CN2061145U - Train overspeed protector controlled by microcomputer - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a train over-speed protector controlled by a microcomputer, which can realize the function of speed-monitoring on a locomotive and is accompanied with the function of a speed meter. Pre-arranged parking mode curves (arranged by software) are used to monitor the running-speed of the train before receiving an inhibiting signal or before a speed-limiting switch. Once the train carries out over-speed running, the utility model can automatically carry out emergency braking for the train in order to ensure the running safety. The utility model relates to a safety protection device for the running in railways, and is characterized in that a key circuit adopts a large scale integrated circuit, microprocessor art is applied, and wide ranged switch stable voltage power source whose electric voltage is from 38V to 110V is adopted. The utility model is suitable for the locomotives of various types. An interface circuit has the function of self-checking, and can immediately give an alarm once a fault occurs.

Description

Train overspeed protector controlled by microcomputer

A kind of train overspeeding protection's device that substitutes speed meter ON TRAINS.

Train overspeeding protection's device is the traffic safety support equipment.China railways is to develop overspeed protection since the beginning of the eighties, have ten at present surplus kind of a standard test at the scene, two big classes are roughly arranged, a class is to have increased train overspeeding protection on the railway traffic recording apparatus basis, another kind of is exactly the train speed monitor system.Its radical function can reduce: prevent to advance rashly and enter the station or pass through signal; Main track or side line exit signal prevent to advance rashly; Enter the side line station track when preventing the simple turnout antiposition at a high speed; Prevent at a high speed by the speed limit section.Kind of product surplus in the developing at present or trying out ten, equipment is huge mostly, and investment is expensive.

The utility model purpose is to make the train of driving over the speed limit be parked in the place ahead of inhibit signal aboard, thus prevent overrunning of signal generation, guarantee the device of traffic safety, and have the function of former speed meter concurrently, it is little that it has a volume, the characteristics of being convenient to install.

The utility model technical solution is: read to survey incoming signal, start the braking mode curve, the test train running speed judges whether hypervelocity, sends the corresponding command, carries out by carrying out link, implements emergency braking.

The test of train speed is the basis of this device.Utilize the three-phase output line of speed measuring motor to insert tachometer circuit, go into voltage comparator by limiter circuit, behind amplifier, go into AND OR NOT gate, the frequency pulse that output is directly proportional with speed, in order to improve noise immunity, design one ' burst pulse restricting circuits ' (restriction is less than burst pulse interface circuit of 0.5ms), thereby improved the reliability of velocity test.

The matrix that signal input is formed by optocoupler is gone into triple gate and cpu i/f, different amounts read in the mode that has adopted time-sharing operation, concrete processing mode by software set, has possessed the ability of handling the various kinds of vehicles signaling mode according to specific engineering factor.

Carry out link and adopted dynamical fashion, guaranteed safe and reliable.

The power supply design has been considered when input voltage fluctuates in 38～110V scope, guarantees normal operation, and has permanent power consumption features.

Device has adopted the display mode of light-emitting diode to replace pointer speed meter, the corresponding a kind of speed of every bright spot, and every bright spot is spaced apart 2.5km/h.

The complete machine lead-in wire is drawn by the bottom connector.This device is by a main frame dual display and two kinds of serial standards of host display unification.The utility model has the advantages that:

1. owing to adopted the speed-measuring method of frequency counting, improved range rate accuracy.Introduced some special circuits, overcome counting error, it is reliable to guarantee to test the speed.

At signal input circuit, the link that tests the speed, carry out link, designed self-detection circuit, in case break down, can in time alarm.' fault-safety principle ' principle has been made explanation.

3. this device volume is little, and is easy for installation, cheap and have the speed meter function concurrently.

4. can adapt to the requirement (changing between 38～110V) that input voltage changes significantly.

5. be applicable to the various kinds of vehicles kind, the cab signal of various different systems, and must driver's Attended Operation, realize safety guarantee function.

The drawing explanation:

Fig. 1: system architecture diagram;

Fig. 2: automatic reset circuit;

Fig. 3: locomotive speed test interface circuit schematic diagram;

Fig. 4: input signal interface circuits;

Fig. 5: air draft control interface circuit;

Fig. 6: system power supply block diagram;

Fig. 7: power supply electrical schematic diagram;

Fig. 8: telltale block diagram;

Fig. 1 is the utility model system architecture diagram.Wherein: 1 major clock, 2 timers, 3 microprocessors, 4 reset circuits, 5 read-only memory (ROM)s, 6 random access memory, 7 control logic circuits, 8 interface circuits, 9 self-detection circuits, 10 air draft control circuits, 11 tachometer circuits, 12 incoming signal circuit, 13 telltales, 14 vent valves or unloading circuit, 15 speed measuring motors, 16 signal switch amounts.

The major clock 1 of CPU, by crystal oscillator (4MHZ) and phase inverter, compositions such as RC circuit wherein have one the tunnel for timer 2, by producing interrupt signal and various frequency signal behind the 74LS393 frequency division for interface 8 uses, read-only memory (ROM) 5(ROM2764) deposit fixed mode curve and watchdog routine.All inlets are all gone into by triple gate 74LS244 after light-coupled isolation, and all outlet ports is all gone out by latch 74LS273.Demonstration is the control dot matrix LEDs after actuator amplifies, and shows corresponding manner by telltale 13.Gating signal is produced by control logic, cooperate the technical application requirement with software, cause CPU to enter endless loop in order to prevent a variety of causes, ad hoc automatic reset circuit such as Fig. 2 of having counted, wherein: 1 major clock, 2 regularly, 3 microprocessors (Z80-CPU), 17 frequency dividers, 18 latch (74LS 273), during normal operation, instruction of the every execution of CPU, all to produce a working pulse, make capacitor C keep high potential through latch output through 05-00-frequency divider-05, in case CPU enters endless loop, no working pulse output, capacitor C discharge, become zero level, the RESET end of going into CPU makes cpu reset, and program re-executes, thereby has improved the reliability of machine.

Fig. 3 is a locomotive speed test interface circuit schematic diagram.Wherein: 19 slicers, 20 dressers, 21 lack detection circuits, 22 pulse combiner circuits, 23 buffer circuits, 24 self-detection circuits, 25 burst pulse restricting circuits, 26 serial-parallel converters.

Locomotive speed is inserted the A of the slicer 19 of tachometer circuit by the three-phase output line of speed measuring motor, B, C, behind amplitude limit, go into shaping circuit 20, after voltage comparator 339 amplifies shaping, go into pulse combiner circuit 22(AND OR NOT gate 74LS54) frequency pulse that is directly proportional with speed of output, pass through optical coupling isolation circuit 23(ITL117 again), input ' burst pulse restricting circuits ' 25, (00-05-74 link), 00 is NAND gate, be subjected to the dual control of input circuit and CPU, 74 is double D trigger, in order to the burst pulse output of restriction less than 0.5ms, normal input enters arbitrary carry system counting machine 393, and serial pulses is transformed into parallel sign indicating number, goes into cpu i/f triple gate (244) and 244 the regularly control of controlled logic (74LS139) of gating signal.Like this, handle in conjunction with software, CPU has been readable degree of testing the speed, and deposits reading in RAM.In order to prevent to have inserted phase shortage in the importation and detected 24, utilize CPU control regularly quantitatively to export pulse and check tachometer circuit and whether be in normal condition owing to judgements that lead to errors of service conductor broken string (phase shortage) or components and parts fault.

Fig. 4 is an input interface circuit, and wherein 27 input matrixes, 28 are taken turns footpath correction input, 29 actuators.

Signal input port is formed matrix by optocoupler, has adopted the mode of operation of time-sharing operation.Optocoupler the whether electric two states that writes down, go into cpu i/f triple gate (244) through handling by CPU behind the gating by matrix.Concrete processing method according to specific engineering factor by software set.Current inlet can be handled intermittent type cab signaling, also can handle continuous type cab signaling, thereby the equipment that guaranteed can combine with the cab signal of various standards.In order when equipment breaks down, to send alarm in advance, in input circuit, also designed self-detection circuit 24,29 is output drivers among Fig. 4, for time-sharing operation is established, 28 are the input of wheel footpath correction among Fig. 4, are the wheel footpath errors of having considered various vehicles, cause the velocity amplitude that is converted into different, so in input circuit, increased by four fine motion combined switches again, can be combined into 2 ⁴=16 kinds of different conditions are gone into cpu i/f triple gate (244), in order to the erection rate value.

Fig. 5 is an air draft control interface circuit.Wherein: 30 driving transform circuit, 31 control relays.Microprocessor 3(CPU) judgement of making is put into practice by carrying out link.For safe and reliable, adopted dynamical fashion.The air draft control command that CPU makes is by latch (273) output pulse string, through light-coupled isolation 23, amplify 30 through overdriving again, by transformer coupled output, by rectification, afterflow action control relay J, utilize the normally opened contact control air draft electromagnetic valve of J or the unloading circuit of diesel locomotive, implement emergency braking.In output circuit, also designed self-detection circuit, regularly to this link input single step pulse,, gone into cpu i/f triple gate 244, checked this link whether normal by CPU again through optocoupler by CPU.

Fig. 6 is the system power supply block diagram, and Fig. 7 is the power supply electrical schematic diagram.Wherein: 32 inputs, 33 directional circuit, 34 protection against overpressure circuit, 35 switching modes are adjusted link, 36 energy storage freewheeling circuits, 37 relay protection circuits, 38 sampling comparator circuits, 39 differential amplifier circuits, 40 integer amplifying circuits, 41 amplifying circuits, 42 voltage stabilizings output, 43 DC transfer circuit, 44 integrated three-terminal voltage-stabilizing sheets, 45 complete machine working powers.

The Applicable scope of localpower is 38～110V.Adopted switching mode to adjust link.Output voltage through sampling ratio is controlled the differential amplification of back level, amplifies through shaping to make it have switching characteristic again, controls and adjusts pipe, makes the switching frequency of adjusting pipe be subjected to sampling ratio control, thereby makes its tube voltage drop be proportional to output voltage, makes the output maintenance constant.This is first order voltage stabilizing measure, on this basis, inserts integrated three-terminal voltage-stabilizing sheet through dc inversion, further improves the stability of power supply, output complete machine working power.When input voltage surpasses 110V, superpressure is anti-protects automatic adhesive of relay and self-insurance, in order to cut off the circuit of back level, plays the effect of this machine of protection.

Fig. 8 is the telltale block diagram.Wherein: 46 horizontal drive circuits, 47 column drive circuits, 48 display matrixes.CPU output interface 8 is by the corresponding horizontal drive circuit 46(phase inverter of latch 273 controls) and the output of column drive circuit 47(1413-seven road Darlingtons) form 16 * 7 matrixes, light corresponding light-emitting diode.

Narrate working process of the present utility model below in conjunction with above-mentioned accompanying drawing:

Train running speed is gone into tachometer circuit 11 through clipper 19 by speed measuring motor 15 output lines (A, B, C), dresser 20, pulse combiner circuit 22, obtain the frequency pulse that is directly proportional with speed, go into burst pulse restricting circuits 25(through light-coupled isolation and prevent that the high frequency burr from bringing test error), go into microprocessor 3(CPU through serial-parallel converter 26 again) interface 8, read degree of testing the speed by CPU, and it is standby to deposit reading in RAM, pass through output interface 8 simultaneously, through horizontal drive circuit 46, column drive circuit 47, go into display matrix 48, light corresponding light-emitting diode.(line up a circle by green LED and show train real-world operation speed, every bright spot is spaced apart 2.5km/h.）

When ground-surface main running signal is shown as inhibit signal (red light), utilize the corresponding cab signal switching value 16(can be by getting on the cab signal repeater, or get in other place), by incoming signal circuit 12.Go into microprocessor 3 through interface 8, start the CPU dependent program, (the program among the ROM of being preset at is through conversion for machine output braking curve in due course, by interface 8, through horizontal drive circuit 46, column drive circuit 47, go into display matrix 48), braking curve is a circle emitting red light diode, in the train actual speed green LED outside, and the control rate of indication driver current driving.If the driver is through suitably handling, train real-world operation speed is shown below the curve at the braking mould all the time, is not then done any processing.If train real-world operation speed reaches or surmounts the desired speed of braking mode curve, then CPU promptly sends the air draft order, by carrying out link, through buffer circuit 23, driving transform circuit 30, the action control relay, and, force the train emergency braking by the unloading circuit of its normally opened contact control air draft electromagnetic valve or diesel locomotive.All self-detection circuits are all monitored by CPU, in case find fault, send alarm immediately, light red light Out of order, and the indication driver is vigilant.Reliable and stable mains connection set is established for system's reliable operation.In addition, also have five condition indicative signals on the panel: flashed green, expression machine normal operation; Green, expression has received cab signal; Red flash of light, expression pattern braking curve starts; Redness, expression have begun the air draft braking; Red flash of light, the expression machine is out of order, and needs withdraw from use.If because interference or other reasons make CPU enter endless loop, then automatic reset circuit forces CPU to restore, and program restarts to carry out.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of large-scale integration circuit that utilizes promptly uses microelectronic technique to come processing speed test interface, incoming signal interface, air draft control interface and the hardware logic electric circuit that detects certainly, form from reset function and unique display mode and the train system controlled by computer overspeed protection of drive program.Be characterized in:

   1, the velocity test interface is by the output (A of speed measuring motor, B, C) meet the input (A of clipper 19, B, C), its output connects the input of dresser 20, the output of dresser 20 connects the input of lack detection circuit 21 and pulse combiner circuit 22, the output of lack detection circuit 21 connects microprocessor 3 interfaces 8,22 outputs of pulse combiner circuit connect the input of buffer circuit 23, its output and self-detection circuit 24 also connect, they are by the interface 8 and frequency divider 17 controls of microprocessor 3, time-sharing operation, its output connects the input of burst pulse restricting circuits 25, the output of burst pulse restricting circuits 25 connects the input of serial-parallel converter 26, and its output connects the interface 8 (triple gate 244) of microprocessor 3.

   2, the incoming signal interface is by switching value input 16, the optocoupler input end of access matrix 27, the output of its output and self-detection circuit 24 also connects, be connected to the interface 8(triple gate 244 of microprocessor 3), the input of self-detection circuit 24 connects the interface 8(latch 273 of microprocessor 3), the correction input of wheel footpath is inserted the interface 8(triple gate 244 of microprocessor 3 by combined switch).

   3, the air draft control interface is by the interface 8(latch 273 of microprocessor 3) output connects the input of buffer circuit 23, its output connects the input of driving transform circuit 30, the output of driving transform circuit 30 connects the input of the control relay 31 and the self-detection circuit 24 of serial connection, and self-monitoring output connects the interface 8(triple gate 244 of microprocessor 3).

   4, inboard one circle of telltale 13 is mounted with the green LED of indication real-world operation speed, and the cooresponding outside one circle is mounted with the red light emitting diodes that shows the car-parking model curve, and interposition is equipped with five condition indicative signals.The interface 8(latch 273 of microprocessor 3) inserts the input of horizontal drive circuit 46 and column drive circuit 47 respectively, its output control display matrix 48(16 * 7 light-emitting diodes).

   5, constant voltage power suspply is by directional circuit 33; protection against overpressure circuit 34, switching mode is adjusted link 35, energy storage freewheeling circuit 36; relay protection circuit 37; sampling comparator circuit 38, differential amplifier circuit 39, shaping amplification circuit 40; amplifying circuit 41; voltage-stabilizing output circuit 42, DC transfer circuit 43, integrated three-terminal voltage-stabilizing sheet 44 is formed.

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