CN206331712U - A kind of human fracture's model - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of human fracture's model, the model at least includes skeleton model, joint connector, skin model, muscle model, vascular pattern, simulation bags of blood and wound model.Compared with prior art, the utility model in same device first simultaneously realistic simulation human limb skin skeletal musculature, the common fracture of long bone sign performance, and four limbs large joint freedom of movement and activity angular range；Medical student is conducive to grasp the performance of fracture as soon as possible, improve teaching efficiency.

Description

A kind of human fracture's model

Technical field

The utility model is related to sensor detection and medical teaching field, and in particular to one kind simulation fracture model.

Background technology

Fracture is common diseases in first aid and institute, when war and earthquake disaster, and the incidence of disease can reach nearly 30%, right The processing of fracture is the important topic of medical field.At the scene or pre hospital care is, it is necessary to fracture patient is fixed, in institute, Need to reset with being fixed fracture patient.Manipulative reduction is one important technology of orthopedics and traumatology of Chinese medicine, existing to medical care The fracture fixation that personnel are carried out resets training and substantially instructed by being simulated on books explanation, viewing anatomical model, normal human body Practice, accumulate to modes such as patient handling experiences, because beginner lacks experience, when can not obtain fracturing again with normal person Process experience, and more unnecessary pains are easily on the one hand caused to patient by being accumulated experience with patient, patient is difficult Receive；On the other hand acquisition experience is difficult to some uncommon cases.The simulation people technology of rising in recent years is then expected to solve This problem, by the simulation for simulating Human To Human's body anatomical structure and illness so that trainee can repeat to obtain close to true The experience of case, the reliable platform of science is provided for the training of relevant medical technology.Not yet there is special diagnosis of fracture at present And fixed reset training simulation people's mold product.

Chinese utility model patent number：98112545.X " fracture, dislocation manipulative reduction model ", disclosing one kind is used for The model of reduction of the fracture gimmick simulated training.It is first come out the characteristic simulation of human body multiple fracture with machinery, electronic technology, Manipulative reduction exercise can be carried out, and can acousto-optic instruction manipulative reduction success or not.The trunk of the model is steel-wood structure, bone For polyvinyl chloride hard plastic rod, muscle is made of black rubber band and extension spring, and flat platysma is simulated with sponge sheet, and skin is imitative with artificial leather System.The high 160cm of model, weight 30kg, can crouch to sit.It is divided into unlatching, solid lock, circuit, four big systems of control.The advantage of the model is Can be opened, the control such as solid lock, and whether acousto-optic prompting resets success.But the model is obvious scarce there is also one It is exactly that model emulation degree is not high to fall into.The first step of human fracture's manipulative reduction is " hand touches heart meeting ", emphasizes the touch by hand, Understand the fracture state of an illness, including the position of fracture, the degree of misalignment of anatomical structure, rotation displacement or shorten situation of displacement etc., from And formed to the three-dimensional print of fracture site as then studying the gimmick and step of reset.And utility model 98112545.X is not pressed The dissection shape fabricating of skeleton, the shift separation being related to fracture, lateral displacement, shortening displacement, angulation displacement, rotation Displacement etc., can not be simulated well, it is also desirable to which the section of design more rule can just smoothly complete operations, with people The complex situations of body fracture are not inconsistent, it is difficult to obtain the training effect of " hand touches heart meeting "；The utility model detection reset method by In there is more mechanical structure, itself may be interfered to reseting procedure so that reset feel untrue.In addition, the model A weak point be it can only simply with acousto-optic hint reset success or not, for reset operating process do not detect with Prompting, also cannot real-time instruction with correcting training action, training effect is good.Thus the utility model is as diagnosis and fixes The training pattern of reset is simultaneously improper.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing structure is present, the utility model proposes a kind of human fracture's model, high emulation Ground is used for the model that human limb long bone fracture is diagnosed and fixed reset is trained, and diagnosis is based on human body with fixed training analog system Fracture model, and the training software system with supporting execution.

The utility model proposes a kind of human fracture's model, the model at least includes skeleton model, joint connector, skin Skin model, muscle model, vascular pattern, simulation bags of blood and wound model；Wherein：

Skeleton model, with skeleton all dissection resemblance and hardness；Joint connector is by simulating joint Mechanical structure constitute, skeleton model is connected according to human synovial active characteristics, it is ensured that the freedom of movement of large joint and Angular range is consistent with normal human；Skin model is covered in the outermost surface of fracture model；Muscle model is arranged on skin Between model and skeleton model；Vascular pattern is arranged in muscle model；Wound is built in the ad-hoc location of human fracture's model Mouth mold type, wound model is fabricated to two kinds of multi-forms, i.e. closed fracture wound model or open fracture wound as needed Mouth mold type, being set in wound model at least includes simulation fracture face in fracture fracture stimulation structure, the structure.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are：First while realistic simulation people in same device Freedom of movement and the work of body limbs skin skeletal musculature, the sign performance of the common fracture of long bone, and four limbs large joint Dynamic angular range；Medical student is conducive to grasp the performance of fracture as soon as possible, improve teaching efficiency.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is acropathy long bone fractures (lower limb, fracture of shaft of tibia) model schematic of the utility model embodiment；

Fig. 2 detects circuit diagram for the fracture model of the utility model embodiment；

It is that the fracture model of the utility model embodiment uses flow chart that Fig. 3, which is,；

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of complete human body's application model of embodiment fracture model of the present utility model；

Fig. 5 is the fracture face angulation of the embodiment for the utility model patent 201510934337.4 that the utility model is quoted Define schematic diagram；(a), fracture model original state；(b), fracture model angulation displacement state；(c), fracture model rotation displacement State；(d), fracture model is combined displaced condition；

Fig. 6 is the grid contact rheostat for the utility model patent 201010263074.6 that the utility model is quoted and touched Point probe

Scheme of installation on the section of fractured bones；

Reference：1st, simulate people's trunk, 2, simulation people's upper limbs, 3, simulation people's lower limb, 4, detection circuit；5th, host computer, 6th, simulation skeleton, 7, sensory package, 8, fracture face, 9, electric wire, 21, power supply, 22, main control unit, 23, wire/wireless communication Unit, 51, fracture near-end；52nd, fracture distal end；53rd, the one or nine axle inertial sensor；54th, the two or nine axle inertial sensor；61、 Wire；62nd, grid contact rheostat；63rd, tip probe.

Embodiment

It is new to this practicality below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to make the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and advantage clearer Type embodiment is described in further detail.

It is real to the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer The mode of applying is described in further detail.

As shown in figure 1, being a kind of acropathy long bone fractures model (lower limb fracture of shaft of tibia) of the present invention, including bone mould Type, joint connector, skin model, muscle model, vascular pattern, simulation bags of blood and wound model etc. part.Wherein, bone Model is made up of true man's bone of hard material (such as PVC) overmolded, with all dissection resemblances of skeleton and Certain hardness；Joint connector by, constitute with some strength material (such as metal) mechanical structure, by skeletal system according to people Body joint motion feature is connected, it is ensured that the freedom of movement of large joint (including hand, elbow, shoulder joint and ankle, knee, hip joint) And angular range is consistent with normal human, while not destroying the feature anatomic landmark of skeleton model；Skin model is by silica gel material It is made, the quality of the proportion adjustment material by adjusting curing agent so that close to the elasticity and feel of human body skin, pass through true man Limbs silica gel overmolded technique so that skin model has and true man highly consistent dermatoglyph and monnolithic case, to silica gel material Expect that color carries out the simulation skin that appropriate adjustment obtains human body complexion；Muscle model, between skin model and skeleton model, by The emulation muscle that the filling of foam sponge material is fabricated to so that simulation model has the limbs appearance and size consistent with true man, and There are the mellowness and elasticity of approximating anatomy's muscle；And two fracture breaking part model configurations, blood vessel mould are set in wound model Type is arranged in muscle model, is mainly used in open fracture model, and it is located in muscle model, can be with simulation bags of blood phase Even, wound bleeding can be simulated by being loaded onto in simulation bags of blood after simulation blood is connected with blood vessel；Wound model part can be according to need Different forms are designed to, mainly there are two kinds, one kind is closed fracture wound, i.e., no skin breakdown is bled, are only swollen The external manifestations such as swollen stasis of blood green grass or young crops, and interior bone fracture the situation split；Another is to have open trauma wounds, skin breakdown, Simulated blood vessel exposes, and the BRB of simulation can be flowed out by connecting wound after the simulation bags of blood for filling simulation blood, while bone is disconnected Split, or even exposure is outside.Wound model is all designed according to the common fracture of human limb, each limbs (such as left upper extremity or the right side Lower limb) modeling one kind fracture, one series of multiple fracture model formation can be produced.Skin, muscle, the bullet of skeleton model Property, feel it is similar to true man, the anatomical structure of skeleton model is identical with true man, wound model and fracture the condition of the injury it is alike, so as to Trained for diagnosis of fracture, trainee can be experienced by observing wound profile and the fracture of skeleton model being touched with hand To the specific condition of the injury of fracture, so as to make diagnosis.

The concrete form of fracture model can be fabricated to the model (as shown in Figure 4) comprising complete human body with various, It can be one of four limbs (as shown in Figure 1), can also be upper part of the body model or lower part of the body model, but must at least have one Fractured at the complete limbs model of bar (such as upper limbs or lower limb) and one wound model, so as to fractured diagnose, it is fixed Reset training.

For example：Fracture of shaft of humerus is as common being generally closed property of fracture fracture, therefore the dislocation of generally only bone is lopsided, Muscle swelling, internal haemorrhage causes the external manifestations such as stasis of blood green grass or young crops, and fixed mode is typically that deck is fixed, and forearm is fixed in the lump. Model thus with complete human body or the upper part of the body, which compares, is appropriate for training.

As shown in Fig. 2 the detection circuit 4 inside fracture model is main by main control unit 22 and at least one being controlled by Sensory package 7, wired or wireless communication unit 23 and power supply 21 are constituted.Each sensory package 7 include two inertial sensors and One displacement transducer；The information that main control unit 22 is detected to sensory package 7 is analyzed, and calculates the fracture breaking part mould Intend the relative angle and the position relationship apart from of the fracture site fractured bone (such as fracture face 8) of structure, then by wired Or radio communication unit 23 is sent to host computer, the software of host computer 5 is realized according to relevant information resets the functions such as training.Sensor The detection method of the related setting of component and bone relative position and angular relationship is referring to patent application number： 201510934337.4,《A kind of reduction of the fracture training pattern angle detection device and its method》With patent of invention number： 201010263074.6,《A kind of fracture model resetting detection device and detection method》.Specific circuit composition such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 It is shown, including two inertia sensing modules, a displacement transducer.Displacement transducer can be shown in Fig. 6 and patent of invention 201010263074.6 identical schemes, can also be from other embodiments, for example, can distinguish at fracture face two ends One light-emitting component and one or more photo-sensitive cells are set, and light-emitting component is located at Section Central, if a photo-sensitive cell, Then it is arranged on the center of another section；If multiple photo-sensitive cells, then arranged in section with certain symmetric mode.By right The change in electric of photo-sensitive cell judges the distance between section (displacement)：Photo-sensitive cell and light-emitting component be closest and face During opposite, electric signal is most strong, and during distance increase, electric signal weakens.

As shown in figure 3, the workflow of system is as follows：After host computer start, software start, communicated with model inspection circuit UNICOM, clicks on software interface and starts button, software starts to receive data.When using first (or when dispatching from the factory), in addition it is also necessary to carry out just Beginningization, i.e., reset fracture site completely, and when allowing bone such as no experience fracture, software is carried out according to the detection data of upload Initialization, now the bone of software interface resets completely.Software interface can select training mode or examination patterns, choosing After having selected, it is possible to be trained or examine according to corresponding pattern.The main distinction of both of which is that training mode is in operation During display bone in real time picture (preferably three-dimensional), point out the relative position relation of fractured bone, at the end of arriving also The path of motion of whole process can be pointed out and suggestion for operation is provided；And examination patterns do not provide real-time picture in operation Face, only provides scoring and the recommendation on improvement of operation at the end.Model selection formally starts training operation, trainee after having got well On model carry out reduction of the fracture operation, can in training mode by watch software interface know from experience operation dynamics, direction, Rotational steps etc., software can also calculate the path of motion for resetting operation and show fracture attitude；Road is acted according to correct Trainee is given in the contrast in footpath guidance, points out the correct mode of operation of trainee；Also can be under examination patterns, oneself is known from experience and complete Operated into resetting.Software provides the corresponding result of pattern of selection after the completion of operation.Both of which can all be completed in training process Afterwards, reset effect can be estimated, grade evaluation is provided by clinical standard, and can be to the bone site of whole process The dynamic process of change carries out video reproduction, and points out the mistake in operating process, instructs trainee to improve operation technique.

When resetting training, the virtual reality picture of appendicular skeleton, real-time exhibition fracture can be seen from software interface The bone relative position and angular relationship at place, trainee can compare virtual reality picture to correct training action in real time, also may be used To complete to reset operation in the case where not watching virtual reality picture, then the playback video of operating process is reviewed, according to software The mistake part of prompting operation corrects the operating procedure of oneself.In addition, software can also set training and examination patterns, to meet Different demand in training and assessment.

In use, just by model as injured sufferer, the diagnostic operation such as it can be regarded, be touched, particularly touching the position of bone Put, presence situations such as surface characteristics etc. understands bone fracture, so as to carry out preliminary diagnosis of fracture, further may determine that bone Processing that the position of folding, type, the order of severity, needs are carried out etc..Complete after diagnosis, further can carry out wrapping up solid using model Fixed operation, fixation can be fixed even other instruments such as branch using deck and be fixed, it is ensured that fixed position exceedes fracture two ends joint, So that situations such as bone serious dislocation is moved no longer occurs for fracture, cause secondary damage.Have ready conditions and carry out manipulative reduction Fracture, the step of can also practising manipulative reduction on this model avoids damage to nerve, blood vessel, muscle and causes fracture as far as possible Bone substantially returns to anatomical position relation, and skilled grasp resets skill.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of human fracture's model, it is characterised in that the model at least include skeleton model, joint connector, skin model, Muscle model, vascular pattern, simulation bags of blood and wound model；Wherein：

Skeleton model, with skeleton all dissection resemblance and hardness；Joint connector by simulate joint machinery Structure is constituted, and skeleton model is connected according to human synovial active characteristics, it is ensured that the freedom of movement and angle of large joint Scope is consistent with normal human；Skin model is covered in the outermost surface of fracture model；Muscle model is arranged on skin model Between skeleton model；Vascular pattern is arranged in muscle model；Wound mould is built in the ad-hoc location of human fracture's model Type, wound model is fabricated to two kinds of multi-forms, i.e. closed fracture wound model or open fracture wound mould as needed Type, being set in wound model at least includes simulation fracture face in fracture fracture stimulation structure, the structure.

2. human fracture's model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that human fracture's model constitutes a variety of fracture moulds Type form, i.e., at least include complete human body's fracture model form, limbs fracture model form, upper part of the body fracture model form or Lower part of the body fracture model form, and various forms all at least has wound of being fractured at least one on a limbs model, model Model, to meet the progress of diagnosis of fracture, fixation with resetting training.

3. a kind of human fracture's model as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that, wound in the fracture model in form Model also simulates different wound forms, so as to form a fracture model series.