CN206057366U - A kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device, including single-chip microcomputer and the connected wind speed Acquisition Circuit of difference, wind direction Acquisition Circuit, the wind speed Acquisition Circuit gathers air speed data using pressure transducer, and single-chip microcomputer process is given by the data is activation of collection, shown the air speed data of measurement again by display circuit, the wind direction Acquisition Circuit gathers the signal of the wind vane anglec of rotation using photoelectric encoder, wind direction is processed and is calculated by single-chip microcomputer, and the wind direction data of measurement is shown by display circuit.The pressure transducer of the wind speed Acquisition Circuit, from silicon micro-pressure sensor.The numerical value of measuring wind speed is shown from LCDs.The photoelectric encoder of the wind direction Acquisition Circuit adopts absolute optical encoder.From common anode connection LED charactrons come show wind direction measurement numerical value.This utility model circuit is simple, high precision, small volume, low cost, easily realizes.

Description

A kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device

Technical field

This utility model is related to wind speed and direction e measurement technology, more particularly to a kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measurement dress Put.

Background technology

Wind is the Nature generally existing, and the appearance of wind this definition and to proceed by measurement be then have going through for a long time History, at slave society's initial stage, the people of China begin to carry out simply measuring and judging, simply measurement side at that time Method judged by flag, and carrying out judgement wind direction and wind velocity, this method can only for the direction of a flag blowing and flat rate Simply judged, and the measurement of wind direction and wind velocity is had certain development in further being developed for the Eastern Han Dynasty, but surveyed Remain when amount and can only be judged, and accurate value cannot be drawn, but currently use sensor just to measure The accurate wind direction and wind velocity at a certain moment is will be understood that, while the meansigma methodss of the wind direction and wind velocity of a certain section of calculating can also be carried out. At present, in industrial and agricultural production field, the automatic streamline production line of factory, equipment for automatically processing are all employed various in large quantities The sensor of various kinds, they are being produced with rationalizing, and mitigate the labor intensity of people, it is to avoid harmful operation has played huge Big effect.In military and national defense field, various detection equipments, infrared night vision detection, radar tracking, the precise guidance of weapon do not have There is sensor to be difficult to.In aerospace field, air control, navigation, the flight management of aircraft and automatic Pilot, instrument Table landing blind landing system, is required for sensor.The remote sensing remote measurement of artificial satellite is all closely related with sensor.Without sensor, Realize that such function is impossible.The sensor for using both at home and abroad and its part mostly with machinery based on, it is such Sensor is usually that volume is big, and certainty of measurement is not high, and response time is long, and sensitivity is low, expensive.And, their circuit Complexity, area occupied are big.In order that the certainty of measurement of sensor, stability and reliability are all higher, while avoiding loaded down with trivial details machine Tool is driven, and, towards miniaturization, low-power consumption is integrated for the research direction of sensor, intelligent direction development.

Utility model content

This utility model purpose is：A kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device is provided, circuit is met simply, essence Degree is high, small volume, low cost, and easily realizes.

The technical solution of the utility model is：

A kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device, including single-chip microcomputer and the connected wind speed collection electricity of difference Road, wind direction Acquisition Circuit, the wind speed Acquisition Circuit gather air speed data, and the data is activation that will be gathered using pressure transducer Single-chip microcomputer process is given, then the air speed data for measuring is shown by display circuit, the wind direction Acquisition Circuit is adopted using photoelectric encoder The signal of the collection wind vane anglec of rotation, is processed and is calculated wind direction, and shown measurement by display circuit by single-chip microcomputer Wind direction data.

Preferably, the pressure transducer of the wind speed Acquisition Circuit, from silicon micro-pressure sensor.

Preferably, from LCDs showing the numerical value of measuring wind speed.

Preferably, the photoelectric encoder of the wind direction Acquisition Circuit adopts absolute optical encoder.

Preferably, from common anode connection LED charactrons come show wind direction measurement numerical value.

The utility model has the advantages that：

This utility model circuit is simple, high precision, small volume, low cost, easily realizes.

Description of the drawings

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is further described to this utility model：

Fig. 1 is hardware system block diagram block diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system of the present utility model；

Fig. 3 is power circuit diagram of the present utility model；

Fig. 4 is measuring wind speed signal amplifier circuit figure of the present utility model；

Fig. 5 is wind direction Acquisition Circuit figure of the present utility model.

Specific embodiment

As described in Figure 1, the SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device disclosed in this utility model, including power supply electricity Road, single-chip microcomputer and the reset circuit being connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively, clock circuit, wind speed Acquisition Circuit, wind direction Acquisition Circuit, display Circuit, the single-chip microcomputer, reset circuit, clock circuit constitute Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, and the display circuit includes liquid crystal display circuit With LED digital pipe display circuits；The wind speed Acquisition Circuit using pressure transducer gather air speed data, and by collection Data is activation gives single-chip microcomputer process, then the air speed data for measuring is shown by liquid crystal display circuit, and the wind direction Acquisition Circuit is adopted Photoelectric encoder gathers the signal of the wind vane anglec of rotation, and wind direction is processed and calculated by single-chip microcomputer, and digital by LED Pipe shows the wind direction data of measurement.

Single-chip microcomputer is one of core component of this system, and AT89S52 is a kind of low-power consumption, 8 microcontrollers of high-performance CMOS Device, with 8K in-system programmable components flash storages.With following standard feature：8k bytes Flash, 256 bytes RAM, 32 I/O mouth lines, WatchDog Timer, 2 data pointers, three 16 bit timing devices/enumerators, one 6 vectorial 2 grades of interrupt structures, Full duplex serial port, crystal oscillator and clock circuit in piece.In addition, AT89S52 can be down to the operation of 0Hz static logics, 2 kinds of softwares are supported Optional energy-saving mode.Under idle pulley, CPU quits work, it is allowed to which RAM, timer/counter, serial ports, interruption continue work Make.Under power down protection mode, RAM contents are saved, and agitator is frozen, single-chip microcomputer all work stop, in the next one Till disconnected or hardware reset.

As described in Figure 2, as this utility model is not due to being very high to time requirement, as long as pressing system clock circuit in figure It is designed, and stable operation, but due to C1, C2 electric capacity in figure, to play system clock frequency micro- Reconcile stable effect, therefore, it is certain in actual applications it is noted that correct selection parameter, typically in 5～30pF.The system is adopted It is RC reset circuits.The essence of RC reset circuits is single order charge-discharge circuit, and when system button is pressed, the circuit is provided with Reset signal RST of effect（High level）, while electric capacity is shorted electric discharge；When button unclamps, VCC charges to electric capacity, charging current On resistance, RST is still high level, is still resetted, and after charging complete, equivalent to open circuit, RST is low level to electric capacity, normally Work.

As shown in figure 3, in the design of power circuit, in order to provide a system to reliable electric current, Transformer Selection 220V- The transformator of 12V-2A, rectification adopt diode full-bridge rectification mode, and negative current is integrated into forward direction, for rectification safety, The maximum current flow through in diode should be greater than the average current for flowing through, and the peak value of back voltage of diode should be than diode in electricity The highest backward voltage born in road is twice left and right, therefore can select 2C12D diodes.The capacitor of filter circuit compared with Greatly, so typically adopting electrolysis condenser, which has polarity, is also contemplated that pressure during selection.In order to provide one surely to circuit A kind of linear semiconductor device 7805 of the comparative maturity that fixed electric current is developed from National Semiconductor here, the chip is Positive mu balanced circuit, TO220 encapsulation can provide the output voltage of various fixations, applied range, and it is overheated to include, excessively stream, transships guarantor Protection circuit.Chip completes the voltage stabilizing to power supply, there is employed herein 7805 chips, the voltage of output can meet the needs of system.

As the pressure of wind is less than 2KP, so a micro-pressure sensor will be selected, wind speed collection of the present utility model SMI series silicon micro-pressure sensor SM5551-001-D of the circuit from the U.S..SM5551-001-D pressure transducers are that one kind will Device of the pressure conversion into current/voltage, can be used to measure the physical quantitys such as pressure, displacement.The range of this pressure transducer is 2KP, input voltage are 5V, and 10V during maximum voltage, maximum output current are 3mA.Its output voltage is 25mv to 75mv.It is micro- Pressure sensor collection signal passes sequentially through signal amplifier and AD converters, carries out signal amplification and changes into digital signal, then It is sent to single-chip microcomputer.

As described in Figure 4, the selection quality of signal amplifier is also very crucial to improving certainty of measurement, and this utility model is selected LM324.LM324 family devices are the low-cost four-operational amplifier with very differential input.With single supply application scenario Standard operational amplifier compare, they have some remarkable advantages.The amplifier can work low to 3.0 volts or height is to 32 Under the power supply of volt, quiescent current for the quiescent current of MC1741 1/5th.Common-mode input range includes negative supply, thus disappears Except the necessity in many application scenarios using external bias element.It has 5 leading foots, and wherein "+", "-" is two Signal input part, " V+ ", " V- " are positive and negative power end, and " Vo " is outfan.In two signal input parts, Vi-（-）For anti-phase Input, represents that the signal of amplifier output end vo is contrary with the position of the input；Vi+（+）For in-phase input end, represent that amplifier is defeated Go out to hold the signal of Vo identical with the phase place of the input.

This utility model AD converters select ADC0832, and which is 8 bit resolution A/D conversion chips, and its highest is differentiated reachable 256 grades, it is adapted to general analog quantity conversion requirements.Its internal electric source is input into the multiplexing with reference voltage so that chip Analog voltage is input between 0 ~ 5V.Chip conversion time is only 32 μ S, can be as data check, to subtract according to there is Double Data to export Few error in data, conversion speed is fast and stability is strong.Independent chip enables input, controls many device mountings and processor What is become is convenient.By DI data input pins, the selection of channel function can be easily realized.

In order to more intuitively see the size of the wind speed of measurement, we show measurement with LCDs here Numerical value.Here the chip selected is LM016L.

Wind direction circuit part is as shown in Figure 5.Measurement wind direction drives wind vane to rotate and drive main shaft, sensor to survey using wind A kind of method of the amount using the measurement of various direction sensor travel directions, herein from absolute optical encoder, its output Signal can be binary-coded decimal, directly can be received by single-chip microcomputer, and also very high use than resistance sensor is more convenient for sensitivity. And absolute type encoder has a zero reference point, wind direction requires individual pen measurement, and scope is in 0-360 °, it is possible to use zero Potential reference point resets to the measurement result of every circle, exports reset signal to single-chip microcomputer, even if power-off or other reasonses draw Playing measurement delay does not also affect, because his measurement result is only relevant with position in front and back.The precision of absolute type encoder with Its digit is relevant, that is, his output signal line number, accuracy computation formula be F=360 °/2*（Wherein * is digit）, Exported from four herein.

Above-described embodiment only to illustrate technology design of the present utility model and feature, its object is to allow and be familiar with technique People will appreciate that content of the present utility model and implement according to this, protection domain of the present utility model can not be limited with this.It is all According to the modification done by the spirit of this utility model main technical schemes, should all cover in protection domain of the present utility model Within.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device, it is characterised in that：It is connected including single-chip microcomputer and difference Wind speed Acquisition Circuit, wind direction Acquisition Circuit and display circuit, the wind speed Acquisition Circuit gather wind speed number using pressure transducer According to, and single-chip microcomputer process is given by the data is activation of collection, then the air speed data for measuring is shown by display circuit, the wind direction collection Circuit gathers the signal of the wind vane anglec of rotation using photoelectric encoder, wind direction is processed and calculated by single-chip microcomputer, and is led to Cross the wind direction data that display circuit shows measurement.

2. SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wind speed collection The pressure transducer of circuit, from silicon micro-pressure sensor.

3. SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that select liquid crystal display The numerical value for shielding to show measuring wind speed.

4. SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the wind direction collection The photoelectric encoder of circuit adopts absolute optical encoder.

5. SCM Based wind speed and direction measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that from common anode connection LED charactrons come show wind direction measurement numerical value.