CN206311522U - A kind of soil sensor - Google Patents
A kind of soil sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN206311522U CN206311522U CN201621441647.9U CN201621441647U CN206311522U CN 206311522 U CN206311522 U CN 206311522U CN 201621441647 U CN201621441647 U CN 201621441647U CN 206311522 U CN206311522 U CN 206311522U
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Abstract
The utility model is related to a kind of soil sensor, high-frequency signal is sent by sensor probe, then the first rectified signal of the first detection unit is gathered, second rectified signal of the second detection unit and the 3rd rectified signal of the 3rd detection unit, calculate the equivalent capacity of probe, equivalent resistance, the relative dielectric constant of compounding substances is obtained using equivalent capacity, and then calculate the moisture in soil, detection circuit is simple, easily realize, and sensor low cost, only soil moisture is can be achieved with by sending a high-frequency signal to sensor probe, the measurement of electrical conductivity, the speed of measurement is fast, high precision.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to soil moisture, conductivity measurement technique field, and in particular to a kind of soil sensor.
Background technology
The soil water is the lifeblood for ensureing crop growth, and in industries such as meteorology, water conservancy, agriculturals, the measurement of soil moisture has
Significance.Soil conductivity is another important soil physical parameters, and it is soil salt, moisture, the content of organic matter,
The concentrated expression of soil texture and structure etc., for farmland operation, the research such as environmental pollution has considerable effect with application.
At present, measuring method is broadly divided into following two while for soil moisture with electrical conductivity：
(1) TDR (Time domain renectometer) decomposition method, i.e. time domain reflectometry, general principle is by hair
The step signal penetrated, come what is measured, the moisture of soil is measured by transmission time along the transmitting procedure of insertion soil probe,
The electrical conductivity of soil is estimated by the amplitude fading of electromagnetic wave.Under conditions of high conductivity, TDR decomposition methods are because signal declines
Subtract excessive, it is impossible to measure soil moisture.
(2) FDR (Frequeney domain reflectometer) decomposition method, i.e. frequency domain bounce technique, general principle is
Under fixed frequency using the probe port admittance of synchronous detection commercial measurement amplitude and phase angle so that obtain simultaneously soil moisture,
Electrical conductivity.When being measured using the method, soil moisture, salinity influence each other larger, separate moisture, salinity difficult, it is impossible to
Accurately measure the moisture and electrical conductivity in soil.The Chinese patent of publication No. CN1719245A provides a kind of measurement soil water
Sensor point with electrical conductivity, signal is sent with least two frequency of signal generators in real time, by respective sampling element and
Bandpass filter, mixes at probe, and mixed signal is returned by respective bandpass filter again, and the sensor circuit is complicated,
Needing at least two kinds of signals of frequency of transmitting can just detect the moisture and electrical conductivity of soil.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of soil sensor, for solving at least to launch two kinds of signals of frequency
The moisture of soil and the problem of electrical conductivity can be detected.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a kind of soil sensor, including following scheme：
Scheme one, including measuring probe, the measuring probe includes emitting probe and receives probe, and the soil sensor is also
Including a high-frequency signal generating unit, and connected control unit, the high-frequency signal generating unit is sequentially connected in series
The emitting probe is connected after one accurate sampling element, the second accurate sampling element, the reception probe is used to receive to launch to be visited
The signal of pin transmitting, and with high-frequency signal generating unit, the first accurate sampling element, the second accurate sampling element and emitting probe
Form loop；Described control unit connects the high-frequency signal generating unit and the first accurate sampling unit by the first detection unit
Series connection point between part, is connected between the described first accurate sampling element and the second accurate sampling element by the second detection unit
Series connection point, the series connection point between the described second accurate sampling element and emitting probe is connected by the 3rd detection unit.
Scheme two, on the basis of scheme one, the high-frequency signal generating unit includes the power supply, the signal hair that are sequentially connected
Raw device and filter unit, the power supply are used to connect control unit, and the accurate sampling element of the filter unit connection first is used for
High-frequency signal to signal generator is filtered.
Scheme three, four, respectively on the basis of scheme one, two, the frequency of the signal generator is 50MHz.
Scheme five, six, respectively on the basis of scheme one, two, the soil sensor also includes temperature probe, is installed in
In the reception probe.
Scheme seven, eight, respectively on the basis of scheme five, six, the measuring probe is located on the chassis of soil sensor.
Scheme nine, ten, it is described to receive that probe is circumferentially equidistant is arranged on the chassis respectively on the basis of scheme seven, eight
On, the emitting probe is arranged at the axle center of chassis by dead ring.
Scheme 11, on the basis of scheme one, the knot of the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the 3rd detection unit
Structure is identical, including detector diode, and detector diode is by electric capacity and resistance eutral grounding in parallel.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：High-frequency signal is sent by sensor probe, the first detection is then gathered
3rd rectified signal of the first rectified signal of unit, the second rectified signal of the second detection unit and the 3rd detection unit, meter
Equivalent capacity, the equivalent resistance of probe are calculated, the relative dielectric constant of compounding substances is obtained using equivalent capacity, and then calculated
Moisture in soil, Cleaning Principle is simple, easily realization, and sensor low cost, only sends one by sensor probe
High-frequency signal can be achieved with the measurement of soil moisture, electrical conductivity, and the speed of measurement is fast, high precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of soil sensor schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 2 is a kind of detecting circuit figure of the wave detector in sensor；
Fig. 3 is a kind of soil sensor structure chart of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of soil sensor detection data.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of embodiment of soil sensor of the present utility model：
Soil sensor of the present utility model includes measuring probe and control unit, and wherein measuring probe is provided with emitting probe
With reception probe, control unit is for signal reception, data processing, data communication, circuit control etc.；One high-frequency signal occurs
Unit and it is connected with control unit, the high-frequency signal generating unit includes that the power supply, signal generator S and the filtering that are sequentially connected are single
Unit, wherein signal generator S be provided with receive probe formed loop earth terminal, power supply connection control unit, filter unit according to
The secondary accurate sampling element R of series connection first1, the second accurate sampling element R2After connect emitting probe, as shown in figure 1, emitting probe
Signal is received by blending agent in soil equivalent resistance and electric capacity by reception probe, finally with signal generator S, filtering
Unit, the first accurate sampling element, the second accurate sampling element and emitting probe form loop.
Above-mentioned current loop is provided with three sampled points：First sampled point, the second sampled point and the 3rd sampled point.First sampling
Point is filter unit and R1Between series connection point, the second sampled point be R1And R2Between series connection point, the 3rd sampled point be R2And hair
The series connection point penetrated between probe.Wherein, after the first detection unit is sampled to the first sampled point, sampled voltage, output are recorded
It is AD converted to control unit, the second detection unit records sampled voltage after being sampled to the second sampled point, outputs it
It is AD converted to control unit, equally, the 3rd detection unit is sampled to the 3rd sampled point, the sampled voltage that will be recorded is defeated
Go out to control unit, be AD converted.
Above-mentioned first detection unit, the second detection unit, the circuit structure of the 3rd detection unit are as shown in Fig. 2 including inspection
Ripple diode, by electric capacity and resistance eutral grounding in parallel, the anode of detector diode is used as detection unit voltage for detector diode
The input of sampling, the negative electrode of detector diode is used to connect the AD conversion module of control unit, is AD converted.
A kind of structure of soil sensor is as shown in figure 3, measuring probe includes four probes, the wherein conduct of emitting probe 1
The emitter stage of frequency electromagnetic waves, first receives probe 2, second receives the reception probe 4 of probe 3 and the 3rd as receiving pole, four
Probe is arranged on chassis 5, and emitting probe is located at the axle center of chassis by dead ring 6, and it is in 120 to receive probe around emitting probe
Angle is circumferentially equidistant is arranged on chassis for degree, as testing medium space between four probes.Sensor internal is provided with process plate, place
Welding lead 9 on reason plate.Lead 9 is drawn through shell 7 and PG first 8, and shell 7 and the spiral shell of chassis 5 are filled, from the injection of the wire hole of shell 7
Epoxy resin encapsulated.Line outlet is sealed using PG first 8 and block lead, finally heated 24 hours in insulating box, make asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin
Fat solidifies.The emitting probe transmitting frequency electromagnetic waves of the present embodiment, three probes being distributed around it receive electromagnetic wave, in probe
Between form electric field, the dielectric change between probe is directly fed back in measuring circuit.
Soil sensor detection soil moisture of the present utility model, the method for salinity are as follows：
By sensor measuring probe (including emitting probe, first receive probe, second receive probe and the 3rd receive visit
Pin) in fully-inserted medium to be measured, to electricity on sensor, and measuring command, control are sent to control unit by communication interface
After unit processed receives order, control signal generator S sends high-frequency signal to sensor emission probe, and the high-frequency signal is
The electromagnetic wave of 50MHz, can produce the electromagnetic field of stabilization between probe, and the change of dielectric property in dielectric space is changed into electricity
Signal, and received by the first reception probe, the second reception probe and the 3rd reception probe, then gather the first detection list
The 3rd of first rectified signal of unit's output, the second rectified signal of the second detection unit output, and the output of the 3rd detection unit
Rectified signal.
According to equivalent capacity, the equivalent electric of the first rectified signal, the second rectified signal, the 3rd rectified signal and measuring probe
The relation of resistance, determines the size of equivalent capacity, as shown in figure 1, the first rectified signal voltage of the first detection unit measurement is V1,
Second rectified signal voltage of the second detection unit measurement is V2, the 3rd rectified signal voltage of the 3rd detection unit measurement is V3,
Following node Kirchhoff's law equation group is taken according to these magnitudes of voltage row：
In formula, CxIt is the equivalent capacity of measuring probe to be asked, RxIt is equivalent resistance to be asked, dV3The rectified signals of/dt the 3rd electricity
Pressure differential, R1It is the first accurate sampling element resistance, R2It is the second accurate sampling element resistance.
According to above-mentioned equation group, the measuring probe equivalent capacity C for solvingx, and equivalent resistance Rx, soil can be respectively obtained
Moisture and electrical conductivity.Detailed process is：According to equivalent capacity CxWith measure air electric capacity CoRatio, obtain mixture in soil
The relative dielectric constant ε of matterr：
Then the relative dielectric constant ε according to compounding substancesrLinear returning is done by test data with the relation of soil moisture
Return and obtain soil moisture：
θ=a × εr 3+b×εr 2+c×εr+d
In formula, θ is soil moisture, and a, b, c, d are the calibration coefficient obtained by linear regression algorithm.
Because the relative dielectric constant of soil media is in 3-5, the relative dielectric constant of water is 80 or so, so ignoring soil
In the case of earth relative dielectric constant, it is believed that soil moisture and its relative dielectric constant are directly related, and relative dielectric constant
With the direct linear correlation of capacitance size, so obtaining above-mentioned soil moisture by obtaining equivalent capacity.
After above-mentioned equivalent resistance is obtained, the relation according to equivalent resistance and resistivity obtains resistivity, then according to soil
Electrical conductivity and resistivity obtain electrical conductivity in relation reciprocal：
In formula, ρ is resistivity, and L is equivalent resistance length, and S is that (L/S is overall as electrode constant, can for equivalent resistance area
Measured by rating test), σ is electrical conductivity.
Using 50MHz frequencies, the frequency can enable sensor moisture, electrical conductivity synchronous accurate to high-frequency signal in the present embodiment
Really measurement, and moisture, electrical conductivity influence each other it is smaller.Measuring circuit is realized by open-and-shut series impedance, by same
Simple detection unit completes data sampling, then changes into data signal by the AD of control unit, finally calculates corresponding water
Divide and conductivity value.
Measuring probe in the present embodiment is visited using stainless pin (four probes), stainless steel bottom plate, dead ring, temperature
Pin.Circular base plate central punch, installs emitting probe, in order to obtain the temperature parameter in soil, so as to soil by dead ring
Earth moisture carries out temperature correction, and the control unit in the present embodiment is also associated with temperature probe, realizes the detection of soil moisture value,
Equally by AD gathered datas, control unit calculates relevant temperature value.Temperature survey has three below purpose：
(1) current soil temperature is detected；
(2) by temperature value corrected conductivity rate value to 25 degrees Celsius of electrical conductivity, (electrical conductivity is different under different temperatures
)；
(3) temperature correction is carried out to soil moisture.
In structure, temperature probe package position design is receiving the center of probe, can either so reduce temperature survey
Time delay, is capable of the true temperature of accurate reflected measurement soil part again.
The control unit of the present embodiment, using 32 embeded processors, realize data acquisition, data calculating treatment,
The functions such as quality control, data exchange, parameter setting, remote control upgrading.
There is circuit, diode detection electricity using single-frequency signals in soil sensor of the present utility model, low cost
Road, compared to measurement complicated in the methods such as TDR, FDR or signal generating circuit, simple and stable；Sent out using single-frequency signals
Raw circuit, diode detection circuit (as shown in Fig. 2 for electromagnetic wave feedback of detection sensor), compared to methods such as TDR, FDR
Middle complicated measurement or signal generating circuit, circuit theory of the present utility model more simple and stable, and all circuit packages exist
In the sensor of compact structure, waterproof anti-corrosion, can long-term stable operation in the middle of underground environment；Visited for temperature by setting up
The temperature probe of survey, makes temperature, electrical conductivity that compound demarcation is carried out to soil moisture, increases sensor and uses scope, in the temperature difference
Greatly, the big region of salinity remains to normally use.
In order to increase the availability of the transmission data of sensor, sensor is provided with working condition detection function, can be to passing
The sensor state scene of carrying out or remote detection.
The principle of soil sensor detection soil of the present utility model simply, is easily realized, only by sensor probe
Send high-frequency signal all the way and can be achieved with the measurement of soil moisture, compared with traditional FDR decomposition methods, the speed of measurement is fast,
High precision.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of soil sensor, including measuring probe, the measuring probe includes emitting probe and receives probe, and its feature exists
In the soil sensor also includes a high-frequency signal generating unit, and connected control unit, the high-frequency signal
Generating unit connects the emitting probe, the reception after being sequentially connected in series the first accurate sampling element, the second accurate sampling element
Probe is used to receive the signal of emitting probe transmitting, and with high-frequency signal generating unit, the first accurate sampling element, second accurate
Sampling element and emitting probe form loop；Described control unit connects the high-frequency signal and list occurs by the first detection unit
Series connection point between unit and the first accurate sampling element, the described first accurate sampling element and the are connected by the second detection unit
Series connection point between two accurate sampling elements, the described second accurate sampling element and emitting probe are connected by the 3rd detection unit
Between series connection point.
2. soil sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the high-frequency signal generating unit includes connecting successively
Power supply, signal generator and the filter unit for connecing, the power supply connect control unit, and control unit is cut-off or connects the electricity
Source, the accurate sampling element of the filter unit connection first, is filtered for the high-frequency signal to signal generator.
3. soil sensor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the frequency of the signal generator is
50MHz。
4. soil sensor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the soil sensor is also visited including temperature
Pin, is installed in the reception probe.
5. soil sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the measuring probe is located at the bottom of soil sensor
On disk.
6. soil sensor according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the reception probe is circumferentially equidistant be arranged on it is described
On chassis, the emitting probe is arranged at the axle center of chassis by dead ring.
7. soil sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first detection unit, the second detection unit and
The structure of three detection units is identical, including detector diode, and detector diode is by electric capacity and resistance eutral grounding in parallel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621441647.9U CN206311522U (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | A kind of soil sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621441647.9U CN206311522U (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | A kind of soil sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206311522U true CN206311522U (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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ID=59246920
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201621441647.9U Active CN206311522U (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | A kind of soil sensor |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107389899A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of sensor and the perception ring for sensor |
| CN109324095A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-02-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of soil moisture measurement sensor and soil moisture measurement system |
| CN110849915A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-28 | 上海硕物天成信息科技有限公司 | Soil moisture sensing device |
| CN113759093A (en) * | 2021-01-30 | 2021-12-07 | 南通中天精密仪器有限公司 | Soil moisture detection sensor |
| CN113820366A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-21 | 河南中原光电测控技术有限公司 | Threaded soil moisture measuring device |
-
2016
- 2016-12-27 CN CN201621441647.9U patent/CN206311522U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107389899A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-24 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of sensor and the perception ring for sensor |
| CN109324095A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-02-12 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of soil moisture measurement sensor and soil moisture measurement system |
| CN110849915A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-28 | 上海硕物天成信息科技有限公司 | Soil moisture sensing device |
| CN110849915B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-10-10 | 上海硕物天成信息科技有限公司 | Soil moisture sensing device |
| CN113759093A (en) * | 2021-01-30 | 2021-12-07 | 南通中天精密仪器有限公司 | Soil moisture detection sensor |
| CN113820366A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-21 | 河南中原光电测控技术有限公司 | Threaded soil moisture measuring device |
| CN113820366B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2024-04-26 | 河南中原光电测控技术有限公司 | Screw thread type soil moisture measuring device |
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