CN206145100U - Twoly drive two grades of automatic gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

Twoly drive two grades of automatic gearbox belongs to the electric automobile technical field. Its characterized in that: including reduction gear system, reduction gear system's input gear connects two sets of power input mechanism simultaneously, and two sets of power input mechanism drive respectively input gear is with the velocity ratio transmission of difference. This twoly drive two grades of automatic gearbox, through the two sets of different power input mechanism who sets up the reduction gears and mesh simultaneously with the reduction gears, the switching through power input mechanism makes the velocity ratio transmission of the output gear of reduction gears with the difference to realize gear shift and the variable speed of electric automobile in going, avoided to switch over the process of shifting gears of accomplishing through the gear among the prior art, made the process of shifting gears more smooth -going, because the structure is very simple, consequently had high transmission efficiency's advantage.

Description

Double drive two-shift automatic variable speed devices

Technical field

Double drive two-shift automatic variable speed devices, belong to electric vehicle engineering field.

Background technology

As the increasingly deficient and national energy-saving of today's society resource reduces discharging the call of policy, electric automobile is used as one kind The new vehicles are received by increasing people.The motor of electric automobile and the electromotor of general-utility car（Internal combustion Machine）Compare, its maximum advantage is：The efficiency that the efficiency interval of motor will be far longer than electromotor is interval, therefore in electricity In electrical automobile, without the need for being equipped with general-utility car in many gears change speed gear box by meet driving of the electric automobile in most of road conditions Require, therefore in the prior art, most of electric automobiles by way of decelerator is set between motor and wheel, Driving of the motor to electric automobile is realized, and electric automobile need not arrange the theory of variator by most of manufacturer Received.

For pure electric automobile, the most concerned technical specification of people is speed and endurance.Due to electronic at present The dynamical system of automobile is mainly made up of motor, decelerator and set of cells.The rotating speed of motor compares the rotating speed of electromotor It is much faster, again without change speed gear box, therefore to improve speed and can only pass through to improve the rotating speed of motor and realize, this performance to motor Requirement is considerably improved, while at high speeds, energy consumption is substantially increased, and endurance is weakened.So exist matching somebody with somebody The standby fixing tooth problem not higher than the pure electric automobile economy of decelerator, and the thinking of Ge great electric automobiles manufacturer is subject to " electric automobile does not need variator " theoretical constraint, so the endurance to improve electric automobile, current major part manufacturer Important breakthrough or the performance for placing hope on battery technology is more excellent（Such as more powerful, rotating speed is higher）Motor, But the raising of electric automobile endurance and speed is either realized by battery or motor, is not optimum way, Specifically：Generally, the price of set of cells can account for the 35% ~ 40% of electric automobile total price, therefore use new technique Or the set of cells that capacity is bigger, the cost and own wt of electric automobile will certainly be increased；And performance is more excellent Motor, also will be great to the drive system of electric automobile itself in addition to it can greatly increase the cost of electric automobile Test, therefore with the gradually development of electric vehicle engineering recent years, particularly since 2015, world's pure electric automobile Research worker has abandoned that " pure electric automobile does not need change speed gear box, relies only on the inherent character of motor, coordinates reductor just complete The theory of full up foot ", and define a unified common recognition：For pure electric automobile, change speed gear box is not " drawing a snake and add feet to it ", But " making something perfect even more perfect ", it is possible to greatly promote the performance of pure electric automobile.

Although research staff appreciates the necessity of the variator used in electric automobile, and becomes in general-utility car Fast case is more ripe, but the change speed gear box in general-utility car cannot be grafted directly in electric automobile and be used, and it is former Because being：（1）, from the foregoing, because the efficiency area of motor is greatly wider than the efficiency area of electromotor, so motor without Multiple different gears need to be matched to ensure that it is operated in optimum state, therefore be directly transplanted to the change speed gear box on general-utility car The superfluous situation of the huge performance of change speed gear box occurs on pure electric automobile.（2）, change speed gear box on general-utility car due to function compared with For comprehensive therefore relatively costly, the production cost of electric motor car itself can be greatly improved.（3）, change speed gear box on general-utility car due to Gear is more, complex structure, therefore its own heavier-weight, so the endurance of electric automobile can be greatly reduced.

In sum, the variator that pure electric automobile is equipped with will meet following requirement：（1）, simple structure, low cost, body Product is little, and is easily achieved and is favorably improved the endurance of electric automobile；（2）, excessive gear, Jing electric automobiles need not be set The common research of research staff finds that arranging two grades of variator can meet the demand of electric automobile.Therefore, in view of electronic The characteristic of automobile itself, needs to be equipped with the special change speed gear box of electric automobile, therefore all big enterprises of the world start to furnish a huge amount of money for carry out The change speed gear box research and development of electric automobile, but at present the development of electric automobile special gear box is more slow, and its reason is as follows：

（1）, from the foregoing, in electric automobile, two grades of change speed gear box can fully meet the need of electric automobile Ask, but then to mean the speed of two gears more larger than difference for the reduction of gear, and therefore in gearshift, either manual shift is still Self shifter, the pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense of gearshift is particularly evident, has a strong impact on the comfort level and traffic safety of driving.

（2）, at present nearly all automatic gear-box be required for shifter, from the foregoing, shifting gears between two gears When obvious pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense occurs, this allow for for lifted gearshift ride comfort, pure electric automobile motor, change speed gear box are in logic control There is larger difficulty in system, this is also that electric automobile is provided without one of odjective cause of variator.

（3）, low cost, the harsh conditions of small volume require gear shift prototype part cannot be overly bulky and complicated.

（4）, in view of the requirement of the endurance of electric automobile, the gear-shifting actuating mechanism for needing change speed gear box in electric automobile exists Excessive electric energy can not be consumed during work.

（5）, in view of the requirement of the endurance of electric automobile, the change speed gear box of electric automobile needs to be imitated with higher transmission Rate, and at present in general-utility car, even double clutch gearboxes of most significant end, transmission efficiency can only also accomplish 90% or so.

In sum, research and develop a kind of not only saves energy can realize again it is smooth shift gears naturally particularly simple structure, small volume, The electric automobile dedicated transmission of low cost has become electric automobile field problem demanding prompt solution.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind is slowed down by arranging Mechanism and the two groups of different power input mechanisms engaged simultaneously from reducing gear, make to subtract by the switching of power input mechanism The output gear of fast mechanism with different speed than transmission, it is achieved thereby that electric automobile gear shift under steam and speed change, it is to avoid Need to complete the process shifted gears by gear switching in prior art so that two grades of double drives that shift process is more smoothed out are automatic Variator.

This utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted：This pair drives two-shift automatic variable speed device, and it is special Levy and be：Including train of reduction gears, the input gear of train of reduction gears connects two groups of power input mechanisms simultaneously, and two groups of power are defeated Enter mechanism and drive the input gear respectively with different speed than transmission.

Preferably, two groups of described power input mechanisms are the reducing gear of two groups of not synchronized ratios：First primary reductor Divide on the gear shaft of the input gear of structure and the second primary reducing gear, the first primary reducing gear and the second primary reducing gear The output gear for not being connected with motor, the first primary reducing gear and the second primary reducing gear is arranged on described simultaneously On the gear shaft of train of reduction gears input gear.

Preferably, described train of reduction gears includes intermeshing idler gear and drive gear, at the beginning of described first The output gear of level reducing gear and the second primary reducing gear is arranged on intermediate gear shaft simultaneously with idler gear.

Preferably, the first described primary reducing gear includes intermeshing first driving gear and the first driven tooth Wheel, is provided with motor on the first driving gear shaft of the first driving gear, the first driven gear is sleeved on intermediate gear shaft On.

Preferably, the second described primary reducing gear includes intermeshing second driving gear and the second driven tooth Wheel, is provided with motor on the second driving gear shaft of the second driving gear, the second driven gear is sleeved on intermediate gear shaft On.

Preferably, at the beginning of the speed of the first described primary reducing gear compares the speed ratio more than the second primary reducing gear, second Freewheel clutch is installed inside the output gear of level reducing gear.

Preferably, described train of reduction gears is differential mechanism train of reduction gears.

Preferably, primary speed-down is at least adopted in the first described primary reducing gear.

Preferably, primary speed-down is at least adopted in the second described primary reducing gear.

Compared with prior art, this utility model is had an advantageous effect in that：

1st, this pair drives two-shift automatic variable speed device, by reducing gear is set and engage simultaneously with reducing gear two groups not Same power input mechanism, the output gear of reducing gear is made with different speed ratio transmissions by the switching of power input mechanism, It is achieved thereby that electric automobile gear shift under steam and speed change, it is to avoid need to complete to change by gear switching in prior art The process of gear so that shift process is more smoothed out.

2nd, drive in two-shift automatic variable speed device in this pair, only by two sets of normal meshed gears groups two shelves are constituted Position, therefore structure is extremely simple, what is more important compare prior art change speed gear box cost it is extremely low and be more easily performed, and And can reach very high precision.

3rd, drive in two-shift automatic variable speed device in this pair, because structure is extremely simple, therefore transmission efficiency is reachable in theory More than 97%.

4th, due to being mounted with freewheel clutch in the inside of the second driven gear, therefore the second primary reducing gear can only drive Motor-car advances and travels, and can not fall back traveling.First primary reducing gear can driving moment traveling of advancing can drive car again Fall back traveling.When logical drive mistake occur in two motors, the such as first primary reducing gear drives vehicle to advance and travels, the The motor of two primary reducing gears connections has but obtained driving the instruction of vehicle reverse traveling, inside the second driven gear by In having installed freewheel clutch additional, so the reversion of the second driven gear surmounts, although now the second driven gear is in the second driving tooth Inverted under the driving of wheel, but moment of torsion during its rotation is not loaded on intermediate gear shaft, it is thus eliminated that center tooth Possibility of the wheel shaft by two different directions moments of torsion, it is to avoid the damage of part.

5th, this pair drives two-shift automatic variable speed device during gearshift, completes to change by the alternation of two motors Gear, and be not that gearshift is completed by the engagement of different gears in conventional transmission, do not have in whole shift process dynamic Interrupt, thus in the prior art that compares general-utility car variator, there is no the process of gearshift, therefore also without during gear shift Between, i.e. shift time is zero.More important point is the mistake for being entirely a flexible follow-up or exiting in whole gearshift procedure Journey, so as to there is no any shifting shock, smoothes out gearshift procedure.Simultaneously in the process of two motor alternations In, idle that motor is in idling conditions, and can be used for energy regenerating, and that motor of work is not by any Affect；Two wherein one, motors can be used as backup.

6th, this pair drives two-shift automatic variable speed device in shift process, although is provided with two gears, but is not provided with gearshift Mechanism, only by the work of motor gearshift is alternately replaced, therefore avoids loaded down with trivial details shift control strategy, while avoiding Noise during gearshift.

7th, simultaneously because the engaging element without conventional gearbox and shifter, thus on cost and in volume almost It is very nearly the same with the reduction box of current pure electric automobile, therefore without the need for carrying out larger change i.e. to existing electric automobile reduction box It is capable of achieving to install and uses, the suitability is more preferable.

8th, from energy saving, because without shifter, gearshift procedure is not required to consume electric energy, and this part electricity The driving electric energy of electric automobile can on the contrary be become, therefore improve the utilization rate of electric energy.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 compares structural representation for double little speed of two-shift automatic variable speed device embodiment 1 of driving.

Fig. 2 drives the large speed ratio structural representation of two-shift automatic variable speed device embodiment 3 for double.

Wherein：1st, drive gear 2, gear shaft 3, the first driven gear 4, the second driven gear 5, idler gear 6th, intermediate gear shaft 7, the first driving gear 8, the first driving gear shaft 9, the second driving gear 10, the second driving gear shaft 11st, the 3rd driven gear 12, the 3rd driving gear 13, the second intermediate gear shaft.

Specific embodiment

Fig. 1 is most preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1 ~ 2 pair of this utility model is described further.

Embodiment 1：

As shown in figure 1, double drive two-shift automatic variable speed devices, including shell（It is not drawn in figure）And it is arranged on subtracting for inside the shell Fast mechanism, reducing gear includes：Gear shaft 2, drive gear 1 and the idler gear 5 engaged with drive gear 1, it is middle Gear 5 is fixed on intermediate gear shaft 6.The first driven gear 3 and the second driven gear are fixed with intermediate gear shaft 6 simultaneously 4, the first driven gear 3 and the second driven gear 4 are separately positioned on the both sides of idler gear 5, while being provided with driven with first First driving gear 7 of the engagement of gear 3 and the second driving gear 9 engaged with the second driven gear 4, the first driving gear 7 It is separately mounted on independent the first driving gear shaft 8 and the second driving gear shaft 10 with the second driving gear 9.In drive gear The both sides of axle 2, intermediate gear shaft 6, the first driving gear shaft 8 and the second driving gear shaft 10 are provided with conventional support member Bearing.

Drive in two-shift automatic variable speed device in this pair, the first driving gear shaft 8, the outer end of the second driving gear shaft 10 are from corresponding A motor is passed and connected respectively in the side wall of outer shell of side（It is not drawn in figure）, the two ends of gear shaft 2 are from outer Pass in the side wall of shell both sides and be connected with automotive wheel respectively.The number of teeth of the first driving gear 7 is less than the first driven gear 3 The number of teeth, the first driving gear 7 and the primary reducing gear of the composition of the first driven gear 3 first；The number of teeth of the second driving gear 9 is less than The number of teeth of the second driven gear 4, the second driving gear 9 and the primary reducing gear of the composition of the second driven gear 4 second, idler gear 5 number of teeth is less than the number of teeth of drive gear 1, and idler gear 5 and drive gear 1 constitute secondary reducing gear.Two grades are driven in this pair In automatic transmission, two gears are constituted only by two sets of normal meshed gears groups, therefore structure is extremely simple, more It is important that the change speed gear box cost of the prior art that compares is extremely low and is more easily performed, and very high precision can be reached.Simultaneously Due to structure it is extremely simple, therefore transmission efficiency, in theory up to more than 97%.

The speed of the above-mentioned first primary reducing gear than the speed from the second primary reducing gear than different, therefore by first Primary reducing gear or the second primary reducing gear coordinate the speed ratio for realizing two different gears from secondary reducing gear, realize The deceleration of the different gears of two of electric automobile.Drive in two-shift automatic variable speed device in this pair, the speed of the first primary reducing gear Than the speed ratio more than the second primary reducing gear, therefore the first primary reducing gear is mainly used in the startup of electric automobile, climbing And driving during reversing, the second primary reducing gear is mainly used in electric automobile driving in case of the high-speed travel state.

It is particularly right to internal structure when rotating in the opposite direction to avoid two motors from abnormality occur The damage of intermediate gear shaft 6, in the inside of the second driven gear 4 freewheel clutch, therefore the second primary reductor are also equipped with The motor of structure connection can only drive vehicle to advance, it is impossible to drive and fall back.When the driving being connected with the second primary reducing gear When the situation of reversion occurs in motor, the freewheel clutch inside the second driven gear 4 is enabled, although now the second driven gear 4 Inverted under the driving of the second driving gear 9, but moment of torsion during its rotation is not loaded on intermediate gear shaft 6, because This eliminates the possibility for causing damage to intermediate gear shaft 6 because the second driven gear 4 is inverted.

Specific work process and operation principle are as follows：

When electric automobile starts starting, motor start-up operation be connected with the first driving gear shaft 8, now first Driving gear shaft 8 drives the first driving gear 7 to rotate, and the first driving gear 7 is further driven to the first driven gear 3 and rotates, complete Primary into motor is slowed down.Because the first driven gear 3 is also secured on intermediate gear shaft 6 with idler gear 5, because This first driven gear 3 drives idler gear 5 to rotate, and idler gear 5 is further driven to drive gear 1 and rotates, and completes secondary Slow down, and the wheel of electric automobile is arranged on the two ends of gear shaft 2, it is achieved that motor driving electric automobile is dynamic Make, and complete the starting of electric automobile.

With being gradually increasing for electric automobile speed, the motor being connected with the second driving gear shaft 10 starts to rotate, And be further driven to the second driving gear 9 start rotate, the second driving gear 9 rotate after drive the second driven gear 4 start turn It is dynamic, complete primary deceleration.Due to being provided with freewheel clutch in the inside of the second driven gear 4, therefore in the second driven tooth When the rotating speed of wheel 4 is less than the rotating speed of intermediate gear shaft 6, although state of second driven gear 4 in rotating, its torque is simultaneously It is not loaded on intermediate gear shaft 6, after the rotating speed of the second driven gear 4 is equal to or higher than the rotating speed of intermediate gear shaft 6, the Two driven gears 4 start the rotation for replacing the first driven gear 3 to drive intermediate gear shaft 6, now connect with the first driving gear shaft 8 The motor for connecing quits work, and completes gearshift.Then by the second driven gear 4 further by intermediate gear shaft 6 with disorder of internal organs Between gear 5 and drive gear 1 rotate so that state of the electric automobile in running at high speed.It is then contrary during deceleration.

From the foregoing, this pair drives two-shift automatic variable speed device during gearshift, by the alternating of two motors Work completes gearshift, rather than completes gearshift by the engagement of different gears in conventional transmission, does not have in whole shift process , there is no the process of gearshift in the variator of general-utility car in dynamic interruption, therefore the prior art that compares, therefore also without Shift time, i.e. shift time are zero, and it is entirely that a flexibility follows up or exits in whole gearshift procedure that more important point is Process, so as to there is no any shifting shock, gear shift is smoothed out completely.

This pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device during gearshift, although is provided with two gears, but is not provided with changing Retaining device, only by the alternation of motor, completes gearshift, therefore avoids loaded down with trivial details shift control strategy, while Avoid noise during gearshift.Simultaneously because given up the engaging element and shifter of conventional gearbox, thus from cost It is almost very nearly the same with the reduction box on current pure electric automobile with volume, therefore without the need for reduction box in existing electric automobile Carry out larger change to be capable of achieving to install and use, the suitability is more preferable.From in energy saving, due to without shifter, changing The process of shelves need not consume electric energy, and this part electric energy becomes on the contrary the driving electric energy of electric automobile, therefore carry The high utilization rate of electric energy.

Embodiment 2：

Embodiment 2 is with the difference of embodiment 1：In the present embodiment, on electric automobile front axle and two hind axles The double drive two-shift automatic variable speed devices being respectively provided with shown in a set of embodiment 1, so as to pass through four motors（It is designated as respectively driving Motor A, motor B, motor C, motor D）The driving respectively of electric automobile front axle, rear axle is realized, and can be led to Crossing the motors different to four carries out different logic controls so that electric automobile can have multiple speed than various power traveling State, can respectively reach 15 speed than the power combination different with 15：A、B、C、D、AB、AC、AD、BC、BD、CD、 ABC、ACD、ABD、BCD、ABCD.Particularly simple realize in good time 4 wheel driven simultaneously.

Embodiment 3：

As shown in Fig. 2 embodiment 3 is with the difference of embodiment 1：Above-mentioned driven by the first driving gear 7 and first Increase the 3rd driven gear 11 and the 3rd driving gear 12 in first primary reducing gear of the engagement composition of gear 3, wherein the 3rd Driven gear 11 is engaged with the first driving gear 7, and the 3rd driving gear 12 is engaged with the first driven gear 3, the 3rd driven gear 11 and the 3rd driving gear 12 be arranged on simultaneously on the second intermediate gear shaft 13.In the first driving gear shaft 8 and intermediate gear shaft 6 Between increased the second intermediate gear shaft 13 and the 3rd driven gear 11, the 3rd driving gear 12 can realize that large speed ratio is passed It is dynamic.Speed is more hundreds of than one or higher than can reach.

In the first primary reducing gear, double reduction or multi-stage speed-reducing are provided with, it is possible to achieve the speed ratio of more horn of plenty Arrange, therefore cannot only be applied on small-sized electric vehicle, in being also applied to the traction of heavy vehicle and starting, and The power of motor can be substantially reduced.Second primary reducing gear can also in the form of double reduction or multi-stage speed-reducing reality It is existing.

The above, is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, is not to make other forms to this utility model Restriction, any those skilled in the art changed possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above or be modified as equivalent The Equivalent embodiments of change.But it is every without departing from technical solutions of the utility model content, according to technology reality of the present utility model Any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that confrontation above example is made, still fall within the guarantor of technical solutions of the utility model Shield scope.

Claims (9)

1. two-shift automatic variable speed device pair is driven, it is characterised in that：Including train of reduction gears, the input gear of train of reduction gears connects simultaneously Two groups of power input mechanisms are connect, two groups of power input mechanisms drive respectively the input gear with different speed than transmission.

2. according to claim 1 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：Two groups of described power input mechanisms For the reducing gear of two groups of not synchronized ratios：First primary reducing gear and the second primary reducing gear, the first primary reducing gear Be connected to motor on the gear shaft of the input gear of the second primary reducing gear, the first primary reducing gear and the The output gear of two primary reducing gears is arranged on the gear shaft of described train of reduction gears input gear simultaneously.

3. double drive two-shift automatic variable speed devices according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described train of reduction gears includes Intermeshing idler gear（5）And drive gear（1）, the described first primary reducing gear and the second primary reducing gear Output gear and idler gear（5）Intermediate gear shaft is arranged on simultaneously（6）On.

4. according to claim 3 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：The primary reducing gear of described first Including intermeshing first driving gear（7）With the first driven gear（3）, the first driving gear（7）The first driving gear Axle（8）On motor, the first driven gear are installed（3）It is sleeved on intermediate gear shaft（6）On.

5. according to claim 3 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：The primary reducing gear of described second Including intermeshing second driving gear（9）With the second driven gear（4）, the second driving gear（9）The second driving gear Axle（10）On motor, the second driven gear are installed（4）It is sleeved on intermediate gear shaft（6）On.

6. according to claim 2 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：The primary reducing gear of described first Speed compare speed ratio more than the second primary reducing gear, overdrive clutch is installed inside the output gear of the second primary reducing gear Device.

7. according to claim 1 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：Described train of reduction gears is differential Device train of reduction gears.

8. according to claim 2 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：The primary reducing gear of described first In at least adopt primary speed-down.

9. according to claim 2 pair is driven two-shift automatic variable speed device, it is characterised in that：The primary reducing gear of described second In at least adopt primary speed-down.