CN205965774U - Pressure vessel and air inlet thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressure vessel air inlet is located the barrel or the head of the below of vertical pressure vessel's casing lower part distributing plate, arranges the opening of circumference on the distributing plate, the pressure vessel air inlet includes two at least oblique trompils of tangential penetration along casing axle symmetrical arrangement. Set up the shape and the position all is two at least air inlets of a symmetrical arrangement at pressure vessel, is convenient for install air inlet piping, improves the flow state after technology gas gets into the casing, and the velocity of flow slows down, and pressure equalizing avoids shock and vibration, and then flow through the radial opening on the airflow distribution plate, makes the material that gets off from affiliated reactor upper portion form balanced fluidized bed to the realization size of capacityization. The utility model also discloses a pressure vessel, it can compromise air current harmony, granule product stream mobility and inner structure fatigue durability simultaneously has advantages such as anti deposit ability reinforce, production stability, spatial layout is more safe and scientific, can prolong pressure vessel's life.

Description

A kind of pressure vessel and its air inlet

Technical field

This utility model relates in petroleum refining and chemical industry, Coal Chemical Industry, chemical fertilizer industry and other various chemical equipment Various large-scale high-grade reactor technology field, for example, fluidized-bed reactor, the hydrogenation reaction reacted by catalyst Device or desulfurization reactor etc., more particularly to a kind of pressure vessel and its air inlet.

Background technology

Chemical reactor, as shown in figure 1, including cylinder 1, the end socket being arranged at cylinder two ends is upper cover 2 and spherical Low head 3, the material import and export being arranged at end socket is upper shed 4 and under shed 5, bearing 6, support ring 7, and process gas inlets are tied Structure 8, is arranged at the airflow-distribution board 9 in cylinder, and is used for supporting the inner supporting structure of airflow-distribution board, or urges in cylinder The supporting structure of agent, have also includes pressure vessel inside surfacing applied corrosion resistant lining.

Develop towards the direction of large-scale production recently as petrochemical plant, the volume of reactor becomes increasingly Greatly, traditional reactor can not meet process requirements, and fluidized-bed reactor then represents one of development trend of state-of-the-art technology, its Structure and the process gas distribution that it is critical only that inside reactor of technology.In prior art, gas-solid fluidized bed distribution grid or many or Exist that anti-deposit is indifferent, stability is not high less, easily defect blocked etc. by active substance, there is also original distribution hardened The problems such as function adaptability after reactor shell structure large-scale for the structure.In this regard, people make great efforts to improve the gas of inside reactor Solid fluid bed distributing plate structure, main body develops the structures such as round tabular shape, truncated cone-shaped and funnelform turbination, also carries Go out the new constructions such as concavo-convex combination shape, details has also been entered to the air flow method hole on distribution grid the various design of shape and reality Trample although resultant effect makes moderate progress, but do not tackle the problem at its root.

In fact, can the instability problem of above-mentioned fluidizing gas bed further discriminate between for primary unstability and time Two big class such as raw unstability, the technology of forefathers too concentrates on the secondary unstability of the latter, i.e. distribution grid, and primary to the former Unstability is that process gas enters the improvement of shell fluidised form factor not, meanwhile, to primary unstability and secondary unstability two The technical research of the relation of person and its structure matching is even more close to blank.Fig. 2 is the D-D direction view in Fig. 1, analyzes it non-radial The function of process gas inlets structure 8, due to only one of which process gas import, enters the process gas of spherical low head 3 generally not It is uniformly distributed, if this unique process gas inlets is changed to end socket bottom central inlet although can be obviously improved The uniformity of process gas distribution, but cause the setting difficulty of material import and export 5 again.With this container diameter and production-scale increasing Greatly, course of reaction logistics capacity is big, and the aggravation of contradictions of this single import shows that gas velocity soon and easily causes vibration, also increases Add the new problem of operating flexibility difference.This all can be attributed to the primary unstability of fluidized-bed.

Therefore, for the problems referred to above defect, research and develop a kind of pressure vessel and its air inlet, make process gas in distribution grid and circle In barrel reactor, equiblibrium mass distribution flows up, and so that the grain products of generation is collected by distribution grid simultaneously and discharges from bottom, also The vibrating fatigue that logistics capacity is big, gas velocity fast and causes can be resisted, pressure drop stability and the good technique of fluidization quality will be met Gas air intake structure, is applied to petrochemical industry reactor, has important engineering significance to steady production and economic benefit.

Content of the invention

One of the purpose of this utility model is to avoid weak point of the prior art and provides one kind can generally be suitable for In the pressure vessel air inlet adapter arrangement of various airflow-distribution boards, can have that air-flow harmony is good, granule produces concurrently simultaneously Product mobility is preferably and internal structure fatigue durability is good.

The two of the purpose of this utility model are to avoid weak point of the prior art and provide a kind of pressure vessel, energy Enough make process gas enter the distribution of reactor bottom post-equalization to flow up, make the material particles product of generation pass through this air-flow simultaneously Distribution grid collects discharges moreover it is possible to avoid the vibrating fatigue that logistics capacity is big, gas velocity is fast and causes from bottom.

One of the purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：

Provide a kind of pressure vessel air inlet, the cylinder of the lower section of bottom distribution grid in the housing of vertical pressure vessel On body or end socket, distribution grid is disposed with the opening of circumference, described pressure vessel air inlet includes at least two along housing axle The oblique perforate of tangential penetration being arranged symmetrically.

Wherein, described air inlet includes penetrating to be plugged in and described tiltedly opening of level or inner acclivitous non-radial arrangement The air inlet tube in hole.

Wherein, the cross section of described air inlet tube is circular or oblate or rectangle.

Wherein, any two cross section of described air inlet tube is comparable size, or the adapter inwardly gradually expanding.

Wherein, described air inlet tube is the interior tubular construction reaching in housing, and the inner segment of air inlet tube passes through inside accordingly Supporting structure is connected with enclosure interior.

Wherein, the interior end opening of described air inlet tube is diagonal cut joint.

The two of the purpose of this utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions：A kind of pressure vessel, including cylindrical or circle The cylinder of taper, the end socket being arranged at cylinder two ends, the material inlet of end socket being respectively arranged at two ends and material outlet, setting Airflow-distribution board in cylinder and the inner supporting structure for supporting airflow-distribution board, wherein, described pressure vessel is provided with State the pressure vessel air inlet described in each technical scheme.

Wherein, described container outlet is the radial aperture of at least two levels along housing axial symmetry arrangement.

The beneficial effects of the utility model：A kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its pressure vessel air inlet have The essence innovation of system property.

First, as the pressure vessel of reactor body, arranging shape and position in its housing is all axial symmetry arrangement At least two air inlets, be easy to axial symmetry distribution air inlet tube is installed on vertical pressure vessel housing circumference, improve from Process gas that reactor bottom is come in enter the fluidised form after housing, thus reduced velocity flow, pressure equalizes for multiple adapters air inlet simultaneously, Avoid impact shock, the radial opening then passing through again on airflow-distribution board flows out, and makes the material shape getting off from reactor top Become fluid bed in a balanced way, and realize the technical cue of the size of capacity.

Secondly because axial symmetry distribution on vertical pressure vessel housing circumference for its at least two adapter is so that air-flow Also axial symmetry distribution, becomes a kind of air inlet adapter that can be generally applicable to various airflow-distribution boards and its arrangement.And Under equal process gas flow, the diameter of each air inlet tube can reduce, and the opening on housing is corresponding to be reduced, opening pair The strength reduction of housing substantially can reduce.

By contrast, this technology is very beneficial for the operating mode that distribution grid above process gas maintains metastable air pressure, In addition, take into account air-flow harmony, grain products mobility and internal structure fatigue durability simultaneously, there is anti-deposit ability By force, goods fluid fully, substantially do not have dead band, produce stable, flexible operation, operation elasticity bigger, product particle size and The advantages of composition greater homogeneity and long the production cycle, and combinative structure is simple, installs and easy to maintenance, structural member stress is more closed Reason, stability is high, and space layout is more safe and scientific, extends the service life of pressure vessel.

Brief description

Using accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing is not constituted to of the present utility model Any restriction, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to following attached Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a kind of overall structure diagram of the fluidized-bed reactor of traditional structure.

Fig. 2 is a kind of inlet structure schematic diagram of the fluidized-bed reactor of traditional structure.

Fig. 3 is the first inlet structure schematic diagram of a kind of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a kind of second inlet structure schematic diagram of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is the third inlet structure schematic diagram of a kind of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a kind of the 4th kind of inlet structure schematic diagram of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 is a kind of the 5th kind of inlet structure and the conic tube pressure appearance of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model The structural representation of device.

Fig. 8 is a kind of the 6th kind of inlet structure schematic diagram of pressure vessel air inlet of the present utility model.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 include：Cylinder 1, upper cover 2, spherical low head 3, Upper shed 4, under shed 5, bearing 6, support ring 7, air inlet 8, airflow-distribution board 9, flange 10, the adapter knot inwardly gradually expanding Structure 11, conic tube 12, non-radial inward nozzle 13；

A, A1, A2, A3 are the airintake directions of airflow inlet adapter,θAngle is the inclination angle of non-radial aperture adapter.

Specific embodiment

With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, a kind of this utility model pressure vessel air inlet, positioned at the shell of vertical pressure vessel On the cylinder 1 of lower section of internal bottom distribution grid or end socket 3, airflow-distribution board 9 is disposed with the opening of circumference, described pressure holds Device air inlet 8 includes at least two oblique perforates of tangential penetration arranged along housing axial symmetry.With respect to radially and tangentially, tiltedly Perforate is all sideling, and that is, axis being radially arranged not along cylinder of perforate, also non-tangentially-arranged along it, but along cylinder One secant direction setting of cross circular section, this secant is parallel to be displaced outwardly may make up tangentially, that is, oblique parallel to tangential direction Perforate is it is believed that be tangential oblique perforate.

First, as the pressure vessel of reactor body, arranging shape and position in its housing is all axial symmetry arrangement At least two air inlets, be easy to axial symmetry distribution air inlet tube is installed on vertical pressure vessel housing circumference, improve from Process gas that reactor bottom is come in enter the fluidised form after housing, thus reduced velocity flow, pressure equalizes for multiple adapters air inlet simultaneously, Avoid impact shock, the radial opening then passing through again on airflow-distribution board flows out, and makes the material shape getting off from reactor top Become fluid bed in a balanced way, and realize the technical cue of the size of capacity.

Secondly because axial symmetry distribution on vertical pressure vessel housing circumference for its at least two adapter is so that air-flow Also axial symmetry distribution, becomes a kind of air inlet adapter that can be generally applicable to various airflow-distribution boards and its arrangement.And Under equal process gas flow, the diameter of each air inlet tube can reduce, and the opening on housing is corresponding to be reduced, opening pair The strength reduction of housing substantially can reduce.

By contrast, this technology is very beneficial for the operating mode that distribution grid above process gas maintains metastable air pressure, In addition, take into account air-flow harmony, grain products mobility and internal structure fatigue durability simultaneously, there is anti-deposit ability By force, goods fluid fully, substantially do not have dead band, produce stable, flexible operation, operation elasticity bigger, product particle size and The advantages of composition greater homogeneity and long the production cycle, and combinative structure is simple, installs and easy to maintenance, structural member stress is more closed Reason, stability is high, and space layout is more safe and scientific, extends the service life of pressure vessel.

More preferably, described air inlet include level or inner acclivitous non-radial arrangement penetrate be plugged in described tiltedly The air inlet tube of perforate, it includes level and the two kinds of arrangements tilting.

Wherein, described air inlet can include the joint pipe structure of the non-radial perforate grafting of level.For example, the cutting off of Fig. 3 To symmetric double entrance sleeve, the cutting off to triple feed inlet adapter of Fig. 4, cut off to referring to take over long edges generating line and end socket 3 or cylinder 1 Circular arc is also intersecting to cut an arch；And for example Fig. 5 tangent to Double Opening joint pipe structure, tangent to referring to take over long edges generating line Connect with the circular arc of end socket 3 or cylinder 1 it is impossible to cut an arch.Axisymmetric many makeups of the imports make air-flow produce rotation Two Dimensional Flow, equipment operation stability is high, and equipment runs flat energy expenditure than low.Air inlet tube passes through flange 10 and source of the gas Delivery pipe connects.

Wherein, described air inlet 8 can also include inner slightly inclined upwardsθThe non-radial opening-nozzle structure of degree, that is, The tangentially connected joint pipe structure of interior updip, as shown in Figure 6.The air inlet tube tilting can be in the plane rotation that above various adapters produce On the basis of turning Two Dimensional Flow, then cause a flow field power upwards, form three-dimensional fluidised form.Three-dimensional fluidized bed is not due to being subject to side The impact of wall effect, in its fluidal texture, gas eddy is not limited to two-dimensional space development, can avoid the occurrence of large scale in fluid bed Flat gas eddy.Therefore, it can be avoided that forming section the unstable fluidized status such as to gush in three-dimensional fluidized bed, and entirety can be formed Circulation.Three-dimensional bed makes physical properties of fluids evenly, advantageously ensures that the equilibrium of material reaction, abundant, the quality of improving product.

Further, the cross section of described air inlet tube is circular or oblate or rectangle, the circular easily company of installation Connect, oblate and rectangle air inlet tube can produce shape impact to the flow field of air-flow.

Further, any two cross section of described air inlet tube is comparable size, or the adapter inwardly gradually expanding. Isodiametric adapter is easy to making and is easily installed.And the joint pipe structure wherein inwardly gradually expanding, i.e. enlarging shape adapter 11, such as scheme Shown in 7, expander has the function of slowing down flow velocity, it is to avoid the big high velocity air of flow causes the impact shock to internals, keeps away Exempt from fatigue fracture.

Wherein, described air inlet tube is the interior tubular construction reaching in housing, and the inner segment of air inlet tube passes through inside accordingly Supporting structure is connected with enclosure interior, i.e. the adapter of air inlet is the smooth interior structure reaching in housing, including internal accordingly Supporting structure, with reference to shown in Fig. 8.The setting of the air inlet pipe extending into housing can improve the work in large pressurized vessel jointly Skill air-flow state, or be adjusted to certain have personnalité fluid bed special needs fluidised form, to obtain specific production effect, Improve production efficiency, reaches the adapter in housing and also can arrange gas distribution hole or isocon it is adaptable to major diameter container.Fluidisation In bed production technology, gas distribution is to ensure that the gas-solid fluidized bed key factor with good and stable fluidized state, directly Connect the impact endocorpuscular flow pattern of fluid bed and fluidization uniformity, be the key institute that fluidized bed reactor designs must consider Determine the original state after air-flow enters housing first in, gas inlet adapter, therefore should be joined for airflow-distribution board To the structure design carrying out, the fluidised form of optimization just can be obtained.

Wherein, the interior end opening of air inlet tube 13 herein is diagonal cut joint, the otch of non-neat vertical axial, with oblique straight Line or arc cut out interior end opening so that interior end opening increases, and can enter the flow velocity of housing with mitigation of gases.

A kind of pressure vessel, including cylindrical or conical cylinder 1, is arranged at the end socket at cylinder two ends, is respectively provided with In the material inlet of the end socket at two ends and material outlet, the airflow-distribution board being arranged in cylinder and be used for supporting airflow-distribution board Inner supporting structure, wherein, described pressure vessel is provided with the pressure vessel air inlet in aforementioned embodiments.Specifically, pressure The cylinder of container is cylinder 1 or conic tube 12；The end socket being arranged at cylinder two ends can be dome head or ellipse End socket or conical head；Top end socket is provided with material inlet, and bottom end socket is provided with material outlet.In implementation process, outside housing Process gas be to enter enclosure interior from two or more along the tangential perforate of housing axial symmetry arrangement, import tangential Direction with distribution grid pore is in the same direction, and axisymmetric import makes process gas surrounding fluidised form in shell uniform, pressure equilibrium, tangentially Structure then makes airflow smooth reduce pressure drop, it is to avoid internals are subject to impact shock.

Wherein, if conic tube is as shown in fig. 7, be regarded as air inlet adapter and airflow-distribution board respectively in leading portion flow process The primary factor of airflow stability and secondary factor, then can be regarded as air-flow in backend flow the cylinder after distribution grid again The association factor of stability.In air-flow uphill process, in order to be sufficiently mixed reaction with the material getting off from above, also need to continue Keep certain pressure head flow velocity, if the pressure head flow velocity in later stage is maintained it will usually upset by the inlet pressure improving bottom The fluidised form of gas distribution grid link, the device structure therefore passing through to change backend flow just becomes more suitably selection approach, and Cone just has the function of gradually tapering up tube structure maintenance internal gas flow flow velocity, and specific cone highly answers association reaction The height in area determines together with other factors.

Therefore, improve the function of air velocity by the tube structure that the cone of distribution grid backend flow gradually tapers up, The pressure head flow velocity that can remain certain makes air-flow and is sufficiently mixed reaction with the material getting off from above, has adapted to using increasing container Realize the technical cue of the size of capacity, it is to avoid maintain the pressure head flow velocity in later stage by the inlet pressure improving bottom Upset the fluidised form of gas distribution grid link, and the increase avoiding observable index.

Wherein, described container outlet is the radial aperture of at least two levels along housing axial symmetry arrangement, radially Perforate makes the air-flow in housing more swimmingly flow out, and the gas outlet of axial symmetry distribution can make air-flow balancedly flow out, it is to avoid Aerofluxuss orientation causes to the air velocity distribution interference in housing.

In this utility model, in order to improve production capacity using expanding container, the technical cue of employing is to use at least two Shape and position（Including direction）The air inlet tube of axial symmetry setting penetrates container casing and gos deep into inside container, in air inlet tube Section is inclined upwardly so that housing interior air-flow forms equilibrium fluidised form；Simultaneously adopt conical vessel housing, maintain back segment air-flow pressure head and Flow velocity, maintains stable air pressure operating mode, does not upset the fluidised form of gas, obtains and meets pressure drop stability and good the resisting of fluidization quality Deposition structure.

With the following Examples this utility model is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1.

A kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its air inlet, air inlet is located at bottom distribution in vertical pressure vessel shell On the cylinder of the lower section of plate or end socket, specifically, cutting off to double feed inlet adapter, the tradition list entrance sleeve with Fig. 2 with reference to Fig. 3 Compare, simply many entrance sleeves, its manufacturing process is not changed in, only in equal process gas flow lower linking tube Diameter can reduce, and specifically should be calculated by design and determine.

Described cutting off cuts an arch to referring to take over long edges generating line and also intersect with the circular arc of end socket 3 or cylinder 1.

Embodiment 2.

The two of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 4 Shown, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using embodiment 1 In explanation, here no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, wherein, described non-radial tangentially enters Gas adapter quantity increases cause three by uniform two pieces.

Embodiment 3.

The three of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 5 Shown, the main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using embodiment 1 In explanation, here no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, and wherein said tangential entry adapter is Tangent with housing to bilateral opening-nozzle structure, tangent to referring to take over the round and smooth mistake of circular arc of long edges generating line and end socket 3 or cylinder 1 Cross and connect i.e. tangent, no longer cut out an arch.

Embodiment 4.

The four of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 6, The main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using in embodiment 1 Explain, here is no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, wherein said air inlet be the inner slightly to Upper inclinationθThe non-radial opening-nozzle structure of degree, its manufacturing process does not have any change yet.Tilt adapter to connect above various On the basis of the Plane Rotation Two Dimensional Flow that pipe produces, then cause a flow field power upwards, form three-dimensional fluidised form, make fluid Physical property evenly, advantageously ensure that material reaction equilibrium, fully and product quality.

Embodiment 5.

The five of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 7, The main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using in embodiment 1 Explain, here is no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, and wherein said air inlet tube is inwardly gradually The joint pipe structure expanding, its manufacturing process does not have any change compared with cylindrical shape adapter yet, and simply steel plate cutting is slightly distinguished, It is all general knowledge and the basic skill of sheet metal worker.Expander has the function of slowing down flow velocity, it is to avoid in the high velocity air of big flow causes The impact shock of part, fatigue fracture.

Embodiment 6.

The six of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 7, The main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using in embodiment 1 Explain, here is no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, the cylindrical drum structural reform of wherein said reactor It is changed into conic tube, what change is its manufacturing process do not have compared with cylindrical shape adapter yet, and simply steel plate cutting is slightly distinguished, all It is general knowledge and the basic skill of sheet metal worker.Cone shell just has the work(gradually tapering up the flow velocity that tube structure raising should reduce Can, that is, maintain flow velocity or reduce flow velocity reduction amount, make the air-flow after distribution grid in uphill process, in order to from above The material getting off is sufficiently mixed reaction, can continue to keep certain pressure head flow velocity.Specific cone highly answers association reaction area Height determine together with other factors.

Embodiment 7.

The seven of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, with reference to Fig. 8, The main technical schemes of the present embodiment are same as Example 1, in the present embodiment unaccounted feature, using in embodiment 1 Explain, here is no longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, and wherein said reactor is pressure vessel Air inlet tube extends to enclosure interior, and the interior adapter stretching section also can arrange gas distribution hole or isocon, straight greatly to be applied to Footpath container.Its manufacturing process of inward nozzle does not have any change compared with non-inward nozzle yet, and simply steel plate cutting is slightly longer, It is all general knowledge and the basic skill of sheet metal worker.

Embodiment 8.

The eight of the specific embodiment of a kind of pressure vessel of the present utility model and its axisymmetric air inlet, the present embodiment Main technical schemes same as Example 1, unaccounted feature in the present embodiment, using the explanation in embodiment 1, here No longer repeated.The present embodiment is with the difference of embodiment 1, and wherein said air inlet and air inlet tube structure are not only only It is applied to be connected on various end sockets, be also suitable for being connected on cylinder.

Finally it should be noted that above example is only in order to illustrating the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to this reality With the restriction of novel protected scope, although having made to explain to this utility model with reference to preferred embodiment, this area general Lead to it will be appreciated by the skilled person that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or equivalent, without deviating from this The spirit and scope of utility model technical scheme.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet, the cylinder of the lower section of bottom distribution grid or end socket in the housing of vertical pressure vessel On, distribution grid is disposed with circumference opening it is characterised in that：Described pressure vessel air inlet includes at least two along housing The oblique perforate of tangential penetration of axial symmetry arrangement.

2. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described air inlet includes level or interior That holds acclivitous non-radial arrangement penetrates the air inlet tube being plugged in described oblique perforate.

3. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：The cross section of described air inlet tube is Circular or oblate or rectangle.

4. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet according to Claims 2 or 3 it is characterised in that：Described air inlet tube any Two cross sections are comparable size, or the adapter inwardly gradually expanding.

5. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet according to claim 2 it is characterised in that：Described air inlet tube is interior reaching Tubular construction in housing, the inner segment of air inlet tube is connected with enclosure interior by corresponding internal supporting structure.

6. a kind of pressure vessel air inlet according to Claims 2 or 3 or 5 it is characterised in that：Described air inlet tube interior End opening is diagonal cut joint.

7. a kind of pressure vessel, the end socket including cylindrical or conical cylinder, being arranged at cylinder two ends, is respectively arranged at two The material inlet of end socket at end and material outlet, the airflow-distribution board being arranged in cylinder and for supporting the interior of airflow-distribution board Supporting structure it is characterised in that：Described pressure vessel is provided with the pressure vessel air inlet described in claim 1 to 6.

8. a kind of pressure vessel according to claim 7 it is characterised in that：Described container outlet be at least two along The radial aperture of the level of housing axial symmetry arrangement.