CN206123266U - But tool changing sharp knife device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a but tool changing sharp knife device, but tool changing sharp knife device includes base, linear electric motor, slider, is used for to detect the sliding displacement's of slider grating chi and drive slider pivoted drive assembly, the slider includes fixed portion and slipper, fixed portion rotationally installs on the base, drive assembly can drive the fixed portion of slider rotates, works as when fixed portion rotates, the slipper along with fixed portion rotates together, the one end of slipper is rotationally connected on linear electric motor's the output shaft, the other end fixed mounting of slipper has the blade disc, the direction of motion of linear electric motor's output shaft with parallel or the coincidence of slip direction of slipper, install two at least cutters on the blade disc. The utility model provides a but tool changing sharp knife device can also can guarantee the machining precision of part after the tool changing.

Description

Can tool changing sharp knife device

Technical field

This utility model is related to fast tool servo processing technique field, more particularly to one kind can tool changing sharp knife device.

Background technology

Optical microstructures are widely used in military and civilian industry, with produce and live close relation, due to micro structure light It is complex-shaped high accuracy, asymmetric surface to learn element surface, and traditional diamond-making technique such as profile tracer, grinding and polishing etc. have Efficiency it is very low, what is had can not meet technical requirement.Some micro-structure surface manufacturing technologies developed in recent years, such as Direct electronic beam writing technology, laser beam direct writing technology, photoetching technique, etching technique, deposition and image etching technique, LIGA technologies Deng there is certain limitation, such as material and facility had high demands, etched features blur margin is clear, be difficult to make the micro- of big F numbers Lens array, machining accuracy concordance it is poor, process controllability is bad, to environment have pollution etc..

Fast tool servo turnery processing can meet Ultra-precision Turning high accuracy, efficient requirement simultaneously, be to solve micro structure The effective way of optical element processing difficulties.For the extensive of optical microstructures application and huge, the fast tool servo turning of effect Processing is developed rapidly.Each state has all put into substantial amounts of manpower and materials in fast tool servo Technology for Turning Machining, to capturing Technical highland.

Using ultra-machining turning technique processing micro structure, with many advantages not available for other methods, for example, can Real three dimensional structure is processed, the contour accuracy for processing part reaches submicron order, be can reach without follow-up polishing Nanoscale Surface roughness, it is high in machining efficiency, machinable part yardstick is relatively large etc..Therefore with Ultraprecision Machining Development, become the very important developing direction in micro manufacturing field using the method processing micro structure surface of ultra precision cutting, receive Extensive attention both domestic and external is arrived.Traditional ultra-precise cutting is only limitted to process rotationally symmetrical type part, it is impossible to meet micro-optic etc. The processing request of complicated face shape part.For such case, some scholars are improved to the feed mode of turnery processing, are sent out Ultraprecise fast tool servo Technology for Turning Machining is opened up, by using high frequency sound, high-precision cutter driving device, in main shaft angle On the basis of feedback, the change of diamond cutter real-time tracking workpiece face shape, to realize the complexity such as optical microstructures face shape part Precise high-efficiency processing.This mode can repeat to process various heterotype elements with complex shape, and time processing can be obtained Very high parts size precision, form accuracy and very low surface roughness are obtained, high efficiency, the height of optical microstructures can be realized Precision, flexibility processing, and good economy performance.

Due to the requirement of some parts machining processes, in ultraprecise fast tool servo turnery processing, it is desirable to have roughing and The manufacturing procedures such as polish, or as part is made up of various different materials, cause, when this kind of part is processed, to need Tool changing operation is carried out in the course of processing, after the completion of tool changing, in addition it is also necessary to again to knife, this machining accuracy for allowing for part is subject to Affect.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model be to provide one kind can tool changing sharp knife device, can also can guarantee that after tool changing part plus Work precision.

To achieve these goals, this utility model provide one kind can tool changing sharp knife device, it is described can tool changing sharp knife dress Put including base, the linear electric motors on the base, sliding part, slide displacement for detecting the sliding part light Grid chi and the drive component that the sliding part rotates is driven, the sliding part includes standing part and can be in the standing part The slipper of upper slip, the standing part are installed in rotation on the base, and the drive component can drive institute State sliding part standing part rotate, when the standing part is rotated, the slipper with the standing part together Rotate, one end of the slipper is rotatably connected on the output shaft of the linear electric motors, the slipper it is another One end is installed with cutterhead, and the direction of motion of the output shaft of the linear electric motors is parallel with the glide direction of the slipper Or overlap, at least two cutters are installed on the cutterhead.

Preferably, the linear electric motors are voice coil motor.

Preferably, the standing part and slipper of the sliding part is respectively ball spline mother and is arranged on the ball Ball spline shaft on spline mother.

Preferably, the quantity of the cutter is three, and three axis the cutter around the cutterhead are uniformly distributed.

Preferably, the drive component includes gear wheel and the institute being fixedly set on the standing part of the sliding part The little gear for stating gear wheel engagement and the motor for driving the pinion rotation.

Preferably, the drive component also includes gear position limiting mechanism.

Preferably, the gear position limiting mechanism include the guide rail being fixedly mounted on the base, installed in the guide rail On guide rail slide block, on guide rail slide block and the keeper of the gear wheel or little gear can be fixed and for driving The actuator that the guide rail slide block slides.

Preferably, the output shaft of the actuator is connected with the guide rail slide block or keeper by spherical plain bearing rod end.

Preferably, the keeper is the tooth bar that can be engaged with the gear wheel or little gear.

Preferably, the motor is servomotor, and the actuator is cylinder, and the little gear is by expansion sleeve fixation peace It is mounted on the output shaft of the motor.

This utility model with the difference of prior art is, this utility model provide can tool changing sharp knife device pass through The output shaft of linear electric motors is connected with the slipper of sliding part, and cutterhead is arranged on the other end of slipper, straight line Motor can drive the cutter on cutterhead to produce the fast precise feed campaign of high frequency sound, small range by slipper, and this enters Knife is moved and is coordinated with high-precision main shaft gyration and radial feed motion, and the precise high-efficiency that can complete complicated face shape part adds Work；In process, when tool changing is needed, the standing part of the sliding part can be driven to rotate by drive component, Gu Fixed part can drive slipper to rotate therewith, and so as to drive the cutterhead on slipper to rotate, work as cutterhead When the cutter that the needs of upper installation are changed is rotated in place, the standing part of the sliding part that stops operating then proceedes to processing, because This, this utility model provide can tool changing sharp knife device only can carry out once can just completing knife the processing of part, changing Also the machining accuracy of part is can guarantee that after knife, the high-efficiency high-accuracy processing of complicated optical surface profile is realized.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 be this utility model provide a kind of embodiment can tool changing sharp knife device structural representation；

Fig. 2 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along A-A directions；

Fig. 3 is the sectional view in Fig. 1 along B-B directions；

Description of reference numerals：

1- bases；2- voice coil motors；3- cutterheads；4- cutters；5- ball splines are female；6- ball spline shafts；7- gear wheels；8- Little gear；9- motors；10- guide rails；11- guide rail slide blocks；12- keepers；13- actuators；14- spherical plain bearing rod ends；15- gratings Ruler reading head；16- reading head brackets；17- grating scale installing plates；18- motor cabinets.

Specific embodiment

This utility model is further illustrated with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.But the use of these exemplary embodiments Way and purpose are only used for enumerating this utility model, not real protection scope of the present utility model are constituted any type of any Limit, it is more non-that protection domain of the present utility model is confined to into this.

Some nouns of locality are defined in this utility model, in the case where not being specified to the contrary, the orientation for being used Word such as " upper and lower, left and right " refer to that this utility model provides can tool changing sharp knife device define under normal usage, and It is consistent with the direction up and down shown in accompanying drawing 2." inside and outside " is referred to relative to inside and outside each parts profile itself.These The noun of locality is adopted for the ease of understanding, thus does not constitute the restriction to this utility model protection domain.

In this utility model, when parts are referred to as " fixation " on another parts, it can be directly another On individual parts, or can also there are parts placed in the middle.When a parts are considered as " connection " another parts, It can be directly to another parts or may be simultaneously present parts placed in the middle.When a parts are considered as " setting ", on another parts, it can be set directly on another parts or may be simultaneously present placed in the middle zero Part.

Suitably with reference to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the basic embodiment that this utility model is provided can tool changing sharp knife device can be with Including base 1, the linear electric motors on the base 1, sliding part, slide displacement for detecting the sliding part light Grid chi and the drive component that the sliding part rotates is driven, the sliding part includes standing part and can be in the standing part The slipper of upper slip, the standing part are installed in rotation on the base 1, and the drive component can drive institute State sliding part standing part rotate, when the standing part is rotated, the slipper with the standing part together Rotate, one end of the slipper is rotatably connected on the output shaft of the linear electric motors, the slipper it is another One end is installed with cutterhead 3, and the direction of motion of the output shaft of the linear electric motors is flat with the glide direction of the slipper Row overlaps, and at least two cutters 4 are provided with the cutterhead 3.

In above-mentioned basic embodiment, the linear electric motors are fixed on the right-hand member of base 1, the fixed part of the sliding part Divide by bearing rotatably installed in the left end of base 1, i.e., described standing part can turn around axis in left-right direction It is dynamic, but can not move in left-right direction.The slipper of the sliding part can be high-precision along left and right directions on standing part The slip of degree, the left end of the slipper are fixed with cutterhead 3, and the right-hand member of slipper can pass through bearing with linear electric motors The left end connection of output shaft, the right-hand member of slipper can also pass through other connectors and connect with the output shaft rotation of linear electric motors Connect, to be reduced or avoided during slipper rotation, the impact of linear electric motors.The motion side of the output shaft of wherein described linear electric motors Can be with parallel to the glide direction with the slipper, it is also possible to overlap, the direction of motion of the output shaft of preferred linear electric motors Overlap with the glide direction of slipper.The scale grating of the grating scale is fixedly mounted on cutterhead by grating scale installing plate 17 3 or slipper on, the grating ruler reading head 15 of grating scale is arranged on the standing part by reading head bracket 16, from And when the cutter on cutterhead of the linear electric motors drive installation on slipper does high frequency motion, grating scale can just be collected The data of cutter movement, such that it is able to realize being accurately positioned for cutter by grating scale.The cutter being wherein arranged on cutterhead 3 can To adapt to the cutter of accurate fast tool servo processing, typically using diamond cutter.

Above-mentioned basic embodiment provide can tool changing sharp knife device when in use, be fixed on lathe, lathe Main shaft drives workpiece to be processed revolution mounted thereto and radial feed, while the slip of sliding part is driven by linear electric motors Part is quickly moved on standing part, so as to cutter of the drive installation on cutterhead does the fast precise of high frequency sound, small range Feed campaign, is processed with the precise high-efficiency for completing complicated face shape workpiece.In process, when tool changing is needed, can pass through Drive component drives the standing part of the sliding part to rotate, and standing part drives slipper to rotate therewith, so as to band The dynamic cutterhead 3 on slipper is rotated, and when the cutter 4 that the needs installed on cutterhead 3 are changed is rotated in place, stops turning The standing part of dynamic sliding part, then proceedes to processing.Therefore, it is above-mentioned can tool changing sharp knife device pass through time processing Very high dimensional accuracy, form accuracy and very low surface roughness are obtained, the efficient high-precision of complicated optical surface profile can be realized Degree processing.

In this utility model, in order to be further ensured that the processing effect of workpiece, it is preferable that the linear electric motors are voice coil loudspeaker voice coil Motor 2, voice coil motor 2 are fixedly mounted on base 1 by motor cabinet 18.Voice coil motor 2 is a kind of response frequency quickly straight Drive motor, which has zero magnetic hysteresis, a zero magnetic effect of grooves, and high response, high accuracy, high acceleration, high speed, force characteristic are good, controlling party Just the advantages of, small volume, stroke are big, resolution is infinitely small, therefore by using voice coil motor 2 in this utility model, can High frequency sound required for the processing of complex micro structure part is realized enough, it is also possible to meet big required for the high steepness complexity face shape of processing Stroke (relative to the mode of Piezoelectric Ceramic), can better ensure that the processing effect of workpiece.Meanwhile, by voice coil loudspeaker voice coil electricity The control method of machine is optimized, and can further improve tracking accuracy and work frequency response.

In this utility model, the sliding part is the critical component for ensureing high accuracy processing and rapid changing knife.Which can be with Any high-precision slide the structure of torque can be transmitted from existing.

In a preferred implementation of the present utility model, as shown in Fig. 2 the standing part of the sliding part and slip Part is respectively ball spline female 5 and the ball spline shaft 6 on the ball spline mother 5.Ball spline mother 5 is fixed on (it is fixed in bearing inner race specifically by bearing holder (housing, cover) and locknut) in the inner ring of bearing, the right-hand member of ball spline shaft 6 is by connecting Fitting is linked together with the output shaft of voice coil motor, and the left end of ball spline shaft 6 installs cutterhead 3, so drives in voice coil motor Under dynamic, diamond knife can just do high frequency cutting.

The sliding part is the ball spline pair formed by ball spline shaft 6 and ball spline female 5, ball spline shaft 6 Linear relative movement can be carried out with ball spline mother 5, when ball spline female 5 utilizes steel ball therein through accurate grinding While for linear motion on ball spline shaft 6, it is also possible to transmitting torque.When moment of torsion is applied to ball flower by ball spline mother 5 On key axle 6, the ball in torque direction is simultaneously steady, uniformly transfer load.Therefore, by being used as this reality from ball spline pair With new sliding part, cutter high frequency sound, high-precision motion can be realized, and ensure that the essence of the cutter positioning after tool changing Degree.

Certainly, in this utility model, the sliding part can also adopt other structures, for example can transmitting torque straight line Guide rail, now the outer surface of the retaining element (guide rail) of line slideway should fixed cover equipped with can be arranged on bearing inner race in Sleeve, to realize that line slideway can be rotatably mounted on base 1.Wherein, between the bearing of base 1 and installation line slideway The support for installing bearing block can be set, and the installation in order to bearing is fixed.

In this utility model, fix a cutting tool 4 quantity of the cutterhead 3 is installed and is at least two, i.e. install on cutterhead 3 The quantity of cutter 4 can be two, three or more.Arrangement of the cutter 4 on cutterhead 3 can be according to the control of tool changing Mode processed specifically sets, but at least should be equal with the distance of the axis of cutterhead 3.

In preferred implementation of the present utility model, the quantity of the cutter 4 is three, and three surround the cutter 4 The axis of the cutterhead 3 is uniformly distributed, so that the drive component 120 degree of rotation every time, it is possible to change a cutter, So that the control mode of tool changing is easier.

The drive component be for drive sliding part rotate structure, therefore can using it is any can precise control turn The structure of the output rotary motion of dynamic angle.Such as by the form of Motor drive Timing Belt.

In this utility model, it is preferable that with reference to shown in Fig. 3, the drive component includes being fixedly set in the slip The motor that gear wheel 7, the little gear 8 engaged with the gear wheel 7 and the driving little gear 8 on the standing part of part is rotated 9。

Specifically, gear wheel 7 is fixedly mounted on the standing part of sliding part, or is fixed on the rear end face of bearing holder (housing, cover) On, motor 9 is fixedly mounted on base, and little gear 8 is directly connected with the output shaft of motor 9 by expansion sleeve 15.So pass through Motor 9 rotates, and rotates such that it is able to band movable knife disc, Realize tool changing.Due to driving gear wheel 7 to rotate by little gear 8, therefore the angle of rotation of cutterhead 3 can be more accurately controlled Degree.In the way of example, in order to ensure being accurately positioned for cutter 4, the output shaft of the motor 9 should when not rotating With locked, i.e., the output shaft of motor 9 can keep not rotating when cutter rotate in place.

On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, this utility model is further improved to：The drive component also includes gear Position-limit mechanism.By arranging gear position limiting mechanism, to be further ensured that the positioning precision of cutter.

The gear position limiting mechanism can adopt existing various suitably spacing structures, for example, can be in gear wheel 7 Or corresponding location hole is set on the position of the needs positioning of little gear 8, after gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 rotate in place, The positioning of gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 is realized by alignment pin.

In a preferred implementation of the present utility model, with reference to shown in Fig. 3, the gear position limiting mechanism includes fixing Guide rail 10 on the base 1, the guide rail slide block 11 on the guide rail 10, on guide rail slide block 11 simultaneously And the keeper 12 and the actuator for driving the guide rail slide block 11 to slide of the gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 can be fixed 13。

Keeper 12 can be any structure that can block gear, it is preferable that the keeper 12 for can with it is described Gear wheel 7 or the tooth bar of the engagement of little gear 8.Engaged with gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 by using tooth bar, it is possible to achieve gear wheel 7 Or little gear 8 is more precisely located.In this utility model, the keeper 12 is preferred for fixing gear wheel 7.

When tool changing is needed, guide rail slide block 11 is driven to slide away from gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 on guide rail by actuator 13 It is dynamic so that keeper 12 is departed from gear wheel 7 or little gear 8, then drive cutterhead 3 to rotate by drive component, make 4 turns of cutter Move in place, then drive guide rail slide block 11 to slide towards gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 on guide rail 10 by actuator 13, so as to The keeper 12 (such as tooth bar) on guide rail slide block 11 is driven to slide into the place of gear wheel 7 or little gear 8, with gear wheel 7 or little gear 8 engage (such as engage), so as to realize the fixation of gear wheel 7 or little gear 8.

In this utility model, the actuator 13 is used to drive the guide rail slide block 11 to move, therefore can be using existing The mechanism of any linear movement output having, preferably uses cylinder in this utility model.

The actuator 13 can direct and described guide rail slide block 11 or keeper 12 connect, to drive guide rail slide block 11 to slide It is dynamic.

In a preferred implementation of the present utility model, the output shaft of the actuator 13 passes through spherical plain bearing rod end 14 are connected with the guide rail slide block 11 or keeper 12.The actuator 13 and guide rail slide block are connected by spherical plain bearing rod end 14 11 or keeper 12, can avoid can tool changing sharp knife device carrying out active force is passed through gear wheel 7, keeper when high frequency cuts 12nd, guide rail slide block 11 is delivered on actuator 13, and causes the change that the installation site of actuator 13 occurs, therefore by arranging The positioning precision of cutter 4 when spherical plain bearing rod end 14 can ensure that rapid changing knife.

Further, for driving the motor 9 that the little gear 8 is rotated to be servomotor, such that it is able to realize more Plus accurately tool changing is positioned.

In preferred embodiment of the present utility model, 6 high frequency motion of ball spline shaft is driven by voice coil motor 2, is passed through Gear drive drives ball spline shaft 6 to rotate, and realizes automatic tool changer, drives keeper 12 accurate by cylinder afterwards in place Positioning.And the position that high accuracy grating scale gathered data can be accurately positioned cutter 4 is installed.Therefore, this utility model is provided Can tool changing sharp knife device coordinate the revolution of high-precision machine tool chief axis and radial feed motion to realize time processing can acquisition Very high dimensional accuracy, form accuracy and very low surface roughness.

The sequencing of embodiment of above only for ease of description, does not represent the quality of embodiment.

Finally it should be noted that：Embodiment of above is only illustrating the technical solution of the utility model, rather than which is limited System；Although being described in detail to this utility model with reference to aforementioned embodiments, one of ordinary skill in the art should Understand：Which still can be modified to the technical scheme described in aforementioned each embodiment, or special to which part technology Levying carries out equivalent；And these modifications or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from each reality of this utility model Apply the spirit and scope of mode technical scheme.

Claims (10)

1. one kind can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that it is described can tool changing sharp knife device include base (1), installed in described Linear electric motors, sliding part on base (1), the grating scale of the slide displacement for detecting the sliding part and the driving slip The drive component that part is rotated, the sliding part include standing part and the slipper that can be slided on the standing part, The standing part is installed in rotation on the base (1), and the drive component can drive the fixation of the sliding part Partial turn, when the standing part is rotated, the slipper is rotated together with the standing part, the sliding part The one end divided is rotatably connected on the output shaft of the linear electric motors, and the other end of the slipper is installed with knife Disk (3), the direction of motion of the output shaft of the linear electric motors is parallel with the glide direction of the slipper or overlaps, the knife At least two cutters (4) are installed on disk (3).

2. according to claim 1 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the linear electric motors are voice coil motor (2).

3. according to claim 1 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the standing part of the sliding part and slip Part is respectively ball spline mother (5) and the ball spline shaft (6) being arranged on ball spline mother (5).

4. according to claim 1 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the quantity of the cutter (4) is three, three Axis of the cutter (4) around the cutterhead (3) is uniformly distributed.

5. according to any one in claim 1-4 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the drive component bag Include the gear wheel (7) being fixedly set on the standing part of the sliding part, the little gear (8) engaged with the gear wheel (7) With the motor (9) for driving the little gear (8) to rotate.

6. according to claim 5 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the drive component also includes gear position limiting Mechanism.

7. according to claim 6 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the gear position limiting mechanism includes fixing peace Be mounted in the guide rail (10) on the base (1), the guide rail slide block (11) on the guide rail (10), installed in guide rail slide block (11) on and the keeper (12) of the gear wheel (7) or little gear (8) can be fixed and for driving the guide rail slide block (11) actuator (13) for sliding.

8. according to claim 7 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the output shaft of the actuator (13) passes through Spherical plain bearing rod end (14) is connected with the guide rail slide block (11) or keeper (12).

9. according to claim 7 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the keeper (12) for can with it is described The tooth bar that gear wheel (7) or little gear (8) are engaged.

10. according to claim 7 can tool changing sharp knife device, it is characterised in that the motor (9) is servomotor, institute It is cylinder to state actuator (13), and the little gear (8) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor (9) by expansion sleeve (15) On.