CN206155451U - Railway hopper car - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway hopper car, including automobile body, top cap, bogie, arresting gear and coupling buffer to and install bottom door and the end door switching mechanism in chassis bottom discharge opening department, and include still that it sets up in automobile body central authorities and along automobile body longitudinal arrangement's vertical saddle to press length direction, through increasing saddle from north to south, eliminate both the order requirements when closing of left bottom door and right bottom door, thereby simplified door switching mechanism's at the bottom of the coordinated type structure, reduce its manufacturing, cost of maintenance, indulge the horizontal width L in saddle bottom through adjusting, the corresponding dead weight that lightens the bottom door has reduced the bottom door power of closing, has further improved switching performance, has realized the regulating controlling that unloads the volume of goods flow. In addition, the top cap adopts the double -layer top cover who comprises the detachable fixed top cap and the moving top cover that can open, and effective increasing has the accommodation of cover hopper car and loading the goods, and it has the requirement of cover the hopper car multiple goods of loading and adapting to multiple ground charging apparatus to satisfy.

Description

Railway hopper car

Technical field

This utility model is related to railway transport vehicle field, and in particular to a kind of railway hopper car.

Background technology

Railway hopper car is for shipping the disseminated values such as coal, Ore, sandstone, clinker and salt and can realize self-unloading With the rolling stock of drive-through dumping function.At present, with vehicle lengthwise direction as longitudinal direction, width be horizontal, and with to track Central authorities' unloading unloads in being, is side dumping to the unloading of track both sides, and the bottom door of railway hopper car is broadly divided into following several versions, The vertical saddle side dumping Longitudinal structure of band, without unload in vertical saddle Longitudinal structure and in unload transverse type structure, meanwhile, according to different structure type The bottom door of formula, using corresponding top cover switching mechanism and control system.

It is illustrated in figure 1 and unloads Longitudinal bottom door structure, including car body 6, left bottom door 25, right bottom door 28 and bottom door without in vertical saddle Switching mechanism 23, left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 are arranged symmetrically by length direction along the longitudinal centre line of car body 6, are unloaded installed in car body Material mouth bottom, and at closed position each other along the longitudinal elongated overlap joint of car body.Left bottom door and right bottom door are joined using master and slave one Dynamic formula switching mechanism is opened and closed, wherein being active bottom door with the door of opening and closing cylinders, another door is driven bottom door.

Because the closing sequence of active bottom door and driven bottom door is change at random, therefore, be ensure bottom door close when from In upper, active bottom door under, bottom door opening and closing mechanism must set up driven bottom door closing sequence cylinder 26 or sequence unit to dynamic bottom door, such as Shown in Fig. 1, but, so cause complex structure, serviceability to reduce.In addition, the vehicle larger for broad gage equal in width, Bottom door width dimensions are also corresponding larger, and cannot adjust, and lower vehicle gauge can be invaded when causing bottom door to fully open, it is impossible to full The safety requirements of sufficient vehicle operation.Furthermore, the bottom door unloading aperture of vehicle is substantially determined by vehicle width, is caused long in vehicle Under conditions of degree and width determine, the discharge flow rate of vehicle cannot be adjusted, and so as to be difficult in adapt to different capabilities ground facility is switched through Matching require.Finally, under conditions of Vehicle length and width determine, bottom door width is big, causes deadweight also big, increased bottom The closing forces of door, cause bottom door usually to close not in place because closing forces are not enough.

In addition, for shipment needs the vehicle of rainwater-proof, sand and dust and other dity cargoes, car body top to be provided with movable top Lid.Therefore, railway covered hopper car and railway open hopper wagon are generally divided into by structural shape, and the top of railway covered hopper car Cover as monolayer top cover, including the removable top cover that action is opened and closed by top cover switching mechanism and with car body connect as one can Dismountable fixed roof, on detachable fixed roof charging door is left.At present, various railway hopper car is according to loading facility bar Part and shipment cargo characteristics adopt corresponding cap structure pattern, each vehicle to be typically dedicated to one kind or similar characteristic goods Loading transport so that shipment type of merchandize it is relatively simple, the suitability is low.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is aiming at the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, there is provided a kind of simple structure, switching performance it is good and The railway hopper car of highly versatile, lifts the applicable performance of railway hopper car, realizes that a kind of vehicle can ship various different qualities Goods, so as to adapt to various different loading facility conditions.

For achieving the above object, the railway hopper car designed by this utility model, including car body and the top installed in car body Top cover at portion's opening, and the bogie under vehicle body bottom frame, brake unit and coupler and draft gear are installed in, and be arranged on Bottom door and bottom door opening and closing mechanism at underframe bottom discharge openings, the bottom door includes being installed in rotation on car body discharge port bottom Left bottom door and right bottom door, the left bottom door and the right bottom door be arranged symmetrically by length direction along car body longitudinal centre line, also Including the vertical saddle for being arranged on car body central authorities by length direction and be longitudinally arranged along car body, the vertical knee roll includes two side plates, connection Saddle bend at the top of two side plates and the lower-edge beam being separately positioned on below side plate interior sides face, the two ends of two side plates are respectively It is fixed on the end plate of the car body discharge port by the end connecting plate at discharge port two ends；The bottom door opening and closing mechanism drives described Left bottom door and the right bottom door rotate make the left bottom door inside edge and the right bottom door inside edge respectively with the vertical saddle The lower-edge beam overlap joint of both sides is disengaged；

The top cover is bi-layer tip cap, and the bi-layer tip cap includes fixed roof, removable top cover and top cover switching mechanism, institute State fixed roof to be detachably connected with the top open part of car body, the removable top cover is by the top cover switching mechanism and car body Top open part be flexibly connected；The top cover switching mechanism is fixedly connected on the rocking bar of the removable top cover end including one end And the rocker bearing being connected with the rocking bar other end by bearing pin, the rocker bearing is fixed on the headwall of car body.

Further, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes second connecting rod, the company that first connecting rod and the first connecting rod are hinged The 3rd company that the fork and the fork that the drive cylinder and the drive cylinder being connected on the car body end carriage is hinged is hinged Bar and the power transmission shaft affixed with the first connecting rod；The second connecting rod is hinged with the left bottom door, the power transmission shaft with it is described Right bottom door two ends are hinged, and the tailpiece of the piston rod of the drive cylinder is hinged with one end of the fork, the other end of the fork with The third connecting rod is hinged, and the other end of the third connecting rod is affixed with the power transmission shaft；The third connecting rod and the transmission The fulcrum of axle connection, the fulcrum that is connected with the power transmission shaft of the first connecting rod and the power transmission shaft with it is described What right bottom door was formed is hinged central point coincidence.

Further, the fixed roof includes framework, installs cover plate architecturally, opens up charging door on the cover board And the suspension ring for being used for lifting are arranged on the cover plate, the edge of the framework is mounted by means of bolts on vehicle body side wall top On the outer edge for stretching out；The both ends of the framework are tightly connected with the headwall of the car body using rubber gasket, institute State rubber gasket and the end edge of the framework be weldingly fixed on along upper by dovetail channel, and the edge of the framework with it is described Side seal pad is lined between outer edge, the side seal pad is by rivet on the edge of the framework.

Further, the edge of the framework is L-type beam, and the L-type beam includes widthwise edge and vertical side, the widthwise edge It is mounted by means of bolts on the outer edge that vehicle body side wall top stretches out, between the vertical side and vehicle body side wall inwall Leave gap.

Further, the top longitudinal direction two ends of the left bottom door are respectively hinged at two of the end carriage lower surface side and hang On ear, and the longitudinally outboard edge of the left bottom door contacts with the curb girder of the car body side；Indulge at the top of the right bottom door Be respectively hinged on two hangers of the end carriage lower surface opposite side to two ends, and the longitudinally outboard edge of the right bottom door with The curb girder of the car body opposite side contacts.

Further, some dividing plates are lined between described two side plates of vertical saddle length direction.

Further, the transverse width of the left bottom door and the right bottom door and the vertical saddle bottom transverse width are into anti- Than.

Further, the removable top cover opens removable top cover or double-side opening removable top cover for unilateral.

Compared with prior art, this utility model has advantages below：

1st, by increasing vertical saddle, sequence requirement when both left bottom door and right bottom door are closed is eliminated, therefore, eliminate existing There is the order cylinder or sequence unit in coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism, so as to simplify the knot of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism Structure, reduces its manufacture, maintenance cost, further improves its serviceability；

2nd, under conditions of Vehicle length and width determine, left bottom door is adjusted by the vertical saddle bottom transverse width L of adjustment With the transverse width of right bottom door and aperture when opening, the bottom door on the one hand solving the larger vehicle of broad gage equal in width opening entirely When invade the problem of lower vehicle gauge, on the other hand accordingly alleviate the deadweight of bottom door, reduce bottom door closing forces, further Switching performance is improved, furthermore, the adjustment control of discharge flow rate is realized, improve vehicle adaptation different capabilities ground and switch through facility Ability；

3rd, for the changeless vehicle such as condition and delivery goods, can select and there is the bottom matched with vehicle The vertical saddle of transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ parameters；And for the vehicle of various utilization conditions and delivery goods is suitable for, can select The vertical saddle of various bottom transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ parameter specifications, correspondence is different to be carried out more with condition and delivery goods Change so that the versatility of railway hopper car is higher；

4th, using the bi-layer tip cap being made up of dismountable fixed roof and openable removable top cover, lid has been effectively increased it Hopper wagon loads the subject range of goods, by changing the fixed roof of different types loading hatch or directly removing fixed roof, Meet covered hopper car to load various goods and adapt to the requirement of multiple types of floors charging apparatus, it is different special so as to increase vehicle shipment Property goods species, strengthen the ability that various goods load facility conditions that adapts to, realize that a car is multiplex, the suitable of vehicle is substantially improved With performance, further improve the transport of vehicle and use benefit.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of bottom door of railway hopper car in prior art；

Fig. 2 is this utility model railway hopper car structural representation；

Fig. 3 is bi-layer tip cap mounting structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is a kind of example structure schematic diagram of removable top cover in Fig. 3；

Fig. 5 is another kind of example structure schematic diagram of removable top cover in Fig. 3；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of fixed roof in Fig. 3；

Fig. 7 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of this utility model fixed roof and car body；

Fig. 8 is the structure scheme of installation of fixed roof and side seal pad in Fig. 7；

Fig. 9 is the structure scheme of installation of fixed roof and rubber gasket in Fig. 7；

Figure 10 is this utility model bottom door of railway hopper car lateral arrangement structure and closed mode schematic diagram；

Figure 11 is this utility model bottom door of railway hopper car lateral arrangement structure and opening schematic diagram；

Figure 12 is longitudinally arranged structural representation for this utility model bottom door of railway hopper car；

Figure 13 is that saddle lateral arrangement structural representation is indulged in this utility model；

Figure 14 is to indulge saddle in this utility model to be longitudinally arranged structural representation.

Each part numbers are as follows in figure：Fixed roof 1, removable top cover 2, top cover switching mechanism 3, headwall 4, side wall 5, car body 6th, bearing pin 7, rocking bar 8, rocker bearing 9, framework 10, L-type beam 11, cover plate 12, charging door 13, suspension ring 14, widthwise edge 15, vertical side 16th, side seal pad 17, outer edge 18, rivet 19, bi-layer tip cap 20, brake unit 21, coupler and draft gear 22, bottom door opening and closing machine Structure 23, bogie 24, left bottom door 25, order cylinder 26, end connecting plate 27, right bottom door 28, curb girder 29, end carriage 30, vertical (its of saddle 31 In：Side plate 31.1, saddle bend 31.2, lower-edge beam 31.3, dividing plate 31.4), hanger 32, second connecting rod 33, fork 34, first connecting rod 35th, drive cylinder 36, left bottom door inside edge 37, right bottom door inside edge 38, power transmission shaft 39, third connecting rod 40, rubber seal Pad 41, dovetail channel 42.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the utility model is described in further detail with specific embodiment.

Railway hopper car as shown in Figure 2, including the top cover of car body 6 and the top open part installed in car body 6, and pacify Bogie 24 on the underframe of car body 6, brake unit 21 and coupler and draft gear 22 are mounted in, and installed in underframe bottom discharge Bottom door and bottom door opening and closing mechanism 23 at mouthful, bogie 24, brake unit 21 and coupler and draft gear 22 belong in the present embodiment In prior art.In addition, the side wall 5 of car body 6 and headwall 4 form top top loading hatch elongated longitudinally along the vehicle (opening Mouthful), structure and interface and the cap structure of loading hatch match, it is ensured that vehicle roof is sealed；Underframe bottom is provided with single or many Individual bell mouth.

With reference to shown in Figure 10,11,12, bottom door includes being installed in rotation on the He of left bottom door 25 of the discharge port bottom of car body 6 Right bottom door 28, and the bottom door opening and closing mechanism 23 of bottom door is opened, and left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 press length direction along car body 6 Longitudinal centre line is arranged symmetrically, so as to realize unloading in track centre.Key point of the present utility model is：Also include by length Direction is arranged on the central authorities of car body 6 and the vertical saddle 31 being longitudinally arranged along car body, the vertical saddle 31 by discharge port be separated into left discharge port and Right discharge port.With reference to shown in Figure 13,14, indulging saddle 31 includes two side plates 31.1, the saddle bend at the top of two side plates of connection 31.1 31.2 and the lower-edge beam 31.3 that is separately positioned on below the medial surface of side plate 31.1, two inclination alphas of side plate 31.1 are in the present embodiment Acute angle, preferably 60 °～75 °.The two ends of two side plates 31.1 are respectively fixed on by the end connecting plate 27 at discharge port two ends On the end plate of car body 6, that is, indulge the horizontal one end welding of saddle 31 or be bolted on the end connecting plate 27 of the end plate side of car body 6, The horizontal other end welding of vertical saddle 31 is bolted on the end connecting plate 27 of the end plate opposite side of car body 6, and two end connections Weld with the end plate of car body 6 at the top of plate 27；Further, since length over ends of body direction is long, so as to cause the length of vertical saddle Direction is also long, in order to strengthen the mechanical strength of vertical saddle, therefore, it is lined between vertical saddle 31 length direction, two side plates some Dividing plate 31.4.

The suspension type of left bottom door 25 is arranged on the positive bottom of left discharge port of car body 6, is longitudinally arranged along car body 6 by length direction, And the lower surface one of end carriage 30 laterally has two hangers 32, the top of left bottom door 25 is inserted between two hangers 32, meanwhile, The longitudinal two ends of left bottom door 25 are respectively hinged on two hangers 32 of the lower surface side of end carriage 30 so that left bottom door 25 can be around being hinged Point to the interior outside of car body 6 rotates, also, the longitudinally outboard edge of left bottom door 25 contacts with the curb girder 29 of the side of car body 6；Together Reason, the suspension type of right bottom door 28 is arranged on the positive bottom of right discharge port of car body 6, is longitudinally arranged along car body 6 by length direction, and end carriage 30 lower surface opposite sides also are provided with downwards two hangers 32, and the top of right bottom door 28 is inserted between two hangers 32, meanwhile, it is right The longitudinal two ends of bottom door 28 are respectively hinged on two hangers 32 of the lower surface opposite side of end carriage 30 so that right bottom door 28 can be around being hinged Point to the interior outside of car body 6 rotates, also, the longitudinally outboard edge of right bottom door 28 contacts with the curb girder 29 of the opposite side of car body 6.

Bottom door opening and closing mechanism 23 drives left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 outside into car body 6 to rotate in this utility model, makes Left bottom door inside edge 37 and right bottom door inside edge 38 overlap or disengage with the lower-edge beam 31.3 of the both sides of vertical saddle 31 respectively, i.e., left Bottom door inside edge 37 overlaps or disengages with the lower-edge beam 31.3 in the left side of vertical saddle 31, on the right side of right bottom door inside edge 38 and vertical saddle 31 Lower-edge beam 31.3 overlap or disengage, so as to complete turning off or on for bottom door, realize unloading automatically.Bottom door is opened in the present embodiment Close the second connecting rod 33 that mechanism 23 is hinged including first connecting rod 35 and first connecting rod 35, the driving being connected on the end carriage 30 of car body 6 Third connecting rod 40 that the fork 34 and fork 34 that cylinder 36 and drive cylinder 36 are hinged is hinged and affixed with first connecting rod 35 Power transmission shaft 39；Second connecting rod 33 is hinged with left bottom door 25, and power transmission shaft 39 is hinged with the two ends of right bottom door 28, the piston of drive cylinder 36 Rod end is hinged with one end of fork 34, and the other end and the third connecting rod 40 of fork 34 are hinged, the other end and the biography of third connecting rod 40 Moving axis 39 is affixed；What fulcrum that third connecting rod 40 is connected with power transmission shaft 39, first connecting rod 35 were connected with power transmission shaft 39 turns The central point that is hinged that dynamic central point and power transmission shaft 39 are formed with right bottom door 28 overlaps.

When left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 in the closed position, as shown in Figure 10, left bottom door inside edge 37 and vertical saddle 31 left side lower-edge beam 31.3 along the elongated contact in the longitudinal direction of car body 6, meanwhile, the outer ledge of left bottom door 25 and the side of the side of car body 6 Beam 29 is still longitudinally elongated to contact, so as to left discharge port be closed；In the same manner, under right bottom door inside edge 38 and the right side of vertical saddle 31 Side bar 31.3 along the elongated contact in the longitudinal direction of car body 6, meanwhile, outer ledge and the curb girder 29 of the opposite side of car body 6 of right bottom door 28 are still indulged Contact to elongated, so as to right discharge port be closed.When i.e. left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 in the closed position, the He of left bottom door 25 Right bottom door 28 is simply overlapped respectively with the lower-edge beam 31.3 of the both sides of vertical saddle 31, and left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 do not connect each other Touch.Therefore, either left bottom door 25 is front, or right bottom door 28 is front, impact will not be interfered, so as to eliminate both Sequence requirement during closing, eliminates the order cylinder 26 or sequence unit in existing bottom door opening and closing mechanism 23, so as to simplify The structure of bottom door opening and closing mechanism, reduces its manufacture, maintenance cost, further improves its serviceability.

When left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 are in full open position, as shown in figure 11, left bottom door inside edge 37 with it is vertical The left side lower-edge beam 31.3 of saddle 31 is disengaged, so as to left discharge port be opened, right bottom door inside edge 38 and the right side lower-edge beam of vertical saddle 31 31.3 disengage, so as to right discharge port be opened；After left discharge port and right discharge port are opened, goods relies on deadweight, in left bottom door 25 Stream is unloaded under being oriented to the left and right side plate 31.1 of the door-plate of right bottom door 28 and vertical saddle 31 to track centre.

In addition, under conditions of the transverse width of car body 6 determines, the transverse width of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 and vertical saddle 31 Bottom transverse width L is inversely proportional to, and the vertical bottom transverse width L of saddle 31 is bigger, and the transverse width of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 is less. Therefore, by the vertical bottom transverse width L of saddle 31 of adjustment, the transverse width of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 is can adjust, solves broad gauge Bottom door away from the larger vehicle of equal in width invades the problem of lower vehicle gauge in full opening.Meanwhile, by reducing left bottom door 25 Mitigate its deadweight with the transverse width of right bottom door 28, to reduce its opening and closing resistance switching performance is improved.

When left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 in an open position, the door-plate of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 and the both sides of vertical saddle 31 Lower-edge beam 31.3 between minimum range be bottom door aperture, car body 6 discharge port width determine under conditions of, bottom door is opened Degree is inversely proportional to the bottom transverse width L of vertical saddle 31, and L is bigger, and the aperture of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28 is less.Therefore, by adjusting The bottom transverse width L of whole vertical saddle 31, can adjust the aperture of left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28, realize the adjustment control of discharge flow rate, Improve vehicle and adapt to the ability that facility is switched through on different capabilities ground.

Its bottom transverse width L of vertical saddle 31 and the inclination angle ɑ of side plate 31.1 can be changed according to the needs of vehicle, so as to be formed The specification series of various bottom transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ.For with the changeless car such as condition and delivery goods , can select the vertical saddle 31 with the bottom transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ parameters matched with vehicle；It is various for being suitable for With condition and the vehicle of delivery goods, the vertical saddle 31 of various bottom transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ parameter specifications is can select, Correspondence is different to be changed with condition and delivery goods, i.e., vertical saddle is with bolts with car body, detachable difference The vertical saddle 31 of specification, so as to obtain different discharge port width, different discharge flow rates are realized, to meet vehicle transport difference goods Thing and adaptation Different Ground switch through the requirement of facility capacity.

In sum, it is adjustable by the vertical bottom transverse width L of saddle 31 of adjustment under conditions of the determination of the transverse width of car body 6 The aperture when transverse width and opening of whole left bottom door 25 and right bottom door 28, so as to accordingly mitigate deadweight, improves switching performance, and Realize the adjustment control of discharge flow rate；In addition, for the changeless vehicle such as condition and delivery goods, can select and have The bottom transverse width L matched with vehicle and the vertical saddle 31 of side plate inclination angle ɑ parameters；And for applicable various utilization conditions and fortune The vehicle of loading thing, can select the vertical saddle 31 of various bottom transverse width L and side plate inclination angle ɑ parameter specifications, the different fortune of correspondence Changed with condition and delivery goods.

In addition, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, this utility model top cover is bi-layer tip cap 20, bi-layer tip cap 20 include fixed roof 1, Removable top cover 2 and top cover switching mechanism 3, fixed roof 1 is detachably connected with the top open part of car body 6, and removable top cover 2 passes through Top cover switching mechanism 3 is flexibly connected with the top open part of car body 6.

With reference to shown in Fig. 6, fixed roof 1 includes framework 10, the cover plate 12 on framework 10, is opened on cover plate 12 Charging door 13 and be arranged on cover plate 12 be used for lifting suspension ring 14.The both sides edge in front and back of framework 10 is in the present embodiment L-type beam 11, L-type beam 11 includes widthwise edge 15 and vertical side 16, and widthwise edge 15 is using joint form structure and the phase of 6 side wall of car body 5 Even, i.e., widthwise edge 15 is shelved on the outer edge 18 that the top of 6 side wall of car body 5 stretches out, then by bolt by widthwise edge 15 It is fixed together with outer edge 18, in addition, leaving gap between vertical side 16 and the inwall of 6 side wall of car body 5, is easy to fix top The installation and dismounting of lid 1, the gap be 5～10mm, preferably 7～8mm, as shown in Figure 7.Meanwhile, the both ends of framework 10 with The headwall 4 of car body 6 is tightly connected using rubber gasket 41, and rubber gasket 41 is weldingly fixed on framework 10 by dovetail channel 42 End edge along upper, as shown in Figure 9；And side seal pad 17 is lined between the widthwise edge 15 and outer edge 18 of framework 10, and side is close Packing 17 is riveted on the widthwise edge 15 of framework 10 by rivet 19, to realize the sealing property of fixed roof 1, as shown in Figure 8；

Top cover switching mechanism 3 includes that one end is fixedly connected on the rocking bar 8 of the end of removable top cover 2 and leads to by riveting or bolt The rocker bearing 9 that bearing pin 7 is connected with the other end of rocking bar 8 is crossed, rocker bearing 9 is fixed on the headwall 4 of car body 6, meanwhile, movable top The both sides of lid 2 adopt sealing structure with side wall 5.Effect of the rocking bar 8 in external motivating force (including manual actuation or air cylinder driven) The lower bearing pin 7 for driving removable top cover 2 on rocker bearing 9 rotates to realize the opening and closing of removable top cover 2.

Four suspension ring 14 for lifting are provided with the present embodiment cover plate 12, four suspension ring 14 are divided into two groups, one group Two, two groups of suspension ring 14 are symmetrical along the longitudinal centre line of cover plate 12, and two suspension ring 14 of every group of suspension ring 14 are horizontal along cover plate 12 Centrage is symmetrical, so as to steadily not collide car body or removable top cover when ensureing and lifting by crane cover plate 12, facilitates fixed roof 1 Dismounting or replacing.In addition, to realize same vehicle transport difference goods and adapting to the function of Different Ground refueling facilities, so as to The versatility of fixed roof 1 is realized, fixed roof 1 can respectively make for different goods and aerial pickup facility in the present embodiment Main body and overall dimensions identical, can general in same vehicle but charging door quantity and a series of variform fixations Top cover external member, such as quantity of charging door 13 are 2～4, generally circular in shape or square.

Certainly, this utility model removable top cover 2 can open removable top cover or double-side opening removable top cover for unilateral, such as scheme 4 show unilateral unlatching removable top cover, are illustrated in figure 5 double-side opening removable top cover.

Using the bi-layer tip cap 20 being made up of dismountable fixed roof 1 and openable removable top cover 2, it has been effectively increased Lid hopper wagon loads the subject range of goods, by changing the fixed roof of different types loading hatch or directly removing fixed top Lid, meets covered hopper car and loads various goods and adapt to the requirement of multiple types of floors charging apparatus, ships not so as to increase vehicle With the species of characteristic goods, strengthen the ability that various goods load facility condition that adapts to, realize that a car is multiplex, vehicle is substantially improved Applicable performance, further improve the transport of vehicle and use benefit.

When vehicle simultaneously installation activity top cover 2 and during fixed roof 1, vehicle adapts to single or multiple loader(-mounted) shovels and loads pipe The static loading such as road, and the facility condition with the carriage requirement such as must prevent goods from spilling, flying upward；Suitable for dust itself it is many, Pollute shipment that is big and needing rainwater-proof, sand and dust and other dity cargoes.

When vehicle installation activity top cover 2, dismounting fixed roof 1, vehicle adapts to single or multiple loader(-mounted) shovels, loader And the mobile loading such as conveyer belt, and with without the facility condition carriage requirement such as prevent goods from spilling, fly upward；Suitable for dirt itself Angstrom less, pollute little, and need the shipment of rainwater-proof, sand and dust and other dity cargoes.

When vehicle removes removable top cover 2 and fixed roof 1, as without top cover, vehicle adapts to single or multiple loader(-mounted) shovels And the mobile loading such as loader, and with without the facility condition carriage requirement such as prevent goods from spilling, fly upward, and without loading sealing Require；Suitable for dust itself it is few, pollute little, and do not need the shipment of rainwater-proof, sand and dust and other dity cargoes.

Claims (8)

1. the top cover of a kind of railway hopper car, including car body (6) and the top open part installed in car body (6), and be installed in Bogie (24), brake unit (21) and coupler and draft gear (22) under car body (6) underframe, and unload installed in underframe bottom Bottom door and bottom door opening and closing mechanism (23) at material mouth, the bottom door includes being installed in rotation on car body (6) discharge port bottom Left bottom door (25) and right bottom door (28), the left bottom door (25) and the right bottom door (28) are by length direction along car body (6) longitudinal direction Centrage is arranged symmetrically, it is characterised in that：Also include being arranged on car body (6) central authorities and along car body (6) longitudinal direction cloth by length direction The vertical saddle (31) put, the vertical saddle (31) includes the saddle bend at the top of two side plates (31.1), two side plates (31.1) of connection (31.2) and the lower-edge beam (31.3) that is separately positioned on below side plate (31.1) medial surface, the two ends of two side plates (31.1) Respectively it is fixed on the end plate of the car body (6) discharge port by the end connecting plate (27) at discharge port two ends；The bottom door is opened Closing mechanism (23) drives the left bottom door (25) and the right bottom door (28) rotation to make the left bottom door inside edge (37) and institute State right bottom door inside edge (38) to overlap or disengage with the lower-edge beam (31.3) of vertical saddle (31) both sides respectively；

The top cover is bi-layer tip cap (20), and the bi-layer tip cap (20) includes fixed roof (1), removable top cover (2) and top cover Switching mechanism (3), the fixed roof (1) is detachably connected with the top open part of car body (6), and the removable top cover (2) is led to Cross the top cover switching mechanism (3) to be flexibly connected with the top open part of car body (6)；The top cover switching mechanism (3) is including one End is fixedly connected on the rocking bar (8) of the removable top cover (2) end and is connected with the rocking bar (8) other end by bearing pin (7) Rocker bearing (9), the rocker bearing (9) is fixed on the headwall of car body (6) (4).

2. railway hopper car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bottom door opening and closing mechanism (23) is including first connecting rod And the first connecting rod (35) second connecting rod (33) being hinged, the drive gas that are connected on the car body (6) end carriage (30) (35) Third connecting rod (40) that the fork (34) and the fork (34) that cylinder (36) and the drive cylinder (36) are hinged is hinged and with The affixed power transmission shaft (39) of the first connecting rod (35)；The second connecting rod (33) is hinged with the left bottom door (25), the biography Moving axis (39) is hinged with right bottom door (28) two ends, the tailpiece of the piston rod of the drive cylinder (36) and the one of the fork (34) End is hinged, and the other end and the third connecting rod (40) of the fork (34) are hinged, the other end of the third connecting rod (40) with The power transmission shaft (39) is affixed；Fulcrum that the third connecting rod (40) is connected with the power transmission shaft (39), described first The fulcrum and the power transmission shaft (39) that connecting rod (35) is connected with the power transmission shaft (39) is formed with the right bottom door (28) Be hinged central point coincidence.

3. railway hopper car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixed roof (1) includes framework (10), installation Cover plate (12) on framework (10), the charging door (13) being opened on cover plate (12) and being arranged on the cover plate (12) is used for The suspension ring (14) of lifting, the edge of the framework (10) is mounted by means of bolts on car body (6) side wall (5) top and stretches out Outer edge (18) on；The both ends of the framework (10) are close using rubber gasket (41) with the headwall (4) of the car body (6) Envelope connection, the rubber gasket (41) is weldingly fixed on the end edge of the framework (10) along upper by dovetail channel (42), And side seal pad (17) is lined between the edge of the framework (10) and the outer edge (18), the side seal pad (17) passes through Rivet (19) is riveted on the edge of the framework (10).

4. railway hopper car according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The edge of the framework (10) be L-type beam (11), institute L-type beam (11) is stated including widthwise edge (15) and vertical side (16), the widthwise edge (15) is mounted by means of bolts on car body (6) On the outer edge (18) that side wall (5) top stretches out, leave between the vertical side (16) and car body (6) side wall (5) inwall Gap.

5. railway hopper car according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The top longitudinal direction two ends difference of the left bottom door (25) Be hinged on two hangers (32) of the end carriage (30) lower surface side, and the longitudinally outboard edge of the left bottom door (25) with The curb girder (29) of car body (6) side contacts；The top longitudinal direction two ends of the right bottom door (28) are respectively hinged at the end On two hangers (32) of beam (30) lower surface opposite side, and the longitudinally outboard edge of the right bottom door (28) and the car body (6) curb girder (29) of opposite side contacts.

6. railway hopper car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Along two side plates of vertical saddle (31) length direction (31.1) some dividing plates (31.4) are lined between.

7. railway hopper car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The left bottom door (25) and the right bottom door (28) Transverse width is inversely proportional to vertical saddle (31) the bottom transverse width.

8. the railway hopper car according to claim 1～7 any one, it is characterised in that：The removable top cover (2) is one side Open removable top cover or double-side opening removable top cover.