A kind of device of in-site measurement pervious concrete infiltration coefficient
Technical field
The utility model is related to the technical field of concrete, and in particular to a kind of in-site measurement pervious concrete infiltration coefficient
Device.
Background technology
Pervious concrete is that it is free of by a kind of porous light concrete of aggregate, cement, reinforcing agent and water mixing
Fine aggregate, is mutually bonded by coarse aggregate Surface coating a thin layer cement mortar and forms the equally distributed alveolate texture in hole, therefore
With ventilative, permeable and lightweight feature.The coefficient of permeability of pervious concrete is the important indicator of its performance, and coefficient of permeability is
Refer to the infiltration capacity that water passes through independent floor area within the unit interval.
Chinese patent literature CN102359929A discloses a kind of pervious concrete coefficient tester and method of testing, tester
Including base, sealing is inserted in the graduated cylinder in base endoporus, set be pressed on base outer surface with siderosphere, and be arranged on base
It is outer and for supporting the support of graduated cylinder.The method that concrete permeable coefficient is measured using this tester, is comprised the following steps:S1:
Pervious concrete pavement to be measured is cleaned up, is sufficiently humidified so as to water;S2:Plasticine is placed on road surface, base is placed in
Compress on plasticine and firmly, the plasticine that then will clamp-on chassis interior cuts away so that the internal diameter of plasticine is consistent with base;
S3:Configuration snare is located on base, and by graduated cylinder inserted base endoporus, and fix graduated cylinder with support;S4:Noted in graduated cylinder
Water, when dropping to certain altitude under water in graduated cylinder, starts timing, when water level decreasing is to another height, stops timing, then
Formula according to coefficient of permeability calculates the coefficient of permeability of pervious concrete.
The method of testing of above-mentioned coefficient of permeability, road surface cannot accurately be judged using the degree that water is fully soaked;Actual road surface
When raining, whole road surface is all being permeated, using the water in graduated cylinder come rain simulation scene, the downward process of osmosis of water in graduated cylinder
In, water can in the horizontal direction towards the road surface internal penetration being located at outside graduated cylinder.That is, the water of infiltration is not along vertical in graduated cylinder
Direction is only permeated in the region that graduated cylinder is limited, additionally it is possible to the region infiltration outside towards graduated cylinder, necessarily causes the permeable system of measurement
Number can not truly react the actual water permeability of pavement concrete.
Meanwhile, the water permeability of pervious concrete and the pervious bed thickness of concrete, pore size and stone in concrete
The particle size of son is relevant, and above-mentioned method of testing does not account for these factors, can not truly react the saturating of concrete
Water coefficient, can not exactly distinguish the full impregnated water-bound layer and half full impregnated water-bound layer of concrete.
Utility model content
Therefore, the technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to overcome the test of concrete permeable coefficient in the prior art
Instrument can not truly measure the actual coefficient of permeability of pavement concrete.
Therefore, the utility model provides a kind of device of in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, including
First cofferdam, with open top, bottom opening and inner chamber;
At least one second cofferdam, are arranged in first cofferdam, the internal face in its outside wall surface and first cofferdam
Between surround simulated domain;
Water supply installation, is at least a set of, is given in second cofferdam and the simulated domain respectively by pipeline and injects water;
Which is provided with for measuring the detector to the flow that water is injected in second cofferdam.
Preferably, the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, also including being separately positioned on the mould
Intend the first component and second component for showing height of water level in region and second cofferdam.
Preferably, the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, the first component and/or described
Two parts are floating plate.
It is further preferred that the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, the face in first cofferdam
Product is not less than 0.1m2, the spacing between first cofferdam and second cofferdam is at least above concrete permeable thickness degree.
Preferably, the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, first cofferdam and/or described
Two cofferdam are surrounded using elastic layering;And/or
First cofferdam is circular or square, and second cofferdam is circular or square.
It is further preferred that the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, first cofferdam be with
The first length more than 4 times of concrete permeable thickness degree is used as diameter or length;Second cofferdam is with more than concrete
15 times of the nominal maximum aggregate size of middle stone and the second length more than 80mm are used as diameter or length.
Preferably, the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, in first cofferdam at least provided with
Two second cofferdam, second cofferdam is evenly distributed in first cofferdam.
Preferably, the device of above-mentioned in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, the detector is flowmeter.
The technical solution of the utility model, has the following advantages that:
1. the device of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete that the utility model is provided, including the first cofferdam, at least
One the second cofferdam and at least a set of water supply installation.Wherein, the first cofferdam has open top, bottom opening and inner chamber;
At least one second cofferdam are arranged in first cofferdam, and simulation region is surrounded between the internal face in its outside wall surface and the first cofferdam
Domain;At least a set of water supply installation is by pipeline respectively to injection water in second cofferdam and the simulated domain;Which is provided with
For measuring the detector to the flow that water is injected in second cofferdam.
The device of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete of this structure, is enclosed by setting the first cofferdam and the second cofferdam
Into simulated domain, for the scene of rainfall in simulating reality, when the water in the second cofferdam and simulated domain is in sustained height
And when reaching the peak rainfall intensity of the road surface location, water simulated domain inner concrete and the second cofferdam inner concrete it
Between no longer occur intersecting the phenomenon of infiltration, only can be along permeating vertically downwards, the introducing of peak rainfall intensity more can be true
The scene that road surface is rained in simulating reality on the spot such that it is able to the coefficient of permeability of accurately measure pervious concrete.
2. the utility model provide in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete device, also including being separately positioned on
State the first component and second component for showing height of water level in simulated domain and second cofferdam.By set the
One part and second component show to the height of water level in simulated domain and the second cofferdam, are easy to judge Liang Ge areas respectively
Whether the water level in domain is consistent, is easy to open up the coefficient of permeability of test concrete.
3. the utility model provide in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete device, first cofferdam is with big
In 4 times of concrete permeable thickness degree of the first length as diameter or length;Second cofferdam is with more than in concrete
15 times of the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone and the second length more than 80mm are used as diameter or length.By the pervious bed of concrete
The nominal maximum aggregate size of stone determines the area in the first cofferdam and the second cofferdam respectively in thickness and concrete so that permeable system
In several measurement process, cobble-stone diameter size ginseng in concrete pervious bed thickness, the concrete of coefficient of permeability in itself will be influenceed
Number is taken into account, and can more realistically react the coefficient of permeability of pervious concrete, further improves the standard of measurement apparatus measurement
True property.
4. the utility model provide in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete device, in first cofferdam at least
Two second cofferdam are set, and second cofferdam is evenly distributed in first cofferdam.Simultaneously to multiple second cofferdam
The coefficient of permeability measurement of inner concrete, averages afterwards, further improves the accuracy of the measurement apparatus.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly of the utility model specific embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be right
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for specific embodiment or description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, describe below
In accompanying drawing be some implementation methods of the present utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying creativeness
On the premise of work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the knot of the device of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete provided in the utility model embodiment 1
Structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the edge of the device of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete provided in the utility model embodiment 1
A-A longitudinal profile schematic diagrams;
Description of reference numerals:The cofferdam of 1- first;The cofferdam of 2- second;3- simulated domains;4- first components;5- second components;
6- flowmeters;7- water supply installations.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that described
Embodiment is a part of embodiment of the utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, this
The every other embodiment that field those of ordinary skill is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to this practicality
Novel protected scope.
It is term " " center ", " on ", D score, "left", "right", " perpendicular, it is necessary to explanation in description of the present utility model
Directly ", the orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outward " are, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be only
Described with simplified for the ease of description the utility model, must had rather than the device or element for indicating or implying meaning specific
Orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to limitation of the present utility model.Additionally, term " the
One ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.
, it is necessary to explanation, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified in description of the present utility model
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integratedly
Connection;Can mechanically connect, or electrically connect;Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary,
Can be two connections of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned art can be understood with concrete condition
Concrete meaning of the language in the utility model.
As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in the utility model different embodiments disclosed below is each other
Not constituting conflict can just be combined with each other.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of device of in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the dress
Put including
First cofferdam 1, with open top, bottom opening and inner chamber;
Three the second cofferdam 2, are arranged in the first cofferdam 1, and mould is surrounded between the internal face in its outside wall surface and the first cofferdam 1
Intend region 3;
Water supply installation 7, by pipeline respectively to injection water in three the second cofferdam 2 and simulated domain 3;Which is provided with for
Measure the detector to the flow that water is injected in the second cofferdam 2;Detector is preferably flowmeter 6.
The device of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete in this implementation method, by setting the first cofferdam 1 and three
Individual second cofferdam 2, three the second cofferdam 2 surround simulation as three measurement zones between the first cofferdam 1 and three the second cofferdam 2
Region 3, for rainfall scene in simulating reality.When concrete permeable coefficient in three measured zones is measured, supply
Water installations 7 by pipeline respectively in three the second cofferdam 2 and injecting water in simulated domain 3, the water in three the second cofferdam 2
Height and simulated domain 3 in water is highly consistent and during regional peak rainfall intensity where reaching the road surface, then water is in mould
Intend no longer being interpenetrated in the horizontal direction between the concrete in concrete and three the second cofferdam 2 in region 3, only along perpendicular
To infiltration downwards, now begin through flowmeter 6 and record water supply installation 7 respectively to the flow velocity that water is injected in three the second cofferdam 2,
Calculate the coefficient of permeability of each inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2 respectively again, then ask three permeable systems of the inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2
Several average value as the concrete on the road surface coefficient of permeability, the setting of simulated domain 3 and the peak rainfall intensity of this area
Introducing such that it is able to more realistically in simulating reality rainfall scene so that the measurement result of the measurement apparatus is more accurate.
Used as preferred embodiment, the device of above-mentioned measurement concrete permeable coefficient also includes being separately positioned on simulation
First component 4 and second component 5 for showing height of water level in the cofferdam 2 of region 3 and second.In each second cofferdam 2
One second component 5 is all set, and the setting of second component 5 and first component 4 is easy in measurement process, only first need to be detected
Part 4 and second component 5 whether on sustained height, more intuitively to judge the water in the first cofferdam 1 in the second cofferdam of waters 2
In sustained height, it is easy to beginning during meter.
Preferably, first component 4 and second component 5 are floating plate;Or it is of the prior art can realize measure water level
The structure of height.
Preferably implementation method, the area in the first cofferdam 1 is not less than 0.1m2, the first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2 it
Between spacing at least above concrete permeable thickness degree.Such as area in the first cofferdam 1 is 0.2m2、0.8m2、1m2、1.5m2、2m2
Etc., two, three, four, second cofferdam 2 of five etc., each second cofferdam 2 and first are surrounded in the first cofferdam 1
Spacing between cofferdam 1 can also be 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times etc. of concrete permeable thickness degree, and most preferably, each second encloses
Spacing between the cofferdam 1 of weir 2 and first is at least 1 times of concrete permeable thickness degree, prevents the two too near, influence measurement leaned on
As a result.
Preferably, the first above-mentioned cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2 are surrounded using elastic layering or elastic ring, in measurement process,
Directly elastic layering or elastic ring can be bonded on road surface and surround the first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2.As deformation, may be used also
Surrounded with using other materials.
It is further preferred that the first above-mentioned cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2 are all circular or square, now, more preferably,
First cofferdam is using the first length of 4 times more than concrete permeable thickness degree as diameter or length;Second cofferdam is with big
15 times of the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone and the second length more than 80mm are used as diameter or length in concrete.For example, the
One length can also be 4.2 times, 4.5 times, 4.8 times, 5 times of concrete permeable thickness degree, for example, concrete permeable thickness degree is
30mm, then the first length is 150mm, only need to be with 4 times more than concrete permeable thickness degree for the first length, by the first cofferdam 1
Surround diameter or circular or square that the length of side is the first length.Or, pervious bed thickness according to pervious concrete determines
The area in the first cofferdam 1, and the area is not less than 0.1m2.For example, the area in the first cofferdam 1 is 0.5m2、1m2、0.8m2、
1.2m2Etc., or as far as possible by a little bigger of the area selection in the first cofferdam 1 so that between the first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2
The area of the simulated domain 3 for surrounding is bigger, rainfall scene that can more realistically in simulating reality.
Used as deformation, the second length can also be the maximum of stone in 15.5 times, 16 times, 16.5 times, 17 times of concrete
Nominal particle diameter, but second length must be more than 80mm, only need to more than 15 times of the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone in concrete and
It is the second length more than 80mm, by the circular or square that the second cofferdam 2 surrounds diameter or the length of side is the second length, prevents second
The area in cofferdam 2 is too small, it is difficult to operate.For example, the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone is 3mm, the then diameter or length in the second cofferdam
It is 45mm, but the second length is less than 80mm, then using 80mm as the second length;And for example, the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone is
10mm, then the diameter or length in the second cofferdam are 150mm etc..Used as further deformation, the second length can also be concrete
Other multiples of middle stone nominal maximum aggregate size, the size according to the nominal maximum aggregate size of stone in water coagulation soil determines;Or,
The second smaller cofferdam 2 of setting area, needs to surround simulated domain between the second cofferdam 2 and the first cofferdam 1 in the first cofferdam 1
3, the rainy scene come in simulating reality.
Used as deformation, the first cofferdam 1 and 2 one, the second cofferdam are circle, and another is square, or other figures are all
Can be so that only the need periphery of the second cofferdam 2 is surrounded simulated domain 3, the rainfall scene come in simulating reality.
Used as the preferred embodiment of water supply installation 7, water supply installation 7 is preferably water pump, or other conveying equipments, only needs
Inject water into the first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2, the number of water supply installation 7 can be one, and delivery port is by many pipelines
Connection, first cofferdam of correspondence 1 in multiple pipelines, other pipelines correspond second cofferdam 2, or water supply installation 7
It is two, three, four etc..
Used as deformation, the number in the first cofferdam 1 can also be two, three, four etc., be surrounded on different road surfaces many
One or two, three, four the second cofferdam 2 are set in individual first cofferdam 1, each first cofferdam 1, can be simultaneously to multiple
The coefficient of permeability of the concrete in the second cofferdam 2 is measured, then takes the average value of multiple coefficients of permeability so that measurement result is more
It is accurate and true.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of method of in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete, and the method is using in embodiment 1
Measurement apparatus, comprise the following steps:
S1:With 5 times of concrete permeable thickness degree for the first length, the circle of a diameter of first length is surrounded on road surface
The first cofferdam 1;16 times of stone nominal maximum aggregate size using in concrete and more than 80mm as the second length, positioned at first
Surround second cofferdam of circular 2 of a diameter of second length on road surface in cofferdam 1, the second cofferdam 2 and the first cofferdam 1 it
Between spacing for concrete permeable layer thickness h;Most preferably, the first cofferdam 1 is arranged concentrically with the second cofferdam 2 so that the first cofferdam 1
The simulated domain 3 of annular is formed between the second cofferdam 2;
S10:To being respectively put into the first floating plate 4 and the second floating plate 5 in the cofferdam 2 of simulated domain 3 and second;
S2:Respectively to injecting water in the cofferdam 2 of simulated domain 3 and second, when the floated on the water surface in simulated domain 3
The second floating plate floated on water surface in one floating plate and the second cofferdam 2 it is highly consistent when, and when reaching preset height H, open
30s during design, then flow velocity V now to injection water in the second cofferdam 2 is measured, and stop in the second cofferdam 2 and simulated domain 3
Injection water;
S3:According to formula:K=V* (H+h)/(S*h), draws the coefficient of permeability K of pavement concrete:
Wherein, S is the area in the second cofferdam, and h is the pervious bed thickness of pervious concrete, after V is for timing to Preset Time,
The flow velocity to injection water in the second cofferdam that measurement is obtained;H is preset height, and the preset height is in the road surface location
Peak rainfall intensity.
One the second cofferdam 2 completes the inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2 in first cofferdam 1 as a measurement point
After the measurement process of coefficient of permeability, repeat the above steps, then in two other first cofferdam 1 at other positions in road pavement
The coefficient of permeability of the inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2 measure, finally take three coefficients of permeability of the inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2
Average value as the pavement concrete coefficient of permeability value.
It should be noted that, it is necessary to measure the when water in the above-mentioned cofferdam of simulated domain 3 and second is in sustained height
Whether the height of water level, the height value of measurement is compared with preset height value in two cofferdam 2, sees reach preset height, only
Have when reaching preset height, measurement could be started to the flow velocity that water is injected in the second cofferdam 2.Maximum drops of the H according to different regions
The statistical value of raininess degree learns that different regions, peak rainfall intensity is different, and corresponding H is also different.In addition, rainfall intensity refers to
Rainfall in unit time period, with milli m/min timing, accordingly, the unit of H is mm.
In addition, after the above-mentioned coefficient of permeability value for calculating pavement concrete, it is contemplated that the power of water glues under different temperatures
Degree is different, is re-introduced into temperature correction coefficient, and the coefficient of permeability of the pavement concrete drawn at a temperature of other is changed into environment temperature
It is the coefficient of permeability under the conditions of 15 DEG C to spend, and specifically, environment temperature is corresponding when the temperature correction coefficient is for measurement coefficient of permeability
The ratio between dynamic viscosity of corresponding water, above-mentioned calculating is multiplied by with this correction factor when the dynamic viscosity of water is 15 DEG C with environment temperature
The coefficient of permeability for drawing, as the revised coefficient of permeability of pavement concrete.The dynamic viscosity of water is fixed value under different temperatures,
Can be learnt by tabling look-up.
The method of the in-site measurement permeation coefficient of permeable concrete in this implementation method, one second in the first cofferdam 1
Used as a measurement zone, annular simulated domain 3 is used as rainwater simulation region, the concrete ensphered in the second cofferdam of detection 2 in cofferdam 2
Coefficient of permeability when, while to water is injected in the second cofferdam 2 and simulated domain 3, water constantly penetrates down into the coagulation in road surface
In soil pores, Cross slot interference between concrete of the water in the concrete and the second cofferdam 2 in simulated domain 3, when the second cofferdam 2
When being in sustained height with the first floating plate and the second floating plate in simulated domain 3 and reaching peak rainfall intensity, then water is in simulation
No longer occur intersecting the phenomenon of infiltration between concrete and the inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2 in region 3, is further continued for second
Injection water in cofferdam 2 and simulated domain 3, water will be along permeating, by the maximum rainfall in the road surface region vertically downwards
Intensity is introduced, more can the truly rainy scene in road surface in simulating reality, then start timing, and measured after Preset Time to
The flow velocity of the water of injection in second cofferdam 2 such that it is able to the coefficient of permeability of accurately measure pervious concrete;Meanwhile, true
The most grand duke of stone in the area in fixed first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2 pervious bed thickness and concrete respectively according to concrete
Claim particle diameter, so as to the parameter of the coefficient of permeability of concrete during coefficient of permeability is measured, will be influenceed all to take into account, Neng Gougeng
The coefficient of permeability of concrete in road surface is truly reacted, the full impregnated water-bound layer and half permeable structure of concrete are distinguished exactly
Layer.
It is above-mentioned when the coefficient of permeability of pavement concrete is calculated as deformation, can also be without introducing temperature correction coefficient, directly
Access the average value of the coefficient of permeability of each inner concrete of the second cofferdam 2.
As interchangeable implementation method, in S1 steps, can also on road surface various location surround two, three
Individual, four, first cofferdam 1 of five etc., surrounded inside each first cofferdam 1 two, three, four, the of five etc.
Two cofferdam 2;The step of using S2 and S3 again, enters to the concrete in multiple second cofferdam 2 in each first cofferdam 1 respectively
The measurement of row coefficient of permeability, finally averages the coefficient of permeability measured in all of second cofferdam 2, used as the mixed of the road surface
Coagulate the coefficient of permeability of soil.
Used as optimal implementation method, various location sets three the first cofferdam 1 on road surface, in each first cofferdam 1
Three the second cofferdam 2 are uniformly distributed, three second in each first cofferdam 1 are enclosed respectively using above-mentioned step 2 and step 3
The coefficient of permeability of the inner concrete of weir 2 is measured, and takes the average value of coefficient of permeability in nine the second cofferdam 2 again afterwards as this
The coefficient of permeability of pavement concrete.
Used as interchangeable implementation method, timing time can also be 35 seconds, 38 seconds, 40 seconds etc., timing it is default when
Between be preferably controlled in the range of -40 seconds 30 seconds.Preferably, recorded using flowmeter 6 to the injection water in the second cofferdam 2
Flow velocity, or using the equipment of existing other recording solution flow velocitys, or after Preset Time is reached, in record a period of time
The flow of water in the second cofferdam 2 is injected, further according to the flow velocity of the flow rate calculation water outlet of water.Used as deformation, timing time can be with
It is 50 seconds, 20 seconds etc..
In addition, it is necessary to explanation, in above-mentioned coefficient of permeability computing formula, concrete permeable thickness degree, stone are maximum
Nominal particle diameter, can learn according to construction drawing.Above-mentioned the first cofferdam 1 and the second cofferdam 2 can also respectively be considered one
Wai Chi and interior pond, surround simulated domain 3 between Nei Chi and outer pond.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and not to the restriction of implementation method.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Among the protection domain that variation is created still in the utility model.