CN206040962U - Electronic frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra -wideband antenna, including medium base plate, radiation paster, microstrip feeder, ultra wide band multimode resonator, ground connection direct current feeder panel, PIN pipe, narrowband syntonizer, ground plate and coaxial cable, the medium base plate includes relative first surface and second surface, radiation paster, microstrip feeder, ultra wide band multimode resonator, ground connection direct current feeder panel, PIN pipe and narrowband syntonizer all paste the first surface of locating the medium base plate, and the second surface of medium base plate is located in the ground plate subsides, coaxial cable includes outer conductor and inner conductor, and inner conductor and microstrip feeder link to each other, and outer conductor and ground plate link to each other. Multimode resonator through controlling the break -make that PIN managed, can realize the switching between antenna ultra wide band mode and the narrowband mode for the antenna provides good stop band inhibitory action, and freely adjusting of antenna narrowband frequency can be realized to the narrowband syntonizer to and frequency restructural characteristic multi -functional, miniaturized and the ultra wide band.

Description

Electronic frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna.

Background technique

With the development of modern wireless technology, the antenna, as an important part of the wireless communication system, has multiple functions, small size, and ultra-wideband has become an important direction of antenna research. Among them, reconfigurable ultra-wideband antennas are a major research hotspot. The main methods to realize electronically controlled frequency reconfiguration are as follows: First, the method of mechanical movement is used to realize the frequency reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna. However, this method uses mechanical method, the accuracy of mode switching cannot be guaranteed, and the antenna is large in size; second, the mutual switching between two frequency points is realized by using PIN tubes and multiple radiation branches, but this method only has the function of switching on a single frequency point, and does not It has ultra-wideband characteristics and electronically controlled frequency frequency point selection characteristics; the third is to realize frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna characteristics through N radiating units and N-1 electronic switches, but this method uses a large number of electronic switches , the production is more complicated, and the antenna volume is also larger. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a reconfigurable UWB antenna that can be freely adjusted between UWB and NWB.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna which can realize free adjustment between ultra-wideband and narrowband.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides an electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna, including: a dielectric substrate, including a first surface and a second surface opposite; a radiation patch, attached to the dielectric substrate The first surface; the microstrip feeder is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; the ultra-wideband multimode resonator is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and one end is connected to the first interdigitated coupling structure. The radiation patch, the other end of which is connected to the microstrip feeder through a second interdigital coupling structure; the grounded DC feeder plate is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate and is located in the second interdigital coupling structure between the middle microstrip line and the microstrip feeder; the PIN tube, attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, is located between the middle microstrip line in the second interdigitated coupling structure and the grounded DC feeder Between the electric boards; a narrowband resonator, attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; a ground plate, attached to the second surface of the dielectric substrate; a coaxial cable, including an outer conductor and an inner conductor, and the inner conductor and the The microstrip feeder is connected, and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plate.

Optionally, the ultra-broadband multimode resonator includes a ring patch and a rectangular patch, one end of the rectangular patch is connected to the ring patch, and the other end is respectively connected to the middle micro in the first interdigitated coupling structure. The stripline is vertically connected to the middle microstrip line in the second interdigitated coupling structure.

Optionally, a third inductor is provided at a connection between the rectangular patch and the middle microstrip line in the first interdigital coupling structure.

Optionally, the radiation patch includes a first type of elliptical patch and a second type of elliptical patch, the first type of elliptical patch has a quasi-elliptical hole, and the second type of elliptical patch is located on the in oval holes.

Optionally, the ground plate is formed as a quasi-rectangular plate with a convex arc on one side, and a rectangular groove is opened at the top of the convex arc.

Optionally, the narrowband resonator includes a high-voltage DC feed board, a varactor diode, and a grounded DC feed board, and the high-voltage DC feed board and the varactor diode are connected to each other through a first inductor and a first microstrip line. connection, the grounded DC feed board and the varactor diode are connected through a second inductor and a second microstrip line.

Optionally, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are formed in a right-angle broken line shape.

Optionally, the dielectric substrate is Rogers4350B, whose relative permittivity is 3.48, loss tangent angle is 0.0037, and substrate thickness H=1.524mm.

Through the above technical solution, the multi-mode resonator provides good stop-band suppression for the antenna. By controlling the on-off of the PIN tube, the switch between the ultra-broadband working mode and the narrow-band working mode of the antenna can be realized, and the narrow-band resonator can realize the antenna The free adjustment of the narrowband frequency effectively realizes the multifunctionality, miniaturization and ultra-wideband frequency reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna.

Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the description, together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute a limitation to the utility model. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the electromagnetic energy transmission path in the ultra-wideband working mode of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model;

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the electromagnetic energy transmission path in the narrowband working mode of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a rear view of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a side view of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model;

Fig. 7 is the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model, and the curve diagram of the _S11 parameter changing with frequency under the ultra-wideband working mode;

Fig. 8 is a graph showing the variation of the _S11 parameter with frequency under the conditions of different capacitance values of varactor diodes in the narrow-band working mode of the electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna provided by the utility model.

detailed description

The specific embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model provides an electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna, including a dielectric substrate 0, a radiation patch, a microstrip feeder 4, an ultra-wideband multimode resonator, and a grounded DC feeder 7 , PIN tube 12, narrowband resonator, ground plate 17 and coaxial cable. Among them, the dielectric substrate 0 includes opposite first and second surfaces; the radiation patch, the microstrip feeder 4, the ultra-wideband multimode resonator, the grounded DC feeder 7, the PIN tube 12 and the narrowband resonator are all attached to the The first surface of the dielectric substrate 0; one end of the ultra-wideband multimode resonator is connected to the radiation patch through the first interdigitated coupling structure, and the other end is connected to the microstrip feeder 4 through the second interdigitated coupling structure; the grounding DC feeder board 7 is located between the middle microstrip line 32 and the microstrip feeder 4 in the second interdigitated coupling structure; the PIN tube 12 is located between the middle microstrip line 32 and the grounded DC feeder board 7 in the second interdigitated coupling structure; The ground plate 17 is attached to the second surface of the dielectric substrate 0; the coaxial cable includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected to the microstrip feeder 4, and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plate 17.

Through the above technical solution, the multi-mode resonator provides good stop-band suppression for the antenna. By controlling the on-off of the PIN tube, the adjustment between the ultra-broadband working mode and the narrow-band working mode of the antenna can be realized. The narrow-band resonator can realize the antenna The free adjustment of the narrowband frequency effectively realizes the multifunctionality, miniaturization and ultra-wideband frequency reconfigurable characteristics of the antenna.

Wherein, in the embodiment provided by the utility model, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the ultra-wideband multimode resonator includes a ring patch 1 and a rectangular patch 2, and one end of the rectangular patch 2 is connected to the ring patch 1 , the other ends are respectively connected to the middle microstrip line 31 in the first interdigitated coupling structure and the middle microstrip line 32 in the second interdigitated coupling structure, and the rectangular patch 2 is perpendicular to the middle microstrip feeders 31 and 32, A third inductor 11 is provided at the connection between the rectangular patch 2 and the middle microstrip line 31 in the first interdigitated coupling structure. The ultra-wideband multimode resonator provides good stop-band suppression for the antenna. Specifically, when the antenna is in the ultra-wideband operating mode, the path of electromagnetic energy is shown in Figure 3. First, the inner conductor of the 50Ω coaxial cable is used as the antenna The feed port, the PIN tube 12 is located between the middle microstrip line 32 in the second interdigitated coupling structure and the grounding DC feed board 7, when the PIN tube 12 is in the closed state, the ultra-wideband multimode resonator is in the working state , the antenna can work in the ultra-wideband mode of the UWB3.1GHz～10.6GHz frequency band. In this ultra-wideband range, the antenna has a stable pattern and can achieve gain. It can be used as a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna; when the PIN tube 12 is in In the open state, the UWB multimode resonator is grounded, and the working mode of the antenna is determined by the narrowband resonator.

Further, in the embodiment provided by the present utility model, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the narrowband resonator includes a high-voltage DC feed board 13, a varactor diode 8 and a grounded DC feed board 14, and the high-voltage DC feed board 13 and the varactor 8 are connected through the first inductance 10 and the first microstrip line 15, and the grounded DC feed board 14 and the varactor 8 are connected through the second inductance 10 and the second microstrip line 15 , the first microstrip line 15 and the second microstrip line 15 are formed into a right-angled broken line type, and the capacitance value of the varactor diode 8 is changed by using the DC feed voltage of the varactor diode 8, so that the antenna can be adjusted in the narrowband mode working frequency.

Among them, the microstrip feeder 31 in the middle of the first interdigitated coupling structure of the utility model, the microstrip feeder 32 in the middle of the second interdigitated coupling structure and the multimode resonator provide good stopband suppression capability for the antenna, and the multimode resonator The first interdigital coupling structure and the second interdigital coupling structure on both sides can be regarded as part of the ultra-wideband path of the filter. It is coupled to the back end of the radiation patch through an interdigitated coupling structure. Specifically, the radiation patch includes a first type of elliptical patch 5 and a second type of elliptical patch 6, and the first type of elliptical patch 5 is provided with a quasi-elliptical patch. shaped hole, the second type of elliptical patch 6 is located in the quasi-elliptical hole, the second type of elliptical patch 6 is embedded inside the first type of elliptical patch 5, and the first type of elliptical patch 6 is used to suppress the first The quadratic mode of the quasi-ellipse patch 5 can realize the stable design of the pattern of the reconfigurable antenna in the ultra-wideband state, thereby improving the high-frequency radiation characteristics of the ultra-wideband antenna.

Specifically, in the embodiment provided by the present utility model, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the dielectric substrate 0 is Rogers4350B (Rogers 4350B), its relative permittivity is 3.48, the loss tangent angle is 0.0037, and the substrate thickness H= 1.524mm, the use of this material is mainly due to the low loss angle of the dielectric substrate, which has a certain guarantee for radiation efficiency; the ground plate 17 is formed as a rectangular plate with a convex arc on one side, and the semi-major axis of the arc is 0.5*W, the semi-short axis is GL1+GL2-GL3, in order to better match, the top of the convex arc is provided with a rectangular groove 16, the length of the rectangular groove 16 is GL1=3.5mm~4.5mm, and the width GW1=5mm~ 6 mm; specifically, the first type of elliptical patch 5 and the second type of elliptical patch 6 are spliced by two semi-elliptical shapes with the same semi-major axis but different eccentricities, and the first type of elliptical patch 5 The semi-major axis R3=8mm-9mm, the semi-minor axes of the two semi-ellipses formed are 7mm-8mm and 8mm-9mm respectively, the second type of elliptical patch 6 is embedded in the first type of elliptical patch 5, The two are not in contact, the semi-major axis R4 of the quasi-elliptical hole is 3mm-4mm, the semi-minor axis is 3.3mm-4.5mm and 2.5mm-3.5mm respectively, and the semi-major axis R5 of the second type of elliptical patch 6 is 2mm ～3mm, the semi-minor axis is 3.5mm～4.5mm and 2mm～3mm respectively, the distance L10 between the centers of the quasi-elliptical hole and the second type of elliptical patch 6=0.1mm～0.2mm; the outer ring radius R1 of the annular patch 1 =5mm～6mm, the inner ring radius R2=1mm～2mm, the distance W3=7mm～9mm from the center of the outer ring to the middle microstrip line 31 of the first interdigitated coupling structure and the connecting end of the middle microstrip line 32 of the second interdigitated coupling structure, The gap between the annular patch 1 and the rectangular microstrip line perpendicular to the middle microstrip line of the interdigitated structure is 0.1mm-0.3mm; the length of the varactor diode 8 is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and its width is 0.1mm-0.5mm. Both sides of the capacitor diode 8 are directly connected to the microstrip line, the length of the coupling part between the first microstrip line 15 and the interdigitated coupling structure is 1 mm to 3 mm, and the distance between the coupling position and the connecting inductance of the DC feeding board 7 is L7 = 2.5 mm to 4.5 mm . The length and width of the DC feeder board 7 are both L3=0.5mm~1.5mm; the diameter of the ground hole 9 is R6=0.1mm~0.5mm; the above-mentioned first interdigital coupling structure and the middle microstrip feeder of the second interdigital coupling structure The length L2=7mm～8mm, the width is W5=0.3mm～0.5mm; the length L2 of the upper and lower microstrip feedlines in the middle of the first interdigitated coupling structure and the second interdigitated coupling structure L2=7mm～8mm , L7 = 7mm ~ 8mm, width W6 = 0.2mm ~ 0.5mm. The length of the inductor sheet is 0.5mm-1.5mm, the width of the inductor sheet is 0.3mm-0.5mm, the length of the PIN tube 12 is 0.5mm-1.5mm, and the width is 0.3mm-0.5mm.

In order to obtain a multi-functional, miniaturized, frequency-reconfigurable UWB antenna, it is necessary to continuously adjust the size of each component in the UWB antenna designed by the utility model, as shown in Table 1, which is the best size combination of each component , and use high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS13.0 for simulation analysis according to the size in the table, after simulation optimization, the antenna S ₁₁ parameters are obtained for analysis: in the ultra-wideband working mode, as shown in Figure 6, the 10dB bandwidth is 3.009 GHz to 10.781GHz, fully covering UWB from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz, that is, the entire UWB working frequency band is well matched, and in the 10.9GHz-14GHz frequency band, S ₁₁ is less than -3dB, with good stop band suppression; in narrowband working mode Next, as shown in Figure 7, through the bias voltage of the varactor diode 8, the effective adjustment of the working frequency of the antenna in the narrowband working mode can be realized; in addition, because the ultra-wideband antenna is an integrated design, it has the advantages of miniaturization, structural It has the advantages of being compact, easy to manufacture and debug, and at the same time, simple and beautiful in appearance.

Table 1. Optimum size table for each parameter

Note: L represents the length of the dielectric substrate 0; W represents the width of the dielectric substrate 0; R1 and R2 represent the radius length of the inner and outer circles of the ultra-wideband multimode resonator ring patch 1 respectively; R3, R4 and R5 represent the elliptical radiation patches of various types The length of the semi-major axis of the chip, R6 represents the diameter of the ground hole 9, L1 represents the distance between the center of the quasi-elliptical radiation patch and the feed port, L2 represents the length of the protruding part of the interdigitated structure, and L3 represents the length of the high-voltage DC feed plate 13 , L4 represents the strip coupling length between the varactor 8 and the interdigitated structure feeding side, L5 represents the length of the varactor 8, L6 represents the strip coupling length between the varactor 8 and the interdigitated structure radiator side, and L7 represents the alternating Refers to the length of the microstrip feedline in the middle of the structure, L8 represents the width of the multimode resonator rectangular strip 2 of the vertical interdigitated structure, L9 represents the length of the rectangular structure of the radiation patch, and L10 represents the center of the quasi-elliptical hole and the second type of elliptical patch 6 Spacing; W1 represents the width of the rectangular structure of the radiation patch, W2 represents the distance between the ground hole 9 and the interdigitated coupling structure, W3 represents the distance from the center of the circular patch 1 to the lower edge of the substrate; W4 represents the width of the microstrip line 15 of the varactor diode 8 , W5 represents the width of the microstrip line in the middle of the interdigitated coupling structure, W6 represents the width of the upper and lower microstrip lines in the interdigitated coupling structure; H represents the thickness of the dielectric substrate 0; h represents the thickness of the copper clad, that is, various microstrips Thickness of wire, microstrip patch.

The preferred embodiment of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiment, and within the scope of the technical concept of the utility model, the technical solution of the utility model can be carried out in many ways. These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way if there is no contradiction. The combination method will not be explained separately.

In addition, any combination of various implementations of the present invention can also be made, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that, comprising: a dielectric substrate comprising opposing first and second surfaces; a radiation patch attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; a microstrip feeder attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; The ultra-wideband multimode resonator is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, one end is connected to the radiation patch through the first interdigital coupling structure, and the other end is connected to the microstrip through the second interdigital coupling structure feeder; a grounded DC feeder plate, attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and located between the middle microstrip line in the second interdigitated coupling structure and the microstrip feeder line; The PIN tube is attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate, and is located between the middle microstrip line in the second interdigitated coupling structure and the grounded DC feeder board; a narrowband resonator attached to the first surface of the dielectric substrate; a ground plate attached to the second surface of the dielectric substrate; The coaxial cable includes an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor is connected to the microstrip feeder, and the outer conductor is connected to the grounding plate. 2. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ultra-wideband multimode resonator comprises a circular patch and a rectangular patch, and one end of the rectangular patch is connected to the The other end is vertically connected to the middle microstrip line in the first interdigitated coupling structure and the middle microstrip line in the second interdigitated coupling structure respectively. 3. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, the connection between the rectangular patch and the middle microstrip line in the first interdigitated coupling structure is provided with a second Three inductors. 4. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiation patch comprises a first type of elliptical patch and a second type of elliptical patch, the first type of elliptical patch A quasi-elliptical hole is opened on the patch, and the second type of elliptical patch is located in the quasi-elliptical hole. 5. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ground plate is formed as a rectangular plate with a convex arc on one side, and the convex arc The top is provided with a rectangular groove. 6. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the narrowband resonator includes a high-voltage DC feed board, a varactor diode and a grounded DC feed board, and the high-voltage DC feed board The feed board and the varactor diode are connected to the first microstrip line through the first inductor, and the grounded DC feed board and the varactor diode are connected to the second microstrip line through the second inductor. 7. The electronic frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line are formed in a right-angle zigzag shape. 8. The electronically controlled frequency reconfigurable ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate is Rogers4350B, its relative permittivity is 3.48, the loss tangent angle is 0.0037, and the substrate thickness H=1.524 mm.