A kind of waste tire treatment system
Technical field
The utility model is related to tire tread pyrolysis, and in particular to a kind of waste tire treatment system.
Background technology
With the fast development and the generally raising of living standards of the people of China's economy, automobile has stepped into people's
Among daily life, substantial amounts of junked tire is thereby produced.China's tire yield is up to 2.8 hundred million within 2006, occupies the world
One, the junked tire produced then also up to 1.4 hundred million, about 3,600,000 tons.The accumulation of a large amount of junked tires not only land occupation,
It is also easy to grow mosquito bacterium, spreads disease, endangers residents ' health, and pole fire hazardous, cause environmental pollution.To waste and old
Tire is recycled, then can not only alleviate its pressure to environment, is reduced pollution, can more be realized effective recovery of resource
Utilize.
Utility model content
The utility model devises a kind of pyrolytic process of new junked tire processing, has considered damaged tire product
Value, the maximized value that make use of junked tire drastically increases economic benefit.
The utility model provides a kind of waste tire treatment system, and the system includes:
Fast pyrolysis reactor, with pyrolysis feed entrance, pyrolysis oil gas vent and semicoke outlet;
Shaped device is merged, with the outlet of semicoke entrance, pulverized limestone entrance, binding agent entrance and type ball, the semicoke enters
Mouth is connected with the semicoke outlet of the fast pyrolysis reactor;
Two stage cyclone separator, with pyrolysis oil gas entrance and net oil gas vent, the pyrolysis oil gas entrance with it is described fast
The pyrolysis oil gas vent of fast pyrolysis reactor is connected;
Spray column, with absolute oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil export and pyrolysis gas outlet, the absolute oil gas entrance and the two-stage
The net oil gas vent of cyclone separator is connected;
The fast pyrolysis reactor includes reactor body, radiant tube and multiple metal baffle components;The radiant tube
Cross sectional shape be circle, profile multilayer of the radiant tube along the reactor be arranged in the reactor body;Institute
Stating metal baffle component includes horizontal baffle and swash plate, and the horizontal baffle is below the swash plate;The one of the horizontal baffle
Madial wall of the one end respectively with the reactor body of end and the swash plate is connected, the other end of the horizontal baffle and described
The other end of swash plate is connected and forms 20 ° -45 ° of angle.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the system also includes calcium carbide smelting device, and the calcium carbide is smelted
Device has type ball entrance and calcium carbide outlet, and the type ball entrance is connected with the type ball outlet for merging shaped device.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the system also includes:
Cutting machine, with cutting material entrance and the outlet of cutting material,
Spinning machine, with the material entrance that reels off raw silk from cocoons, reel off raw silk from cocoons material outlet and steel wire outlet, material entrance and the cutting machine of reeling off raw silk from cocoons
Cutting material outlet be connected;
Pulverizer, is exported with crushed material entrance, crushed material, and the crushed material entrance is connected with the material outlet of reeling off raw silk from cocoons;
Magnetic separator, with magnetic separation material entrance, the outlet of magnetic separation material and iron powder outlet, the magnetic separation material entrance and the pulverizer
Crushed material outlet be connected, magnetic separation material outlet is connected with the pyrolysis feed entrance of the fast pyrolysis reactor.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the horizontal length of the horizontal baffle is wide for the reactor body
The 1/3-1/2 of degree.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, two neighbouring metal baffle components are oppositely disposed at institute
State on the both sides side wall of reactor body.
In an embodiment of the present utility model, the tire tread can also produce flue gas in pyrolysis, with described
Flue gas drying enters the tire tread of the fast pyrolysis reactor.
The utility model is using heat accumulation type radiant tube as heating source, and without heat carrier, technological process has been obtained greatly
Simplify.
The cooling down high-temperature semicoke by the way of cooling down indirectly, has not only reclaimed the heat of high-temperature semi-coke, has also helped at any time
Carry out discharge and transport and carry out next step process etc..
The pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis is obtained purify and has been separated into pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas by the utility model, carries
The high economic worth of thermal decomposition product.
In addition, the utility model is compressing after also mixing semicoke, quick lime and binding agent, and for smelting calcium carbide, solution
Determine the processing problem of semicoke, drastically increased economic benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of structural representation for waste tire treatment system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the utility model one.
In figure:1st, feed hopper;2nd, feeding screw;3rd, heat accumulating type fast pyrolysis reactor;4th, spiral discharging device;5th, follow
Ring pump;6th, one cyclonic deduster;7th, second cyclone dust extractor;8th, spray column;9th, blower fan;10th, oil storage tank;11st, air collector;
12nd, shaped device is merged;13rd, closed type calcium carbide furnace;14th, cutting machine;15th, spinning machine;16th, pulverizer;17th, magnetic separator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just it better understood when the advantage of scheme of the present utility model and its various aspects.However, specific implementations described below side
Formula and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to limitation of the present utility model.
It should be noted that " horizontal baffle " in the utility model refer to must be horizontal positioned metal baffle, " swash plate "
It must be tilted-putted metal baffle to refer to, and it must be heat accumulating type without heat carrier radiant tube that " radiant tube ", which refers to,.In addition, term " on ",
" under ", the orientation of the instruction such as "left", "right" or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, merely to just
In description the utility model, rather than require that the utility model must be with specific azimuth configuration and operation, it is thus impossible to understand
For to limitation of the present utility model.
As shown in figure 1, the tire tread pyrolysis system that the utility model is provided includes:Feed hopper 1, feeding screw 2,
Heat accumulating type fast pyrolysis reactor 3 (also abbreviation reactor in the application), spiral discharging device 4, circulating pump 5, one cyclonic dedusting
Device 6, second cyclone dust extractor 7, spray column 8, blower fan 9, oil storage tank 10, air collector 11, fusion shaped device 12, closed calcium carbide
Stove 13, cutting machine 14, spinning machine 15, pulverizer 16, magnetic separator 17.
Feed hopper 1 has charging aperture and discharging opening.
With reference to Fig. 1, the heat accumulating type fast pyrolysis reactor 3 that the utility model is used includes reactor body, radiant tube, gold
Belong to baffle plate assembly.Radiant tube is arranged in reactor body along the profile multilayer of reactor, and metal baffle component is arranged on instead
On the madial wall for answering device body, reactor body provided with pyrolysis feed entrance, semicoke outlet, fuel gas inlet, air intake,
Exhanst gas outlet and pyrolysis oil gas vent, wherein, pyrolysis feed entrance is connected with the discharging opening of feed hopper 1.
The thermal storage type moving bed pyrolysis reactor that the utility model is provided employs heat accumulating type and heated without heat carrier radiant tube
Technology, without gas, solid heat carrier, improves the calorific value of pyrolysis gas, the structure of reactor is simple, floor space is small, it is easy to industry
Change.Material enters in thermal storage type moving bed reactor in feed hopper 1 through feeding screw, and tire tread is in dropping process
In, fully contacted with radiant tube, tire tread realizes the comprehensive heat exchange of heat conduction, convection current and radiation, tire tread in pyrolytic process
Rate of heat transfer be more than 500 DEG C/S.
Metal baffle component is made up of horizontal baffle and swash plate, and horizontal baffle is below swash plate, and the one of horizontal baffle
End and one end of swash plate are connected with the madial wall of reactor body respectively, and the other end of horizontal baffle is connected with the other end of swash plate
And form angle.
Tire tread starts to fall, encounters after swash plate, upspring, then fallen again after charging aperture entrance;Tire tread
Often encounter a swash plate, that is, be bound to certain altitude, its falling speed is reduced, therefore, add tire tread anti-in pyrolysis
Answer the residence time in device.In addition, swash plate also acts as the drainage to tire tread, tire tread is added in reactor sheet
The distance moved in vivo, this can also increase residence time of the tire tread in pyrolysis reactor.Horizontal baffle is used to support tiltedly
Plate.The heat conductivity of metal is good, and the effect of tire tread pyrolysis can be improved using metal baffle component.
Therefore, after addition metal baffle component, the height of reactor can be reduced.If not changing the height of reactor body,
Add after metal baffle component, the vertical interval of radiant tube can be increased, so as to reduce the quantity of radiant tube in reactor.
With reference to Fig. 1, according to embodiment of the present utility model, spiral charging is also associated between reactor 3 and loading hopper 1
Device 2, the semicoke outlet of reactor 3 is connected with spiral discharging device 4.Feed hopper 1 and feeding screw 2 are used to send tire tread
Enter in reactor 3, the solid product that spiral discharging device 4 is used to produce after tire tread is pyrolyzed is transported to next workshop section.Spiral
Feeder 2 and spiral discharging device 4 are not necessary device, and visual field condition and specific technique decide whether to addition.
Spiral discharging device 4 is also associated with circulating pump 5, with cooling medium in circulating pump 5 and the high temperature discharged from reactor 3
Semicoke exchanges heat, cooling down high-temperature semicoke, and reclaims heat.Circulating pump 5, can be according to circumstances nor the necessary device of the utility model
Increase and decrease.
As shown in figure 1, spiral discharging device 4 is connected with merging shaped device 12, semicoke, quick lime and binding agent are being fused into
Shaping ball is pressed after being well mixed in type device 12, then is sent in closed type calcium carbide furnace 13 and is smelted, calcium carbide is prepared.It is closed
Formula furnace of calcium carbide 13 is not the necessary device of system, and type ball directly can externally be sold.
When the specific angular range of horizontal baffle and swash plate formation angle is 15 ° -60 °, tire tread is in pyrolysis reactor
It is interior to be fully pyrolyzed, it will not also be deposited on swash plate 432.Further, it is optimal side that the angular range of angle, which is 20 ° -45 °,
Case.The horizontal length of horizontal baffle is the 1/3-1/2 of the width (width of its inwall) of reactor body.
Metal baffle component can be arranged as required to above or below certain layer of radiant tube.Further, metal baffle
The optimal position of component is between two layers radiant tube, and horizontal baffle with positioned at its lower section and away from its nearest radiant tube
The distance of the heart is 1-1.5 times of the radiation pipe diameter.Now, the carbon-containing fuel on swash plate can be preferably pyrolyzed.
In order to increase the time of junked tire pyrolysis to greatest extent, with reference to Fig. 1, two neighbouring metal baffle groups
Part is preferably oppositely disposed at the both sides of reactor body.
Radiant tube is the round tube that nominal diameter is 200-300mm, and the level interval of two adjacent radiant tubes of left and right is
200-400mm, the vertical spacing of two neighbouring radiant tubes is 500-1200mm.
The height of reactor body is that 5-20m, width (width of its inwall) are that 2-6m, length (length of its inwall) are
The number of plies of radiant tube is 10-25 layers in 5-15m, reactor body.Fuel gas inlet and air intake are connected with radiant tube respectively.
As shown in figure 1, pyrolysis oil gas comes out from top right side portion, and removed using two stage cyclone isolating construction in pyrolysis oil gas
Solid semicoke, reduce tar dustiness, so as to subsequently can to pyrolysis oil gas be processed further.Dust arrester shown in Fig. 1
Including two one cyclonic dedusters 6 and two second cyclone dust extractors 7, dust removal efficiency in cyclone cleaner is high, two-stage dedusting energy
It is effective to remove the semicoke being pyrolyzed in oil gas.Certainly, other dust arresters also be can select.
As shown in figure 1, one cyclonic deduster 6 and second cyclone dust extractor 7 have air inlet, purification oil gas vent and row
Grey mouth, wherein, the air inlet of one cyclonic deduster 6 is connected with the pyrolysis oil gas vent of heat accumulating type fast pyrolysis reactor 3.
Spray column 8 has purification oil gas entrance, pyrolysis oil export and pyrolysis gas outlet;Purify oil gas entrance and one cyclonic
The purification oil gas vent of deduster 6 is connected.As shown in figure 1, spray column 8 is connected with blower fan 9.It is therein after high-temperature oil gas cooling
Pyrolysis oil is changed into liquid, from pyrolysis oil export discharge, is stored into oil storage tank 10;Pyrolysis gas, which enters in air collector 11, to be stored.
As shown in figure 1, cutting machine 14, spinning machine 15, pulverizer 16 and magnetic separator 17 are additionally provided with before feed hopper 1, these
Device is not the necessary device of system, can be increased and decreased as needed.
The circle mouth of damaged tire is cut down, then removed steel wire therein with spinning machine 15, the size-reduced powder of machine 16 of tyre surface
It is broken into 1-10mm strips or bulk.The tire tread after processing, feeding charging is expected after the iron powder that magnetic separator 17 removes the inside
In bucket 1, sent into through conveying worm 2 in reactor 3.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube is evenly arranged in reactor 3, radiant tube Cross section Design is circular, advantageously reduces material
Accumulation, realizes that material is uniform in the reactor and falls.Material residence time in pyrolysis reactor is arranged by reactor
Plate washer is adjusted, and the residence time is adjusted according to the shape size and angle of arrangement plate washer.Radiant tube takes heat accumulating type, utilizes spoke
The temperature difference penetrated on pipe frequently quick tangential mode, single radiant tube is not more than 30 DEG C, makes it to provide uniform to pyrolysis
Stable temperature field.
The pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis is produced carries particle diameter and is less than 0.1mm powder semicoke from the pyrolysis oil gas vent of reactor 3
Into two stage cyclone separator 6 and 7, the purer pyrolysis oil gas obtained after separation enters fast through cooling medium after spray column 8
Fast spraying cooling, cooling medium gets off to be formed pyrolysis by the feeding spray column circulating cooling spray of pump 9, the cooled seizure of oil vapour
Oil, is collected through receiving oil tank 10;The pyrolysis gas come out from spray column 8 is delivered in air collector 11 and stored.
Semicoke after pyrolysis is discharged by spiral discharging device 4, has recirculated cooling water to carry out partition in the pipe of spiral discharging device 4
Heat exchange cooling, high-temperature semi-coke goes into cold conditions semicoke after being cooled down by circulating cooling medium.
Cold conditions semicoke forms mixture as one of raw material together with powdery quick lime, binding agent, by obtained mixture
Forming processes are carried out, so as to obtain type ball;Obtained type ball is added in closed type calcium carbide furnace 13, in 1300-1700
Smelted at a high temperature of DEG C, prepare calcium carbide.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the utility model is illustrated.Institute's taking technique condition value in following embodiments
It is exemplary, its desirable number range is as shown in foregoing utility model content.Detection method used by following embodiments
It is the conventional detection method of the industry.
Embodiment
Junked tire is handled using the system shown in Fig. 1.In reactor 3, the angle of horizontal baffle and swash plate is
25 °, the horizontal length 2m of horizontal baffle, horizontal baffle and the distance positioned at its lower section and center away from its nearest radiant tube
For 450mm, radiant tube is the round tube that nominal diameter is 300mm, and the level interval of two adjacent radiant tubes of left and right is 400mm,
The vertical spacing of two neighbouring radiant tubes is 1200mm.The height of reactor body be 20m, the width of inwall be 6m, it is interior
The length of wall is 15m, there is 15 layers of radiant tube.
Pyrolytic process is specific as follows:
The circle mouth of damaged tire is cut down, then removed steel wire therein with spinning machine 15, the size-reduced powder of machine 16 of tyre surface
It is broken, then with the iron powder inside the removal of magnetic separator 17, choose in 1-10mm strips or block tire tread, feeding feed hopper 1, warp
In the feeding reactor 3 of feeding screw 2.
The independent temperature control of every radiant tube, reactor is from top to bottom provided with three areas:Drying and dehydrating area, pyrolysis reaction region and half
Jiao's generation area.Each lead into fuel gas and air into radiant tube, by the temperature control in drying and dehydrating area 700 DEG C, pyrolysis it is anti-
Answer the temperature in area in 650 DEG C of control, the temperature control of semicoke maturation zone is at 550 DEG C.Tire tread passes sequentially through dry from top to bottom
Dry drying zone, pyrolysis reaction region and semicoke generation area, complete pyrolytic process.
The pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis is produced passes through two stage cyclone dedusting, and the purer pyrolysis oil gas obtained after separation enters spray
Drench through the quick spraying cooling of cooling medium after tower 8, cooling medium is by the feeding spray column circulating cooling spray of pump 9, oil vapour quilt
Cooling seizure gets off to form pyrolysis oil, is collected through receiving oil tank 10;The pyrolysis gas come out from spray column 8 is delivered in air collector 11 and stored up
Deposit.
Semicoke after pyrolysis is discharged by spiral discharging device 4, has recirculated cooling water to carry out partition in the pipe of spiral discharging device 4
Heat exchange cooling, high-temperature semi-coke goes into cold conditions semicoke after being cooled down by circulating cooling medium.Cold conditions semicoke is used as one of raw material and powdery
Quick lime, pitch form mixture together, obtained mixture are carried out into forming processes, so as to obtain type ball;It will obtain
Type ball be added in closed type calcium carbide furnace 13, at a high temperature of 1300 DEG C smelt, prepare calcium carbide.
Pyrolysis can also produce flue gas, and flue gas is discharged outside reactor body from exhanst gas outlet, flue gas and meeting after air heat-exchange
It is cooled to 200 DEG C or so.Flue gas after cooling is used to dry the tire tread for entering reactor 3, so can further be improved
Reactor efficiency and efficiency of combustion.
The specific technological parameter of the present embodiment is see table 1.Table 2 is the material balance table of the present embodiment.
The material balance table of table 2
As known from Table 2, the system that the utility model is provided can effective pyrolisis of tires tyre surface.
In summary, the utility model is using heat accumulation type radiant tube as heating source, and without heat carrier, technological process is obtained
Great simplification.
The cooling down high-temperature semicoke by the way of cooling down indirectly, has not only reclaimed the heat of high-temperature semi-coke, has also helped at any time
Carry out discharge and transport and carry out next step process etc..
The pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis is obtained purify and has been separated into pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas by the utility model, carries
The high economic worth of thermal decomposition product.
In addition, the utility model is compressing after also mixing semicoke, quick lime and binding agent, and for smelting calcium carbide, solution
Determine the processing problem of semicoke, drastically increased economic benefit.
Further, the thermal storage type moving bed pyrolysis reactor that the utility model is provided employs heat accumulating type without heat carrier spoke
Pipe heating technique is penetrated, without gas, solid heat carrier, the calorific value of pyrolysis gas is improved, the structure of reactor is simple, floor space is small,
It is easy to industrialization.
The metal baffle component being made up of horizontal baffle and swash plate is with the addition of on reactor body, the metal baffle component increases
Tire tread residence time in pyrolysis reactor is added.Therefore, after addition metal baffle component, the height of reactor can drop
It is low.If not changing the height of reactor body, after addition metal baffle component, the vertical interval of radiant tube can be increased, so that
The quantity of radiant tube in reactor can be reduced.
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only to illustrate the utility model rather than limit
Scope of the present utility model is made, it will be understood by those within the art that, do not departing from spirit of the present utility model and model
The modification carried out on the premise of enclosing to the utility model or equivalent, all should cover within the scope of the utility model.
In addition, unless stated otherwise, then all or part of of any embodiment can combine the whole or one of any other embodiment
Part is used.