CN206223893U - A kind of coaxial device for field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of coaxial device for field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test, by broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder, plexiglass cylinder, end cap and reinforce annulus, coaxial holder is connected through a screw thread by being respectively divided into two-part internal and external conductor, connected by teflon insulation dielectric support body between internal and external conductor, micropore is equipped with inner wire, outer conductor and dielectric support body.Circular material is placed in the cavity of coaxial holder internal and external conductor formation when using, then coaxial holder is placed in the sealing plexiglass cylinder filled with High-Voltage Insulation gas again, the phenomenon that material surface can be avoided because high field is irradiated and discharged, so as to judge the phase-change characteristic of field sensitive type Spark gap material exactly.

Description

A kind of coaxial device for field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test

Technical field

The utility model is related to electromagnetic compatibility experimental technique field, more particularly to a kind of anti-for field sensitive type electromagnetic pulse The coaxial device of protective material performance test.

Background technology

Preferable field sensitive type environment self-adaption Spark gap material is insulating materials in the case of low field intensity, to electricity Magnetic wave does not have shielding action, and when being disturbed or attacking by outside strong electromagnetic pulse, i.e., external electromagnetic field significantly increases suddenly Plus and when more than certain critical field strength, due to the distinctive electrochemistry of material and energy-structure feature, external electromagnetic can be perceived The change of environment, can occur insulation/conductive phase transition phenomena, electrical conductivity lifting 10 in micro- nanoseconds²~10⁵The order of magnitude, makes The metalloid material of high connductivity is usually rapidly gone to for the material of insulator, high reflection and shielding are produced to external electromagnetic wave, will Outside protective casing, after external disturbance and attack high field disappear, material returns to original strong electromagnetic pulse energy barrier State, solves the contradiction between electronics normal work and high field protection.And it is based on the electromagnetism that this working mechanism is developed Protective materials can be undergone phase transition within the time of micro-nano second, and corresponding test is not carried out cannot be known, and this kind of electromagnetism Protective materials belongs to new material in itself, and how to test its insulator/conductor phase transition performance under strong electromagnetic pulse does not have phase also Close report.

In generation insulator to the phase transition process of conductor, its dynamic property will be reflected directly in electromagnetic pulse material On shield effectiveness.Before phase transformation, material is insulator, does not almost play any shielding action to electromagnetic pulse, and electromagnetic pulse will Pass through shield；After phase transition, material is conductor, and very big shielding action will be played to electromagnetic pulse.Therefore, estimate Field induced phase transition material its Electro-Magnetic pulse Shielding efficiency before and after phase transformation will occur greatly change.Shielded by test material and imitated Can, just can realize the quick judgement with the presence or absence of phase transition phenomena and preliminary assessment to material.

In the method for test material shield effectiveness, the Materials ' Shielding Effectiveness such as window technique, coaxial method that existing standard is given Method of testing can only obtain the frequency domain mask efficiency of material under the conditions of continuous wave, and high-power electromagnetic impulse disturbances effect is ground Study carefully and show, only the frequency domain mask efficiency with shielding material can't completely characterize its shield effectiveness to time domain impulse.At present Research both domestic and external is the waveform parameter by time domain impulse before and after shielding first（Rising edge, pulsewidth and peak value etc.）On change Change and the change of energy defines electromagnetic pulse time domain shield effectiveness, then obtain time domain screen by direct or indirect means Cover the value of efficiency.Direct means include：Using the method for the radiant type antenna such as TEM electromagnetic horns, based on fibre-optic transmission system (FOTS) Electromagnetic pulse simulator method, method and " Specimen Method " etc. using TEM rooms or GTEM rooms；Indirectly means are then main It is the value of known frequency domain mask efficiency, the method that waveform reconstruction is carried out by minimum phase method or vector fitting etc..

Method of testing above has a premise, that is, the material tested does not occur phase in whole test process Become, and part measuring method is carried out under feeble field or continuous wave environment, therefore the above method is not fully applied to field The test of phase-change material is caused, it is necessary to be improved design.

The content of the invention

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of for field sensitive type Spark gap material The coaxial device that can be tested, is tested measured material by using the device, is solved existing test system and is not suitable for field The problem of responsive type microwave defense material phase transition performance test.

In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution adopted in the utility model is：One kind is used for field sensitive type electromagnetism The coaxial device of pulse protective materials performance test, including broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder, plexiglass cylinder, end cap and add Gu annulus, the plexiglass cylinder two ends are embedded in end cap respectively, broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder is supported horizontally inside organic glass Fixed in glass cylinder and through the two ends of end cap by means respectively of annulus is reinforced, broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder includes coaxial The inner wire and outer conductor of installation, inner wire is by means of PTFE medium supporter coaxial support in outer conductor axially extending bore In, the outer conductor includes symmetrically arranged outer conductor supporting section, outer conductor left connection part and outer conductor right connection part, outer conductor Left connection part and outer conductor right connection part coaxial threaded are connected, and two sections of outer conductor supporting sections are respectively and fixedly installed to the left company of outer conductor Section left end and outer conductor right connection part right-hand member are connect, the inner wire includes that the inner wire left connection part and inner wire of axially docking are right PTFE medium supporter is installed between the endoporus of linkage section, inner wire left connection part and outer conductor left connection part, is inside led Body right connection part and outer conductor by installing PTFE medium supporter between the endoporus of linkage section, inner wire left connection part The right-hand member of left end and inner wire right connection part docks inner wire linkage section respectively.

The outer conductor supporting section side wall is provided with radial direction through hole, be respectively provided with the plexiglass cylinder both ends of the surface for The first annular groove of O-ring seals is installed, the inner face of the reinforcing annulus be provided with for O-ring seals are installed second Ring-shaped groove, the threaded one end that reinforcing annulus (1) passes end cap with outer conductor supporting section is connected.

The inner conductor outer diameter is 5.65mm, and outer conductor diameter of bore is 13mm, broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder end It is connected with coaxial cable using N-type coaxial connector.

The impedance of coaxial line is 50 at the Support Position of the PTFE medium supporter between outer conductor and inner wire Ω, digs an annular groove on Supporting Media and air interface, forms small inductor to compensate discontinuity capacitance, annular groove Depth and width be respectively 0.46mm and 3.42mm.

It is using the beneficial effect produced by above-mentioned technical proposal：

（1）Coaxial test device is by the novel coaxial fixture of insulating Design, by that can fill the close of High-Voltage Insulation gas Close plexiglass cylinder and the coaxial holder composition being placed in one.The test device frequency domain is functional：Upper limiting frequency 10.23GHz, in the range of 0 ~ 8GHz, return loss is less than 20dB, can effectively transmit electromagnetic pulse.Meanwhile, test dress Put with larger dynamic range：Clock output peak impulse voltage is 10V ~ 4.1kV, is computed the electricity inside coaxial device Field intensity scope is about 2kV/m ~ 871kV/m.Due to the field sensitive type many doped metal ions of Spark gap material internal, Material surface electric discharge is easily caused when in coaxial holder by strong electromagnetic pulse and influences material phase transformation performance to be judged, and it is new It is insulation gas filled in coaxial holder, this phenomenon can be effectively prevented from, it is ensured that to material in forceful electric power in the range of Larger Dynamic Phase-change characteristic under magnetic field impulse is accurately measured.

（2）The test system being made up of the coaxial test device can easily judgement material phase transition phenomena, calculate material Phase transformation field intensity threshold value and response time.Material was dielectric before non-phase transformation, and electromagnetic pulse is not influenceed in coaxial holder Transmission, so on oscillograph show waveform should be consistent with clock output waveform；Material is have one after phase transformation Determine the conductor of electrical conductivity, there is certain shield effectiveness to electromagnetic pulse, therefore the waveform shown on oscillograph will occur Change, the input pulse voltage peak according to the change moment can easily be calculated material phase transformation field intensity threshold value, and according to Waveform after change can measure the response time for obtaining material.Oscillograph is up to the sample rate of 20GHz, can differentiate ps magnitudes Rising edge, it is sufficient to follow the trail of measurement material the phase transformation response time.

Brief description of the drawings

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is test principle block diagram；

Wherein：1st, annulus is reinforced；2nd, end cap；3rd, plexiglass cylinder；4th, outer conductor supporting section；5th, inner wire linkage section； 6th, PTFE medium supporter；7th, outer conductor left connection part；8th, inner wire left connection part；9th, outer conductor right connection part；10、 Inner wire right connection part；11st, air-filled pore；12nd, air gauge mounting hole；13rd, first annular groove；14th, the second ring-shaped groove.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical scheme in the utility model is specifically described, it is clear that described embodiment Only a part of embodiment of the present utility model, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, this The every other embodiment that field those of ordinary skill is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to this practicality Novel protected scope.

Many details are elaborated in the following description in order to fully understand the utility model, but this practicality is new Type can also be different from other manner described here using other be implemented, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this reality Similar popularization is done with the case of new intension, therefore the utility model is not limited by following public specific embodiment.

As shown in figure 1, the utility model discloses a kind of for field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test Coaxial device includes broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder, plexiglass cylinder 3, end cap 2 and reinforces annulus 1, the lucite The two ends of cylinder 3 are embedded in end cap 2 respectively, and broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder is supported horizontally inside in plexiglass cylinder and through end The two ends of lid are fixed by means respectively of annulus 1 is reinforced, and broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder is including coaxial mounted inner wire and outward Conductor, inner wire by means of the coaxial support of PTFE medium supporter 6 in outer conductor axially extending bore, the outer conductor bag Include symmetrically arranged outer conductor supporting section 4, outer conductor left connection part 7 and outer conductor right connection part 9, the He of outer conductor left connection part 7 The coaxial threaded of outer conductor right connection part 9 is connected, and two sections of outer conductor supporting sections 4 are respectively and fixedly installed to the left side of outer conductor left connection part 7 End and the right-hand member of outer conductor right connection part 9, the inner wire include axially the inner wire left connection part 8 of docking and the right connection of inner wire Section 10, installs PTFE medium supporter 6 between inner wire left connection part 8 and the endoporus of outer conductor left connection part 7, inside lead Body right connection part 10 and outer conductor are by installing PTFE medium supporter 6, the left connection of inner wire between the endoporus of linkage section 9 The section left end of (8) and the right-hand member of inner wire right connection part 10 dock inner wire linkage section 5 respectively.It is organic glass by inflating nozzle High-Voltage Insulation gas is filled with glass cylinder, air gauge shows the gas pressure being filled with.Beaten on outer conductor and insulated support There is aperture, it is ensured that gas surrounds inner wire and subject material completely, so as to avoid material surface electric discharge phenomena.

The inner conductor outer diameter of coaxial holder is 5.65mm, outer conductor internal diameter is 13mm, and upper limiting frequency is 10.23GHz.Coaxially Wire holder end is connected using N-type coaxial connector base with cable, and the utility model selects N-50KF connectors, its inner wire A diameter of 3.04mm of core, outer conductor internal diameter is 7mm.The place of coaxial linear dimension mutation can produce discontinuous ladder electric capacity, locate The bad performance that can cause strong reflection, reduce coaxial wire holder of reason.The utility model inner conductors are misplaced using axial step Small inductor that mode is formed compensates discontinuity capacitance.Changed position in internal and external conductor radius, to seamed edge rounding, to cut Field intensity at weak its position, prevents point discharge.

Supporting Media uses polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), relative dielectric constant, thicknessd=4mm.Due to Supporting Media In the presence of changing the characteristic impedance placed at Supporting Media position.To ensure that coaxial holder characteristic impedance is 50 Ω, Supporting Media The depth of immersion outer conductor and inner wire is set to 0.7mm and 0.64mm.Further to reduce discontinuity capacitance, reduce in width Reflection on frequency band, digs an annular groove on Supporting Media and air interface, forms small inductor to compensate discontinuous electricity Hold, the depth of annular grooveWAnd widthLBy calculating 0.46mm and 3.42mm is set to simulation optimization.

For convenience of electrical connection good between clamping material and holding material and coaxial wire holder, will centered on clamping material Internal and external conductor is divided into dismountable two parts, and two-part outer conductor fixes material by screwing for screw thread, it is two-part in Conductor then keeps connection by the groove of bolt tongue and same depth.The fixture can test internal diameter for 3mm, external diameter 41mm, thickness Circular material less than 5mm, the test system constituted using the present apparatus includes high-frequency noise simulator, novel coaxial test dress Put, attenuator and oscillograph, the high-frequency noise simulator signal output part connects coaxial test device by coaxial cable to be believed Number input port, the test device signal output port connects attenuator, attenuator signal output end connection oscilloscope signal End（Referring to accompanying drawing 2）.

Carrying out testing preceding, it is necessary to first carry out checking test, judging whether test device produces shadow to test result in itself Ring, the method for judgement is：In the case of test device not carrying material, the signal input port to test device is input into a side Ripple signal, if test device has good impedance matching and high pressure resistant property, then by test device signal output The output signal that port shows on oscillograph should be completely the same with original input square wave, and this also demonstrates that the test device will not shadow Ring the test to measured material characteristic.By verification experimental verification, the amplitude of input waveform and output waveform, pulse width, rising edge It is consistent.

Test material is fixed in coaxial holder during test, while being filled with High-Voltage Insulation gas, adjusts high-frequency noise mould Intend the output voltage and pulse width of device, for test device provides input waveform, measured material is under a uniform field intensity, Output waveform is observed by oscillograph, if output waveform is consistent with former input waveform, that is, measured material is also in insulation State, measured material not its effect in test circuit, then progressively heightens the voltage of input waveform, and then improve measured material Residing field intensity, if output waveform there occurs change, just explanation measured material by original M Ω grades in a short period of time under Hundred Ω grades is dropped to, its response time can be calculated by the change for observing output waveform, the field intensity for changing can exactly make The field intensity threshold value that measured material undergoes phase transition.

In a word, the utility model passes through insulating Design, it is to avoid transferred because material surface is acted in high field electromagnetic pulse Electricity and influence the problem that is judged material phase transformation characteristic.Square-wave signal is provided using high-frequency noise simulator, oscillograph is made It is the test system that display device is constituted, it is wide with simple structure, small volume, frequency band range compared with existing test system, move State scope is big, can be used for high field pulse test and test result is reproducible and stability is high advantage.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of coaxial device for field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test, it is characterised in that：Including broadband Continuous conductor coaxial holder, plexiglass cylinder（3）, end cap（2）With reinforcing annulus（1）, the plexiglass cylinder（3）Two ends End cap is embedded in respectively（2）, broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder is supported horizontally inside in plexiglass cylinder and through the two ends of end cap By means respectively of reinforcing annulus（1）Fixed, broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder includes coaxial mounted inner wire and outer conductor, interior Conductor is by means of PTFE medium supporter（6）Coaxial support is in outer conductor axially extending bore, and it is right that the outer conductor includes Claim the outer conductor supporting section for setting（4）, outer conductor left connection part（7）With outer conductor right connection part（9）, outer conductor left connection part （7）With outer conductor right connection part（9）Coaxial threaded is connected, two sections of outer conductor supporting sections（4）It is respectively and fixedly installed to outer conductor left Linkage section（7）Left end and outer conductor right connection part（9）Right-hand member, the inner wire includes the inner wire left connection part of axially docking （8）With inner wire right connection part（10）, inner wire left connection part（8）With outer conductor left connection part（7）Endoporus between install poly- Tetrafluoroethene dielectric support body（6）, inner wire right connection part（10）With outer conductor by linkage section（9）Endoporus between install poly- four PVF dielectric support body（6）, the left end and inner wire right connection part of inner wire left connection part (8)（10）Right-hand member dock respectively Inner wire linkage section（5）.

2. field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Outer conductor supporting section（4）Side wall is provided with radial direction through hole, the plexiglass cylinder（3）It is respectively provided with for installing O in both ends of the surface The first annular groove of shape sealing ring（13）, the reinforcing annulus（1）Inner face be provided with for O-ring seals are installed Second ring groove（14）, reinforce annulus (1) and outer conductor supporting section（4）Pass the threaded one end connection of end cap.

3. field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described Inner conductor outer diameter is 5.65mm, and outer conductor diameter of bore is 13mm, and broadband continuous conductor coaxial holder end is coaxially connected using N-type Device is connect to be connected with coaxial cable.

4. field sensitive type Spark gap material properties test system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Lead outward The impedance of coaxial line is 50 Ω at the Support Position of the PTFE medium supporter between body and inner wire, in Supporting Media With one annular groove of digging on air interface, form small inductor to compensate discontinuity capacitance, the depth and width of annular groove Respectively 0.46mm and 3.42mm.