CN206349945U - Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit - Google Patents
Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206349945U CN206349945U CN201720014056.1U CN201720014056U CN206349945U CN 206349945 U CN206349945 U CN 206349945U CN 201720014056 U CN201720014056 U CN 201720014056U CN 206349945 U CN206349945 U CN 206349945U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- resistance
- micro
- fet
- transformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of micro-current high voltage discharge circuit, including main control chip, booster circuit, on-off circuit, charge/discharge control circuit and discharge module, on-off circuit includes the first FET, triode, first resistor and second resistance, charge/discharge control circuit includes the second FET, transformer, storage capacitor, transmit electric capacity and diode, under the collective effect of main control chip and transformer, it can produce safe, pulsed trickle discharge signal available for stimulation related parts of human body, so as to applied to beauty, in terms of rehabilitation, and due to being powered using battery, therefore, it is possible to safe and portable.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to step-up discharge field, especially a kind of micro-current high voltage discharge circuit.
Background technology
Current high voltage discharge circuit, mainly uses high current to produce high voltage, is pressed so as to obtain high-power height
Circuit, the high voltage discharge circuit that this mode is obtained is mainly used in the electrion product such as television set, ozone machine, by
Purpose is realized using high current, high power to be main in this high voltage discharge circuit, therefore is not appropriate for the rehabilitation treatment of human body
And the application in terms of face and skin beautifying.
Utility model content
To solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of micro-current high voltage discharge circuit, pass through profit
The voltage rise of battery is turned into micro-current high-voltage ac power with booster circuit, and it is high to the micro-current by main control chip
Press AC power carry out discharge time control so that discharge module produce safety, available for stimulate related parts of human body
Pulsed trickle discharge signal, in terms of applied to beauty, rehabilitation, and due to being carried out using battery
Power supply, therefore, it is possible to safe and portable.
The technical scheme that the invention for solving the technical problem is used is：
Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit, including main control chip, the booster circuit being amplified for the voltage to battery, use
The on-off circuit of passage between on or off battery and booster circuit, for the micro-current high-tension electricity after amplification
Source changes into the charge/discharge control circuit of micro-current high-voltage ac power and for micro-current high-voltage ac power to be launched pair
Human body carries out the discharge module of nerve stimulation, and on-off circuit includes the first FET, triode, first resistor and the second electricity
Resistance, input pin and the anode of the first FET are connected together, and first resistor is connected to the control of the first FET
Between pin and input pin processed, the two ends of second resistance are connected to the controlling switch and triode of the first FET
Colelctor electrode, the output pin of the first FET and the input of booster circuit are connected together, the base stage of triode and master control
The switch port of chip is connected together, and emitter stage and the reference ground of triode are connected together, and charge/discharge control circuit includes the
Two FETs, transformer, storage capacitor, transmission electric capacity and diode, the control end of the second FET and main control chip
Pulse signal port is connected together, and its output end is connected together with reference ground, the first output of its input and transformer
Pin is connected together, and the public input pin of transformer and the output end of booster circuit are connected together, the second output of transformer
The positive pole pin of pin and diode is connected together, and negative pin and the reference ground of diode are connected together, storage capacitor
Positive pole is connected to the public input pin of transformer, and its negative pole is connected to reference ground, and the secondary side positive pole pin of transformer passes through transmission
Capacitance connection is connected in the anode of discharge module, the secondary side negative pin of transformer with the negative terminal of discharge module.
Further, booster circuit includes boost chip and can as needed and normally exported for ensureing boost chip
Peripheral components, peripheral components include the first detection resistance, the second detection resistance, colelctor electrode driving resistance, power inductance, two poles
Pipe, sequential electric capacity, the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance, the first detection resistance and the second detection resistance it is parallel with one another and even
It is connected between the energization pins of boost chip and detection pin, the output of the energization pins of boost chip and the first FET is drawn
Pin is connected together, and colelctor electrode driving resistance is connected between the detection pin of boost chip and driving colelctor electrode pin, power
Inductance connection is between the detection pin and switch colelctor electrode pin of boost chip, and diode is connected to the switch collection of boost chip
Voltage signal is caused to be transferred to charge/discharge control circuit, sequential from booster circuit between electrode pin and the public input pin of transformer
The two ends of electric capacity are connected to the sequential capacitor pin and reference ground of boost chip, the switch emitter stage pin of boost chip and
Grounding pin is all connected to reference ground, and the negative pole that the two ends of the first divider resistance are connected to boost chip compares pin and change
The public input pin of depressor, the negative pole that the two ends of the second divider resistance are connected to boost chip compares pin and reference ground.
Further, 3rd resistor, the base of triode are in series between the base stage of triode and the switch port of main control chip
The 4th resistance is connected between pole and emitter stage.
Further, anode is connected to reference ground by a filter capacitor for being used for energy storage and filter action.
Further, the 5th electricity is in series between the control end of the second FET and the pulse signal port of main control chip
Resistance, the 6th resistance is connected between the control end and output end of the second FET.
Further, the model NJM2360 of boost chip.
Further, discharge module is two conductive metal objects.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit, passes through the first FET and triode
Compound action so that the control that main control chip can be turned on and off to micro-current high voltage discharge circuit of the present utility model
System, so as to open or close micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to the need for user, with good hommization；Boosting
The compound action of chip and its peripheral circuit device, can be amplified processing to the small and weak voltage produced by battery, so that
Obtain finally output and reach satisfactory use standard applied to the voltage of related parts of human body；Second FET and transformer
Compound action so that main control chip can be controlled to being exaggerated obtained micro-current high voltage power supply, be allowed to change into micro-
Electric current high-voltage ac power, and the control of discharge time can be carried out to the micro-current high-voltage ac power, so that in electric discharge
Module produces pulsed trickle discharge signal safe, available for stimulation related parts of human body, so as to applied to U.S.
In terms of appearance, rehabilitation, and because the pulsed trickle discharge signal is formed by the power conversion of battery, therefore tool
The characteristics of having safe and portable；The compound action of 3rd resistor and the 4th resistance, can provide one for the base stage of triode and meet
It is required that bias voltage so that triode can be turned in the presence of this bias voltage；5th resistance and the 6th electricity
The compound action of resistance, can provide a satisfactory bias voltage for the control end of the second FET, so that the
Two FETs can be turned in the presence of this bias voltage.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model micro-current high voltage discharge circuit.
Embodiment
Reference picture 1, micro-current high voltage discharge circuit of the present utility model, including main control chip, for the voltage to battery
The booster circuit 1 that is amplified, the on-off circuit 2 for the passage between on or off battery and booster circuit 1, for handle
Micro-current high voltage power supply after amplification changes into the charge/discharge control circuit 3 of micro-current high-voltage ac power and for micro- electricity
Stream high-voltage ac power launches the discharge module 4 that nerve stimulation is carried out to human body, and on-off circuit 2 includes the first FET
Q1, triode Q2, first resistor R1 and second resistance R2, the first FET Q1 input pin and anode B+ are connected to
Together, first resistor R1 is connected between the first FET Q1 controlling switch and input pin, second resistance R2 two ends
It is connected to the first FET Q1 controlling switch and triode Q2 colelctor electrode, the first FET Q1 output pin
It is connected together with the input of booster circuit 1, triode Q2 base stage and the switch port KG of main control chip are connected together,
Triode Q2 emitter stage is connected together with reference ground, charge/discharge control circuit 3 include the second FET Q5, transformer TR1,
Storage capacitor C11, transmission electric capacity C12 and diode D3, the second FET Q5 control end and the pulse signal of main control chip
Port PWM is connected together, and its output end is connected together with reference ground, first output pin of its input and transformer TR1
It is connected together, the output end of transformer TR1 public input pin and booster circuit 1 is connected together, the second of transformer TR1
The positive pole pin of output pin and diode D3 is connected together, and diode D3 negative pin and reference ground are connected together, storage
Energy electric capacity C11 positive pole is connected to transformer TR1 public input pin, and its negative pole is connected to reference ground, transformer TR1 secondary side
Positive pole pin is connected to the anode P of discharge module 4, transformer TR1 secondary side negative pin and electric discharge mould by transmitting electric capacity C12
The negative terminal N of block 4 is connected.Wherein, discharge module 4 is two conductive metal objects.
Reference picture 1, when the massage for carrying out nerve stimulation to human body using micro-current high voltage discharge circuit of the present utility model
During effect, main control chip exports a high level signal, base of the high level signal in triode Q2 from switch port KG first
Pole produces a bias voltage, and triode Q2 is turned in the presence of the bias voltage, now, in the electricity of first resistor R1 and second
Under the partial pressure effect for hindering R2, anode B+ generates difference in the first FET Q1 controlling switch and input pin respectively
Magnitude of voltage, now, the first FET Q1 is switched on, therefore the small and weak power supply produced by battery can be by the first field-effect
Pipe Q1 is transferred to booster circuit 1, under the boosting of booster circuit 1, and the small and weak power supply produced by battery is converted into micro- electricity
High voltage power supply is flowed, now, main control chip exports a high-frequency pulse signal in its pulse signal port PWM, when the high-frequency impulse
When the high level of signal produces bias voltage to the second FET Q5 control end, the second FET Q5 is switched on, due to
Micro-current high voltage power supply stores electricity by a transformer TR1 primary coil and in the primary coil, therefore is becoming
In depressor TR1 secondary coil, a positive micro-current high voltage can be produced；When the low level of high-frequency pulse signal is second
When the bias voltage of FET Q5 control end is dragged down, the second FET Q5 is cut off, now, according to Lenz's law, storage
The electricity in transformer TR1 one of primary coil is stored in, can be put by another primary coil in transformer TR1
Electricity, therefore transformer TR1 secondary coil can produce a reverse micro-current high voltage.Therefore, with the arteries and veins of main control chip
Rush signal port PWM and export lasting high-frequency pulse signal, transformer TR1 secondary coil can produce a micro-current high pressure friendship
Power supply is flowed, and the micro-current high-voltage ac power is discharged by discharge module 4, due to the pulse signal end of main control chip
The time of the high-frequency pulse signal of mouthful PWM output is very short, and the voltage discharged by discharge module 4 is up to 120V, because
This, according to the conservation of energy, the electric current discharged by discharge module 4 is very small, the small pulsed discharge of this electric current
Signal, be capable of safety be used for stimulate the region of interest of human body, in terms of applied to beauty, rehabilitation, and
Due to being powered using battery, therefore, it is possible to safe and portable.
Wherein, reference picture 1, booster circuit 1 includes boost chip U7 and for ensureing that boost chip U7 can be as needed
And the peripheral components normally exported, peripheral components drive electric including the first detection resistance R10, the second detection resistance R11, colelctor electrode
Hinder R13, power inductance L1, diode D2, sequential electric capacity C10, the first divider resistance R18 and the second divider resistance R16, the first inspection
Measuring resistance R10 and the second detection resistance R11 is parallel with one another and is connected to boost chip U7 energization pins V+ and detection pin SI
Between, boost chip U7 energization pins V+ and the first FET Q1 output pin are connected together, colelctor electrode driving electricity
Resistance R13 is connected between boost chip U7 detection pin SI and driving colelctor electrode pin CD, and power inductance L1 is connected to boosting
Between chip U7 detection pin SI and switch colelctor electrode pin CS, diode D2 is connected to boost chip U7 switch colelctor electrode
Voltage signal is caused to be transferred to charge/discharge control circuit 3 from booster circuit 1 between pin CS and transformer TR1 public input pin,
Sequential electric capacity C10 two ends are connected to boost chip U7 sequential capacitor pin CT and reference ground, and boost chip U7's opens
Close emitter stage pin ES and grounding pin GNDP and be all connected to reference ground, the first divider resistance R18 two ends are connected to liter
Pressure chip U7 negative pole compares pin INV and transformer TR1 public input pin, and the second divider resistance R16 two ends connect respectively
The negative pole for being connected to boost chip U7 compares pin INV and reference ground, boost chip U7 model NJM2360.In model
NJM2360 boost chip U7 to the small and weak voltage produced by battery with that under the compound action of its peripheral circuit device, can enter
Row enhanced processing, so that last output reaches satisfactory use standard applied to the voltage of related parts of human body, and
And ensure that for stimulating the micro-current of related parts of human body not damaged to human body.
Wherein, reference picture 1,3rd resistor is in series between triode Q2 base stage and the switch port KG of main control chip
The 4th resistance R4 is connected between R3, triode Q2 base stage and emitter stage.3rd resistor R3 and the 4th resistance R4 combination are made
With a satisfactory bias voltage can be provided for triode Q2 base stage, so that triode Q2 can be at this
Turned in the presence of bias voltage, so as to play the unlatching and the pass that control micro-current high voltage discharge circuit of the present utility model
The effect closed.
Wherein, reference picture 1, anode B+ is connected to ginseng by a filter capacitor C9 for being used for energy storage and filter action
Examine ground.Filter capacitor C9 can be filtered effect to battery, so that the voltage exported by battery can be clean, in addition,
Filter capacitor C9 can also play a part of storing electricity, so that the voltage exported by battery is gentle, be not in
The situation of unexpected power down.
Wherein, reference picture 1, goes here and there between the second FET Q5 control end and the pulse signal port PWM of main control chip
The 5th resistance R20 is associated with, the 6th resistance R21 is connected between the second FET Q5 control end and output end.5th resistance
R20 and the 6th resistance R21 compound action, can provide a satisfactory biasing for the second FET Q5 control end
Voltage, so that the second FET Q5 can be turned in the presence of this bias voltage, so that transformer
TR1 secondary coil produces the micro-current high-voltage ac power that may act on human body.
Above is to it is of the present utility model it is preferable implementation illustrated, but the utility model be not limited to it is above-mentioned
Embodiment, those skilled in the art can also make a variety of be equal on the premise of without prejudice to the utility model spirit
Deformation is replaced, and these equivalent deformations or replacement are all contained in the application claim limited range.
Claims (7)
1. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit, it is characterised in that：The liter being amplified including main control chip, for the voltage to battery
Volt circuit（1）, for battery described on or off and booster circuit（1）Between passage on-off circuit（2）, for warp
The micro-current high voltage power supply crossed after amplification changes into the charge/discharge control circuit of micro-current high-voltage ac power（3）With for described
Micro-current high-voltage ac power launches the discharge module that nerve stimulation is carried out to human body（4）, the on-off circuit（2）Including
First FET（Q1）, triode（Q2）, first resistor（R1）And second resistance（R2）, first FET（Q1）'s
Input pin and anode（B+）It is connected together, the first resistor（R1）It is connected to first FET（Q1）'s
Between controlling switch and input pin, the second resistance（R2）Two ends be connected to first FET（Q1）'s
Controlling switch and the triode（Q2）Colelctor electrode, first FET（Q1）Output pin and the booster circuit
（1）Input be connected together, the triode（Q2）Base stage and the main control chip switch port（KG）It is connected to
Together, the triode（Q2）Emitter stage be connected together with reference ground, the charge/discharge control circuit（3）Including second effect
Ying Guan（Q5）, transformer（TR1）, storage capacitor（C11）, transmission electric capacity（C12）And diode（D3）, second FET
（Q5）Control end and the main control chip pulse signal port（PWM）It is connected together, its output end is connected with reference ground
In together, its input and the transformer（TR1）The first output pin be connected together, the transformer（TR1）It is public
Input pin and the booster circuit（1）Output end be connected together, the transformer（TR1）The second output pin and described two
Pole pipe（D3）Positive pole pin be connected together, the diode（D3）Negative pin be connected together with reference ground, it is described
Storage capacitor（C11）Positive pole be connected to the transformer（TR1）Public input pin, its negative pole is connected to reference ground, described
Transformer（TR1）Secondary side positive pole pin pass through the transmission electric capacity（C12）It is connected to the discharge module（4）Anode（P）,
The transformer（TR1）Secondary side negative pin and the discharge module（4）Negative terminal（N）It is connected.
2. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The booster circuit（1）Including rising
Press chip（U7）With for ensureing the boost chip（U7）The peripheral components that can as needed and normally export, the periphery
Device includes the first detection resistance（R10）, the second detection resistance（R11）, colelctor electrode driving resistance（R13）, power inductance（L1）、
Diode（D2）, sequential electric capacity（C10）, the first divider resistance（R18）With the second divider resistance（R16）, the first detection electricity
Resistance（R10）With the second detection resistance（R11）It is parallel with one another and be connected to the boost chip（U7）Energization pins（V+）And inspection
Survey pin（SI）Between, the boost chip（U7）Energization pins（V+）With first FET（Q1）Output pin
It is connected together, the colelctor electrode drives resistance（R13）It is connected to the boost chip（U7）Detection pin（SI）And driving
Colelctor electrode pin（CD）Between, the power inductance（L1）It is connected to the boost chip（U7）Detection pin（SI）And switch
Colelctor electrode pin（CS）Between, the diode（D2）It is connected to the boost chip（U7）Switch colelctor electrode pin（CS）With
The transformer（TR1）Public input pin between cause voltage signal from the booster circuit（1）It is transferred to the electric discharge control
Circuit processed（3）, the sequential electric capacity（C10）Two ends be connected to the boost chip（U7）Sequential capacitor pin（CT）
And reference ground, the boost chip（U7）Switch emitter stage pin（ES）And grounding pin（GNDP）It is all connected to reference ground,
First divider resistance（R18）Two ends be connected to the boost chip（U7）Negative pole compare pin（INV）And institute
State transformer（TR1）Public input pin, second divider resistance（R16）Two ends be connected to the boost chip
（U7）Negative pole compare pin（INV）And reference ground.
3. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The triode（Q2）Base stage with
The switch port of the main control chip（KG）Between be in series with 3rd resistor（R3）, the triode（Q2）Base stage and emitter stage
Between be connected with the 4th resistance（R4）.
4. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anode（B+）Pass through one
Filter capacitor for playing energy storage and filter action（C9）It is connected to reference ground.
5. according to any described micro-current high voltage discharge circuits of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Second FET
（Q5）Control end and the main control chip pulse signal port（PWM）Between be in series with the 5th resistance（R20）, described second
FET（Q5）Control end and output end between be connected with the 6th resistance（R21）.
6. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The boost chip（U7）Model
For NJM2360.
7. micro-current high voltage discharge circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The discharge module（4）For two
Conductive metal object.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720014056.1U CN206349945U (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720014056.1U CN206349945U (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206349945U true CN206349945U (en) | 2017-07-21 |
Family
ID=59324303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201720014056.1U Active CN206349945U (en) | 2017-01-05 | 2017-01-05 | Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206349945U (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108183606A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-19 | 武汉市海沁医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of micro- heating equipment for beauty instrument |
| CN108969348A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-11 | 云南安瑞国医科技有限公司 | The saturating cave electric stimulation of micro-current |
| CN110005600A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-12 | 厦门标迪电器有限公司 | A kind of control circuit and control method of accurate control air pump pressure and flow |
| CN111435968A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Camera and control method thereof |
| CN116616723A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-22 | 杭州祺晟医疗器械有限公司 | Stimulation high-voltage source circuit of wireless nerve monitor and artifact control method |
-
2017
- 2017-01-05 CN CN201720014056.1U patent/CN206349945U/en active Active
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108183606A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-19 | 武汉市海沁医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of micro- heating equipment for beauty instrument |
| CN108969348A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-11 | 云南安瑞国医科技有限公司 | The saturating cave electric stimulation of micro-current |
| CN111435968A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-07-21 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Camera and control method thereof |
| CN111435968B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2021-08-13 | 杭州海康威视数字技术股份有限公司 | Camera and control method thereof |
| CN110005600A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-12 | 厦门标迪电器有限公司 | A kind of control circuit and control method of accurate control air pump pressure and flow |
| CN110005600B (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2024-05-24 | 厦门标迪电器有限公司 | Control circuit and control method for precisely controlling pressure and flow of air pump |
| CN116616723A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-22 | 杭州祺晟医疗器械有限公司 | Stimulation high-voltage source circuit of wireless nerve monitor and artifact control method |
| CN116616723B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-10-13 | 杭州祺晟医疗器械有限公司 | Stimulation high-voltage source circuit of wireless nerve monitor and artifact control method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN206349945U (en) | Micro-current high voltage discharge circuit | |
| CN205945517U (en) | Little electric current massager | |
| CN204468628U (en) | A kind of circuit of household cosmetic weight reducing instrument | |
| CN206133239U (en) | Hydrogen -rich water cup electrolysis controller | |
| CN107693942A (en) | A kind of medical low-frequency electric pulse therapeutical instrument | |
| CN109450041A (en) | A kind of wireless charging device of multi gear position | |
| CN210261114U (en) | Ozone generator drive circuit | |
| CN208626430U (en) | A kind of medical low-frequency electric pulse therapeutical instrument | |
| CN207203226U (en) | A kind of therapeutic equipment for sick headache | |
| CN210228648U (en) | Beauty instrument | |
| CN202336155U (en) | Electronic quick-acting pain relieving instrument | |
| CN213122664U (en) | Skin care leading-in circuit and leading-in device thereof | |
| CN106169886A (en) | Two grades of booster circuits of high step-up ratio | |
| CN204667560U (en) | Music doorbell with massage function | |
| CN217902284U (en) | Physiotherapy equipment | |
| CN207575556U (en) | A kind of small intelligent health care instrument | |
| JP7381570B2 (en) | Ultrasonic drive circuit | |
| CN202505983U (en) | Electrostatic medical-treatment and health-care device | |
| CN203800664U (en) | Mobile power supply | |
| CN2778315Y (en) | Dedicated portable electric ion introduction therapeutic device for hyperthyroidism | |
| CN203989520U (en) | Specialist system based on ultrasonic physiotherapy table | |
| CN211584897U (en) | Autonomous feedback electronic acupuncture treatment device | |
| CN206211876U (en) | A kind of AC/DC circuit | |
| CN115268308A (en) | Physical therapy apparatus, control method and control device for physical therapy apparatus, and storage medium | |
| CN212588790U (en) | Device for treating seeds by utilizing field effect |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant |