A kind of tiny-oil ignition and smooth combustion apparatus with coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitor
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of tiny-oil ignition and smooth combustion apparatus, belongs to thermal power technical field.
Background technology
With constantly soaring, electric power, the continuous enlarging for the unit that heats so that electric power, petrochemical industry of international and domestic fuel price
Cold conditions or hot starting, hot start igniting etc. the various pulverized-coal fired boilers of industry is increased with low-load combustion-stabilizing with oil mass, and expense is also on straight line
Rise, while with the increasing of the various industries oil mass such as communications and transportation, chemical industry, fuel price is caused again, and medium well is not high.To understand
The boiler in industries such as electric power, petrochemical industry all in research oil-free or tiny-oil ignition and stable combustion technology, is tried hard to by certainly this problem, each state
Igniting and steady combustion stage, fuel oil is replaced with the relatively low fire coal of price, the purpose that energy expenditure is saved with coal for replacing oil is reached.
The research of current igniting technology with less oil, but from the point of view of achievement in research, all in the presence of certain deficiency, main performance
Bad in coal burner combustion efficiency, coal dust flow velocity is not monitored accurately with concentration, and micro- oil gun oil spout hole plug causes micro-
Burner coking and fire extinguishing phenomenon occur for oil drop fire.
Utility model content
Technology of the present utility model solves problem:Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided one kind with coal dust flow velocity with it is dense
The tiny-oil ignition and smooth combustion apparatus of monitoring are spent, the micro- oil of fractional combustion coal burner, air atomizing of slope disturbance block will be installed
Rifle and coal dust flow velocity are combined together with concentration monitoring device, fundamentally solve unsuccessful the asking with combustion instability of igniting
Topic.
Technical solution of the present utility model:A kind of tiny-oil ignition with coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitor is filled with steady combustion
Put, including fractional combustion coal burner, compressed air are atomized micro- oil gun component, coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitoring device, once
Wind powder pipe road, micro- oil gun combustion air passage;Described fractional combustion coal burner includes coal burner shell, burning
Room, coal burner elbow, combustion chamber are arranged in coal burner shell, close to coal burner shell one end port;Coal
Powder burner elbow two ends are connected with coal burner shell other end port, primary wind and powder pipeline respectively;Described compression is empty
The micro- oil gun component of aerosolization includes micro- oil gun, high-energy igniter, pneumatic actuator connecting rod, pneumatic actuator, micro-oil fire inspection
Device;Micro- oil gun combustion air passage inserts fractional combustion coal burner, and the combustion of fractional combustion coal burner is stretched into end
Burn in the port of room and obtain air from micro- oil gun combustion air inlet positioned at micro- oil gun combustion air channel end, micro- oil gun is helped
The combustion chamber for firing air duct and fractional combustion coal burner is coaxial;It is combustion-supporting that micro- oil gun, high-energy igniter are respectively positioned on micro- oil gun
In air duct;Pneumatic actuator passes through pneumatic execution by pneumatic actuator connecting rod and high-energy igniter cage connection
The stroke motion of device causes high-energy igniter to be moved forward and backward;Micro-oil fire checking device and micro- oil gun arranged parallel, to micro- oil gun
The state of catching fire judged;Coal dust flow velocity is fixedly installed on primary wind and powder pipeline with concentration monitoring device.
The combustion chamber of described fractional combustion coal burner include outer combustion chamber, outer combustion chamber annular collision ring,
Intermediate combustion room, intermediate combustion room slope disturbance block, internal layer combustion chamber, internal layer combustion chamber slope disturbance block, outer combustion chamber wall
Warm measuring point, internal layer chamber wall temperature measuring point;Outer combustion chamber, intermediate combustion room, internal layer combustion chamber are from coal burner shell one
End port starts front and rear arrangement successively, coaxial between outer combustion chamber, intermediate combustion room and internal layer combustion chamber, passes through support respectively
Block is installed in coal burner shell;The inwall that outer combustion chamber annular collision ring is installed on outer combustion chamber fires close to coal dust
Burner outer cover port one end, is uniformly distributed on the inwall of intermediate combustion room to intermediate combustion room slope disturbance block gap, internal layer
It is uniformly distributed on the inwall of internal layer combustion chamber to combustion chamber slope disturbance block gap;Outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point is located at outer layer
On combustion chamber, internal layer chamber wall temperature measuring point is located on internal layer combustion chamber, outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point, internal layer chamber wall temperature
Measuring point monitoring outer combustion chamber and the change of the wall temperature of internal layer combustion chamber in real time respectively.
Arcuately bend installs elbow dividing plate in the coal burner elbow, coal burner elbow interior wall and elbow every
Plate two sides is fitted with wear-resistant material part.
It is with 10 degree~45 degree inclination angles that intermediate combustion room slope, which disturbs block or internal layer combustion chamber slope disturbance block,
Wedge-shaped catch.
Micro- oil gun includes outer nozzle, middle nozzle, oil burner nozzle, micro- oil gun connecting tube, micro- oil gun gun body;Outer nozzle, in
Nozzle, oil burner nozzle are set with arrangement from outside to inside with same circular fashion, are connected by micro- oil gun connecting tube with micro- oil gun gun body;Outer spray
Mouth, middle nozzle, oil burner nozzle, micro- oil gun connecting tube, high-energy igniter are respectively positioned in micro- oil gun combustion air passage.
The coal dust flow velocity is more than again with straight section length of the concentration monitoring device installation site away from primary wind and powder pipeline import
Primary wind and powder pipeline diameter, away from wind powder pipe road export straight section length be more than times primary wind and powder pipeline diameter;Primary wind and powder
Pipeline is connected one end with coal burner elbow for primary wind and powder pipe outlet, and the other end is primary wind and powder pipeline import.
The measurement of inductance part of the coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitoring device is inner ring coiled, is fitted around in First air
On powder pipeline.
The material of the wear-resistant material part is wear-resistant ceramic, hexsteel, high-chromium alloy or KN Nanoalloys.
The advantage of the utility model compared with prior art is:
(1) the utility model is using the fractional combustion coal burner for installing slope disturbance block, and Existing In Pulverized Coal Burner Design is
Three layers of fractional combustion structure, arrange the collision ring of annular, in intermediate combustion room and internal layer combustion chamber in outer layer Inner Wall of Combustion Chamber
Wall cloth puts slope disturbance block, and wind powder air-flow can be made to produce flow gradient disturbance in flow process, increase the rapids of wind powder air-flow
Mobility, so as to make wind powder air-flow preferably be contacted with micro-oil fire flame, stable burning.
(2) the utility model arranges outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point in outer layer outer wall of combustion chamber, in internal layer combustion chamber placement
Internal layer chamber wall temperature measuring point, the wall temperature situation of change of outer combustion chamber and internal layer combustion chamber can be monitored in real time, passes through wall temperature
Change adjust the flowing velocity of primary wind and powder, so as to prevent combustion chamber overheating operation
(3) the utility model arranges elbow dividing plate inside coal burner elbow, and elbow dividing plate is arranged with elbow interior wall
Wear-resistant material part, can prevent primary wind and powder in flow process by, due to centrifugal action, causing coal powder density during elbow
Uneven, wear-resistant material part ensure that elbow interior wall, not by wind powder airflow scouring, increases the service life with central dividing plate.
(4) the micro- oil gun of the utility model uses compressed air atomised form, and compressed air require passes through thermal mass flow
Meter or metal pipe float flow meter are accurately measured, and fuel flow carries out essence by turbine flowmeter or mass flowmenter
Locating tab assembly, pressure switch signal measurement, compressed air signal and the conveying of fuel oil signal can also be used to compressed air and fuel oil
To control system, the burning operation to micro- oil gun provides protection, prevents abnormal conditions from occurring.
(5) the micro- oil gun of the utility model uses with coal burner and is co-axially mounted structure, what micro- oil gun flame travelled forward
Direction is consistent with wind powder air motion direction, and is parallel to each other, and the time that wind powder air-flow is heated by torch flame is longer, improves
Ignition Stability.
(6) the utility model coal dust flow velocity is designed as the survey of contactless total cross-section wind powder measurement with concentration monitoring device
Amount mode, based on array type electrostatic sensor and space filtering measurement, the fully wrapped around whole wind powder runoff of sensor, and wind powder
Without frictional impact, to the flowing of wind powder without any interference, the electrostatic information carried by coal dust is measured, and wind powder is recorded in real time
Flowing velocity and concentration.When ignition flame occurs abnormal, it can be judged by DATA REASONING, so as to carry out again
The combustion adjustment of relevant device and device, reaches stable ignition state.
(7) the utility model is mainly used in cold conditions or hot starting, hot start igniting and the low-load combustion-stabilizing stage of pulverized-coal fired boiler,
The industry in cement, ceramics, metallurgy etc. using coal dust as main energy sources can also be applied simultaneously.This utility model device is for coal
Powder has very strong adaptability, can light the coal dust of the various coals such as lignite, bituminous coal, meager coal, anthracite, mixed coal.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model overall structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model coal burner part and micro- oil gun front part schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the utility model coal burner part and micro- oil gun part schematic rear view;
Fig. 4 is the utility model coal burner elbow schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the utility model coal burner elbow dividing plate schematic diagram.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of tiny-oil ignition and smooth combustion apparatus with coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitor, including slope is installed
Disturb the fractional combustion coal burner of block, compressed air and be atomized micro- oil gun component, coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitoring device 26, one
Secondary wind powder pipe road 25, micro- oil gun combustion air passage 10.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, fractional combustion coal burner include coal burner shell 1, outer combustion chamber 2,
Outer combustion chamber annular collision ring 3, intermediate combustion room 4, intermediate combustion room slope disturbance block 5, internal layer combustion chamber 6, internal layer burning
Room slope disturbance block 7, outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point 8, internal layer chamber wall temperature measuring point 9, coal burner elbow 22, elbow every
Plate 23, wear-resistant material part 24;Outer combustion chamber 2, intermediate combustion room 4, internal layer combustion chamber 6 are from one end end of coal burner shell 1
Mouth starts front and rear arrangement successively, coaxial between outer combustion chamber 2, intermediate combustion room 4 and internal layer combustion chamber 6, passes through support respectively
Block is installed in coal burner shell 1;Wind powder air-flow can be made to produce flow gradient disturbance in flow process, increase wind powder
The turbulivity of air-flow, so as to make wind powder air-flow preferably be contacted with micro-oil fire flame, stable burning.Outer combustion chamber annular is touched
Hit ring 3 and be installed on the inwall of outer combustion chamber 2 close to the port one end of coal burner shell 1, intermediate combustion room slope disturbance block 5
Compartment of terrain is uniformly distributed on the inwall of intermediate combustion room 4, and internal layer combustion chamber slope disturbance block 7 compartment of terrain is uniformly distributed in internal layer
On the inwall of combustion chamber 6, intermediate combustion room slope disturbance block 5 is with 10 degree~45 degree with internal layer combustion chamber slope disturbance block 7
The wedge-shaped catch at inclination angle;The two ends of coal burner elbow 22 respectively with the other end port of coal burner shell 1, primary air inlet
The port of road 25 is connected;Arcuately bend installs elbow dividing plate 23, the inwall of coal burner elbow 22 in coal burner elbow 22
Wear-resistant material part 24 is fitted with the two sides of elbow dividing plate 23, can prevent primary wind and powder from passing through coal dust firing in flow process
Due to centrifugal action during device elbow 22, the uneven of coal powder density is caused, wear-resistant material part 24 ensure that coal burner elbow
22 inwalls, not by wind powder airflow scouring, increase the service life with central dividing plate 23.Outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point 8 is fired positioned at outer layer
Burn on room 2, internal layer chamber wall temperature measuring point 9 is located on internal layer combustion chamber 6.Outer combustion chamber wall temperature measurement point 8, internal layer chamber wall
Warm measuring point 9 can monitor the wall temperature situation of change of outer combustion chamber 2 and internal layer combustion chamber 6 in real time respectively, pass through the change of wall temperature
To adjust the flowing velocity of primary wind and powder, so as to prevent combustion chamber overheating operation.The material of wear-resistant material part 24 is wear-resisting pottery
Porcelain, hexsteel, high-chromium alloy or KN Nanoalloys.
As shown in figure 3, compressed air, which is atomized micro- oil gun component, includes micro- oil gun 11, high-energy igniter 17, pneumatic execution machine
Structure connecting rod 18, pneumatic actuator 19, micro-oil fire checking device 20;Micro- oil gun combustion air passage 10 inserts coal burner elbow
22, end is stretched into the port of internal layer combustion chamber 6 and entered from micro- oil gun combustion air positioned at micro- end of oil gun combustion air passage 10
Mouth 21 obtains air, using coaxial knot during the fractional combustion coal burner part installation of micro- oil gun 11 and installation slope disturbance block
Structure, micro- oil gun combustion air passage 10 is coaxial with internal layer combustion chamber 6;Micro- oil gun 11 includes outer nozzle 12, middle nozzle 13, oil burner nozzle
14th, micro- oil gun connecting tube 15, micro- oil gun gun body 16;Outer nozzle 12, middle nozzle 13, oil burner nozzle 14 with same circular fashion from outside to inside
Suit arrangement, is connected by micro- oil gun connecting tube 15 with micro- oil gun gun body 16;Outer nozzle 12, middle nozzle 13, oil burner nozzle 14, micro- oil
Rifle connecting tube 15, high-energy igniter 17 are respectively positioned in micro- oil gun combustion air passage 10;Pneumatic actuator 19 passes through pneumatic execution
Mechanism connecting rod 18 and the cage connection of high-energy igniter 17, cause high-energy igniter 17 by the stroke motion of pneumatic actuator 19
Moved forward and backward, when needing igniting, high-energy igniter 17 is entered in the mist of oil of micro- oil gun 11 foremost, when igniting is completed
Afterwards, moved on to after high-energy igniter 17 behind micro- oil gun nozzle, prevent high-energy igniter 17 to be burned;Micro-oil fire checking device 20 with it is micro-
The arranged parallel of oil gun 11, the state of catching fire to micro- oil gun 11 judges, when micro- oil gun 11 catches fire, has sent fiery signal, when
When micro- oil gun 11 is without fire, fire extinguishing signal is sent.Fuel oil and atomizing air enter from micro- oil gun gun body 16 and micro- oil gun connecting pipe 15
Enter to micro- oil gun nozzle, fuel oil is sprayed from oil burner nozzle 14, and therefrom nozzle 13 and outer nozzle 12 are sprayed compressed air, and fuel oil is compressed
Air atomizing, is atomized as ultra-fine mist of oil.Compressed air require is entered by thermal mass flow meter or metal pipe float flow meter
Row is accurately measured, and fuel flow is accurately measured by turbine flowmeter or mass flowmenter, to compressed air and fuel oil
Pressure switch signal measurement can also be used, compressed air signal and fuel oil signal are transported to control system, to micro- oil gun 11
Burning operation provides protection, prevents abnormal conditions from occurring.
Primary wind and powder pipeline 25 is connected with coal burner elbow 22, and coal dust flow velocity is fixedly mounted with concentration monitoring device 26
In on primary wind and powder pipeline 25.Coal dust flow velocity includes electrostatic transducer 27 and signal processing module 28 with concentration monitoring device 26;
Coal dust flow velocity is fixedly installed on primary wind and powder pipeline 25 with concentration monitoring device 26;Coal dust flow velocity is pacified with concentration monitoring device 26
Holding position need to ensure that the import straight section length of primary wind and powder pipeline 25 is more than 5 times of the diameter of primary wind and powder pipeline 25, and outlet straight section is long
The measurement of inductance part of primary wind and powder pipeline 25 diameter of the degree more than 1 times, coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitoring device 26 is interior the ring disk
Tubular type, is fitted around on primary wind and powder pipeline 25.
Coal dust flow velocity is designed as the metering system of contactless total cross-section wind powder measurement with concentration monitoring device 26, with battle array
Column electrostatic transducer 27 and space filtering measurement based on, the fully wrapped around whole wind powder runoff of electrostatic transducer 27, and wind powder without
Frictional impact, to the flowing of wind powder without any interference, is measured, signal processing module by the self-contained electrostatic information of coal dust
The information that 28 pairs of electrostatic transducers 27 are measured is handled, and obtains and record in real time the flowing velocity and concentration of wind powder;While coal
Powder flow rate can also use ultrasonic measurement mode with concentration monitoring device 26., can when ignition flame occurs abnormal
Judged by DATA REASONING, so as to carry out the combustion adjustment of relevant device and device again, reach stable ignition
State.
Operation principle of the present utility model:The import of primary wind and powder pipeline 25 and boiler or the primary air inlet at kiln scene
Road is attached, and classification coal burner spout front end is connected with furnace wall, and the fuel oil of micro- oil gun 11 passes through with compressed air channel
Micro- oil gun gun body 16 is connected with field pipes, after connection is finished, goes through the interfaces such as fuel oil, compressed air, signal wire, it is ensured that
Errorless rear system installation.Compressed air valve is first opened, then opens fuel valve, after pressure and flow signal are normal, gas
In place, high-energy igniter produces high energy electric spark, high energy spark ignition fuel oil mist of oil, then high-energy ignition to dynamic actuator motions
Device is retreated, and forms temperature while 1800 DEG C or so the stable micro- oil firing flames of high temperature, micro- oil firing flame stabilization operation,
Ensure that the wind powder air-flow in primary wind and powder pipeline 25 meets fired state, and pass through 26 pair one of coal dust flow velocity and concentration monitoring device
Secondary wind powder air-flow carries out stability monitoring, it is ensured that the flow velocity and concentration of primary wind and powder air-flow are in ignition range, if wind powder flow rate
There is big fluctuation with concentration, be adjusted in time by adjusting apparatus, micro-oil fire checking device 20, which ensure that, judges micro- oil gun
Spray whether fuel oil is ignited, prevent the generation of fortuitous event.1800 DEG C of the micro- oil firing flame of high temperature can make particle diameter in 10 μ
M-200 μm of pulverized coal particle is heated to burst, and fugitive constituent is reproduced, so this thermal-flame has for firing coal-dust
Good effect, micro- oil firing flame carries out the effect of lighting with the wind powder mixture in coal burner internal layer combustion chamber 6 first,
Then the wind powder effect of lighting again with intermediate combustion room 4, finally carries out lighting work with the wind powder mixture of outer combustion chamber 2 again
With reaching the purpose of fractional combustion, reduce the energy that coal dust lights needs.Elbow dividing plate 23 can effectively reduce wind powder simultaneously
Air-flow is by, because the phenomenon for the pulverized coal particle inequality that centrifugal action is produced, internal layer combustion chamber slope disturbs block 7 with during elbow
Between combustion chamber slope disturbance block 5 and outer combustion chamber annular collision ring 3 can increase the turbulivity of primary wind and powder air-flow, increase
With the contact effect of micro- oil firing flame, stable ignition state is formed, wind powder air-flow is entered back into burner hearth after progress
Continuous burning.
At present using coal as the industry of combustion medium, due to the combustion characteristics of coal itself, coal dust can not direct point during low temperature
Ignite fire, it is necessary to burner hearth is heated to certain temperature first, coal dust is then put into again, during heating, to consume big
The fuel oil of amount or combustion gas, the cold start igniting of station boiler is often only by China and low-load combustion-stabilizing just burns up about 30,000,000 tons
Fuel oil, in the case that current liquid fuel within and gaseous fuel price are surging, with 6000.00 yuan of calculating of fuel price per ton,
Equivalent 1800.00 hundred million yuan of RMB, along with industries such as other cement, ceramics, metallurgy, therefore annual cold start igniting
With low-load combustion-stabilizing, the expense of institute's consumable liquid fuel is a greatly numeral, and applies this technology, is burnt with micro- oil gun
The direct firing coal-dust liberated heat of flame, to replace big oil gun burning liberated heat, with coal for replacing oil, consumes micro fuel oil,
So using this technology in the case where current energy resource supply is nervous, will provide the security provisions of the fuel oil of country and combustion gas
Powerful support.
The unspecified content of the utility model is known to the skilled person general knowledge.