Into in this way, the thin-film solar cell panel of original whole piece or crystal silicon solar batteries piece are divided into smaller size of son Battery unit, make along hyperbolic surface arranged when stress reduction, largely reduce laminating during cell fracture The problem of, application of the fragility planar materials on hyperboloid roof is not only realized, and do not interfere with the apparent visual of roof Effect.

2nd, the sub- battery described in the utility model in sub- battery strings is by thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar Cell piece is split to form, and is to be connected in parallel, be connected in series and be combined connection in parallel and serial at least between the sub- battery strings A kind of structure, thus more neatly can be connected in bi-curved both direction using smaller size of sub- battery or Arrangement in parallel, can meet different voltage requirements, and compared to prevention can be played for a monoblock solar panel The effect of hot spot effect, it is ensured that more structurally sound power generation performance.

3rd, there is spacing between sub- battery strings described in the utility model, can be with by adjusting the distance between sub- battery strings Realize the translucent effect of roof.

4th, arranged described in the utility model between sub- battery by spacing, can be real by adjusting the distance between sub- battery The translucent effect of existing roof.

5th, the first electrode and the second electrode of adjacent subcell of the sub- battery described in the utility model in sub- battery strings Between by conducting resinl stack be bonded, be bonded using conducting resinl, compared with welding, the bonding of conducting resinl is more flexible, Buffering can be provided when sub- battery strings bend, the reliability being electrically connected is kept, while also meeting appropriate curved Bent requirement.

6th, the sub- battery strings of crystal silicon solar described in the utility model are used to be arranged in roof close to headstock and close to the tailstock Edge, the sub- battery strings of thin film solar are used to be arranged in the pars intermedia in addition to the edge of roof Position, passes through the use of thin-film solar cells and crystal silicon solar batteries on hyperbolic roof of flexibly arranging in pairs or groups, it is ensured that roof Partial printing opacity, but also certain generating efficiency can be taken into account.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 1 in the first direction.

Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 1 in a second direction.

Fig. 3 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 1 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Fig. 4 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 2 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Fig. 5 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 3 in the first direction.

Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 3 in a second direction.

Fig. 7 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 3 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Fig. 8 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 4 in the first direction.

Fig. 9 is the schematic cross-section of the utility model embodiment 4 in a second direction.

Figure 10 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 4 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Figure 11 is the floor map that the solar subcells string of the utility model embodiment 5 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Figure 12 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 6 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Figure 13 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 7 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Figure 14 is the schematic cross-section of the sub- battery strings of efficient crystal silicon solar of the utility model embodiment 8 in the first direction.

Figure 15 is the schematic cross-section of the sub- battery strings of the thin film solar of the utility model embodiment 8 in the first direction.

Figure 16 is the floor map that the solar battery group of the utility model embodiment 8 is arranged along hyperboloid roof.

Embodiment

The utility model is described in detail below with reference to embodiment shown in the drawings, but these embodiment party Formula is not intended to limit the utility model, structure that one of ordinary skill in the art is made according to these embodiments, method or Conversion functionally is all contained in protection domain of the present utility model.

The problem of existing for prior art, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of sun for hyperboloid roof Energy module, as shown in Figures 5 to 7.The solar modules include upper encapsulated layer 310, adhesive film 320, solar battery group 330 And lower encapsulated layer 340；The adhesive film 320 is by the upper encapsulated layer 310, the lower encapsulated layer 340 and the solar cell Group 330 bonds together；The upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 are set to and the hyperboloid roof shape phase The curved surface of adaptation；The curved surface is hyperboloid along a first direction with second direction bending, in the reality that the utility model is more excellent Apply in example, the first direction is vertical with the second direction；The solar battery group 330 includes some sub- battery strings 336； Some sub- batteries 331, number >=1 of sub- battery 331 are included in the sub- battery strings 336, sub- battery 331 is by thin film solar Cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece are split to form；The sub- battery 331 is arranged in the sub- battery along the first direction String 336；The sub- battery strings 336 are along the second direction parallel laid；It is to be connected in parallel, go here and there between the sub- battery strings 336 Connection connection and at least one structure for being combined connection in parallel and serial.The utility model is by the thin film solar of original whole piece Cell panel or crystal silicon solar batteries piece are divided into smaller size of sub- battery unit 331, smaller compared with full-scale battery The sub- battery unit 331 of size can be arranged respectively along direction and direction and is unlikely to by very big stress, There is preferably laminating ability, the problem of largely reducing cell fracture during fitting for hyperbolicity surface.

Refering to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, there is spacing, the spacing >=2mm, to prevent sub- battery strings between the sub- battery strings 336 Overlapping or collision between 336.In a kind of preferred embodiment of the utility model, between the sub- battery strings 336 between Away from for 2mm~4mm, it is ensured that the utilization roof area laying solar-electricity as much as possible on the basis of not overlapping or colliding Pond, to improve generating efficiency.It is typically due to the sub- covering part of battery strings 336 not or rarer light is passed through, in this practicality In new another preferred embodiment, the spacing between sub- battery strings 336 can also be optimized to enough width, the son electricity Spacing between pond string 336 is 3~80mm, to meet the demand of in-car daylighting.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, the upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 are previously according to car The shape machine-shaping on top is the curved surface being adapted with the hyperboloid roof shape.The upper encapsulated layer 310 uses inorganic glass Glass, or use light penetrating copolymer material, the makrolon of such as coating treatment or PET, ETFE of coating treatment, the upper encapsulation The thickness of layer 310 is generally between 1mm~4mm, with certain intensity to protect the solar battery group 330 of inside, simultaneously The upper encapsulated layer 310 possesses sufficiently low water vapor transmittance, such as under 40 degree of 90% relative humidity, and 100um thickness is met Water vapor transmittance is less than 5 grams/m/day, and steam causes mistake into thin-film solar cells group 330 during preventing use Effect, and the visible light transmissivity of upper encapsulated layer 310 is not less than 85%, to ensure to there is enough light to enter the solar energy It is absorbed and used inside battery pack 330.The lower encapsulated layer 340 can be unorganic glass or stainless steel, can also be The PET of plastic material such as coating treatment, it is close to the surface of the solar battery group 330, with certain intensity, to inside The solar battery group 330 play a part of mechanical support.

Refering to Fig. 6, the adhesive film 320 is by the upper encapsulated layer 310, lower encapsulated layer 340 and the solar battery group 330 bond together, and are filled for the space between three, to exclude the air between three.The adhesive film 320 can be EVA or PVB or polyolefin based materials such as POE, TPO, can also be organosilicon, its visible light-transmissive Rate is more than 85%, and with sufficiently low water vapor transmittance, such as under 40 degree of 90% relative humidity, 100um thickness meets water Vapour transmitance is less than 10g/m2/ days.

In utility model preferred embodiment, the solar modules are fitted under hyperboloid roof direction in-car Surface, or hyperboloid roof is fitted in towards the upper surface outside car, so as to form hyperboloid solar energy roof；It is new in this practicality In the preferred embodiment of type, the lower encapsulated layer 340 is directly a part for roof.The roof can be vehicle dormer window, Can also be the other positions of roof.

Generally, for hyperboloid roof, radius of curvature is smaller, and curvature is bigger, i.e. the radian of roof is bigger, it is described too Positive energy battery pack 330 is just more difficult to be fitted on roof.It is used for hyperboloid in solar cell module disclosed in the utility model In preferred embodiment during roof, the song that the upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 are bent along the first direction Rate radius is 1200~6000mm, is 2000~15000mm, the solar-electricity along the radius of curvature that the second direction is bent Pond group 330 is not in breakage in encapsulation process, and the solar cell module can be good at being fitted in the roof Together.In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 are along described first The radius of curvature of direction bending is preferably 1200~4700mm, and the radius of curvature bent along the second direction is preferably 2000~ 8000mm.It is worth noting that, described here preferably refers to, compared with prior art, using skill described in the utility model Art scheme especially solves application of the solar modules in deep camber hyperboloid roof, and deep camber described in the utility model Hyperboloid is the radius of curvature bent along the first direction in 1200~4700mm, the curvature along second direction bending Hyperboloid of the radius in 2000~8000mm.

As shown in fig. 7, the solar modules also include positive and negative lead wires 332, convergent belt 333 and terminal box 334, it is described The positive pole of some sub- battery strings 336 is welded together by positive wire 332 with the convergent belt 333, some sub- batteries The negative pole of string 336 is welded together by negative wire 332 with the convergent belt 333, and the convergent belt 333 is by some sons The electricity that battery strings 336 are produced introduces the terminal box 334.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, the lower encapsulated layer 340 reserves punch position, described refering to Fig. 6 Convergent belt 333 passes the access terminal box 334 from the punch position.In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, institute State the remote side of solar battery group 330 that terminal box 334 is installed on the lower encapsulated layer by way of silica gel is bonded Surface.When the lower encapsulated layer 340 is directly a part for roof, the terminal box 334 passes through the lower encapsulated layer 340 The punch position reserved is installed on in-car, it is to avoid conventional to be installed on car outer because ambient influnence causes reliability to reduce.

The utility model is illustrated in more detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

Embodiment 1：

Refering to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3.Fig. 3 is the floor map that solar battery group 130 is arranged along hyperboloid roof, Fig. 1 The sectional view of the solar battery group 130 in the first direction, Fig. 2 be the solar battery group 130 in a second direction Sectional view.The solar battery group 130 is encapsulated between upper encapsulated layer 110 and lower encapsulated layer 140 by adhesive film 120.The sun Energy battery pack 130 includes sub- battery 131, positive and negative lead wires 132, convergent belt 133 and terminal box 134.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, the upper encapsulated layer 110 uses thickness high by saturating half for 2.1mm ultrawhite Safety glass, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 90%, and the lower encapsulated layer 140 uses thickness for 2.1mm common half tempered glass Glass, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 85%, to improve the electricity conversion of the solar battery group 130.The upper encapsulation Layer 110 and the lower encapsulated layer 140 previously according to roof shape in tempering cooling procedure by finishing be shaped to The adaptable curved surface of the hyperboloid roof shape.In the utility model embodiment, the upper encapsulated layer 110 and the lower envelope The hyperboloid for filling layer 140 to bend with second direction in the first direction, in the utility model preferred embodiment, described first Direction is vertical with the second direction, and radius of curvature of the curved surface along the first direction is less than the curved surface along described second The radius of curvature in direction.The radius of curvature that the upper encapsulated layer 110 and the lower encapsulated layer 140 are bent along the first direction is 1200~6000mm, radius of curvature preferably is 1200mm~4700mm；The upper encapsulated layer 110 and the lower encapsulated layer 140 It is 2000~15000mm along the radius of curvature that the second direction is bent, radius of curvature preferably is 2000mm~8000mm.Value It is noted that preferred radius of curvature described here refers to, exist applied to the radius of curvature bent in the first direction 1200~4700mm, the radius of curvature bent in a second direction are used in 2000~8000mm deep camber hyperboloid roof When technical scheme described in the utility model is implemented, in follow-up encapsulation process, it is broken that the solar battery group 130 is unstressed Damage, compared with prior art, realize the application of the solar modules of deep camber hyperboloid roof.

The solar battery group 130 is flexible thin-film solar cells, and the thin-film solar cells is in one-dimensional square There is flexible upwards, can be the thin-film solar cells using thin glass as substrate, such as amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell, Microcrystalline silicon film solar cell, cadmium telluride diaphragm solar battery, in the utility model preferred embodiment, the thin glass The thickness of glass is 0.1~1.0mm；Can also be the thin-film solar cells using stainless steel as substrate, such as amorphous silicon membrane sun Can battery, amorphous silicon germanium thin film solar cell, copper-indium-galliun-selenium film solar cell, in the utility model preferred embodiment In, the thickness at the stainless steel lining bottom is 0.03~0.5mm；Can also be the thin-film solar cells using polymer as substrate, Such as perovskite thin film solar cell, organic semiconductor thin-film solar cell, GaAs compound semiconductor thin film solars electricity Pond, in the utility model preferred embodiment, the thickness of the polymer substrate is 0.03~0.5mm.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, the thin-film solar cells that the solar battery group 130 is used for The amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell in ultra-thin glass substrate is deposited on, wherein ultra-thin glass substrate is that chemical enhanced thickness is 0.5mm soda-lime glass, the amorphous silicon thin-film solar cell includes successively from bottom to up：Adhesion layer SiOx, thickness be 5~ 30nm, is mainly used to improve amorphous silicon membrane and the adhesive force of ultra-thin glass substrate, and stop the Na elemental releases in glass Corrode transparent conductive film；First electrode, namely bottom electrode, are transparent conductive oxide film, such as boron-doping zinc oxide, and it optimizes Square resistance in 8~20ohm/sq, thickness is generally in 1200~1800nm scopes, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 85%；With Come the photoelectric conversion layer of the effect that provides solar power generation, N layers of non-crystalline silicon for being successively 10~20nm including thickness, thickness are 200~300nm amorphous silicon intrinsic layer, P layers of the non-crystalline silicon that thickness is 5~15nm；And second electrode, namely Top electrode, it is Transparent conductive oxide film, such as boron-doping zinc oxide, the square resistance that it optimizes is in 8~20ohm/sq, and thickness is generally 1200 ~1800nm scopes, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 85%；The first electrode and second electrode are mainly used in the film sun The electric current export that energy battery pack 130 is produced.

By method of the above-mentioned thin-film solar cells by laser cutting, the sub- battery 131 of some strips is divided into, is such as schemed Shown in 1 and Fig. 2, the every length of sub- battery 131 along the first direction is to be slightly less than the roof to be covered along described first The length in direction, width of the sub- battery 131 along the second direction is in 35mm~750mm, specifically, according to what is laid Depending on the radius of curvature of roof, radius of curvature of the roof along the second direction is smaller, and sub- battery 131 is along the second direction Width is smaller, more easily fits to the cambered surface bent in a second direction.As a result of ultra-thin glass substrate, every sub- battery 131 have enough flexibilities can be along the first direction free bend in said first direction, therefore can meet simultaneously Curvature requirement of the roof along the first direction and the second direction.Now, every sub- battery is certainly into a string, namely every height Sub- battery number in battery strings is 1.

Generally, the distance of sub- battery 131 and sub- battery 131 is 2~4mm, to prevent sub- battery 131 and sub- battery 131 overlapping in encapsulation process or contacts, as shown in Figure 3.In order to which using area is laid, sub- battery 131 is electric with son as far as possible The distance in pond 131 is 2mm, in order to improve process yields, in the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, and the distance is 3mm, In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the distance is 4mm.

Such as Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, by two of the sub- battery 131 by conducting resinl 135 by the positive pole of sub- battery 131 with it is positive and negative The positive pole of pole lead 132 is bonded together, by conducting resinl 135 by the negative pole of the negative pole of sub- battery 131 and positive and negative lead wires 132 It is bonded together.The conducting resinl 135 can be the conductive double sided adhesive tape of solid-state, such as the CF glue of Hitachi's chemical conversion or Sony Chemical Band, is bonded to the both positive and negative polarity surface of sub- battery 131 or the conducting resinl with certain fluidity by way of hot pressing 135 or conductive paste, such as EPOTECH H20E, the CP-300 of Hitachi's chemical conversion, will, it is necessary to by way of dispensing or printing Conducting resinl 135 is coated in the both positive and negative polarity surface of sub- battery 131, and carries out heat cure in follow-up encapsulation process technique, and just Negative wire 132 is bonded together.By positive and negative lead wires 132, all sub- batteries 131 are connected in parallel, while both positive and negative polarity Lead 132 welds together with convergent belt 133 again, the electricity that solar energy is produced is incorporated into terminal box 134, the terminal box DC voltage conversion module and best power point tracking module are integrated with 134, can be according to the demand of external circuit by the sun It can generate electricity and be exported according to certain voltage and electric current.Thin-film solar cells group 130 is constituted above.

Because all sub- batteries 131 are parallel-connection structure, even if having one piece therein or several pieces of sub- batteries 131 are hidden by shade Gear, it is impossible to generate electricity, other sub- batteries 131 not being blocked remain able to output current, unaffected.Contrast a monoblock battery The situation of plate, if a portion is blocked by shadow, the generated energy of this block cell panel will be greatly affected, and the portion that is blocked Branch forms serious hot spot effect, causes the failure of cell panel.Therefore, the utility model can not only meet hyperbolic surface patch The demand of conjunction, and influence of the hot spot effect to hyperboloid solar energy roof can be mitigated, with more preferable practicality and reliably Property.

Finally, the thin-film solar cells group 130 is laid between upper encapsulated layer 110 and lower encapsulated layer 140 and carried out Encapsulation process.Between hull cell group 130 and upper encapsulated layer 110, used respectively between hull cell group 130 and upper encapsulated layer 140 Three is bonded together by adhesive film 120 by way of HTHP or high temperature lamination, and the adhesive film 120 fills three Middle space, excludes middle air, plays sealing and bonds double action.It is preferred that, the adhesive film 120 uses PVB Material, PVB has preferable water preventing ability, and steam causes mistake into the thin-film solar cells group 130 during preventing use Effect, and PVB is less than 10% to the absorptivity of visible ray, can allow as far as possible many sunshines by the thin-film solar cells group 130 absorb.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, high-temperature high-pressure craft is carried out in autoclave, by the upper envelope Layer 110 is filled, after the air between solar battery group 130 and lower encapsulated layer 140 is extracted out, temperature is increased to 140~150 DEG C, Apply the pressure of 5~10 atmospheric pressure simultaneously, allow adhesive film fully to melt, three is bonded by the space between the full three of filling It is integrated.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, high-temperature lamination process is carried out in the laminating machine with metal grinding tool , temperature is increased to 140~150 DEG C, the upper encapsulated layer 110, solar battery group 130 and lower encapsulated layer 140 are stacked It is placed in laminating machine well, extracts vacuum, vacuum pressure is laminated 30 minutes in -30~-70Kpa or so, you can encapsulated in extraction Air between layer 110, solar battery group 130 and lower encapsulated layer 140, allows adhesive film fully to melt crosslinking, the full three of filling Between space, three is bonded as one.

The terminal box 134 is installed on the outer surface of the lower encapsulated layer 140 by way of silica gel is bonded, consequently facilitating It is connected with in-car battery pack or electrical appliance.The outer surface is the lower encapsulated layer away from the solar battery group 130 The surface of side.Specifically, punch position is reserved on the lower encapsulated layer 140, allows the convergent belt 133 to pass, accessed Into the terminal box 134.When the lower encapsulated layer 140 is directly a part for roof, the terminal box 134 is by described The punch position that lower encapsulated layer is reserved is installed on in-car, it is to avoid conventional to be installed on car outer because ambient influnence causes reliably Property reduction.

Table 1 is the thin-film solar cells module packaging feelings for the hyperboloid roof that the present embodiment is applied to different curvature radius Condition, the description of size described in table refers to the length along the length * of the first direction along the second direction.

Solar modules disclosed in the utility model for hyperboloid roof not only realize thin-film solar cells Application on deep camber hyperboloid roof, does not interfere with the apparent visual effect of roof, and improves solar modules Reliability.

Embodiment 2：

The difference of the utility model embodiment and embodiment 1 is, in order to meet the demand of glass roof daylighting, such as Fig. 4 Shown, the utility model embodiment uses the narrower sub- cell strip of film, by between the neutron battery 231 of solar battery group 230 Spacing pull open, the spacing>4mm, the sub- region of battery 231 is low transmission region, and gap area is high transmittance region, according to The effect of printing opacity is realized at secondary high low transmission interval.In the utility model preferred embodiment, the width of sub- battery 231 is excellent Elect 35mm as, the spacing between sub- battery and sub- battery is preferably 9mm, sequentially form the transmission region alternated, above-mentioned knot Structure can provide 60W or so power, and disclosure satisfy that the requirement of 30% visible light transmissivity.

Embodiment 3：

The difference of the utility model embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the solar battery group 330 in the present embodiment is using brilliant Silicon solar cell, because crystal silicon solar batteries are more crisp, the stress on curved surface is bigger compared with thin-film solar cells, therefore needs The sub- battery size of cutting is smaller, refers to Fig. 5 to Fig. 7.

Upper encapsulated layer 310 and lower encapsulated layer 340 are made according to the surface model of roof, it is preferred that in order to improve solar energy The electricity conversion of battery pack 330, the upper encapsulated layer 310 is using the high safety glass thoroughly of 3mm~4mm ultrawhites, it is seen that light is saturating Rate is crossed more than 90%, the hyperbolic surface of glass is formed in toughening process by grinding tool.Lower encapsulated layer 340 can be nothing Machine glass or stainless steel, can also be the PET of plastic material such as coating treatment, can also directly be one of roof Point, in the utility model preferred embodiment, lower encapsulated layer 340 is TPT (Tedlar-PET-Tedlar) material of black, For common photovoltaic back material, its thickness is in 0.20~0.50mm.In the utility model embodiment, the upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 in the first direction with second direction bend hyperboloid, in the implementation of the utility model preferably In example, the first direction is vertical with the second direction, and radius of curvature of the curved surface along the first direction is less than described Radius of curvature of the curved surface along the second direction.The upper encapsulated layer 310 and the lower encapsulated layer 340 are curved along the first direction Bent radius of curvature is 1200~6000mm, and radius of curvature preferably is 1200mm~4700mm；The upper encapsulated layer 310 and institute It is 2000~15000mm that lower encapsulated layer 340, which is stated, along the radius of curvature that the second direction is bent, and radius of curvature preferably is 2000mm~8000mm, it is notable that preferred radius of curvature described above refers to, applied to along the first party To bending radius of curvature 1200~4700mm, along the second direction bend radius of curvature in the big of 2000~8000mm During curvature hyperboloid roof, when being implemented using technical scheme described in the utility model, in follow-up encapsulation process, the sun Can the unstressed breakage of battery pack 330, compared with prior art, realize deep camber hyperboloid roof solar modules should With.

The crystal silicon solar batteries are referred to using polysilicon or monocrystalline silicon as any solar cell of substrate, as long as Upper and lower surface has opposite electricity polarity, it becomes possible to meets and requires, such as the most universal p-type list polysilicon is too It is positive can battery, or higher efficiency p-type PERC batteries, N-type PERT batteries, N-type hetero-junctions (HIT, Heterojunction With intrinsic thin-layer) battery.In the utility model preferred embodiment, the solar battery group 330 The efficient crystal silicon battery used is monocrystalline silicon heterojunction (HIT, Heterojunction with intrinsic thin- Layer) cell piece, size is 156mm*156mm, and its electricity conversion is up to 22%, and the cell piece is included as the first electricity The polarity of the upper surface electrode of pole and the lower surface electrode as second electrode, the upper surface electrode and the lower surface electrode Conversely.

Such as Fig. 5, using the method for laser cutting, above-mentioned cell piece is cut into some sub- batteries 331.It is new in this practicality In type embodiment, width of the sub- battery 331 along the first direction is 5mm~85mm, specifically, according to the roof to be laid Depending on radius of curvature, the radius of curvature that the roof is bent along the first direction is smaller, it usually needs cut into cell piece The smaller sub- battery 331 of width, so as to curved surface of preferably fitting.In this second direction, the length of the sub- battery 331 can To be the length of a piece of cell piece or one of several deciles of a piece of cell piece, depending on the roof along described second The radius of curvature size of direction bending, smaller radius of curvature requires to cut smaller by battery, with reduce sub- battery 331 by The stress arrived.Thus, original whole piece cell piece is cut into some strip batteries 331, the length and width of sub- battery 331 is The 1/2 or 1/3 or 1/4 of original cell piece, it is even more small, it is encapsulated in the stress being subject on curved surface and compares whole piece cell piece For be greatly reduced, the width of sub- battery 331 is smaller after cutting, because the probability of stress sliver is lower after encapsulation.

It is in embodiment of the present utility model, the upper surface electrode of sub- battery 331 is adjacent with side refering to Fig. 5 and Fig. 7 The lower surface electrode of sub- battery 331 bonded by conducting resinl 235, while by the lower surface electrode of the sub- battery 331 with it is another The upper surface electrode of the adjacent sub- battery 331 in side is bonded by conducting resinl 335, the upper surface electrode polarity of all sub- batteries 331 With lower surface electrode on the contrary, being stacked end to end in this manner, sub- battery strings 336, inside sub- battery strings 336, sub- battery are formed 331 be to connect with sub- battery 331, namely the number of the sub- battery 331 in every sub- battery strings 336 is more than 1.Sub- battery 331 with The overlapping widths of bonded areas are in 0.5mm~2.5mm between sub- battery 331, if overlapping widths are too narrow, can increase sub- battery 331 series resistance, reduces the adhesion strength between sub- battery 331；Too wide overlapping widths can increase being hidden for battery surface The region of gear, causes the reduction of the effective power generation region of sub- battery 331, power drop.In the preferred embodiment of the utility model one In, the overlapping widths are 0.5mm, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, and the overlapping widths are 1.2mm, In the other preferred embodiments of the utility model, the overlapping widths are 2.0mm, in the utility model also preferred embodiment In, the overlapping widths are 2.5mm.

Matrix material in conducting resinl 335 is heat fixation or thermoplastic resin material, such as organosilicon, and epoxy resin gathers Conductive particle, such as flake silver powder are contained in urethane or acrylic resin, inside, when conducting resinl 335 is heated and is squeezed, Conductive particle is connected with each other, and forms network, plays the effect of conduction, matrix material such as epoxy resin or organic silica gel are as viscous Material is tied, plays a part of being adhesively fixed, to meet the adhesion strength and electrical contact between sub- battery 331 and sub- battery 331. Follow-up encapsulation process will generally be heated, and conducting resinl 335 has certain elasticity, easily occur plastic deformation in heating, make sub- electricity It can be had a certain degree between pond 331 and sub- battery 331 with shape, fit to curved surface, therefore the sub- battery strings 336 are just The bending along the first direction can be realized.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, conducting resinl 335 can be the conductive double sided adhesive tape of solid-state, such as Hitachi or The CF adhesive tapes of Sony Chemical, are bonded the negative terminal surface of the sub- positive electrode surface of battery 331 and adjacent subcell by way of hot pressing Together；Can also be conducting resinl 335 or conductive paste with certain fluidity, such as EPOTECH H20E passes through point gum machine By the even application of conducting resinl 335 on the both positive and negative polarity surface of sub- battery 331, and the heat cure in follow-up packaging technology, to adjacent Sub- battery 331, which is played, to be bonded and conductive double effectses.

Refering to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, by the sub- battery strings 336 along the second direction parallel arrangement, make the sub- battery strings 336 are equably paved with whole roof, and the distance between sub- battery strings 336 and sub- battery strings 336 are 2~4mm, to prevent sub- battery String 336 and sub- battery strings 336 are overlapping or contact in encapsulation process.In order to as far as possible using laying area, sub- battery strings 336 The distance between be 2mm, in order to improve process yields, in the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, the distance be 3mm, In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the distance is 4mm.

By the sub- battery strings 336 most start it is a piece of with end up it is a piece of respectively by conducting resinl 335 and positive and negative lead wires 332 link together, and positive and negative lead wires 332 link together further through the mode of welding with convergent belt 333, and by confluxing Band 333 enters in terminal box 334.DC voltage conversion module and best power point tracking mould are integrated with the terminal box 334 Block, can export solar power generation according to certain voltage and electric current according to the demand of external circuit.The positive and negative lead wires 332 For tin-coated copper welding, the thickness of Copper substrate is 0.10~0.35mm, and width is 3mm~5mm.The positive pole of all sub- battery strings 336 Welded together by the positive pole and busbar 333 of positive and negative electrode lead 332, the negative poles of all sub- battery strings 336 passes through positive and negative The negative pole of contact conductor 332 welds together with convergent belt 333, and solar power generation is sent into terminal box 334 by convergent belt 333 In.Solar battery group 330 is constituted above.

Using adhesive film 320 by upper encapsulated layer 310, what lower encapsulated layer 340 was bonded together with solar battery group 330, And it is filled for the space between three, to exclude the air between three.Adhesive film 320 can be EVA, PVB, It can be polyolefin based materials such as POE, TPO, can also be organosilicon, it is necessary to meet visible light transmissivity wanting more than 85% Ask, with sufficiently low water vapor transmittance, such as under 40 degree of 90% relative humidity, it is low that 100um thickness meets water vapor transmittance In 10g/m2/ days.The adhesive film 320 plays a part of having two aspects herein, and one is to bond upper encapsulated layer 310, the sun Energy battery pack 330 and lower encapsulated layer 340, two are delayed to be provided between solar battery group 330 and upper and lower encapsulated layer 310,340 Punching is acted on, it is to avoid is mutually collided between fragile material in encapsulation process, is caused breakage.

Solar battery group 330 and adhesive film 320 are clipped between upper encapsulated layer 310 and lower encapsulated layer 340, then carried out Encapsulation process.The encapsulation process is carried out in the laminating machine with metal grinding tool, and temperature is increased into 140~150 degree, will Said structure heap, which is folded, to be placed in laminating machine, extracts vacuum, and vacuum pressure is laminated 30 minutes left sides in -30~-70Kpa or so It is right, you can encapsulated layer 310 in extraction, the air between solar battery group 330 and lower encapsulated layer 340, make adhesive film 320 abundant Melt the space between crosslinking, the full three of filling, three is bonded as one.

Finally, convergent belt 333 is passed through into the perforation that lower encapsulated layer 340 is reserved, be drawn out in terminal box 334.Terminal box 334 The outer surface of lower encapsulated layer 340 is installed on by way of silicone adhesive, is connected with the battery pack or electrical appliance on car.

In this structure, in the solar battery group 330 between all sub- batteries 331 be close-packed structure, son electricity Do not have between pond 331 unique gap in gap, monoblock solar battery group 330 be reserve between sub- battery strings 336 2~ 4mm safe distances, therefore solar battery group 330 can realize the high-energy-density under limited areal, be suitable as full envelope Lighttight roof solar components are closed, higher generating efficiency is realized, more than 20% can be reached.The sub- battery 331 closed on Between to be connected in series, sub- battery strings 336 are to be connected in parallel with sub- battery strings 336, even if having one piece therein or several pieces of sons Battery 331 is blocked by shadow, it is impossible to generated electricity, and the output of the sub- battery strings 336 is only influenced whether, without influencing whether other batteries The work of string.The structure that all sub- batteries 331 of a monoblock cell panel are series connection is contrasted, if a portion is hidden by shade Gear, the generated energy of this block cell panel will be greatly affected, and the part that is blocked can form serious hot spot effect, cause battery The failure of plate.Therefore, said structure can not only meet the demand that fragility crystal silicon solar batteries are fitted in hyperbolic surface, realize High generating efficiency, and can mitigate influence of the hot spot effect to solar cell module, with more preferable practicality and can By property.

Table 2 is the crystal silicon solar batteries module packaging situation for the hyperboloid roof that the present embodiment is applied to different curvature, The description of size described in table, refers to the length along the length * of the first direction along the second direction.

Embodiment 4：

The difference of the utility model embodiment and embodiment 3 is, sub- battery strings neutron is widened on the basis of embodiment 3 Spacing between battery and sub- battery, the printing opacity of roof is realized using the white space printing opacity between sub- battery and sub- battery.

Fig. 8 is referred to Figure 10.First, upper encapsulated layer 410 and lower encapsulated layer 440 are made according to the surface model of roof, In order to improve the electricity conversion of solar battery group 430, the upper encapsulated layer 410 is that the ultrawhite that thickness is 2.1mm is high thoroughly Semi-tempered glass, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 90%, and the lower encapsulated layer 440 is the common half tempered glass that thickness is 2.1mm Glass, it is seen that light transmission rate is more than 85%.The hyperbolic surface of the upper encapsulated layer 410 and the lower encapsulated layer 440 is in tempering Formed in cooling procedure by grinding tool.In the utility model embodiment, the upper encapsulated layer 410 and the lower encapsulated layer 440 hyperboloid to be bent in the first direction with second direction, in the utility model preferred embodiment, the first direction Vertical with the second direction, radius of curvature of the curved surface along the first direction is less than the curved surface along the second direction Radius of curvature.The upper encapsulated layer 410 and the lower encapsulated layer 440 are 1200 along the radius of curvature that the first direction is bent ~6000mm, radius of curvature preferably is 1200mm~4700mm；The upper encapsulated layer 410 and the lower encapsulated layer 440 are along institute The radius of curvature for stating second direction bending is 2000~15000mm, and radius of curvature preferably is 2000mm~8000mm.It is worth note Meaning, preferred radius of curvature described above refers to, exists applied to the radius of curvature bent along the first direction 1200~4700mm, along the second direction bend radius of curvature in 2000~8000mm deep camber hyperboloid roof, When being implemented using technical scheme described in the utility model, in follow-up encapsulation process, the solar battery group 430 is unstressed Breakage, compared with prior art, realizes the application of the solar modules of deep camber hyperboloid roof.

In the utility model preferred embodiment, using hetero-junctions (HIT, Heterojunction with Intrinsic thin-layer) solar battery sheet, the solar battery sheet includes electric as the upper surface of first electrode Pole and the lower surface electrode as second electrode, the upper surface electrode and the lower surface electrode have opposite conductive electrode Property, the electricity conversion of the solar battery sheet can reach more than 22%, and the size of the solar battery sheet is 156mm*156mm.Using the method for laser cutting, solar battery sheet is cut into some sub- batteries 431.The sub- battery 431 be 5mm~85mm along the width of the first direction, is specifically dependent upon what the roof to be laid was bent along the first direction Radius of curvature size, the radius of curvature is smaller, it usually needs the solar battery sheet is cut into the smaller son electricity of width Pond 431, so as to curved surface of preferably fitting.Width of the sub- battery 431 along the second direction can be a piece of cell piece One of several deciles of length or a piece of cell piece, are specifically dependent upon the roof to be laid and are bent along the second direction Radius of curvature size, smaller radius of curvature requires to cut smaller by the solar battery sheet, to reduce sub- battery 431 stress being subject to.Thus, original whole piece cell piece is cut into some strip batteries 431, the length of sub- battery 431 and Width is the 1/2 or 1/3 or 1/4 of original cell piece, even more small, is encapsulated in the stress being subject on curved surface and compares whole piece It is greatly reduced for cell piece, the width of sub- battery 431 is smaller after cutting, because the probability of stress sliver is lower after encapsulation.

In order to realize the effect of printing opacity, arranged between sub- battery 431 and sub- battery 431 with a determining deviation, the spacing model Enclose for 3mm~80mm, the interval region between sub- battery 431 and sub- battery 431 can allow visible light-transmissive.Because spacing is got over Greatly, available light-receiving area is smaller, in order to keep certain generated output, in the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, institute Spacing is stated for 3mm, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the spacing is 10mm；In order to further improve light transmittance, In the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, the spacing is 30mm, described in another preferred embodiment of the utility model Spacing is 50mm, in the other preferred embodiments of the utility model, and the spacing is 80mm.

Connected between sub- battery 431 by equally distributed 2~5 interconnecting strips 437, such as Fig. 8, Figure 10.Interconnecting strip 437 is Tin-coated copper welding, the thickness of Copper substrate is in 0.10~0.25mm, and width can be bent in 0.5~2.0mm, the softness of interconnecting strip 437. Bonded between sub- battery 431 and interconnecting strip 437 by conducting resinl 435.Conducting resinl 435 also may be used using epoxy resin as matrix So that using organic silica gel as matrix, conductive particle such as flake silver powder is contained in inside, when conducting resinl 435 is heated and is squeezed, Conductive particle is connected with each other, and forms network, plays the effect of conduction, and epoxy resin or organic silica gel rise as binding material To the effect being adhesively fixed, to meet the adhesion strength and electrical contact between sub- battery 431 and interconnecting strip 437.The electricity per height Pond 431 is used as the upper surface electrode of first electrode and a lower surface electrode as second electrode, a son electricity comprising one The upper surface electrode in pond 331 is connected by interconnecting strip 437 with the lower surface electrode of latter sub- battery 431, the sub- battery 431 Lower surface electrode is connected by interconnecting strip 437 with the upper surface electrode of previous sub- battery 431, and sub- battery strings 436 are formed with this, Inside sub- battery strings 436, sub- battery 431 is to connect with sub- battery 431, namely the sub- battery 431 in every sub- battery strings 436 Number is more than 1.Sub- battery 431 and the overlapping widths of the bonded areas of interconnecting strip 437 are in 0.5~2.5mm, if overlapping widths are too It is narrow, series resistance between the two can be increased, sub- battery 431 and the adhesion strength of interconnecting strip 437 is reduced；Overlapping widths are too big, The region being blocked of battery surface can be increased, cause the reduction of the effective power generation region of sub- battery 431, power drop.In this reality With in a new preferred embodiment, the overlapping widths are 0.5mm, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, institute Overlapping widths are stated for 1.2mm, in the other preferred embodiments of the utility model, the overlapping widths are 2.0mm, in this practicality In a new also preferred embodiment, the overlapping widths are 2.5mm.

Have by flexible interconnecting strip 437 and with sub- battery strings 436 formed by certain elastic connection of conducting resinl 435 There are enough flexibilities, can be along first direction bending laminating roof.Sub- battery strings 436 are along the second direction parallel laid If, such as Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the spacing between sub- battery strings 436 and sub- battery strings 436 is typically larger than 2mm, to ensure in encapsulation process In two sub- battery strings 436 do not overlap or collide, in order between the sub- battery strings of the effect for realizing printing opacity and sub- battery strings Away from for 3~80mm.Because the spacing between sub- battery strings is bigger, available light-receiving area is smaller, in order to keep certain generating Power, in the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, the spacing is 3mm, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, The spacing is 10mm；In order to further improve light transmittance, in the preferred embodiment of the utility model one, the spacing is 30mm, in another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the spacing is 50mm, in the other preferred embodiments of the utility model In, the spacing is 80mm.

Such as Fig. 8 and Figure 10, two of every sub- battery strings 436 is respectively by interconnecting strip 437 using the bonding of conducting resinl 435 Mode or the mode of welding are connected with positive and negative lead wires 432.Positive and negative lead wires 432 are tin-coated copper welding, the thickness of Copper substrate For 0.10~0.35mm, width is 3~5mm.The positive pole of all sub- battery strings 436 by the positive pole of positive and negative electrode lead 432 with Convergent belt 433 welds together, and the negative pole of all sub- battery strings 436 passes through the negative pole and convergent belt 433 of negative and positive contact conductor 432 Weld together, sent into solar power generation in terminal box 434 by convergent belt 433.Crystal silicon euphotic solar energy is constituted above Battery pack 430.

Then, crystal silicon solar batteries group 430 is placed between upper encapsulated layer 410 and lower encapsulated layer 440, divided between three Not Pu She adhesive film 420 be packaged processing.The adhesive film 420 is PVB glued membrane or POE of the thickness in 0.30~0.60mm Glued membrane, in the transmitance of visible-range>85%.Adhesive film 420 plays a part of having two aspects herein, and one is sealed on bonding Layer 410, solar battery group 430 and lower encapsulated layer 440 are filled, two be for solar battery group 430 and upper encapsulated layer 410, lower envelope Cushioning effect is provided between dress layer 440, it is to avoid is mutually collided between fragile material in encapsulation process, is caused breakage.The envelope Dress processing is what is carried out in the laminating machine with metal grinding tool, and temperature is increased into 140~150 DEG C, said structure heap is folded It is placed in laminating machine, extracts vacuum, vacuum pressure is laminated 30 minutes, you can encapsulated layer in extraction in -30~-70Kpa or so 410th, the air between solar battery group 430 and lower encapsulated layer 440, allows adhesive film 420 fully to melt, between the full three of filling Space, three is bonded as one.The encapsulation process can also be carried out in autoclave, by upper encapsulated layer 410, solar energy After air between battery pack 430 and lower encapsulated layer 440 is extracted out, temperature is increased to 140~150 DEG C, while applying 5~10 The pressure of atmospheric pressure, allows adhesive film 420 fully to melt, the space between the full three of filling, and three is bonded as one.

Finally, convergent belt 433 is passed through into the perforation that lower encapsulated layer 440 is reserved, be drawn out in terminal box 434.Terminal box 434 The outer surface of lower encapsulated layer 440 is installed on by way of silicone adhesive, is connected with the battery pack or electrical appliance on car.

Table 3 is the light-transmission type crystal silicon solar batteries module packaging for the hyperboloid roof that the present embodiment is applied to different curvature Situation, the description of size described in table refers to the length along the length * of the first direction along the second direction.

Embodiment 5：

The difference of the utility model embodiment and embodiment 4 is, in example 4, the sub- battery in sub- battery strings 436 Connected between 431 by equally distributed 2~5 interconnecting strips 437, the interconnecting strip 437 is tin-coated copper welding, the thickness of Copper substrate Degree is in 0.10~0.25mm, and width is in 0.5~2.0mm, and in the present embodiment, and as shown in figure 11, the son in sub- battery strings 536 is electric The copper cash that interconnecting strip 537 between pond 531 is a diameter of 0.15~0.35um, the alloy-layer of the copper cash outer wrapping low melting point, Such as tin bismuth silver, indium alloy, or the conducting resinl comprising conductive particle, the copper cash number are 12~30.

The utility model embodiment is used as interconnecting strip using very thin copper cash so that the sub- neutron battery 531 of battery strings 536 with Almost naked eyes are invisible for line between sub- battery 531, interconnecting strip 537 can be reduced as far as possible and sight and light are blocked, entered One step improves light transmittance.In addition leading between sub- battery 531 and sub- battery 531 is improved by increasing the quantity of interconnecting strip 537 Electrically, the low-melting alloy on interconnecting strip surface, can help 140~160 DEG C of the lamination in follow-up encapsulation process of interconnecting strip 537 Or under autoclave temp, it becomes possible to form good electrical contact with the sub- upper and lower surface of battery 531.

Embodiment 6：

The utility model embodiment is the deformation of embodiment 3.For the radius of curvature that bends in a second direction it is small, along first Embodiment 3 is deformed into sub- battery by the application of the big hyperboloid roof of radius of curvature of direction bending, the utility model embodiment 631 along second direction series arrangement, and the connected mode of sub- battery 631 is similar to Example 3, and son is formed by conductive adhesive Battery strings 636, sub- battery strings 636 arranged in parallel in the first direction.

In the more excellent embodiment of the utility model, in order to obtain higher voltage, with reference to Figure 12, one of them sub- battery strings 636 positive pole is connected with the negative pole of another sub- battery strings 636 by busbar 638, and the busbar 638 is tin plating brazing Band, the thickness of Copper substrate is 0.10~0.35mm, and width is 3~5mm, and all sub- battery strings 636 are connected by busbar 638 to be connected Connect, its sense of current as shown by the arrows in figure 12, is achieved in higher output voltage.

Embodiment 7：

The utility model embodiment is the deformation of embodiment 4.For the radius of curvature that bends in a second direction it is small, along first The application of the big hyperboloid roof of radius of curvature of direction bending, sub- battery 731 is along second direction series arrangement, in order to realize The effect of printing opacity, the connected mode of sub- battery 731 refers to embodiment 4, and sub- battery 731 is arranged with sub- battery 731 with a determining deviation Cloth, the interval region between sub- battery 731 and sub- battery 731 can allow between visible light-transmissive, sub- battery 731 by uniform The connection of interconnecting strip 737 of distribution forms sub- battery strings 736.

In the more excellent embodiment of the utility model, the structure of solar battery group 730 see to be solved to implement shown in Figure 13 All series connection causes the problem of voltage is higher in example 6.Specifically, the sub- battery strings 736 of the two of which of solar battery group 730 are led to Crossing positive and negative lead wires 732 makes positive pole be connected with positive pole, and negative pole is connected with negative pole, forms a battery strings group, by two other son Battery strings 736 make positive pole be connected with positive pole by positive and negative lead wires 732, and negative pole is connected with negative pole, form another battery strings group, Battery strings group positive pole connection negative pole is together in series, a battery strings group provides negative pole, another battery strings group provides positive pole, point Terminal box 734 is not imported by convergent belt 733, its sense of current is as shown by arrows in FIG..From there through rational connection in series-parallel cloth Put, different voltage requests can either be met, can also play a part of preventing hot spot effect, it is ensured that more structurally sound generating Energy.

Embodiment 8：

Refer to shown in Figure 14 to Figure 16, in order to meet the demand that printing opacity and high efficiency generate electricity, the utilization of optimization simultaneously Roof area, but do not lose the solar battery group 830 in the permeability of glass roof, solar modules can simultaneously using height The structure of the sub- battery strings 8361 of efficiency crystal silicon solar and the sub- mixed type of battery strings 8362 of thin film solar.

Such as Figure 14, the structure of the sub- battery strings 8361 of high efficiency crystal silicon solar may be referred to embodiment 3.In this practicality In new preferred embodiment, the sub- battery strings 8361 of high efficiency crystal silicon solar by efficient silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction (HIT, Heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer) battery is in series, on the specific of sub- battery strings 8361 Structure refer to embodiment 3, will not be repeated here.Because sub- battery strings 8361 are lightproof part, in order to meet translucent effect, Sub- battery strings 8361 are arranged in the maximum close headstock of hyperboloid curved roof degree and the marginal portion close to the tailstock, due to The elastic connection of conducting resinl is employed between sub- the neutron battery 831 of battery strings 8361 and sub- battery 831, it is ensured that bending well Property, and electrical contact is reliable.

Such as Figure 15, the structure of the sub- battery strings 8362 of thin film solar may be referred to embodiment 1.It is excellent in the utility model In the embodiment of choosing, use with the amorphous silicon film battery on ultra thin glass substrates, the thickness of the ultra-thin glass for 0.1mm~ 1mm, with good translucency, also had using transparent conductive oxide as preceding electrode and back electrode more than 85% it is visible Light transmission rate, and amorphous silicon membrane has certain translucency in visible ray in itself, about 10% or so, therefore can be with this region Realize a certain proportion of visible light-transmissive.It is furthermore preferred that the sub- battery strings 8362 of the thin film solar are arranged in into hyperboloid car The middle part in addition to the edge on top, the usual middle part surface is more smooth, thus can use compared with The sub- battery strings 8362 of film of large area.Specifically, different according to the curvature on surface, the sub- battery strings 8362 of film can be one whole Block, can also be constituted by some.

Such as Figure 16, all sub- battery strings 8361 of high efficiency crystal silicon solar, the sub- battery strings 8362 of thin film solar are by just Negative wire 832 welds together the positive pole of all sub- battery strings and convergent belt 833, the negative pole and convergent belt of all battery strings 833 weld together.Mixed type solar battery pack 830 is constituted above.Further, high efficiency crystal silicon solar Battery strings 8361 and the sub- battery strings 8362 of the thin film solar need to carry out the matched design of voltage so that in battery series-parallel connection The voltage at two ends is consistent, it is to avoid electric current adverse current caused by voltage mismatch.

By the way of this crystal silicon solar batteries and thin-film solar cells mixed configuration, it is ensured that top of car Printing opacity, but also certain generating efficiency can be taken into account.

Table 4 shows the electrical property for the solar modules for being used for hyperboloid roof in above-described embodiment, further comprises The arrangement not being mentioned in the above-described embodiments or the solar modules of connected mode.

The battery pack of the compact arranged sub- cell parallel formation of 6 films, is 980*680mm in size in the Fig. 3 of embodiment 1 Roof on maximum output 74W or so power can be provided, use thin glass for the hull cell of substrate, film itself has 10% or so visible light-transmissive.

Use the film battery 22 more narrower than Fig. 3 in the Fig. 4 of embodiment 2, the width of sub- battery is 35mm, sub- battery with Spacing between sub- battery is 9mm, sequentially forms the transmission region alternated, can provide 60W or so power, and can Meet the requirement of 30% visible light transmissivity.

By efficient hetero-junctions (HIT, Heterojunction with intrinsic thin- in the Fig. 7 of embodiment 3 Layer) cell piece is split, each to be divided into a sub- battery, sub- battery is bonded into battery strings with conducting resinl, in 980* Highest 140W power can be realized on 680mm roof, and according to external demand, the voltage of output can from 13.5V~80.7V Adjust, when all battery series-parallel connections, voltage is minimum, voltage is maximum during all battery strings series connection.In order to realize the solar-electricity of maximum Pond power output, embodiment 3 employs totally-enclosed lighttight structure, it is notable that totally-enclosed lighttight structure, car Top gross area solar conversion efficiency is up to 21%.

The printing opacity of roof is realized, sub- battery and son can be utilized by widening the spacing between sub- battery and sub- battery White space printing opacity between battery is realized, as shown in the Figure 10 of embodiment 4, in the case of 30% light transmittance, solar-electricity Group maximum power in pond still has 98W, and roof gross area solar conversion efficiency still has 14.7%.

Sub- battery strings in embodiment 6 and embodiment 7 parallel arrangement in the first direction, it is similar, under this arrangement, too It is positive can battery pack voltage remain able to it is adjustable from 19.6~78V as needed, can also by the adjustment of sub- battery spacing come Realize Figure 13 in the demand of roof printing opacity, such as embodiment 7.

Another structure for realizing roof printing opacity is to combine semi-transparent hull cell and efficient crystal silicon battery, is being needed Want the region of printing opacity to arrange semi-transparent hull cell, do not need the region of printing opacity to arrange efficient crystal silicon battery, so Certain light transmittance can either be ensured, be unlikely to again in a large amount of peak power outputs for sacrificing solar battery group, such as embodiment 8 Figure 16, the visible light transmissivity of central area is 10%, the peak power output of whole battery pack can with 95W, this embodiment Advantage is that hull cell color in whole transmission region is uniform and printing opacity homogeneous soft, real by pulling open spacing with crystal silicon battery Existing translucent effect is compared, more attractive in appearance, and can realize a variety of different colors.

In summary, the utility model is directed to deep camber roof or deep camber glass sunroof with hyperboloid structure, A kind of solar modules structure is proposed, it is characterized by the solar panel or solar battery sheet for first using preparation Cut, be evenly divided into the sub- battery unit of number of smaller, smaller sub- battery unit, compared with full-scale battery, energy It is enough to be arranged and be unlikely to by very big stress along curved surface arc direction, for the less curved mask of radius of curvature There are more preferable laminating ability, the problem of largely reducing cell fracture in encapsulation process.Use with conducting resinl antithetical phrase electricity Pond is bonded with sub- battery, compared with welding, and the bonding of conducting resinl is more flexible, can be bent in sub- battery strings When buffering is provided, the reliability being electrically connected is kept, while also meeting appropriately curved requirement.Finally, the son of small size Battery, more neatly can carry out arrangement in series or in parallel with second direction in the first direction on hyperboloid roof, Arranged by rational connection in series-parallel, different voltage requests can either be met, can also play a part of preventing hot spot effect, phase The structure or the mode of a monoblock solar panels connected than all batteries piece, the connection of the sub- battery of small size can ensure more Reliable power generation performance.

Although for example purpose, having been disclosed for preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the common skill of this area Art personnel will realize the situation of the scope and spirit of the present utility model disclosed in not departing from by appended claims Under, various improvement, increase and substitution are possible.

Claims

1. a kind of solar modules for hyperboloid roof, it is characterised in that including：

Upper encapsulated layer, adhesive film, solar battery group and lower encapsulated layer；

The adhesive film bonds together the upper encapsulated layer, the lower encapsulated layer with the solar battery group；

The upper encapsulated layer and the lower encapsulated layer are set to the curved surface being adapted with the hyperboloid roof shape；

The curved surface is hyperboloid along a first direction with second direction bending；

The solar battery group includes some sub- battery strings；

Sub- battery number >=1 in the sub- battery strings, the sub- battery is by thin-film solar cell panel or crystal silicon solar Cell piece is split to form；

The sub- battery is arranged in the sub- battery strings along the first direction；

The sub- battery strings are along the second direction parallel laid；

It is at least one structure for being connected in parallel, being connected in series and being combined in parallel and serial connection between the sub- battery strings.

2. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that between the sub- battery strings There is spacing, the spacing >=2mm.

3. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the sub- battery strings When sub- battery number is equal to 1, length of the sub- battery along the second direction is 35mm~750mm, and the curved surface is described in The radius of curvature of first direction bending is less than the radius of curvature that the curved surface is bent along the second direction, and the sub- battery is thin Film solar cell, the thin-film solar cells has flexible.

4. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the sub- battery strings When sub- battery number is more than 1, the sub- battery is cascaded to form sub- battery strings along the first direction, and the curved surface is along institute The radius of curvature for stating first direction bending is less than the radius of curvature that the curved surface is bent along the second direction, the sub- battery edge The length of the first direction is 5mm~85mm, and the sub- battery is crystal silicon solar batteries.

5. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the sub- battery bag is containing the The opposite polarity of one electrode and second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode of the sub- battery with Stacked and be bonded by conducting resinl between the second electrode of adjacent subcell, the overlapping widths of bonding region are in 0.5mm~2.5mm.

6. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that pressed between the sub- battery Spacing is arranged, and the sub- battery bag contains the polarity phase of first electrode and second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode Instead, the first electrode of the sub- battery is connected by interconnecting strip and the second electrode of adjacent subcell, the sub- battery with it is described The overlapping widths of interconnecting strip bonding region pass through conductive adhesive in 0.5mm~2.5mm between the sub- battery and interconnecting strip.

7. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the solar battery group In sub- battery strings select the sub- battery strings of thin film solar, the sub- battery strings of crystal silicon solar in one or more, when it is described too Positive sub- battery strings that can be in battery pack simultaneously from the sub- battery strings of thin film solar and crystal silicon solar battery strings when, the crystalline substance The sub- battery strings of silicon solar are used to be arranged in roof close to headstock and close to the edge of the tailstock, the thin film solar electricity The middle part in addition to the edge that pond is gone here and there for being arranged in roof.

8. be used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the curved surface is along described the The radius of curvature of one direction bending is 1200~6000mm, the radius of curvature bent along the second direction for 2000~ 15000mm, the first direction is vertical with the second direction.

9. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the solar modules are also Including positive wire, negative wire, convergent belt and terminal box, the positive poles of some sub- battery strings by positive wire with it is described Convergent belt is linked together, and the negative pole of some sub- battery strings is linked together by negative wire with the convergent belt, institute State lower encapsulated layer and reserve punch position, the convergent belt passes the access terminal box, the wiring from the punch position Box is installed on the surface of the remote solar battery group side of the lower encapsulated layer by way of silica gel is bonded.

10. it is used for the solar modules of hyperboloid roof as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the solar modules Fitted with roof or roof a part.