CN206189362U - Import of tidal reach fishway - Google Patents
Import of tidal reach fishway Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN206189362U CN206189362U CN201621256087.XU CN201621256087U CN206189362U CN 206189362 U CN206189362 U CN 206189362U CN 201621256087 U CN201621256087 U CN 201621256087U CN 206189362 U CN206189362 U CN 206189362U
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- Prior art keywords
- fish pass
- water level
- tide
- water
- fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an import of tidal reach fishway, including the fishway of setting in the water retaining structure low reaches, its characterized in that, the fishway sets up a plurality of fishways entry according to the correlation of water retaining structure in tidal reach's position and the position of tidewater fluctuation. The utility model discloses utilize tidal flow principle and tidal reach hydraulic characteristic(s), establish the tide and feel the rising tide ebb tide model of section, calculate all kinds of tidal ranges and tide water level situation of change through the model, rethread fishway import section water conservancy characteristic computing confirms the best fishway entry position of various tidal level, with the flow that adapts to different tidal flows, the flow direction and water -level fluctuation, the efficiency of the fish is crossed to the fishway is improved, reduce the separation influence of river mouth water conservancy project construction to fish, it is significant to protection or restoration river ecology environment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to a kind of tidal reach fish pass import, is a kind of hydraulic facility, is that one kind is used for the fishes such as fish pass
Class crosses the facility of dam technology, the protection of fish resources, river ecosystem restoration.
Background technology
The critical facility that fish pass passes through artificial gate dam as aquatic animals such as straddling fish stocks, to coordinating Dam Construction with ecology
The contradiction of environment plays an important role, by setting fish pass on water retaining structure, to meet tracing back or dropping for migration fishes
River requires.However, at present in existing fish pass, fish smoothly pass through rate less than 50%, and main cause is exactly that fish cannot overcome water
The current obstacle that stream flow velocity and fluidised form are caused to it：On the one hand it is the current obstacle of fish pass pond chamber interior；On the other hand it is fish pass
Current obstacle near import.For the current problem on obstacle of fish pass pond chamber interior, it has been proposed that water tank type, vertical seam type, gear
The various forms of fish pass such as board-like, plain type, fishway and fish lock, every kind of fish pass forms different flow conditions, to adapt to difference
Fish pass through the water retaining structures such as gate dam.For the current problem on obstacle near fish pass import, due to the fish one traced back
As there is the action habit traced back of adverse current, how to create the fluidised form and velocity flow profile near fish pass import, fish is assembled
In fish pass import Its Adjacent Waters, fish pass import and be one of key issue of fish pass success or not into fish pass is smoothly found.
Letdown flow of the fish pass import water level typically with water retaining structure that is set on river, fish pass its own traffic have
Close, can be directly calculated by the level-flow relation curve of fish pass admission section.But, set in tidal reach
Fish pass, nearby the hydraulics such as the discharge of river, water level, flow velocity are not only relevant with estuarine works earial drainage and fish pass flow for its import,
It is also relevant with tidal current, the characteristics of with cyclic fluctuation.The fish pass phase set with river middle and upper reaches not subject to tidal flow
Than in addition to considering integrated engineering and running the downstream flow condition to be formed, in addition it is also necessary to consider the stream of the upstream and downstream that tidal current causes
To change and the water-level fluctuation changing factor of vertical direction, so being more difficult to control.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the utility model proposes a kind of tidal reach fish pass import.Described fish
Flow, flow direction and the water level that road import using tidal current principle and tidal reach hydraulic characteristic(s), will adapt to different tidal currents become
Change, improve fish pass and cross fish efficiency, reduce obstruct influence of the river mouth hydraulic engineering construction on fish.
What the purpose of this utility model was realized in：A kind of tidal reach fish pass import, including it is arranged on dash building
The fish pass in thing downstream, the fish pass is according to water retaining structure in the position of tidal reach and the correlation of the position of tidewater fluctuation
Multiple fish pass entrances are set.
Further, described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure is arranged on section below High Water Neaps line, correspondence
Spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level, neap ebb tide water level and normal river water level, are respectively provided with spring tide ebb tide water level fish
Road entrance, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, neap ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, normal four fish pass of river water level fish pass entrance
Entrance.
Further, described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure is arranged on middle damp high-water mark and High Water Neaps line
Between section, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level and normal river water level are respectively provided with spring tide ebb tide water level fish
Road entrance, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, normal three fish pass entrances of river water level fish pass entrance.
Further, described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure is arranged on high water spring line and middle damp high-water mark
Between section, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level and normal river water level are respectively provided with spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance and normal
Two fish pass entrances of river water level fish pass entrance.
Further, described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure is arranged on high water spring line above section, by just
Normal river water level sets fish pass entrance.
The utility model produce beneficial effect be：The utility model is special using tidal current principle and tidal reach waterpower
Property, the flux and reflux model of tide sense section is set up, all kinds of tidal ranges and tide water level situation of change are calculated by model, then by fish pass
Admission section Calculation of hydraulic characteristics determines the optimal fish pass entrance location of various tidal level, to adapt to flow, the stream of different tidal currents
To and SEA LEVEL VARIATION, improve fish pass and cross fish efficiency, reduce obstruct influence of the river mouth hydraulic engineering construction on fish, for protection or
Repair river ecological environment significant.
Brief description of the drawings
The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is spring tide, middle tide, neap in different section average discharge schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the fish pass import schematic diagram described in embodiment of the present utility model two, three；
Fig. 3 is the fish pass import schematic diagram described in embodiment of the present utility model two, four；
Fig. 4 is the fish pass import schematic diagram described in embodiment of the present utility model two, five.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is a kind of tidal reach fish pass inlet design method.
The flow condition near the fish pass import that tidal reach is set（Flow, water level, flow velocity and flow direction）By main body
The combined influence of the earial drainage, the flow of fish pass itself and downstream tidal reach tidal current of engineering.Dash work is built in tidal reach
Cheng Hou, during flood tide, tidewater originally can be traced back to lock site upstream, but because retaining works stops that tidewater is traced back, thus produce
Raw harmony water effect, raises tide water level.Therefore, when fish pass import water level is designed, the flow and water level of fish pass import upstream and downstream are needed
Consider the collective effect of the letdown flow of flow, major project and the fish pass of tidal current, need to be by being calculated.Methods described
The step of it is as follows：
（One）The step of typical tidewater process choosing：For the fish migration month over the years according to actual measurement series long by when
Tide water level, obtains the tidal range of corresponding flood tide and ebb tide, further according to the type of Pearson came III（Pearson Type III）Probability distribution
Model calculates spring tide, middle tide and neap range, described Pearson Type III probability Distribution Models：
In formula, Γ（α）ForαGamma function, y is space variable,α、β、a 0Respectively Pearson came III type probability distribution
Shape yardstick and location parameter,α＞ 0,β＞ 0.
During the typical tidewater process of selection, it is considered to major parameter be that tidal range and tidal wave last.Generally, single tidal wave
Last with very strong stability.Therefore, tidal range mainly according to corresponding to flood tide and ebb tide selects typical tidewater process.Root
Factually survey series long fish migration month over the years by when tide water level, obtain the tidal range of corresponding flood tide and ebb tide.Further according to
The probability Distribution Model of Pearson Type III calculates spring tide（Such as 10%）, middle tide（Such as 50%）And neap（Such as 90%）Tide
Difference.
（Two）The step of tide water level is calculated：For the flood tide difference drawn according to statistical analysis and tidal fall and many annuals
Tide water level, chooses fish migration month typical case's spring tide, middle tide, the tide water level of neap in the field data of tidal level station.
（Three）The step of fish pass admission section Calculation of hydraulic characteristics：For by one-dimensional hydraulic model, being calculated sense
The hydraulic characteristic parameter of damp section includes：Flow, flow velocity and the depth of water, wherein, flow, flow velocity and water level are divided into spring tide, middle damp, small
Two kinds of situations of flood tide and ebb tide of tide, one-dimensional hydraulic model equation group is as follows：
In formula：AActive cross-section area is represented,QRepresent flow,q l Represent that side flows in or out water flow,VRepresent water
Flow section mean flow rate,gRepresent acceleration of gravity,zRepresent water level,S f Flow energy is represented than drop,tRepresent time variable,xTable
Show space variable.
（1）One-dimensional hydraulic model upper boundary conditions：
The coboundary of zoning provides constant flow.Section where the water retaining structure of model coboundary is built using dash
Build thing letdown flow.
（2）One-dimensional hydraulic model downstream condition：
The lower boundary of zoning chooses water level process.The flood tide difference and tidal fall that are drawn according to statistical analysis and for many years
Average tide water level, i.e., typical spring tide, middle tide, the tide water level of neap within fish migration period.
Fig. 1 shows, average discharge of the large, medium and small tide in different section.Show nearer apart from river mouth section in Fig. 1, ebb tide
Average discharge with flood tide is all bigger.In addition, either ebb tide or flood tide, the flow that the bigger tidewater process of tidal range is caused is more
Greatly, illustrate to be determined by tidewater flow near the discharge of river of River Mouth.
（Four）The step of fish pass import arrangement and water level are designed：For the tide water level result of calculation according to hydraulic model and
The correlation of water retaining structure set location, selects elevation and the position of fish pass import.
Tide water level result of calculation according to hydraulic model, selects suitable elevation and the position of fish pass import.Due to fish
Ecological habit with adverse current swimming, therefore water (flow) direction is traced back in the opposite direction, and during flood tide with fish during ebb tide
Water (flow) direction traces back that direction is identical with fish, therefore the fish pass import method for arranging of tidal reach is considered only during ebb tide.
It can be seen from Fig. 1, in the discharge of river of water retaining structure section, the ratio of tidewater flow is gradually reduced, water retaining structure
Letdown flow ratio gradually increases.
（Five）The step of determining each parameter of fish pass import：For selecting straddling fish stocks to drop river migration and anadromous migration period allusion quotation
Type tide water level, and according to the tide water level result of calculation of hydraulic model, fish pass inlet design water level is selected, and according to hydraulics
The tide water level result of calculation of model, selects suitable elevation and the position of fish pass import.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment be a kind of design according to embodiment in tidal reach fish pass import, including be arranged on dash
The fish pass 2 in the downstream of building 1, the fish pass is according to water retaining structure in the position of the position of tidal reach 3 and tidewater fluctuation
Correlation sets multiple fish pass entrances, as shown in Figure 2,3, 4.The leftmost side is water retaining structure upstream in figure, and the rightmost side is river
Mouthful, under water retaining structure sluicing position 14 in the case where no tidewater is disturbed, as river course ordinary water level.
The present embodiment according to the tidewater fluctuation situation calculated in the case of multiple of embodiment, and according to these situation cloth
Put the position of fish pass import.Fish pass import described in the present embodiment, is not water logging of the simple fish pass in tidewater change procedure
Part, but the fish pass import with certain measure for fish crossing and shelves facilities for fish's passage, to help fish to enter correct fish pass, it is to avoid wrong
Misdirecting and cause death.Therefore, being arranged on the position of eagre according to water retaining structure, point four kinds of situations set fish pass and enter
Mouthful（For the ease of analysis, " fish pass import " and " fish pass entrance " two concepts are set, wherein, " fish pass import " represents overall fish
The concept at road junction, " fish pass entrance " represents the concept of single fish pass mouthful）：
（1）When water retaining structure is arranged on section below High Water Neaps line, the fish pass import of section is subject to spring tide, middle tide
With the influence of neap, fish pass entrance is set according to spring tide, middle tide and neap point water level.
（2）When water retaining structure is arranged on section between middle damp high-water mark and High Water Neaps line, by spring tide and middle tide
Influence, according to spring tide and it is middle tide point water level set fish pass entrance.
（3）When water retaining structure is arranged on section between high water spring line and middle damp high-water mark, the shadow of spring tide is only subject to
Ring, fish pass entrance is set according to spring tide point water level.
（4）When water retaining structure is arranged on high water spring line above section, water retaining structure is not by tidal flow
Influence, sets fish pass entrance, i.e., according to a conventional method：According to normal river water level, fish pass entrance is set.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement that embodiment two is arranged on fish pass import.The present embodiment institute
The fish pass stated is：Water retaining structure is arranged on High Water Neaps line section below 6, the fish pass import of section be subject to spring tide, middle tide and
The influence of neap, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level 9, middle ebb tide water level 8, neap ebb tide water level 7 and normal river water level 14, point
Bu Zhi not spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 12, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 11, neap ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 10, just
Normal river water level fish pass 13 4 fish pass entrances of entrance.
As shown in Fig. 2 the fish pass import of the section is influenceed by spring tide, middle tide and neap, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level,
Middle ebb tide water level, neap ebb tide water level and normal river water level, are respectively arranged spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, middle ebb
Four fish pass entrances such as tide water level fish pass entrance, neap ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, normal river water level fish pass entrance, so as to fish
Road operation adapts to ebb tide process.I.e.：Changed according to river water level during ebb tide, the fish pass entrance of equivalent water level is opened in selection,
Other fish pass entrances are closed, so that fish can enter fish pass under suitable depth condition.Corresponding spring tide ebb tide water level, middle tide
Ebb tide water level, neap ebb tide water level and normal river water level are fish pass entry design water level.
Example IV：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement that embodiment two is arranged on fish pass import.The present embodiment institute
The fish pass stated is：Water retaining structure is arranged on section between middle damp high-water mark 5 and High Water Neaps line 6, and the fish pass import of section is received
To the influence of spring tide and middle tide, fish pass import do not influenceed by neap, correspondingly spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level and just
Normal river water level, is respectively arranged spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 16, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 15, normal urban river water
Position fish pass 17 3 fish pass entrances of entrance.
As shown in figure 3, the fish pass import of the section, fish pass import is not influenceed by neap.Now, correspondence spring tide ebb tide
Water level, middle ebb tide water level and normal river water level, are respectively arranged three fish pass entrances, so that fish pass operation adapts to ebb tide mistake
Journey.That is, changed according to river water level during ebb tide, the fish pass entrance of equivalent water level is opened in selection, closes other fish pass entrances,
So that fish can enter fish pass under suitable depth condition.Corresponding spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level and normal
River water level is fish pass entry design water level.
Embodiment five：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement that embodiment two is arranged on fish pass import.The present embodiment institute
The fish pass stated is：Water retaining structure is arranged on section between high water spring line 4 and middle damp high-water mark 5, and the fish pass import of section is received
To the influence of spring tide, fish pass import is not influenceed by middle tide and neap, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level and normal river water level,
It is respectively arranged spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance 18 and normal 19 two fish pass entrances of river water level fish pass entrance.
As shown in figure 4, the fish pass import of the section is influenceed by spring tide, fish pass import is not subject to the shadow of middle tide and neap
Ring.Now, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level and normal river water level, is respectively arranged two imports, so that fish pass operation adaptation falls
Damp process.That is, changed according to river water level during ebb tide, the fish pass entrance of equivalent water level is opened in selection, closes other fish pass
Entrance, so that fish can enter fish pass under suitable depth condition.Corresponding spring tide ebb tide water level and normal river water level
As fish pass inlet design water level.
Embodiment six：
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the refinement that embodiment two is arranged on fish pass import.The present embodiment institute
The fish pass stated is：Water retaining structure is arranged on high water spring line above section, and water retaining structure is not influenceed by tidal flow,
By normal river water level, fish pass entrance is set.
Finally it should be noted that being only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model above and unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
Good arrangement has been described in detail to the utility model, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this reality
With new technical scheme（The such as form of fish pass or fish pass entrance, the utilization of various formula, sequencing of step etc.）Enter
Row modification or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solutions of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of tidal reach fish pass import, including the fish pass for being arranged on water retaining structure downstream, it is characterised in that the fish pass
Correlation according to water retaining structure in the position of tidal reach and the position of tidewater fluctuation sets multiple fish pass entrances.
2. fish pass import according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure
It is arranged on section below High Water Neaps line, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level, neap ebb tide water level and normal river
Road water level, is respectively provided with spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, neap ebb tide water level fish pass and enters
Mouth, normal four fish pass entrances of river water level fish pass entrance.
3. fish pass import according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure
It is arranged on section between damp high-water mark and High Water Neaps line, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level, middle ebb tide water level and normal river
Road water level, is respectively provided with spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, middle ebb tide water level fish pass entrance, normal river water level fish pass entrance
Three fish pass entrances.
4. fish pass import according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure
Section between high water spring line and middle damp high-water mark is arranged on, correspondence spring tide ebb tide water level and normal river water level set respectively
Put spring tide ebb tide water level fish pass entrance and normal two fish pass entrances of river water level fish pass entrance.
5. fish pass import according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fish pass entrance location is：Water retaining structure
High water spring line above section is arranged on, fish pass entrance is set by normal river water level.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621256087.XU CN206189362U (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Import of tidal reach fishway |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621256087.XU CN206189362U (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Import of tidal reach fishway |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN206189362U true CN206189362U (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=58727489
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621256087.XU Expired - Fee Related CN206189362U (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Import of tidal reach fishway |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN206189362U (en) |
-
2016
- 2016-11-23 CN CN201621256087.XU patent/CN206189362U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20170524 Termination date: 20201123 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |