A kind of production system of the calcium carbide that pyrolysis gas are recycled
Technical field
The utility model generally relates to a kind of production system of calcium carbide, and in particular to the calcium carbide that a kind of pyrolysis gas are recycled
Production system.
Background technology
Calcium carbide is commonly called as calcium carbide, is obtained by coke and calcium oxide reaction, is important coalification chemical product and basic chemical industry original
Material, mainly for the production of acetylene and ethynylation chemical product, be including vinyl chloride serial, vinyl acetate series and acrylic etc.
Row product.Calcium carbide has a very important role to Chinese national economy development, and calcium carbide yield is continuously increased nearly ten years.
Although the existing history for many years of development of calcium carbide industry, the production technology of current calcium carbide still mainly uses electric arc
The method of heating, i.e., produce high temperature to produce electricity stone to provide heat next life by electric arc furnaces.It is to utilize electrical energy production using electric arc furnaces
Calcium carbide.Its specific production process is added mixture into electric furnace by the entrance or pipeline of electric furnace upper end, raw material open or
2200 DEG C or so are heated in closed electric furnace, at high temperature reaction generation calcium carbide (calcium carbide).The calcium carbide for having melted, from discharging
Mouth discharge, into calcium carbide pot cooling.Calcium carbide is after cooling down and crushing as finished product packing.The carbon monoxide generated in reaction is then according to electricity
The type of stone stove is discharged by different way.The shortcoming of the technology is:Need by the use of the block coke and lime of high price as raw material;
Generated heat using electric energy, power consumption is high, and energy consumption cost is high;Because electric arc is almost in the center of electric arc furnaces, unit heat size is using effect
Rate is limited, yields poorly;The high-temperature flue gas of generation are fewer due to measuring, and calcium carbide per ton about produces 400m3, associated thermal energy is difficult to back
Receive.
The method of the current hot method production calcium carbide of oxygen is that block calcic raw material and carbon raw material are preheated in epimere shaft furnace
After 800-1300 DEG C, then feed them into hypomere electric arc furnaces.It is combined with electrode by oxygen and breeze blowing burning in electric arc furnaces
Heat supply makes temperature rise to 1700-2200 DEG C, carbide raw material reaction generation high-grade calcium carbide.The calcium carbide furnace gas removing dust purification of generation
Afterwards by gas turbine combustion to drive electrical power generators, waste gas sensible heat is by waste heat boiler recovery.The shortcoming of the technology is:Need profit
With the block coke and lime of high price as raw material.The subject matter of the hot method of present oxygen is not solve block material reaction to exist
Problem, i.e., because block stock specific surface area is small so that raw material need to could complete reaction in higher temperature, thus result in system
Energy consumption is high.The raw materials for production of the hot method of current oxygen remain as price block coke and lime stone higher, without effectively
Reduce cost of material.Additionally, the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis is produced are not effectively utilized.
Therefore, in order to be able to the agstone and low order coal dust directly using low cost produce calcium carbide, and raw material can be controlled
Transporting velocity and residence time, it is ensured that the reaction effect of raw material, effectively using pyrolysis gas, it is necessary to propose a kind of new calcium carbide
Production system.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the production system for providing the calcium carbide that a kind of pyrolysis gas are recycled so that the technique
Can directly utilize the powders such as agstone, coal dust that reaction is completed in stove, and when can control the transporting velocity of raw material and stop
Between, to ensure the reaction effect of raw material.
The utility model provides a kind of production system of the calcium carbide that pyrolysis gas are recycled, and the system includes adjustable
The hot method furnace of calcium carbide of formula pyrolysis oven, oxygen, oxygen rifle and natural gas-oxygen lance, wherein, the adjustable pyrolysis oven includes lime stone
Powder feeding mouth, coal dust feeding mouth, feed opening, smoke inlet and pyrolysis gas outlet, the agstone feeding mouth, the coal dust enter
, located at the top of the adjustable pyrolysis oven, the feed opening and smoke inlet are located at described for material mouth and the pyrolysis gas outlet
The bottom of adjustable pyrolysis oven;The baffle plate of adjustable inclination, the baffle plate are provided with the burner hearth of the adjustable pyrolysis oven
Under the agstone feeding mouth and the coal dust feeding mouth, on the feed opening and the smoke inlet;It is described
Baffle plate leaves gap with the inwall of the adjustable pyrolysis oven, and aperture is disposed with the baffle plate;The baffle plate is by through institute
The rotating shaft support of adjustable pyrolysis oven furnace wall is stated on the adjustable pyrolysis oven;The hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen includes pan feeding
Mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening, the feeding mouth connect the feed opening of the adjustable pyrolysis oven, the exhanst gas outlet connection
The smoke inlet of the adjustable pyrolysis oven;The lance head of the oxygen rifle is located in the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of the oxygen, the oxygen rifle
Stretched into the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of the oxygen from the furnace roof of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of the oxygen;The lance head of the natural gas-oxygen lance sets
In in the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of the oxygen, the natural gas-oxygen lance stretches into the oxygen heat from the furnace roof of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of the oxygen
In method furnace of calcium carbide;The natural gas line of the natural gas-oxygen lance passes through pressue device and the adjustable pyrolysis oven
Pyrolysis gas outlet is connected.
Above-mentioned system, is sequentially provided with multiple with the inclination angle from top to bottom in the burner hearth of the adjustable pyrolysis oven
Baffle plate, the vertical center line of the relatively described adjustable pyrolysis oven in inclination angle of the adjacent baffle plate is arranged symmetrically.
Above-mentioned system, the baffle plate is adjustable as 30 ° -60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane;Hole diameter on the baffle plate
It is 10mm-30mm.
Above-mentioned system, the adjustable pyrolysis oven is block furnace, on incline direction of the baffle plate along the inclination angle
Length be 0.5-0.95 times of the adjustable pyrolysis oven length of side, the rotary shaft of the adjacent baffle plate is described adjustable
The distance of the vertical direction of pyrolysis oven is 0.2-1.5 times of the adjustable pyrolysis oven length of side.
Above-mentioned system, the baffle plate is provided with sealing device with the junction of the adjustable pyrolysis oven;The rotating shaft
It is provided with rotation driving bar.
Above-mentioned system, the exhanst gas outlet of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen is by adjustable described in high-temperature flue gas pipeline communication
The gas approach of pyrolysis oven.
Above-mentioned system, the feeding mouth of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen is provided with radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter;It is described can
The agstone feeding mouth of adjustable type pyrolysis oven is connected with agstone speed governing batcher, and the coal dust of the adjustable pyrolysis oven enters
Material mouth is connected with coal dust speed governing batcher.
Above-mentioned system, the structure of the oxygen rifle is telescopic water cooled lance, and the material of the lance head of the oxygen rifle is copper,
The sleeve internal layer of the oxygen rifle is blowing oxygen layer, and outermost is cooling circulating water layer;The oxygen inlet of the blowing oxygen layer
It is connected with oxygen channel.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that this technology utilization lime stone and coal dust produce calcium carbide, considerably reduce
The cost of raw material.
Adjustable pyrolysis oven of the present utility model can easily control reaction time of the raw material in stove, it is ensured that
The degree and efficiency of raw material reaction.
The utility model solves the problems, such as the powder in calcium carbide production using foamed slag, and calcium carbide is produced using powder, reduces
Reaction temperature, reduces energy consumption.
The utility model will be pyrolyzed the natural gas for producing and be burnt by pressurized circulation feeding furnace of calcium carbide, for reaction provides heat
Amount.
In the utility model, the lime in adjustable pyrolysis oven promotes the pyrolytic reaction of coal, while coal dust is again
The CO that production lime can be produced2It is reduced into CO so that final outlet is output as fuel gas, convenient to be further subject to profit
With.Additionally, can also combustible gas or oil be extracted from pyrolysis smoke to produce new benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture sketch of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the adjustable pyrolysis oven interior panelling front view structural representation of the utility model embodiment;And
Fig. 3 is the A of adjustable pyrolysis oven interior panelling in Fig. 2 to structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just scheme of the present utility model and the advantage of its various aspects be better understood when.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to limitation of the present utility model.
Embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.The pyrolysis of the present embodiment
The production system of the calcium carbide that gas is recycled includes:1st, agstone hopper;2nd, speed governing batcher;3rd, adjustable pyrolysis oven;
4th, baffle plate;5th, oxygen channel;6th, oxygen rifle;7th, the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen;8th, discharging opening;9th, natural gas-oxygen lance;10th, oxygen hose
Road;11st, natural gas line;12nd, high-temperature flue gas pipeline;13rd, pressue device;14th, discharge duct;15th, speed governing batcher;16th, coal
Powder bucket.Wherein, agstone hopper 1, coal dust hopper 16, speed governing batcher 2 and 15 etc. can be set or more according to actual needs
It is changed to other devices.
The adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 includes agstone feeding mouth, coal dust feeding mouth, feed opening, smoke inlet and heat
Vent one's spleen outlet.The agstone feeding mouth, the coal dust feeding mouth and pyrolysis gas outlet are located at 3 stoves of the adjustable pyrolysis
Top, the feed opening and smoke inlet are located at the bottom of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.
The baffle plate 4 of adjustable inclination is provided with the burner hearth of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3, the baffle plate 4 is located at the stone
Under limestone flour feeding mouth, the coal dust feeding mouth and pyrolysis gas outlet, on the feed opening and the smoke inlet.It is described
Baffle plate 4 leaves gap with the inwall of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3, and aperture is disposed with the baffle plate 4.The baffle plate 4 is by wearing
The rotating shaft 41 for crossing the furnace wall of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 is supported on the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.
The hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen includes feeding mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening 8.The feeding mouth connection is described adjustable
The feed opening of section formula pyrolysis oven 3, the exhanst gas outlet connects the smoke inlet of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.The oxygen rifle 6
In the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of the oxygen, the oxygen rifle 6 stretches into the oxygen heat to lance head from the furnace roof of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of the oxygen
In method furnace of calcium carbide 7.Multiple baffle plates with the inclination angle are sequentially provided with the burner hearth of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 from top to bottom
4, the vertical center line of the relatively described adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 in inclination angle of the adjacent baffle plate 4 is arranged symmetrically.
The agstone of 0-1mm and the coal dust of 0-2mm are by arriving adjustable heat in hopper under closed speed governing batcher
Solution stove 3, speed governing batcher may be designed as spiral speed regulation batcher, and adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 and raw material are ensured while feed
Sealing between hopper.
The delivery rate of batcher is controlled according to the reaction speed in the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen, and reaction speed is very fast, feed speed
Degree increases, otherwise then reduces.
The ratio of agstone and coal dust is controlled according to the constituent adjustment of product, if CaO content is high in calcium carbide, is increased
Plus the ratio of carbon, otherwise then reduce.
The speed that material declines can be controlled by the angle of baffle plate 4, and angle is big, and decrease speed is fast, and residing time in furnace is short;Angle
Degree is small, and decrease speed is slow, and residing time in furnace is long.Depending on the foundation of regulation can be according to the outlet temperature of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen, one
As outlet temperature between 1500 DEG C -1100 DEG C.Outlet temperature is high, and the residence time is short, otherwise then the residence time is long.
The design principle of baffle plate 4 is material path principle most long, while ensureing again to the cigarette in adjustable pyrolysis oven 3
Atmidometer can not be too big.
According to above principle, while according to baffle plate 4 and the coefficient of friction of raw material powder, for foursquare pyrolysis oven, design
Baffle plate 4 is along 0.5-0.95 times, preferably 0.75 times or so that the length on the incline direction at the inclination angle is the pyrolysis oven length of side.Phase
Difference in height between the rotary shaft of adjacent baffle plate is 0.2-1.5 times, preferably 0.5 times or so of the pyrolysis oven length of side.Baffle plate 4 and level
The adjustable range of the angle in face is defined as 30 ° -60 °.Shown in the structure and size as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 of instantiation.It is specific in figure
Structure and size are exemplary illustration.Certain pyrolysis oven can also be other shape such as circle.When pyrolysis oven is other shape,
Being also can not the too big knot to design baffle plate to the flue gas resistance in direct pyrolysis oven according to material path principle most long and consideration
Structure and arrangement form.
For example, when the angle of baffle plate 4 and horizontal plane is 36 °, the total distance of stream is 2.1 times of left sides of pyrolysis oven height
It is right.Due to frictional force and the influence of collision, material falls to becoming the reciprocal downglide motion of low speed by the movement of falling object, with whole process
For the situation (being not provided with baffle plate) of free-falling is compared, raw material powder fall time is 5-12 times of free-fall time.Have above
Body parameter can make the appropriate adjustments according to the particle size range of the wind speed in pyrolysis oven and raw material powder.The material of baffle plate 4 is heat-resisting stainless
Steel.Baffle arrangement has the aperture of diameter 10mm-30mm, and high-temperature gas is by flowing through aperture and pyrolysis oven and baffle plate below pyrolysis oven
Gap between 4 flows up, to ensure contact of the raw material powder with high-temperature gas.
Baffle plate 4 have can make baffle plate activity rotating shaft 41 and with the sealing device between adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.Can be
Reinforcement 42 is set on baffle plate 4 to ensure the intensity and rigidity of baffle plate 4.The rotation of baffle plate 4 can hand-turning also machine drive,
Rotation driving bar 43 can be designed with baffle plate 4.
High-temperature gas reverse flow in raw material powder and adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.Agstone reacts under the high temperature conditions
Generation CaO and CO2, there is pyrolytic reaction at high temperature, generate coke and pyrolysis gas in coal dust.The gas of generation is arranged with high-temperature flue gas
Go out, into later stage processing system.It is pyrolyzed oil, gas product that the pyrogenic steam for producing obtains high-quality by condensation, purification.Generation
CaO and carbon dust enter the follow-up hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen in reaction generation calcium carbide.
Raw material powder during falling to bottom from the top of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3, progressively fractional order reaction, by regulation
Residence time in adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 is controlling the extent of reaction.The extent of reaction in the exit of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 can
Reach 95% or so.
The charging aperture of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen senses blanking feelings by setting the facility such as radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter
Condition, prevents feed opening from blocking.If it find that feed opening gathers materials too much, discharge quantity is reduced by controlling the delivery rate on top,
Prevent from blocking.
The structure of oxygen rifle 6 is telescopic water cooled lance, wherein, middle injecting oxygen, outside is cooling circulating water, oxygen rifle head
Portion's material is copper lance head.
In the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of the oxygen, the natural gas-oxygen sprays the lance head of the natural gas-oxygen lance 9
Rifle 9 is stretched into the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of the oxygen from the furnace roof of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of the oxygen;The day of the natural gas-oxygen lance 9
Right feed channel 11 is connected by pressue device 13 with the pyrolysis gas outlet of the adjustable pyrolysis oven 3.Adjustable pyrolysis oven 3
The partial thermal decomposition gas of output, out afterwards by after pressue device 13, then is circulated from discharge duct 14 by natural gas-oxygen lance 9
Burning, is the heat of the production provided auxiliary of calcium carbide in into the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen.
In the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen, coke and calcium lime powder enter the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen.Carbon dust fires under the conditions of pure oxygen
Burn, while carbon dust and oxygen reaction generation CO.Furnace of calcium carbide top is formed foamed slag using the CO and portion of flux of generation, utilize
Foamed slag catches pulverized limestone and carbon dust, and reaction is carried out in foamed slag.A carbon dust part and oxygen reaction provide heat and reaction
The temperature of needs, another part and CaO reaction generation calcium carbides.Discharged by the discontinuity of discharging opening 8 after having reacted.Calcium carbide passes through
Cooling in calcium carbide pot is discharged to after material mouth 8 again.
The utility model can considerably reduce the cost of raw material using agstone and coal dust production calcium carbide.
Adjustable pyrolysis oven of the present utility model can easily control reaction time of the raw material in stove, it is ensured that
The degree and efficiency of raw material reaction.
The utility model solves the problems, such as the powder in calcium carbide production using foamed slag, and calcium carbide is produced using powder, reduces
Reaction temperature, reduces energy consumption.
The utility model will be pyrolyzed the natural gas for producing and be burnt by pressurized circulation feeding furnace of calcium carbide, for reaction provides heat
Amount.
In adjustable pyrolysis oven, lime promotes the pyrolytic reaction of coal, while coal dust can produce production lime again
Raw CO2It is reduced into CO so that final outlet is output as fuel gas, convenient to be further used.Additionally, can also be from pyrolysis
Combustible gas or oil are extracted in flue gas to produce new benefit.
Embodiment
Agstone and coal dust are respectively put into hopper 1 and hopper 16 first, by the speed governing batcher 2 and batcher of bottom
15, send into adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 according to certain ratio and speed.
Powder glides in adjustable pyrolysis oven along baffle plate 4, while being reacted under conditions of high-temperature flue gas, lime stone
Powder reacts generation CaO and CO under the high temperature conditions2.There is pyrolytic reaction in coal dust, generate coke and pyrolysis gas at high temperature.Part
The gas of generation is discharged with high-temperature flue gas from discharge duct 14, into later stage processing system.Carbon dust and quick lime enter the hot method of oxygen
Reaction in furnace of calcium carbide 7.
Partial thermal decomposition gas enters natural gas-oxygen lance 9 after pressue device 13 pressurizes by pipeline 11, while oxygen
Natural gas-oxygen lance 9 is entered by oxygen channel 10 simultaneously, natural gas burning in furnace of calcium carbide 7 with oxygen is calcium carbide reaction
There is provided supplemental heat.
Oxygen enters oxygen rifle 6 by oxygen channel 5, is burnt for calcium carbide reaction is provided with carbon dust in the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen
Major heat simultaneously makes in-furnace temperature heat up.Under the high temperature conditions, quick lime and carbon dust reaction generation calcium carbide, by between discharging opening 8
Have a rest exclusion.React the high-temperature flue gas for producing and adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 is entered by pipeline 12.
Hereinafter it is specifically described step by step.
Agstone is put into hopper 1 first.Limestone granularity scope is 0-1mm.By the high temperature of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3
Calcium lime powder, calcium lime powder composition such as following table are generated after reaction:
Table 1
Title |
CaO% |
MgO% |
Activity degree ml |
Active lime |
≥90 |
≤0.7 |
≥300 |
Coal dust is put into hopper 16, and coal powder size is 0-2mm, the composition such as following table of coal dust:
Table 2
Composition, % |
Fixed carbon |
Fugitive constituent |
Ash content |
S |
Coal dust |
65~75 |
20~25 |
7~10 |
0.2~0.3 |
Coal dust is pyrolyzed under the hot environment of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3, generates coke and pyrolysis gas, and coke composition is as follows
Table:
Table 3
Composition, % |
Mad |
Aad |
Vad |
FCad |
Carbon dust |
0.50 |
7.55 |
5.08 |
86.87 |
Coke and calcium lime powder enter the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen, and carbon dust burns under the conditions of pure oxygen.Control in-furnace temperature exists
Between 2000 DEG C -2200 DEG C, while carbon dust and oxygen reaction generation CO, CO and portion of flux using generation make furnace of calcium carbide top
Foamed slag is formed, calcium lime powder and carbon dust are caught using foamed slag, reaction is carried out in foamed slag.The calcium carbide of formation is by discharging
Mouth is discharged to cooling in calcium carbide pot.Calcium carbide composition such as following table:
Table 4
Composition |
CaC2 |
CaO |
SiO2 |
MgO |
Fe2O3+Al2O3 |
C |
Content % |
85.3 |
9.5 |
2.1 |
0.35 |
1.45 |
1.2 |
The flue gas exit temperature of the hot method furnace of calcium carbide 7 of oxygen is controlled at 1500 DEG C or so, and the pyrolysis gas of adjustable pyrolysis oven 3 go out
Mouth temperature is 800 DEG C or so.
The pyrolysis gas of adjustable pyrolysis oven pyrolysis gas outlet reenter the hot method furnace of calcium carbide of oxygen and burn by EGR,
The partial heat that reaction needs is provided.
Pyrolysis gas composition such as following table:
Table 5
Composition |
H2 |
CH4 |
CO |
CO2 |
O2 |
N2 |
CnHm |
Ratio (V%) |
26 |
27 |
10 |
28 |
1 |
2 |
6 |
Wherein, the M in table 3adRepresent air-dried moisture;AadRepresentative dries base ash content;VadAir-dried basis is represented to wave
Hair point;FCadRepresent air-dried basis fixed carbon.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, agstone and coal dust effectively can be generated calcium carbide by the technical solution of the utility model,
And rationally make use of pyrolysis gas.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example,
And not to the restriction of implementation method.For those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And thus
Among the obvious change or variation amplified out are still in protection domain of the present utility model.