CN100419420C - Method and sensor for synchronous real time measuring water content and conductivity of soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and a sensor for synchronously measuring the water content and the electric conductivity of soil based on the dielectric theory and the frequency domain method. The present invention adopts the multi-frequency admittance resolution method to directly measure probe admittance based on the mathematical model of the probe admittance computational method, factorizes the real part and the virtual part of the probe admittance, obtains medium electric conductivity through the relationship between the real part of the probe admittance and medium consumption, and obtains the water content through the relationship of the virtual part of the probe admittance and the dielectric constant. The temperature measurement provides the basic temperature information of media and simultaneously corrects temperature influence to the electric conductivity. The present invention which has the advantages of high measurement precision, big measurement ranges to the electric conductivity, compact structure of the sensor, etc. can factorize the influence between parameters, can continuously output measurement results, and can be widely used for farmland operation, or researches, etc.

Description

The method and the sensor of a kind of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture and conductivity

Technical field

The present invention relates to the method and the sensor of a kind of measured soil moisture and conductivity, relate in particular to a kind of method and sensor of measured soil moisture and conductivity based on the dielectric theory, based on frequency domain method the time.

Background technology

The holard is the lifeblood that guarantees crop growth, the series reaction that is taken place in the soil, and energy is all relevant with moisture with mass exchange, and its direct relation crop yield and quality.Soil conductivity is another important soil physics parameter, and it is a soil salt, moisture, and the content of organic matter, the concentrated expression of soil texture structure etc., for farmland operation, research such as environmental pollution and application have considerable effect.Current relevant sensing background technology is from three aspect introductions:

One, measures fast based on the soil moisture of dielectric theory

The main means of current real-time measured soil water percentage are based on the dielectric physical method.TDR (TimeDomain Reflectrometer) for example, FD (Frequency Decomposition).From see in essence these measuring methods all be according to known soil relative dielectric constant (Permitivitity) between 3～5, the air relative dielectric constant is 1, the relative dielectric constant of water is 80, determines soil moisture content indirectly by the specific inductive capacity of measured soil-water-air mixed material.Mainly contain two kinds of methods of TDR and FD.

After Canadian scholar Dr.Topp used TDR method measured soil moisture and proposes famous Topp formula, TDR measured soil moisture progressively became the main mode of soil moisture measurement.The TDR method is to measure electromagnetic wave is estimated soil along the transmission time that insertion contains water and soil soil probe water percentage.Incident electromagnetic wave has two kinds of forms, and a kind of is step signal, serves as main representative with the 1502 type cable testers of Tecktronic company and the Trase soil moisture tester of SoilMoisture company; Another is the pulse of pin type, and is structurally simple relatively, is representative with the TRIME soil moisture tester of German IMKO company, and principal feature is:

1. measuring accuracy height, particularly step signal mode;

2. measurement range: 0-100%;

3. realize that difficulty is big, the price height;

4. one-shot measurement needs long time, at least 20 seconds.

The FD method is to measure certain frequency to insert the specific inductive capacity that watered ground is determined in the admittance of watered ground probe down, and then estimation soil moisture.Traditional capacitance method, SWR method are two kinds of typical sensing circuit modes.The principal feature of FD method:

1. measuring accuracy is low relatively, influenced greatly by salinity, but cost is low, and performance also can satisfy most application demand;

2.FD the sonde configuration of method is flexible, is convenient to determine the probe geometry according to actual needs, as pin type, ring type and bevel-type all have application;

3. the real-time of existing method for sensing is good, can export continuous signal.

Two, the quick measuring method of soil conductivity

The method that is exclusively used in the soil conductivity measurement mainly contains four-end method and inductive electromagnetic method.The measuring principle of four-end method, mathematical model are relative with practical application ripe, commercial product have the EC-PROBE soil salinometer of fixed-point type and vehicular Veris 3000 (Veris Technol., Salina, KS).The representative products of inductive electromagnetic method be EM38 (Geonics Limited, Mississauga, ON, Canada).The Veris3000 of vehicular and EM38 respectively have relative merits, and EM38 needs the user to carry out comprehensive calibration process before use, air themperature, and the variation of environment such as humidity all can influence the degree of stability of measurement.On the contrary, Veris 3000 systems comprise the composition that is necessary, do not need the user to demarcate before the use, operate also very simple, yet the EM38 system is very light, only needs few power and might gather wet or soft soil information.

Three, soil moisture content and conductivity while Measurement Study present situation

Soil moisture content and conductivity measuring method simultaneously mainly contain three kinds at present, are respectively: the TDR decomposition method; FD decides the frequency resolution method; After Topp (1980) had delivered with TDR survey soil moisture and famous Topp formula, Dalton (1984) had at first carried out the soil moisture salinity experiments of measuring research simultaneously based on the TDR method.Basic skills is to measure along the transmission course of inserting the soil probe by the step signal of emission.By the moisture of transmission time measured soil, estimate the conductivity of soil in addition on the one hand by electromagnetic amplitude fading on the one hand.Holland Hilhorst utilizes the amplitude of synchronous detection commercial measurement probe port admittance and phase angle and then obtains soil moisture, conductivity simultaneously under fixed frequency.All there is following deficiency in these two kinds of methods:

1. under the condition of high conductivity, the TDR method is because signal attenuation is excessive, can't measured soil moisture; And FD decides the frequency resolution rule because phase angle is too little, can't accurately obtain moisture and conductivity.

2. can not continuous output signal, the TDR one-shot measurement needs about 1 minute, and FD decides the frequency resolution method and needs 30 seconds at least.

3. sonde configuration mainly is a pin type, does not also have the application of other structure.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to be subjected to the influence of conductivity and the deficiency that conductivity measurement is subjected to moisture effects, propose the method for the multi-frequency admittance decomposition of a kind of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture, conductivity at existing FD method measured soil moisture; Also propose a kind ofly have soil moisture, the conductivity measurement scope is big, probe adaptability is strong, survey sensor that can continuous output signal, the integrated temperature detecting function of this sensor simultaneously, on the one hand provide soil basic temperature information, be used for the influence of base measuring temperature simultaneously conductivity.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows:

The method of a kind of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture and conductivity, this method is by the probe admittance amplitude under two frequencies of synchro measure, and then the real part and the imaginary part of the admittance of decomposition probe, utilize the relation of probe admittance real part and dielectric loss to draw soil conductivity, the relation of probe admittance imaginary part and specific inductive capacity draws soil moisture content, realize soil moisture, with the real-time measurement of conductivity, eliminate influencing each other between the two, improve the measuring accuracy of each parameter.This method may further comprise the steps:

1. send signal in real time with at least two kinds of frequency of signal generators, through sampling element and bandpass filter separately, mix at the probe place, the mixed signal after the admittance characteristic of being popped one's head in influences is returned through bandpass filter separately again;

2. from the two ends detection of different frequency sampling element;

3. the signal after the detection is stored data through analog to digital conversion;

4. the signal that collects is handled, adopted multi-frequency frequency domain decomposition method to decompose the real part and the imaginary part of probe admittance;

5. by the relation of probe admittance real part and dielectric loss, draw the soil conductivity value; Relation by probe admittance imaginary part and specific inductive capacity draws soil moisture content.

The sensor of a kind of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture and conductivity comprises: multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit is attached thereto the probe and the temperature-sensing element (device) 14 that connect.

Described sonde configuration adopts the pin type probe, and shown in Fig. 1 (a) and (b), peripheral probe links to each other among the figure, is the earth polar, and middle needle is an exciting electrode, forms one-port network, its impedance Z _LExpression, the length of pin, spacing can be regulated according to using; Described sonde configuration can also be the probe of other typical structure, as bevel-type probe or ring type probe.Described probe contacts with soil or other porous medium, the dielectric property of induction soil.The difference of soil dielectric property causes the variation of probe port admittance; Described probe impedance Z _LAvailable electricity is as shown in Figure 2 led G, the equivalence of capacitor C parallel circuit; Wherein, electricity is led the dielectric loss of G reflection soil, and is directly relevant with soil conductivity; The specific inductive capacity of C reflection soil is directly relevant in soil moisture.

Described multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit as shown in Figure 3, comprising: sources take place at least two different frequency signals, the first signal generating source Sw1 and secondary signal take place source Sw2 respectively with probe Z _LBe connected, above-mentioned three's the other end is a common ground; The first accurate sampling element Zr1 and the second accurate sampling element Zr2 are in the first signal generating source Sw1 respectively and the circuit at Sw2 place, source takes place secondary signal; More particularly, the first accurate sampling element Zr1 is connected on the first signal generating source Sw1 and probe Z _LBetween, the second accurate sampling element Zr2 is connected on secondary signal source Sw2 and probe Z takes place _LBetween; The first characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw1 is connected on the first signal generating source Sw1, the first accurate sampling element Zr1 and probe Z _LIn the circuit at place; Source Sw2, the second accurate sampling element Zr2 and probe Z take place in the secondary signal that is connected on the second characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw2 _LIn the circuit at place; More particularly, the first characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw1 is connected on the first accurate sampling element Zr1 and probe Z _LBetween; The second characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw2 is connected on the second accurate sampling element Zr2 and probe Z _LBetween; Have two detecting circuits 10 to extract signal respectively at the two ends of the first accurate sampling element Zr1 and the second accurate sampling element Zr2, described detecting circuit 10 is linked in sequence with A/D converter 11, signal decomposition chip 12, digital interface output circuit 13; This multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit decomposes G and C by the following probe admittance amplitude of measuring two characteristic frequency, and then decomposites soil moisture and conductivity.

Described signal decomposition chip 12 comprises a microprocessor (CPU), and the serial line interface of this microprocessor is as data output and parameter input interface.

Described detecting circuit 10 is composed in series by detector diode, low-pass filter circuit, and the AC signal amplitude is converted into direct current signal.

Described A/D converter 11 also can be integrated with microprocessor, and the direct current signal of detection output is converted into digital signal.

Described accurate sampling element Zr1 and different resistance, electric capacity, inductance or its combinations of adopting suitable resistance of Zr2 according to frequency.

Described characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw1 and Fw2 are the passive bandpass filters that adopts electric capacity, inductance and resistance to realize, when being the signal of W1 or W2 by frequency, not decay of corresponding characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw1 or Fw2, and to other frequency particularly the another one frequency signal in the double frequency decay to 0, thereby realize W1 and W2 frequency measurement circuit physically directly is connected with signal on isolation mutually, do not need switch to switch, can continuous output signal.

Described temperature-sensing element (device) adopts occasionally platinum resistance of the PN utmost point, thermistor, thermoelectricity, the temperature information of tested soil is passed to signal decomposition chip 12 by AD converter 11, be used for eliminating the influence of temperature on the one hand, the temperature information of soil is provided simultaneously conductivity.

The course of work of this sensor is as follows:

When soil moisture or conductivity change, accurate sampling element Zr1 and Zr2 two ends signal amplitude change thereupon, four road signal amplitudes enter A/D converter 11 through detecting circuit and become digital signal corresponding, signal decomposition chip 12 utilization decomposition algorithms are handled four way word signals, draw probe equivalent circuit parameter resistance R, capacitor C, the temperature detection signal of signal decomposition chip 12 fusion temperature sensitive elements is by digital interface output circuit 13 output soil moisture, conductivity and temperature; Wherein, the program circuit of microprocessor as shown in Figure 4.

Measuring object of the present invention also can be the porous mediums such as granular product of the sandstone used in the matrix used in the hothouse production, the building or concrete, agricultural production except that soil.

Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention mainly comprises:

(1) can measure moisture, conductivity and temperature three parameter signals simultaneously, and decompose mutual influence, improve measuring accuracy separately;

(2) can export measurement result continuously;

(3) conductivity measurement scope is big;

(4) embedded microprocessor realizes that probe, circuit, signal Processing are integrated, compact conformation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is sensor pin type structure probe of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is probe impedance Z _LEquivalent-circuit model;

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a microprocessor program process flow diagram of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the corresponding equivalent circuit theory figure of w1 frequency of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the corresponding simple equivalent circuit schematic diagram of w1 frequency of the present invention;

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail:

Theoretical foundation of the present invention is the mathematical model based on probe admittance computing method, adopt the admittance of the direct measuring sonde of multi-frequency admittance decomposition method, and then the real part and the imaginary part of the admittance of decomposition probe, relation by probe admittance real part and dielectric loss draws the porous medium conductivity, and the relation of probe admittance imaginary part and specific inductive capacity draws the porous medium water percentage.Simultaneous temperature detects on the one hand provides porous medium basic temperature information, can be used to the influence of base measuring temperature to conductivity simultaneously.Decomposition algorithm of the present invention comes the aspect by the description of measuring principle.Measuring principle of the present invention is described below:

The complex permittivity ε of porous mediums such as soil can be expressed as:

ε＝ε′-jε″(1)

Here, the real part ε ' of complex permittivity has reflected overall ionic polarization.For watered ground, the ε ' of air is 1, and corresponding moisture ε ' is about 80, and solid matter is 3-5.Therefore ε ' can be used for measured soil moisture.

The imaginary part ε of complex permittivity " is overall energy consumption, comprises dielectric loss ε _d" the loss relation that causes with ionic conductance is as follows:

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\′\′}={\mathrm{\ϵ}}_d^{\′\′}+\frac{\mathrm{\σ}}{\mathrm{\ω}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0}---\left(2\right)$

In the formula, σ is the ionic conductance of watered ground, and ω is the angular frequency of external electric field, ε ₀Specific inductive capacity under the vacuum equals 8.85 * 10 ^-12F/m.

On circuit different structure probe can equivalence in parallel for capacitor C and resistance R (or electricity is led G), as shown in Figure 2. equiva lent impedance Z _LOr admittance Y is:

$Z_L=\frac{1}{Y}=\frac{1}{\mathrm{jwC}+G}---\left(3\right)$

There is the following relationship formula by Circuit theory:

Y＝jωεε ₀k (4)

Wherein, k is a geometrical factor, and it depends on the geometric configuration of survey sensor, determines by demarcating.

Formula (1) is brought into formula (4) to be obtained:

Y＝ωε″ε ₀k+jωε″ε ₀k (5)

Formula (3) relatively can get with formula (5):

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\′}=\frac{C}{{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_{0}k}---\left(6\right)$

${\mathrm{\ϵ}}^{\′\′}=\frac{G}{\mathrm{\ω}{\mathrm{\ϵ}}_0\mathrm{\κ}}---\left(7\right)$

General in the practical application with soil original position conductivity _bExpression, that is:

${\mathrm{\σ}}_b=\frac{G}{\mathrm{\κ}}---\left(8\right)$

From the analysis of above-mentioned dielectric measure theory as can be known, as long as can measure the equivalent capacity and the resistance value of dielectric probe, just can obtain the ε ' and ε of watered ground complex permittivity ", and then obtain the water percentage and the conductivity of soil.

Among the measuring principle figure as shown in Figure 3, the W1 frequency signal is analyzed, circuit can be reduced to shown in Figure 5, and wherein Z12 is the impedance of Fw2 bandpass filter correspondence under the w1 frequency; When frequency W1 and W2 differed big, Z12 compared obviously big with probe impedance, can ignore, and circuit further is reduced to as shown in Figure 6.Under the W1 frequency, the relation of probe impedance and detecting circuit:

$\left|Z_{\mathrm{Lw}1}\right|=\frac{1}{|\mathrm{jw}1*C+G|}=\frac{\left|Z_{r1}\right|*V_{w12}}{V_{w11}-V_{w12}}---\left(9\right)$

In the formula, | Z _R1| be the mould value of sampling impedance, V _W11, V _W12It is the amplitude of the measurement point signal of detecting circuit output.

Obtain after removing absolute value number:

$G^2+{w1}^2*C^2={\left(\frac{V_{w11}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="12"\; label="V\; w"\; filenames="C20051008900700141.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}_w}{\left|Z_{r1}\right|*V_{w12}}\right)}^2---\left(10\right)$

In like manner, can get the W2 frequency analysis:

$G^2+{w2}^2*C^2={\left(\frac{V_{w21}-V_{w22}}{\left|Z_{r2}\right|*V_{w22}}\right)}^2---\left(11\right)$

In the formula, | Z _R2| be the mould value of sampling impedance, V _W21, V _W22It is the amplitude of the measurement point signal of detecting circuit output.

Formula (10) and (11) are subtracted each other and are obtained:

$C=\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\frac{V_{w11}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="12"\; label="V\; w"\; filenames="C20051008900700141.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}_w}{\left|Z_{r1}\right|*V_{w12}}\right)}^2-{\left(\frac{V_{w21}-V_{w22}}{\left|Z_{r2}\right|*V_{w22}}\right)}^2}{{w1}^2-{w2}^2}}---\left(12\right)$

Wushu (12) brings back to formula (10) and obtains:

$G=\sqrt{{\left(\frac{V_{w11}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="12"\; label="V\; w"\; filenames="C20051008900700141.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}_w}{\left|Z_{r1}\right|*V_{w12}}\right)}^2*\frac{{w2}^2}{{w1}^2-{w2}^2}+{\left(\frac{V_{w21}-V_{w22}}{\left|Z_{r2}\right|*V_{w22}}\right)}^2*\frac{{w1}^2}{{w1}^2-{w2}^2}}---\left(13\right)$

Because conductivity is subjected to Temperature Influence fairly obvious, general available formula (14) is described:

${\mathrm{EC}}_s={\mathrm{\&sigma;}}_b*f\left(t\right)=\frac{G}{\mathrm{\&kappa;}}*f\left(t\right)---\left(14\right)$

ECs represents the soil conductivity under 25 ℃ in the formula, and f (t) is the temperature effect function.Therefore in order the conductivity under the varying environment temperature to be converted into the conductivity of 25 ℃ of correspondences of standard, temperature survey function that the present invention is integrated.

On the basis that above-mentioned measuring principle is analyzed, provide a kind of embodiment of hardware.

The synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture of present embodiment and the sensor of conductivity, the particularly sensor of measured soil moisture and conductivity comprise: multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit is attached thereto the probe and the temperature-sensing element (device) 14 that connect.

Sonde configuration adopts typical pin type probe, and shown in Fig. 1 (a), peripheral three probes link to each other among the figure, are the earth polar, and middle needle is an exciting electrode, forms one-port network, its impedance Z _LExpression, the length of pin, spacing can also be regulated according to using; During measurement, probe inserts soil or the contact of other porous medium, and the dielectric property of induction soil, the difference of soil dielectric property cause the variation of probe port admittance; Probe impedance Z _LLead G, the equivalence of capacitor C parallel circuit with electricity as shown in Figure 2; Wherein, electricity is led the dielectric loss of G reflection soil, and is directly relevant with soil conductivity; The specific inductive capacity of C reflection soil is directly relevant in soil moisture.

Described multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit as shown in Figure 3, comprising: the first signal generating source Sw1 of two different frequencies and secondary signal take place source Sw2 respectively with probe Z _LBe connected, above-mentioned three's the other end is a common ground; The first accurate sampling element Zr1 is connected on the first signal generating source Sw1 and probe Z _LBetween, the second accurate sampling element Zr2 is connected on secondary signal source Sw2 and probe Z takes place _LBetween; The first characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw1 is connected on the first accurate sampling element Zr1 and probe Z _LBetween; The second characteristic frequency bandpass filter Fw2 is connected on the second accurate sampling element Zr2 and probe Z _LBetween; Have two detecting circuits 10 to extract signal respectively at the two ends of the first accurate sampling element Zr1 and the second accurate sampling element Zr2, described detecting circuit 10 is linked in sequence with A/D converter 11, signal decomposition chip 12, digital interface output circuit 13; This multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit decomposes G and C by the following probe admittance amplitude of measuring two characteristic frequency, and then decomposites soil moisture and conductivity.Wherein, signal source S _W1And S _W2The frequency signal of 100MHz and 150Hz is provided respectively, as W1 and W2, so big frequency difference, the realization and the algorithm that help bandpass filter decompose, and realize the quadrature as much as possible of two pairs of output signals simultaneously, simplify decomposable process, improve measuring accuracy.High-frequency signal W1 is mainly to the change of soil water content sensitivity, and low frequency signal W2 is mainly to the variation sensitivity of conductivity.Zr1 selects the higher inductance of precision in parallel with electric capacity, and Zr2 selects precision resistance for use because frequency is low.Characteristic frequency bandpass filter F _W1And F _W2Select the π type passive bandpass filters of being made up of custom circuit for use, detecting circuit 10 adopts detector diode and RC low-pass filter to realize.A/D converter 11 is compound with signal decomposition chip 12, adopts intelligent CPU to realize 24 A/D converters of this built-in chip type.Digital interface output circuit 13 is standard or Transistor-Transistor Logic level RS232 serial ports, 485 interfaces or SDI-12 interface.Temperature-sensing element (device) 14 adopts thermal diode, and the output simulating signal also becomes digital quantity by 24 A/D converters 11, demarcate the back precision reach ± 0.3 ℃, promptly provide the temperature information of soil, simultaneously as the compensating parameter of conductivity.The program circuit of CPU as shown in Figure 4.

Conventional chip or module that above device all adopts market to sell.

It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: circuit of the present invention or method are made amendment or be equal to replacement, increase or change survey frequency as using, switch the replacement bandpass filtering with switch, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the method for synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture and conductivity may further comprise the steps:

1) signal generator with two different frequencies sends signal in real time, through sampling element and bandpass filter separately, mixes at the probe place, and the mixed signal after the admittance characteristic of being popped one's head in influences is returned through bandpass filter separately again;

2) from the sampling element two ends detection of different frequency;

3) signal after the detection is stored data through analog to digital conversion;

4) signal that collects is handled, decomposed the real part and the imaginary part of probe admittance;

5), draw the conductivity value of testing medium by the relation of probe admittance real part and dielectric loss; By the relation of probe admittance imaginary part and specific inductive capacity, draw the water percentage of testing medium.

2. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture and conductivity comprises: the metering circuit of popping one's head in and being attached thereto;

It is characterized in that, described metering circuit is a multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit, comprise that also a temperature-sensing element (device) (14) is connected with described multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit, described multi-frequency admittance measurement circuit comprises: first signal generating source (Sw1) of different frequency and secondary signal take place source (Sw2) respectively with described probe (Z _L) be connected above-mentioned three's other end common ground; The first accurate sampling element (Zr1) and the second accurate sampling element (Zr2) are series at first signal generating source (Sw1) respectively and the circuit at place, source (Sw2) takes place secondary signal; The first characteristic frequency bandpass filter (Fw1) is connected on first signal generating source (Sw1), the first accurate sampling element (Zr1) and probe (Z _L) in the circuit at place; The second characteristic frequency bandpass filter (Fw2) is connected on secondary signal source (Sw2), the second accurate sampling element (Zr2) and probe (Z takes place _L) in the circuit at place; Have two detecting circuits (10) to extract signal respectively at the two ends of the first accurate sampling element (Zr1) and the second accurate sampling element (Zr2), described detecting circuit (10) is linked in sequence with A/D converter (11), signal decomposition chip (12), digital interface output circuit (13).

3. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 2 and conductivity, described temperature-sensing element (device) (14) adopt the PN utmost point, thermistor, thermoelectric occasionally platinum resistance that the temperature information of tested soil is passed to signal decomposition chip (12) by A/D converter (11).

4. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 2 and conductivity is characterized in that, described signal decomposition chip (12) comprises a microprocessor.

5. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 2 and conductivity is characterized in that, described detecting circuit (10) is composed in series by detector diode, low-pass filter circuit.

6. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 2 and conductivity is characterized in that, the described first accurate sampling element (Zr1) and the second accurate sampling element (Zr2) adopt resistance, electric capacity, inductance or its combination.

7. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 2 and conductivity, it is characterized in that the described first characteristic frequency bandpass filter (Fw1) and the second characteristic frequency bandpass filter (Fw2) are the passive bandpass filters that adopts electric capacity, inductance and resistance to realize.

8. the sensor of synchronous real-time measurement soil moisture according to claim 4 and conductivity is characterized in that, described A/D converter (11) is integrated with described microprocessor.

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