CN206056473U - The detection means of heavy section three-dimensional bending part - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering, and relates to a detection device for a three-dimensional curved part of a large profile, which is composed of a detection workbench, at least one bracket, at least one detection template and at least three positioning support templates; On the platform, the detection model and the positioning support model are installed on the brackets respectively. The utility model determines the contour error value of the workpiece by measuring the gap value between the contour of the three-dimensional bending part positioned on the detection device and the detection template on the detection device, and can also measure the three-dimensional bending control curve of the workpiece at the cross section of the detection template. Point coordinate value. The detection device constructs the positioning reference and cross-sectional profile detection reference of large-scale three-dimensional curved parts. Since the brackets can be arranged arbitrarily on the testing workbench, the brackets can be adapted to the testing and measurement of various profile bending parts, and belong to a flexible testing device.

Description

Inspection device for three-dimensional bending parts of large profiles

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering, and relates to a detection device for a three-dimensional curved part of a large-scale profile, which is suitable for on-site rapid detection of the profile degree of a workpiece during the manufacturing process of the three-dimensional curved part of a large-scale profile.

Background technique

For three-dimensional bending and forming workpieces of large profiles, the contour of the workpiece is a must-check item. There are two main detection methods. One is the method of using general-purpose measuring equipment. The commonly used measuring equipment includes three-dimensional measuring machine detection and laser scanning measuring machine. etc.; the other is the common method of measuring with integral gages and other tools.

Among the commonly used measuring equipment, the large-scale three-coordinate measuring machine is expensive, occupies a large area, has high requirements for the detection environment, and has very low detection efficiency. It uses a probe to read the surface data of the formed part, and uses the read data to fit and compare the surface of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the tested part for measurement. The detection efficiency is very low and cannot be adapted to mass production on the production site. Requirements for parts and rapid adjustment of equipment, molds, etc. are generally only used as sampling tests after a stable production process.

The cost of the laser scanning measuring machine is also about one million. It scans the surface of the formed part to read the point cloud data of the part surface, and uses the read data to fit and compare the surface of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the detected part for measurement. The detection efficiency is also very low, and it cannot adapt to the requirements of mass production of parts on the production site and the requirements for rapid adjustment of equipment, molds, etc. Generally, it is only used for sampling inspection or imitation surveying and mapping after the stable production process.

The method of measuring the integral inspection tool with other tools is to use the three-dimensional mathematical model of the part to establish the positioning and measurement reference of the inspection tool, and measure the part by measuring the gap value between the actual part and the inspection reference of the inspection tool as the measurement data. High efficiency, widely used in stamping parts production. However, this detection method requires a set of inspection tools for each part. The number of inspection tools is high, the cost is high, and the area is large. It is not suitable for the inspection and measurement of multiple varieties and small batches of parts.

Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a general detection device and detection method that can adapt to the detection and measurement requirements of the profile of three-dimensional curved parts of large profiles, which has broad application prospects and potential market value.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a detection device for three-dimensional curved parts of large-scale profiles, which has the advantages of simple structure, good versatility, strong adaptability and low cost.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions, now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:

A detection device for a three-dimensional curved part of a large profile, consisting of a detection workbench 1, at least one bracket 5, at least one detection template 11 and at least three positioning support templates 9; the bracket 5 is fixed on the detection workbench 1, and the detection The template 11 and the positioning support template 9 are installed on the brackets 5 respectively, and each bracket 5 can be equipped with two detection templates 11; The base is provided with two positioning holes with a pitch of 100 mm; the upper surface of the detection workbench 1 is a reference plane in the height direction, and an array of equidistant positioning holes with a pitch of 100 mm is provided along the horizontal and vertical directions; the detection template 11 and the positioning support template 9 are respectively used to detect the workpiece contour error and the positioning of the workpiece 10 on the detection device.

The support 5 passes through the base hole and the positioning hole array on the detection workbench 1 through two positioning pins 4 to position each support 5 on the horizontal plane position on the detection workbench 1, and then the support 5 is fixed by the pressure plate 2 through the screw 3. 5 is fixed on the detection workbench 1; the detection template 11 and the positioning support template 9 are passed through two positioning screws 6 through the upper hole and two adjacent equidistant holes on the column of the bracket 5 to detect the template 11 and the positioning The supporting template 9 is positioned in the height direction on the detection workbench 1 , and then the detection template 11 and the positioning support template 9 are fixed on the bracket 5 by the washer 7 and the nut 8 .

The column is a rectangular column or a square column.

The two holed surfaces of the column are the positioning surfaces of the test template 11, and the distance between the two holed surfaces is 50 mm.

The brackets 5 can be arranged arbitrarily on the detection workbench 1 .

A detection method for a three-dimensional curved piece of a large profile, comprising the following steps:

A. Determination of the spatial position of the inspected three-dimensional bending part on the inspection table 1:

Taking the cross-sectional profile of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the three-dimensional bending part as the positioning reference of the detection device, the three-dimensional mathematical model of the workpiece is transformed to adapt to the coordinate system space of the detection device, that is, the workpiece 10 is within the range of the detection workbench 1;

B. Installation of bracket 5:

The position of each support 5 on the detection workbench 1 is determined by the spatial position of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the workpiece on the detection device, and the two positioning holes on the base of the support 5 are aligned with the nearest two holes on the detection workbench 1, and Ensure that the column does not touch the workpiece, and arrange the support 5 along the length direction of the workpiece 10 to fill the entire workpiece to be measured;

C. The production of the basic drawing of the model

Use the side of the column on which the detection template 11 is installed on the bracket 5 as the tool plane to cut the mathematical model of the workpiece to obtain the contour line of the digital-analog cross-section of the detection template at the cut surface; make a rectangular planar sheet on the tool plane, and use two The center of the positioning hole is the center, and two circle center cross lines are drawn on the cutting plane; the digital-analog cross-section outline, the circle center cross line and the rectangle are projected together, and converted into a CAD plan, which is defined as the model basic map. And each test template basic map should be marked and recorded;

D. Design and production of inspection tool test sample 11

Use the template basic drawing obtained in step C as an enlarged similarity drawing of the cross-section contour line graphics, and the distance between the enlarged drawing and the original drawing is determined according to the contour tolerance of the three-dimensional curved part of the profile; the obtained enlarged drawing is deleted and the necessary lines are taken as For the detection reference line of the workpiece, make an appropriate supplementary line at the end and intersect it on the rectangle of the template basic diagram, trim the template rectangle to form the detection reference line of the opening; make a positioning hole and mark it with the intersection point of the marked cross line as the center of the circle Tolerance; select a flat steel plate of appropriate thickness, complete the design of the test sample diagram, and mark it;

E. Design and manufacture of positioning support template 9

Based on the basic drawing of the model obtained in step C, delete the cross-sectional outline drawing and take the necessary lines as the positioning support line of the workpiece, make appropriate supplementary lines at the end and intersect on the model rectangle, trim the model rectangle to form an opening Positioning support line; take the intersection point of the marked cross line as the center of the circle to make the positioning hole and mark the tolerance; select a flat steel plate of appropriate thickness, complete the design and manufacture of the positioning support template 9, and mark it;

F. Fabrication and assembly of contour detection device

Position and fix the finished test sample 11 on the side of the column corresponding to the bracket 5 and the positioning hole according to the marks on it with two screws 6, washers 7 and nuts 8; place the bracket 5 with the fixed sample on the mark Two pins 4, a pressure plate 2 and a screw 3 are fixed on the detection workbench 1; all the detection templates 11 and brackets 5 are fixed according to the marks in order to complete the manufacture and assembly of the contour detection device of the three-dimensional bending forming part;

G. Measurement of the gap between the outer contour of the workpiece and the test reference line of the test sample

Put the three-dimensional bending and forming workpiece into the detection device according to the set position, and make appropriate adjustments to the workpiece 10 so that it can be reliably positioned on the positioning support template 9. After the workpiece 10 is completely positioned on the detection device, it can be used Use a feeler gauge or a readable measuring tool to measure the gap between the outer contour of the workpiece and the detection reference line of the test sample, and read and record the gap value according to the position of the test sample 11;

H. Determine the qualification of the workpiece

According to the technical requirements of the workpiece, the qualification of the workpiece is determined by the contour error value of the workpiece 10 at any test sample, and the out-of-tolerance position of the workpiece is quickly determined according to the contour error value, and the workpiece is adjusted or the mold and equipment are adjusted. .

In step A, at least three cross-sectional contours are selected as positioning references.

In step C, the rectangular planar sheet should include at least two positioning holes on the column.

In step D, the distance between the enlarged image and the original image is generally set at 5 mm.

In step H, the profile error value=measured gap value−5mm.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model has all the advantages of the integrated three-dimensional bending part of the profile, that is, the detection is convenient, fast, intuitive and accurate; at the same time, it has a flexible detection device The characteristics of the inspection work platform and a set of inspection fixture brackets are common parts. Almost all parts inspection work can be done with only one inspection work platform and a set of inspection fixture brackets with a set of inspection templates and positioning support templates for each part. Construct a set of monolithic gages. As a result, the manufacturing costs and space occupation of the workpiece detection device are substantially reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the detection device of the utility model large profile three-dimensional bending piece in the workpiece detection state;

Fig. 2 is the top view that the mathematical model of the workpiece of the present invention is within the scope of the detection device;

Fig. 3 is the assembling diagram of the positioning relationship between the detection template, the positioning support template and the height support of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the assembly diagram of the fixed relationship between the height support of the utility model and the detection work platform;

Fig. 5 is the template basic figure obtained after the utility model cuts the workpiece digital model;

Fig. 6 is the similar enlargement figure of the cross-sectional profile figure on the utility model model foundation figure;

Fig. 7 is the detection template figure that the utility model utilizes the template basic figure to design after pruning;

Fig. 8 is that the utility model utilizes the template basic diagram to design and complete the positioning support template diagram after pruning;

Fig. 9 is a diagram of the relationship between the actual parts of the utility model on the testing device and the testing template.

In the figure, 1. Testing table 2. Press plate 3. Screw 4. Locating pin 5. Bracket 6. Screw 7. Washer 8. Nut 9. Positioning support sample 10. Work piece 11. Test sample.

detailed description

Describe the embodiment of the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the utility model is not limited thereto:

As shown in Figure 1, a detection device for a three-dimensional curved part of a large profile consists of a detection table 1 provided with an equidistant hole array, at least one bracket 5, at least one detection template, at least three positioning support templates 9 and positioning Pin 4, pressing plate 2, nut 8, washer 7 and screw 6 constitute. Except for the detection model 11, the other parts of the device are standard parts, which can meet the detection and measurement requirements of most workpieces.

The basic part of the detection device is the detection workbench 1, and the size of the detection workbench 1 should be determined according to the size of the largest workpiece 10 in the three-dimensional curved part of the large profile to be detected. The upper surface of the detection table 1 is finished, and this surface is the reference plane in the height direction of the inspection tool. On the upper surface of the detection workbench 1, an array of equidistant holes is machined longitudinally and transversely, with a hole pitch of 100mm, and threaded holes for fixing are machined at the center of the square formed by every four positioning holes.

As shown in Figure 2, in order to facilitate the description and the management and marking of the detection templates of different parts, the horizontal direction on the detection workbench 1 is defined as the X coordinate direction; the vertical direction is defined as the Y coordinate direction; the normal line on the upper surface of the detection workbench 1 The direction is defined as the Z coordinate direction; the position of the hole on the inspection tool table can be expressed as (Xn, Yn) (n is 1, 2, 3, 4, ... n). The positions of all holes detected on the workbench 1 by this method have a unique number.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the bracket 5 is composed of a base and a column, wherein the column is rectangular or square, and the column and the base are fixed as one. There is a group of equidistant holes arranged along the height direction on the upright, the hole distance is 100mm, the number of the holes on the upright is , the first hole closest to the bottom surface of the base is marked as Z1, and the other holes are marked as Z2, Z3, ... Zn. Use the two holes thereon to locate the detection template 11 or to locate the support template 9. The two holed surfaces (sides) of the column are the positioning surfaces of the test sample 11, and the distance between the two holed surfaces is generally 1/2 of the platform hole pitch, ie 50mm. Two positioning holes are processed on the base of the support 5, and the hole distance and aperture are processed according to the hole distance and aperture size of the detection workbench 1, and the center line of the two holes on the base is perpendicular to the hole axis space on the column. The height of the bracket 5 is determined according to the workpiece 10 of the highest height among the parts to be inspected. The bracket 5 is used to establish the spatial relationship between the template and the detection workbench 1 .

Using the hole array on the detection platform 1 and the two positioning holes on the base of the bracket 5, several brackets 5 can be arranged and arranged according to the position of the large profile three-dimensional bending part (workpiece) on the detection device to form a bracket group A group, that is, a group of inspection templates that construct an artifact.

The detection of the workpiece should first determine the positioning reference of the workpiece to be inspected. The positioning reference should ensure that the workpiece is accurately positioned on the detection device and easy to measure, and the workpiece should be placed on the detection device stably and reliably. Since the three-dimensional curved parts of large profiles are slender curved parts, such parts are generally formed by stretching, bending and twisting, and there are generally neither planes nor straight lines on them. Therefore, we choose the cross-sectional profile of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the part as the positioning reference of the detection device. Since the workpiece 10 is generally arc-shaped, in order to ensure the stability of the workpiece 10, it is necessary to select at least three cross-sectional contours as positioning references.

Example 1

A detection device for three-dimensional curved parts of large profiles is composed of a detection workbench 1, 15 height supports 5, 27 detection templates 11 and three positioning support templates 9. The bracket 5 is fixed on the detection workbench 1, and the detection template 11 and the positioning support template 9 are respectively positioned and installed on the bracket 5 through two equidistant holes on the column. The upper surface of the detection workbench 1 is a reference plane in the height direction, and the detection workbench 1 is machined with a hole array of 120 positioning holes with a pitch of 100mm×100mm along the X coordinate direction and the Y coordinate direction.

Described support 5 is made of base and upright post, and upright post is square, and is provided with 5 positioning holes equidistantly along the height direction on it, and hole pitch is 100mm, and the two sides of upright post are the positioning surfaces of detection model 11, between two sides The distance between the two positioning holes is 50mm; there are two positioning holes on the base, the distance and diameter of the positioning holes are the same as those of the detection workbench 1, and the center line of the two positioning holes is vertical to the axis of the hole on the column.

Example 2

The detection of the workpiece should first determine the positioning reference of the workpiece 10 to be inspected. The positioning reference should ensure that the positioning of the workpiece 10 on the detection device is accurate and easy to measure, and the workpiece 10 should be placed on the detection device stably and reliably. Since the three-dimensional curved profile is a slender curved part, this kind of workpiece 10 is generally formed by stretching, bending and twisting, and there is generally neither plane nor straight line on it. Therefore, we choose the cross-sectional profile of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the workpiece as the positioning reference of the detection device. Since the workpiece is generally arc-shaped, in order to ensure the stability of the workpiece, at least three cross-sectional contours must be selected as the positioning reference.

A three-dimensional mathematical model of a large profile three-dimensional bending part is selected, and after a reasonable coordinate transformation, it is adapted to the coordinate system space of the detection device, that is, the workpiece is within the range of the detection work platform 1. This work needs to comprehensively consider whether the workpiece is stable and reliable on the positioning support template 9; whether there is interference in the pick-and-place of the workpiece; Determine the position of each support 5 on the detection work platform 1 according to the spatial position of the three-dimensional mathematical model of the large profile three-dimensional bending piece on the detection device, and place the two supports on the base of the support 5 on the principle that the column does not touch the workpiece as the nearest principle. Two positioning holes are aligned with the nearest two holes on the detection workbench 1, that is, the position of the support 5 is determined. According to this method, the brackets 5 are arranged along the length direction of the workpiece to fill up the area to be measured of the entire large profile three-dimensional curved piece.

Using the holed surface of the column on which the test sample is installed on the bracket 5 as the tool plane to cut the mathematical model of the three-dimensional curved part of the large profile, the contour line of the digital model section of the test sample at the cut surface can be obtained. Make a rectangular planar slice on the tool plane. The size of the rectangle can be determined by the designer, but at least it should include two positioning holes on the upright. Take the center of the two positioning holes on the upright as the center and make two on the cutting plane. The center crosshair of the circle. Make the projection drawing of the digital-analog cross-section contour line, the center cross line and the rectangle together, and convert it into a CAD plan. This plan is defined as the model basic drawing, as shown in Figure 5. Each basic drawing of the testing template should be marked and recorded, and the content of the marking and recording should include:

a. The hole position numbers (Xn, Yn) of the bracket 5 on the detection work platform 1;

b. The hole position number (Zn, Zn) of the test sample on the column;

c. On the left or right side of the support column 5.

With the template basic diagram, the testing template 11 and the positioning support template 9 can be designed and manufactured. The detection template is installed on the third and fourth holes on the left side of the support 5, and the support 5 is installed on the two positioning holes of the second row, the third row, and the fourth row on the detection workbench 1.

Design and manufacture of inspection fixture inspection samples

Use the acquired template basic drawing to make an enlarged drawing of the similar shape of the cross-sectional outline figure. The distance between the enlarged drawing and the original drawing is determined according to the contour tolerance of the three-dimensional curved part of the profile, and is generally set to 5mm. As shown in Figure 6. Appropriately delete the obtained enlarged graphics and take the necessary lines as the detection reference line of the workpiece 10, make appropriate supplementary lines at the end and intersect them on the rectangle of the template basic diagram, trim the template rectangle to form the detection reference line of the opening Wire. Make a positioning hole with the marked intersection of the crosshairs as the center and mark the tolerance. Select a 3mm flat steel plate, complete the design of the test sample diagram, and mark it. As shown in Figure 7, complete the design of the test sample, and manufacture it as shown in the figure.

Design and manufacture of positioning support model 9

Select at least three graphics with the obtained template basic diagram, properly delete the cross-sectional outline graphics and take the necessary lines as the positioning support line of the workpiece, make appropriate supplementary lines at the end and intersect on the template rectangle ; Trim the template rectangle to form a positioning support line for the opening; make a positioning hole with the marked intersection of the cross lines as the center of the circle and mark the tolerance. Select a flat steel plate with a thickness of 3mm, complete the design and manufacture of the positioning support template 9, and mark it, as shown in Figure 8. The figure shows that the positioning support template 9 is installed on the third and fourth hole positions on the left side of the height support 5, and the height support 5 is installed on the two positioning positions of the first row, the third row, and the fourth row on the detection workbench 1. hole position.

Position the completed test sample 11 with two screws 6, washers 7 and nuts 8 according to the marks, and fix it on the corresponding column side and positioning hole on the bracket 5; The mark is positioned on the corresponding position of the detection workbench 1 with two positioning pins 4 , and fixed on the detection workbench 1 with screws 3 and a pressure plate 2 . Fix all the templates and brackets 5 according to the marks in turn. So far, the fabrication and assembly of the contour detection device for three-dimensional curved large-scale profiles has been completed. When the detection device is used to detect three-dimensional bending parts of other profiles, it only needs to make a set of samples according to the above steps and reassemble them, which is the flexibility of the device.

Put the bent three-dimensional bending part on the positioning support template 9 of the detection device according to the set position, and make proper adjustments to the workpiece 10 so that it can be reliably positioned on the positioning support template 9 . After the workpiece 10 is completely positioned on the detection device, the gap between the outer contour of the workpiece and the detection reference line of the detection template can be measured with a feeler gauge or a readable measuring tool, and the gap value is read and recorded according to the position of the detection template, as shown in Figure 9 shown.

Since the detection template 11 presets the gap value of 5 mm when the workpiece 10 is in an error-free state, the profile error value of the workpiece 10 at any detection template can be expressed by the following expression.

Profile error value = measured gap value - 5mm.

When the measured gap value is equal to 5mm, it means that the profile error value of the workpiece at this template is 0; when the profile error value is positive or negative, it indicates the profile error direction of the workpiece 10 at this template. According to the technical requirements of the parts, determine whether the parts are qualified or not. According to the profile error value, the out-of-tolerance position of the workpiece 10 can be quickly determined, and the workpiece 10 can be calibrated or the mold and equipment can be adjusted. This detection and measurement device can be used to carry out necessary scribing, marking, etc. on the formed workpiece.

The utility model determines the contour error value of the workpiece by measuring the gap value between the contour of the three-dimensional bending part positioned on the detection device and the detection sample 11 on the detection device, and can measure the three-dimensional bending control curve of the workpiece at the cross section of the detection sample The point coordinate value of . The detection template group should at least cover the effective area of the entire workpiece. The detection device constructs the positioning reference and cross-sectional profile detection reference of large-scale profile three-dimensional bending parts. The brackets 5 can be arranged arbitrarily on the detection workbench 1, and can be adapted to the detection and measurement of various profile bending parts, belonging to a flexible detection device.

Claims (5)

1. A detection device for a three-dimensional curved part of a large profile, characterized in that it consists of a detection workbench (1), at least one support (5), at least one detection template (11) and at least three positioning support templates (9) ; The support (5) is fixed on the detection workbench (1), the detection model (11) and the positioning support model (9) are installed on the support (5) respectively, and each support (5) can install two detection Template (11); the support (5) is made of a base and a column, the columns are arranged along the height direction with equidistant holes with a 100mm hole spacing, and the base is provided with two positioning holes with a 100mm hole spacing; the detection workbench (1) The upper surface is the reference plane in the height direction, which is provided with an equidistant positioning hole array with a hole pitch of 100mm along the horizontal and vertical directions; the detection template (11) and the positioning support template (9) are used to detect the contour error of the workpiece respectively And the positioning of the workpiece (10) on the detection device. 2. A detection device for a large profile three-dimensional curved piece according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bracket (5) passes through the base hole and the detection workbench (1) through two positioning pins (4) The positioning hole array on the top is positioned in the horizontal direction of the detection workbench (1), and then fixed on the detection workbench (1) by the pressure plate (2) through screws (3); the detection template (11) and the positioning support template (9 ) through the two positioning screws (6) respectively through the upper opening and the two adjacent equidistant holes on the column of the bracket (5) to position in the height direction of the detection workbench (1), and then the washer (7) and the nut (8) are respectively fixed on the support (5). 3. A detection device for a three-dimensional curved large profile according to claim 1, wherein the column is a rectangular column or a square column. 4. the detection device of a kind of large profile three-dimensional bending piece according to claim 3, is characterized in that: two band hole surfaces of described column are the positioning planes of detection template (11), and the distance between two band hole surfaces is 50mm. 5. A detection device for large three-dimensional curved parts of profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the brackets (5) can be arranged arbitrarily on the detection workbench (1).