CN206134932U - An UWB Antenna Combining Wire and Surface - Google Patents
An UWB Antenna Combining Wire and Surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN206134932U CN206134932U CN201621076463.7U CN201621076463U CN206134932U CN 206134932 U CN206134932 U CN 206134932U CN 201621076463 U CN201621076463 U CN 201621076463U CN 206134932 U CN206134932 U CN 206134932U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于天线技术领域,尤其涉及一种线面结合的超宽带天线。The utility model belongs to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an ultra-wideband antenna combined with lines and surfaces.
背景技术Background technique
无线通信技术的迅猛发展使现有的频谱资源日益紧张,对无线通信的系统容量及传输速率提出了越来越高的要求。超宽带技术由于其低功耗,高数据传输率,高分辨率,低成本,抗干扰能力强,保密性好和能与其他窄带通信系统共存等一系列优点而受到人们的重点关注。美国联邦通信委员会(FCC)于2002年2月批准超宽带(UWB)系统的商用频段频为3.1-10.6GHz。相比于传统天线,超宽带天线设计面临更多的挑战,传统的宽带天线不能无失真的传输UWB信号。目前常见的UWB天线如螺旋天线、对数周期天线、TEM喇叭天线、Vivaldi天线等存在体积大、结构复杂、难以实现和小型化系统集成等问题。。The rapid development of wireless communication technology makes the existing spectrum resources increasingly tight, and puts forward higher and higher requirements for the system capacity and transmission rate of wireless communication. Ultra-wideband technology has attracted people's attention due to its low power consumption, high data transmission rate, high resolution, low cost, strong anti-interference ability, good confidentiality and coexistence with other narrowband communication systems. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved in February 2002 that the commercial frequency band of the ultra-wideband (UWB) system is 3.1-10.6 GHz. Compared with traditional antennas, UWB antenna design faces more challenges. Traditional broadband antennas cannot transmit UWB signals without distortion. At present, common UWB antennas such as helical antennas, log-periodic antennas, TEM horn antennas, and Vivaldi antennas have problems such as large volume, complex structure, difficulty in implementation, and miniaturized system integration. .
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对现有技术存在的问题,,我们设计了一款尺寸只有18mm×12mm×1.6mm的体积小,结构简单,易于加工,且成本低性能好的线与面相结合的平面超宽带天线。我们设计的天线结构比较新颖,正面辐射贴片中间包含一个T型结构,背面的参考地又切有一个倒T的开口槽,且传输线和辐射贴片之间用平滑的半径为2mm的九十度圆弧连接,这些结构上的特点都可以增加天线的带宽。由于辐射贴片表面的电流主要集中在辐射贴片四周的边上,贴片中间的电流很少,所以最后把天线正面的部分或者全部的辐射贴片,只保留辐射贴片的边,把其边成线结构。这样做不仅可以降低成本,还能保证天线原有的辐射性能。使得天线的-6dB的工作频带在2.37GHz-2.8GHz和3.6GHz-12GHzAiming at the problems existing in the existing technology, we designed a planar ultra-wideband antenna with a size of only 18mm×12mm×1.6mm, which is small in size, simple in structure, easy to process, low in cost and good in performance. The antenna structure we designed is relatively novel. There is a T-shaped structure in the middle of the front radiation patch, and an inverted T open slot is cut on the back reference ground. These structural features can increase the bandwidth of the antenna. Since the current on the surface of the radiation patch is mainly concentrated on the edges around the radiation patch, and the current in the middle of the patch is very small, so finally part or all of the radiation patch on the front of the antenna is kept, and only the edge of the radiation patch is kept. Edge-to-line structure. Doing so can not only reduce the cost, but also ensure the original radiation performance of the antenna. Make the -6dB working frequency band of the antenna in 2.37GHz-2.8GHz and 3.6GHz-12GHz
本实用新型提供一种结构简单,易于加工,且成本低性能好的线与面相结合的平面超宽带天线。The utility model provides a planar ultra-wideband antenna which is simple in structure, easy to process, low in cost and good in performance and combines lines and surfaces.
本实用新型所采用的技术方案如下:The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is as follows:
一种线面结合的超宽带天线,包括基板、辐射贴片、以及平面地;所述辐射贴片设置在基板的正面,平面地设置在基板的背面;所述辐射贴片包括主辐射体和馈电传输线,馈电传输线设置在主辐射体的下方,主辐射体内设有一倒“T”形辐射体,馈电传输线设置在辐射贴片的下方;在平面地上设有倒“T”形开口槽;所述辐射贴片一部分为面结构,其余部分为线结构。A line-surface combined ultra-wideband antenna includes a substrate, a radiation patch, and a plane ground; the radiation patch is arranged on the front of the substrate, and is arranged on the back of the substrate planarly; the radiation patch includes a main radiator and Feed transmission line, the feed transmission line is set under the main radiator, an inverted "T" shaped radiator is arranged in the main radiator, and the feed transmission line is set under the radiation patch; an inverted "T" shaped opening is set on the flat ground Grooves; a part of the radiation patch is a planar structure, and the rest is a line structure.
进一步的,主辐射体和馈电传输线之间采用平滑的曲线连接结构连接。Further, the main radiator and the feeder transmission line are connected by a smooth curved connection structure.
进一步的,所述平滑的曲线连接结构为两段在连接点相切的90度圆弧,圆弧半径为2mm。Further, the smooth curved connection structure is two sections of 90-degree arcs that are tangent at the connection point, and the radius of the arc is 2mm.
进一步的,所述基板的长为18mm,宽为12mm,厚度为1.6mm。Further, the length of the substrate is 18mm, the width is 12mm, and the thickness is 1.6mm.
进一步的,辐射贴片的主辐射体部分为线结构,其余部分为面结构。Further, the main radiator part of the radiation patch is a line structure, and the rest is a plane structure.
进一步的,辐射贴片为一体成形。Further, the radiation patch is integrally formed.
本实用新型的有益效果包括以下几点:The beneficial effects of the utility model include the following points:
该天线单元的尺寸很小,只有18mm×12mm×1.6mm,高度为介质板(即基板)的厚度1.6mm,体积小,结构简单,成本低,且天线增益高。The size of the antenna unit is very small, only 18mm×12mm×1.6mm, and the height is 1.6mm of the thickness of the dielectric plate (ie, the substrate). It has small volume, simple structure, low cost and high antenna gain.
并且,天线的工作频带在2.37GHz-2.8GHz和3.6GHz-12GHz,该天线系统的用途比较宽泛,可以满足WLAN(2.45GHz),WiMAX(5.25-5.85GHz)和UWB(3.96-10.6GHz)应用的需求。Moreover, the working frequency band of the antenna is 2.37GHz-2.8GHz and 3.6GHz-12GHz. The antenna system has a wide range of uses and can meet the applications of WLAN (2.45GHz), WiMAX (5.25-5.85GHz) and UWB (3.96-10.6GHz) demand.
其次,线面结合的结构比全面的天线结构更加简单,重量更轻,且线性化后节约的空间能够安放整流电路以及匹配电路,使得整个天线系统更为紧凑,成本更低。Secondly, the wire-surface combined structure is simpler and lighter than a comprehensive antenna structure, and the space saved after linearization can be used to place rectifier circuits and matching circuits, making the entire antenna system more compact and lower in cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是实用新型的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1a为与本实用新型对应的全面结构天线的正面结构示意图;Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the comprehensive structure antenna corresponding to the utility model;
图1b为与本实用新型对应的全面结构天线的反面结构示意图;Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the comprehensive structure antenna corresponding to the utility model;
图2a为本实用新型线面结合的超宽带天线去掉基板后的结构示意图;Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ultra-wideband antenna combined with line and surface of the present invention after removing the substrate;
图2b为与本实用新型对应的全线结构天线去掉基板后的结构示意图;Fig. 2b is a structural schematic view of the full-wire structure antenna corresponding to the present invention after removing the substrate;
图3为全面天线的回波损耗图;Fig. 3 is the return loss diagram of the comprehensive antenna;
图4a为本实用新型图2a线面结合的超宽带天线的回波损耗图;Fig. 4a is the return loss diagram of the ultra-wideband antenna combined with line and surface in Fig. 2a of the present invention;
图4b为与本实用新型对应的图2b的全线结构天线的回波损耗图;Fig. 4b is a return loss diagram of the full-line structure antenna corresponding to Fig. 2b of the present invention;
图5a为与本实用新型对应的全面结构天线的仿真的z参数图;Fig. 5 a is the z parameter diagram of the simulation of the comprehensive structure antenna corresponding to the utility model;
图5b为与本实用新型对应的全线结构天线的仿真的z参数图;Fig. 5 b is the z-parameter diagram of the simulation of the full-line structure antenna corresponding to the utility model;
图5c为本实用新型线面结合的超宽带天线的仿真的z参数图;Fig. 5c is the z-parameter diagram of the simulation of the ultra-wideband antenna combined with line and surface of the present invention;
图6a为本实用新型带宽为2.45GHz时XZ面的增益图;Fig. 6a is the gain diagram of the XZ surface when the bandwidth of the utility model is 2.45GHz;
图6b为本实用新型带宽为2.45GHz时YZ面的增益图;Fig. 6b is the gain diagram of the YZ plane when the bandwidth of the utility model is 2.45GHz;
图7a为本实用新型带宽为5GHz时XZ面的增益图;Fig. 7a is the gain diagram of the XZ surface when the bandwidth of the utility model is 5 GHz;
图7b为本实用新型带宽为5GHz时YZ面的增益图。Fig. 7b is a gain diagram of the YZ plane when the bandwidth of the utility model is 5 GHz.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对实用新型的优选实施例进行详细阐述,以使实用新型的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对实用新型的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。The preferred embodiments of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the utility model.
如图1a-图7b所示,一种线面结合的超宽带天线,包括基板1、辐射贴片2、以及平面地4;所述辐射贴片2设置在基板的正面,平面地4设置在基板的背面;所述辐射贴片2包括主辐射体3和馈电传输线5,馈电传输线5设置在主辐射体3的下方,主辐射体3内设有一倒“T”形辐射体6,馈电传输线5设置在辐射贴片2的下方;在平面地4上设有倒“T”形开口槽7,可以增加辐射贴片2和地面之间的电容;所述辐射贴片2一部分为面结构,其余部分为线结构,这样可以在减小了天线的重量与节省了空间的情况下仍然保持原本的辐射性能(辐射片表面的电流主要集中在辐射片的边缘轮廓上,贴片中间的电流非常少)。As shown in Figures 1a-7b, a line-surface combined ultra-wideband antenna includes a substrate 1, a radiation patch 2, and a plane ground 4; the radiation patch 2 is arranged on the front of the substrate, and the plane ground 4 is arranged on the The back side of the substrate; the radiation patch 2 includes a main radiator 3 and a feeding transmission line 5, the feeding transmission line 5 is arranged below the main radiator 3, and an inverted "T" shaped radiator 6 is arranged in the main radiator 3, The feeding transmission line 5 is arranged below the radiation patch 2; an inverted "T"-shaped opening slot 7 is provided on the plane ground 4, which can increase the capacitance between the radiation patch 2 and the ground; a part of the radiation patch 2 is surface structure, and the rest are wire structures, which can still maintain the original radiation performance while reducing the weight of the antenna and saving space (the current on the surface of the radiation sheet is mainly concentrated on the edge contour of the radiation sheet, and the current in the middle of the patch very little current).
主辐射体3和馈电传输线5之间采用平滑的曲线连接结构连接(即该连接结构的外轮廓为平滑的曲线),该曲线连接结构为两段在连接点相切并且曲向相反的90度圆弧,圆弧的半径R为2mm,这样的结构可以实现比较宽的带宽。The main radiator 3 and the feeding transmission line 5 are connected by a smooth curved connection structure (that is, the outer contour of the connection structure is a smooth curve). degree arc, the radius R of the arc is 2mm, such a structure can achieve a relatively wide bandwidth.
所述基板1采用长L6为18mm,宽W6为12mm,厚度为1.6mm的FR4材料基板,其中,主辐射体3的横向宽度W1为10mm,竖向长度L1为9mm,主辐射体3的内框宽度W2为8mm,长度L2为8mm;主辐射体3内的倒“T”形辐射体6的竖直段的长度L4为6.1mm,该竖直段的侧边到其同侧主辐射体3的内框的距离W4为2.5mm;倒“T”形辐射体6水平段的长度L5为1.7mm,其两端到其同侧主辐射体3的内框的距离W5为0.2mm;馈电传输线5的长度L3为4mm,其宽度W3为2mm。在基板1背后的平面地4的宽度和基板1的宽度一样,其长度L7为3mm,设在其上的倒“T”形开口槽7的水平段宽度为W8为5mm,水平段长度L9为0.5mm,竖直段的宽度W7为2mm,长度L8为1mm。The substrate 1 adopts an FR4 material substrate with a length L6 of 18 mm, a width W6 of 12 mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The lateral width W1 of the main radiator 3 is 10 mm, and the vertical length L1 is 9 mm. The frame width W2 is 8mm, and the length L2 is 8mm; the length L4 of the vertical section of the inverted "T"-shaped radiator 6 in the main radiator 3 is 6.1mm, and the side of the vertical section to the main radiator on the same side The distance W4 of the inner frame of 3 is 2.5mm; the length L5 of the horizontal section of the inverted "T"-shaped radiator 6 is 1.7mm, and the distance W5 between its two ends and the inner frame of the main radiator 3 on the same side is 0.2mm; The length L3 of the electrical transmission line 5 is 4 mm, and its width W3 is 2 mm. The width of the flat ground 4 at the back of the substrate 1 is the same as the width of the substrate 1, and its length L7 is 3mm. The horizontal section width of the inverted "T" shape opening groove 7 on it is 5mm for W8, and the horizontal section length L9 is 0.5mm, the width W7 of the vertical section is 2mm, and the length L8 is 1mm.
此种设计在缩小了天线的体积的同时并且使得天线具有较宽的带宽,保证了天线的辐射强度。This design reduces the volume of the antenna and at the same time enables the antenna to have a wider bandwidth and ensures the radiation intensity of the antenna.
如图2a所示,辐射贴片2的主辐射体3部分为线结构,其余部分为面结构。通过图4a和图4b的对比可以看出,两天线的-6dB带宽分别是,图4a:2.37GHz-2.8GHz和3.6GHz-12GHz,图4b:2.37GHz-9.57GHz。相比之下图4a本实用新型的天线性能更好,应用范围要更广,满足WLAN(2.45GHz),WiMAX(5.25-5.85GHz)和UWB(3.96-10.6GHz)应用的需求。As shown in Fig. 2a, the main radiator 3 of the radiation patch 2 has a line structure, and the rest has a planar structure. It can be seen from the comparison of Figure 4a and Figure 4b that the -6dB bandwidths of the two antennas are respectively, Figure 4a: 2.37GHz-2.8GHz and 3.6GHz-12GHz, Figure 4b: 2.37GHz-9.57GHz. In contrast, the antenna of the present utility model shown in Fig. 4a has better performance and a wider application range, meeting the requirements of WLAN (2.45GHz), WiMAX (5.25-5.85GHz) and UWB (3.96-10.6GHz) applications.
以上所述,仅为实用新型的具体实施方式,但实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此,任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在实用新型的保护范围之内。因此,实用新型的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。The above is only the specific implementation of the utility model, but the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto, and any change or replacement that is not thought of through creative labor should be covered within the scope of protection of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be subject to the protection scope defined in the claims.
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