CN206266696U - plasma spray welding gun - Google Patents
plasma spray welding gun Download PDFInfo
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- CN206266696U CN206266696U CN201621355943.7U CN201621355943U CN206266696U CN 206266696 U CN206266696 U CN 206266696U CN 201621355943 U CN201621355943 U CN 201621355943U CN 206266696 U CN206266696 U CN 206266696U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of spray welding apparatus, a kind of especially plasma spray welding gun, including negative electrode and nozzle, the nozzle complements each other to form plasma gas passage with negative electrode, plasma gas passage end formed plasma spray loophole, plasma spray loophole just to region be plasma transferred arc arc column region；Also include alloy powder powder feeding passage and ceramic particle powder feeding passage, the alloy powder spout of the alloy powder powder feeding passage is connected with plasma transferred arc arc column region or plasma spray loophole；The ceramic particle spout of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage is located at by plasma spray loophole, and the injection direction of the ceramic particle spout is parallel with the injection direction of plasma spray loophole.The utility model makes ceramic particle and arc column in the molten bath that the alloy powder that fusing is fallen into the state of keeping certain distance is formed, it is possible to prevente effectively from the adverse effect such as high arc temperature oxidation, decarburization for being caused to ceramic particle.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of spray welding apparatus, especially a kind of plasma spray welding gun.
Background technology
Compared with conventional metal material, there is more preferable hardness using the enhanced metal-ceramic composite material of ceramic particle
And wearability.Tungsten carbide (WC) due to possessing hardness (HV1700) higher, fusing point (2870 DEG C) and good wellability,
It is often added in Ni-based, iron-based and cobalt-base alloys matrix, is made metal-ceramic complex intensifying layer, is widely used in water
On electricity, thermoelectricity, steel, mine, metallurgy and oil exploitation equipment, to improve the energy that working face resists high temperature impact, abrasive wear
Power.Conventional preparation method has sintering and built-up welding, is compared with sintering process, and bead-welding technology is to WC particle size and matrix chi
Very little less-restrictive, it is easy to operate, has obtained wider application in wear resistant applications.Conventional bead-welding technology has manual argon arc heap
Weldering, flame spurt welding, submerged arc overlay welding, plasma spray etc., wherein plasma spray welding technology are dilute due to using powdered packing material
Release that rate is low, be more suitable for preparing the metal-WC composite strengthening layers of WC content high.
Traditional plasma spray welding gun only has a powder feeding passage, and the powder transported out from powder feeder (can close
The mixture at bronze end, ceramic powders or both) in the case where powder feeding gas blow, nozzle is flowed to by the powder feeding passage in gun body,
Be directly entered electric arc (referred to as internal powder conveying) in nozzle compression duct, or after mass flowing nozzle, nozzle exterior fly one section away from
Arc column (referred to as outer powder feeding) is entered back into after.Ni-Based Alloy Tungsten Carbide is prepared using traditional single channel powder feeding plasma spray welding gun
During composite-material abrasive strengthening layer, WC particle first and as the Co-based alloy powder for being bonded phase mixes by a certain percentage, while defeated
Deliver in plasma arc arc column, because arc column temperature is (up to 8000-10000 DEG C) very high, WC particle temperature is drastically raised,
Surface oxidation, decomposition, decarburization phenomenon are serious, cause WC particle scaling loss, hardness to be remarkably decreased, and do not have wear-resisting effect, little particle
WC particle even be completely melt in molten bath have a negative impact to strengthening layer toughness.It is control WC particle temperature, it is necessary to
Using the automatic powder feeding system of individually conveying WC particle, to eliminate damage of the high arc temperature to WC particle performance.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of plasma spray welding gun for avoiding ceramic particle scaling loss.
The plasma spray welding gun that the utility model is provided, including negative electrode and nozzle, the nozzle and negative electrode mutual cooperation shape
Into plasma gas passage, plasma gas passage forms plasma spray loophole in end, plasma spray loophole just to region
It is plasma transferred arc arc column region；Also include alloy powder powder feeding passage and ceramic particle powder feeding passage, the alloyed powder
The alloy powder spout of last powder feeding passage is connected with plasma transferred arc arc column region or plasma spray loophole；The ceramics
The ceramic particle spout of particle powder feeding passage is located at by plasma spray loophole, the injection direction of the ceramic particle spout with wait from
The injection direction of sub- jet is parallel.
Preferably, the nozzle is looped around around negative electrode, and the alloy powder powder feeding passage and ceramic particle powder feeding are logical
Road is set around nozzle.
Preferably, the alloy powder powder feeding passage is provided with two, the ceramics of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage
Grain spout and two alloy powder spouts of alloy powder powder feeding passage are according to circular distribution, ceramic particle spout and two alloys
The position angle of the spout of powder powder feeding passage is 90 degree, and the position angle of two spouts of alloy powder powder feeding passage is 180
Degree.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are：The utility model is used and conveyed respectively as the alloy powder and work of matrix
It is the multichannel powder feeding plasma spray welding gun of the ceramic particle of additional hard phase, while making ceramic particle and arc column keep a spacing
Fallen into the state of in the molten bath of alloy powder formation of fusing, can be formed after the solidification of molten bath and be made with the alloy powder for melting
It is matrix, middle Dispersed precipitate has the alloy-ceramic composite strengthening layer of ceramic particle, it is possible to prevente effectively from high arc temperature pair
The adverse effects such as oxidation, decarburization that ceramic particle is caused.It is sent directly into after mixing with ceramic powders with traditional alloy powder and is turned
Move arc arc column automatic powder feeding system compare, the utility model proposes multichannel independence automatic powder feeding system can to greatest extent keep ceramic particle
Original performance, the overall performance of skin layer composite material is significantly improved, in spray process can be adjusted flexibly molten bath
Ceramic content, can uninterruptedly prepare the composite strengthening layer of ceramic content graded, and the utility model is to matrix material
The scope of application is wide, performance flexible modulation enhancing phase ceramics content of powder and species that can be according to required by base material, while having life
The features such as producing low cost, easily realize industrialization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is top view of the present utility model；
Fig. 2 is the A-B line sectional views of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the A-C line sectional views of Fig. 1；
Parts, position and numbering in figure：Ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1, ionized gas 2, protective gas 3, ceramic particle
4th, molten bath 5, metal-ceramic composite material strengthening layer 6, matrix 7, transferred arc 8, protection gas curtain 9, untransferable arc 10, nozzle 11, conjunction
Bronze end 12, alloy powder powder feeding passage 13, main power source 14, striking power supply 15, alloy powder spout 16, ceramic particle spout
17。
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show only plasma spray
Region at the nozzle of welding gun, because main improvement of the present utility model is this region.
As shown in Fig. 2 the utility model, removes the surface of matrix 7 using modes such as machining, sandblasting, shot-peening, polishings first
The dirt such as oxide skin, iron rust, paint；Alloy powder 12 and ceramic particle 4 are dried, loads independent after it is cooled to room temperature
Alloy powder powder feeder and independent ceramic particle powder feeder.Then plasma spray is utilized by alloy powder 12 and ceramics
The cladding of particle 4 is thusly-formed metal-ceramic composite material strengthening layer 6 on the surface of matrix 7；When plasma spray is carried out, will close
Bronze end 12 is delivered directly in plasma transferred arc electric arc, and rapid melting is into liquid in electric arc and falls for alloy powder 12
Molten bath 5 is formed to the surface of matrix 7；Ceramic particle 4 is delivered to outside nozzle 11 by ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1, is not entered
The arc column of gas ions transferred arc 8, outside the arc column under drop down onto molten bath 5.
Foregoing alloy powder 12 is Co-based alloy powder, iron(-)base powder or Co-based alloy powder etc..Wherein with nickel
Base alloy powder is more representative.Foregoing ceramic particle 4 is carbide ceramics such as WC, SiC, TiC, ZrC, B4C、TaC、
Cr3C2Deng, nitride ceramics such as Si3N4, TiN, BN, AlN, ZrN etc., carbonitride ceramic such as TiCN etc., boride ceramics such as
TiB2、ZrB2, WB, ZrB etc. or other oxide ceramics such as Al2O3、SiO2、Cr2O3、ZrO2、TiO2Deng.Wherein with tungsten carbide wc
Compare representative, therefore, follow-up introduction is mainly introduced as an example with nickel-base alloy and tungsten carbide.
The course of work of the present utility model is as described below：
Implement surfacing using the powder plasma spray welding gun with multiple independent powder feeding passages, have inside the spray welding gun gun body
3 powder feeding passages, including 2 alloy powder powder feeding passages 13 and 1 ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1, while in spray welding gun spray
Around mouth 11 around set 2 alloy powder spouts 16 and 1 ceramic particle spout, 17,2 alloy powder spouts 16 it is mutual it
Between position angle be 180 °, the angle between alloy powder flour opening 16 and ceramic particle spout 17 is 90 °, and 2 alloys send
Powder passage 13 and ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1 are isolated each other, inside spray welding gun and at nozzle 11, the He of alloy powder 12
Ceramic particle 4 does not mix each other.During work, matrix 7 is fixed first, plasma spray welding gun is moved to the top of matrix 7,
Open (the N of ionized gas 22Or Ar gas), striking power supply 15 and main power source 14, ignited untransferable arc 10 by high-frequency spark, then borrow
The conductive channel for helping the arc flame of untransferable arc 10 to be caused between tungsten electrode and workpiece ignites transferred arc 8, in the arc column high temperature of transferred arc 8
Under effect (8000~10000 °) matrix 7 surface quickly formed with the molten bath 5 of beam diameter adjoining dimensions, while will prepare
Alloy powder 12 and ceramic particle 4 are independently transported to 2 alloy powder powder feeding passages 13 and ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1
In, after alloy powder 12 sprays from 2 alloy powder spouts 16, in (the N of protective gas 32Or Ar gas) formed in protection gas curtain 9
Fly and meet in the arc column of plasma transferred arc 8 after a segment distance, become tiny after rapid fusing under arc column high temperature action
Drop fall into molten bath 5, after ceramic particle 4 sprays from ceramic particle spout 17, outside the arc column of plasma transferred arc 8
Face, the vertical drop in protection gas curtain 9, afterwards into the afterbody of alloy pool 5, because the proportion of ceramic particle 4 is more than alloy powder
12, ceramic particle sinks in molten bath 5, is distributed in molten bath 5 in disperse shape, alloy-ceramic composite is formed after solidification strong
Change layer 6.By controlling plasma transfer arc current, torch swinging width, welding gun translational speed, alloy powder and ceramic particle
Powder sending quantity, you can obtain the reinforcing of width, thickness, ceramic particle percentage by weight satisfactory metal-ceramic composite material
Layer.
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, plasma spray welding gun of the present utility model, including negative electrode and nozzle 11, the nozzle 11 with
Negative electrode complements each other to form plasma gas passage, and plasma gas passage forms plasma spray loophole, plasma spray in end
Loophole just to region be plasma transferred arc arc column region, protection gas curtain 9 wrap plasma transferred arc arc column region,
Protection gas curtain 9 is formed by protecting gas passage to convey protective gas；Also include that alloy powder powder feeding passage 13 and ceramic particle send
Powder passage 1, the alloy powder spout 16 of the alloy powder powder feeding passage 13 and plasma transferred arc arc column region or waits
Ion jet is connected, and connection herein shows for alloy powder to be transported to corresponding position, for example, is ejected into alloy powder
Plasma transferred arc arc column region is also described connection；The ceramic particle spout 17 of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1
By plasma spray loophole, the injection direction of the ceramic particle spout 17 is parallel with the injection direction of plasma spray loophole,
During work, ceramic particle spout 17 is located at after plasma spray loophole, and the advantage of this structure is, the injection of ceramic particle 17
Direction is non-intersect with plasma transferred arc arc column region, that is, ceramic particle 17 directly will not be influenceed by high temperature, because
This is not easy to be burnt, and this enables that ceramic particle 17 completely plays effect, and the composite bed performance for ultimately forming is more preferable.Pottery
The distance between porcelain particle spout 17 and plasma spray loophole can be adjusted, to meet different process requirements, particular by
The nozzle 11 of different size is changed to realize.
Specifically, as shown in figure 1, the nozzle 11 is looped around around negative electrode, the alloy powder powder feeding passage 13 is set
There are two, the ceramic particle spout 17 of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1 and two alloy powders of alloy powder powder feeding passage
According to circular distribution, the position angle of ceramic particle spout 17 and two spouts of alloy powder powder feeding passage is 90 to spout 16
Degree, direction is the operative orientation of plasma spray welding gun as indicated by the arrows of fig. 2；Two positions of the spout of alloy powder powder feeding passage
It is 180 degree to put angle.In real work, after alloy powder sprays from two spouts of alloy powder powder feeding passage 13, protecting
Met in plasma transferred arc arc column after one segment distance of flight in shield gas curtain, two spouts pair of alloy powder powder feeding passage 13
Spray, can make the speed offset of the alloy powder of both direction, so as to avoid alloy powder from leaking.It is logical by alloy powder powder feeding
The conveying ratio in road 13 and ceramic particle powder feeding passage 1, can adjust ceramic particle 3 in metal-ceramic composite material strengthening layer 5
In content so that obtain hard phase concentration gradients change coating.
Embodiment 1：
For finished product blower vane plasma spray nickel-base alloy-WC composite-material abrasives layer, step is as follows：
1) nickel-base alloy composition is：C0.4-0.5%, B0.8~1.4%, Si0.17-0.37%, Cr5.0-6.0%,
Fe10.0~15.0, surplus Ni；WC compositions are C4-6%, surplus W；
2) Co-based alloy powder and WC are placed in baking oven, 30min is dried at 120 DEG C, it is cold in atmosphere after taking-up
But to adding corresponding powder powder feeder and WC powder feeders after room temperature；
3) to blower vane surface sand-blasting, the oxide layer on surface is removed；
4) automatic blower fan blade plasma spraying welding equipment is used, nickel-base alloy-WC composites is prepared in blade surface resistance to
Mill spray-welding coating.Plasma spray welding technology parameter is：100~120A of operating current, 18~20V of operating voltage, ion-gas flow
200l/min, nickel-base alloy powder feeding gas 150l/min, WC powder feeding gas 150l/min, protection air-flow amount 200l/min, nickel-base alloy
Powder sending quantity 25g/min, WC powder sending quantity 10g/min, speed of travel 100mm/min, swing width 20mm, overlay cladding thickness 3~
5mm.Ion-gas, powder feeding gas, protection gas are 99.99% technical argon；
5) layer Superalloy Substrate hardness is determined：HV350-400, WC particle hardness：HV1800-2200, by power spectrum
Analysis (EDS), the atomic fraction content for measuring Superalloy Substrate inside tungsten is 15-20at%.
Embodiment 2：
For finished product mine abrasion-proof backing block plasma spray nickel-base alloy-WC composite-material abrasives layer, step is as follows：
1) the nickel-base alloy composition for using is：Cr10-12%, B1.5-2%, Si3-3.5%, Fe2.5-3%, surplus Ni；
WC compositions are C4-6%, surplus W；
2) Co-based alloy powder and WC are placed in baking oven, 30min is dried at 120 DEG C, it is cold in atmosphere after taking-up
But to adding corresponding powder powder feeder and WC powder feeders after room temperature；
3) backing surface is polishing to expose metallic luster；
4) automatic flat-plate plasma spraying welding equipment is used, the spray of nickel-base alloy-WC composite-material abrasives is prepared in backing surface
Layer.Plasma spray welding technology parameter is：Operating current 180-185A, operating voltage 28-30V, ion-gas flow 300l/min,
Nickel-base alloy powder feeding gas 200l/min, protection air-flow amount 300l/min, WC powder feeding gas 200l/min, nickel-base alloy powder sending quantity 30g/
Min, WC powder sending quantity 40g/min, welding gun movement linear velocity 60mm/min, 3.5~4mm of overlay cladding thickness.Ion-gas, powder feeding gas,
Protection gas is 99.99% technical argon；
5) layer Superalloy Substrate hardness is determined：HV400-450, WC particle hardness：HV1800-2200, by power spectrum
Analysis (EDS), the atomic fraction content for measuring Superalloy Substrate inside tungsten is 17-20at%.
Embodiment 3：
For finished product metro shield cutting tool plasma spray nickel-base alloy-WC composite-material abrasives layer, step is as follows：
1) nickel-base alloy composition is：C0.8-1%, Cr18-20%, B3-4%, Si4-5%, Fe5-8%, surplus Ni；WC
Composition is C4-6%, surplus W；
:2) Co-based alloy powder and WC are placed in baking oven, 30min is dried at 120 DEG C, it is cold in atmosphere after taking-up
But to adding corresponding metal powder feed device and WC powder feeders after room temperature；
3) to tool surface sandblasting, the iron rust on surface is removed；
4) automatic tool plasma spraying welding equipment is used, the spray of nickel-base alloy-WC composite-material abrasives is prepared in tool surface
Layer.Plasma spray welding technology parameter is：Operating current 110-115A, operating voltage 24-26V, ion-gas flow 200l/min,
Protection air-flow amount 200l/min, nickel-base alloy powder feeding gas 150l/min, WC powder feeding gas 120l/min, nickel-base alloy powder sending quantity 20g/
Min, WC powder sending quantity 20g/min, workpiece revolution linear velocity 80mm/min, 1.5~2mm of overlay cladding thickness.Ion-gas, powder feeding gas,
Protection gas is 99.99% technical argon；
5) layer Superalloy Substrate hardness is determined：HV520-600, WC particle hardness：HV1800-2200.
Claims (3)
1. plasma spray welding gun, including negative electrode and nozzle (11), the nozzle (11) complement each other to form plasma (orifice) gas with negative electrode
Body passage, plasma gas passage end formed plasma spray loophole, plasma spray loophole just to region be plasma
Transferred arc arc column region；It is characterized in that：Also include alloy powder powder feeding passage (13) and ceramic particle powder feeding passage (1), institute
State the alloy powder spout (16) and plasma transferred arc arc column region or plasma spray of alloy powder powder feeding passage (13)
Loophole is connected；The ceramic particle spout (17) of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage (1) by plasma spray loophole, the ceramics
The injection direction of particle spout (17) is parallel with the injection direction of plasma spray loophole.
2. plasma spray welding gun as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The nozzle (11) is looped around around negative electrode, institute
Alloy powder powder feeding passage (13) and ceramic particle powder feeding passage (1) are stated around nozzle (11)) set.
3. plasma spray welding gun as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The alloy powder powder feeding passage (13) is provided with
Two, the ceramic particle spout (17) of the ceramic particle powder feeding passage (1) and two alloyed powders of alloy powder powder feeding passage
Last spout (16) is according to circular distribution, ceramic particle spout (17) and two position angles of the spout of alloy powder powder feeding passage
It it is 90 degree, the position angle of two spouts of alloy powder powder feeding passage is 180 degree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621355943.7U CN206266696U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | plasma spray welding gun |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621355943.7U CN206266696U (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | plasma spray welding gun |
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| CN206266696U true CN206266696U (en) | 2017-06-20 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106637044A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 成都布雷德科技有限公司 | Method for preparing alloy-ceramic composite coating through plasma spray-welding and plasma spray-welding torch |
| CN107604194A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | A kind of wire feed powder feeding coupling device based on arc deposited metal-base composites |
| CN110304824A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南神玖复合材料有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature fibre cotton manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method |
| CN113814543A (en) * | 2021-05-23 | 2021-12-21 | 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司 | PTA welding method of double-path powder feeding electric arc mixed powder alloying |
-
2016
- 2016-12-09 CN CN201621355943.7U patent/CN206266696U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106637044A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 成都布雷德科技有限公司 | Method for preparing alloy-ceramic composite coating through plasma spray-welding and plasma spray-welding torch |
| CN106637044B (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2020-02-04 | 成都布雷德科技有限公司 | Method for preparing alloy ceramic composite coating by plasma spray welding and plasma spray welding gun |
| CN107604194A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-19 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | A kind of wire feed powder feeding coupling device based on arc deposited metal-base composites |
| CN107604194B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2022-07-15 | 湖北汽车工业学院 | Wire and powder feeding coupling device based on arc deposition metal matrix composite |
| CN110304824A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 河南神玖复合材料有限公司 | A kind of high-temperature fibre cotton manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method |
| CN113814543A (en) * | 2021-05-23 | 2021-12-21 | 福尼斯(南京)表面工程技术有限公司 | PTA welding method of double-path powder feeding electric arc mixed powder alloying |
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