CN205945194U - 一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统 - Google Patents
一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统,本实用新型将无线数据传输装置的电气系统根据功率特性进行区分,分为功率型用电单元(无线数据收发模块)和非功率型用电单元(其它耗电器件),由功率单元为无线数据收发模块供电,由能量单元为其它耗电器件供电,能量单元和功率单元输出端之间通过隔离单元连接,隔离单元用于在功率单元为无线数据收发模块供电时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电流通路,仅由功率单元为其供电。本实用新型仅采用功率单元为无线收发模块供电,解决了目前无线数据传输装置电气系统由于采用蓄电池为无线收发模块供电导致蓄电池“超量配置”,对蓄电池电流冲击大,造成蓄电池寿命降低、其它耗电器件供电不稳等问题。
Description
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统,属于电路系统应用技术领域。
背景技术
无线数据传输广泛地运用在车辆监控、遥控、遥测、小型无线网络、无线抄表、门禁系统、小区传呼、工业数据采集系统、无线标签、身份识别、非接触RF智能卡、小型无线数据终端、安全防火系统、无线遥控系统、生物信号采集、水文气象监控、机器人控制、无线232数据通信、无线485/422数据通信、数字音频、数字图像传输等领域中。电气系统是无线数据传输装置必不可少的一部分,常用的电气系统如图1所示,主要由无线数据收发模块、蓄电池、其它耗电器件、控制电路、电池充电电路等构成,其中无线数据收发模块待机电流很小,而在数据收发时需要的供电电流相对待机电流要大很多,以GSM/GPRS模块为例:正常待机情况下无线GSM/GPRS模块需要的供电电流仅为几十毫安,但在发送数据时,无线GSM/GPRS模块需要的突发电流能达到2A左右,造成较大的电压跌落,若超过GSM/GPRS模块正常工作所允许的电压跌落范围,将导致GSM/GPRS模块不能正常工作,并因此降低了蓄电池的利用效能。
目前,无线数据传输装置绝大部分采用一组蓄电池,其既要负责提供其它耗电器件(如采集模块、传感器等)的能量,又要负责提供无线数据收发模块发送和接收数据时瞬间大功率的能量。在应用实践中,这种方案暴露出很大的问题。无线数据收发模块和其它耗电器件不同用电特性对蓄电池性能要求差异很大:无线数据收发模块要求蓄电池放电倍率性能优异,而其它耗电器件则要求蓄电池具备一定容量即可、倍率性能要求不高,这种情况导致蓄电池为满足数据收发所需的瞬态大功率,不得不“超量配置”,使电池占用空间较大,造成资源浪费,而且也不经济。
为此,有人提出在蓄电池两端并联超级电容的方式来共同为无线数据传输装置供电,虽然这种方案在一定程度上延长了蓄电池的使用寿命,但是蓄电池还是要承担功率型用电单元的供电任务,并没有从根本上解决蓄电池为功率型用电单元供电导致对蓄电池电流冲击大,造成蓄电池寿命降低等问题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统,以解决目前采用蓄电池为无线收发模块提供电能导致蓄电池“超量配置”以及易受到大电流冲击影响寿命的问题。
本实用新型为解决上述技术问题而提供一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统,包括无线数据收发模块、控制电路和除无线数据收发模块外的其它耗电器件,该电气系统还包括能量单元和功率单元,功率单元输出端供电连接无线数据收发模块,能量单元输出端供电连接除无线数据收发模块外的其它耗电器件,能量单元和功率单元输出端之间连接有隔离单元,所述隔离单元用于在功率单元给无线数据收发模块供电时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电流通路,仅由功率单元为无线数据收发模块供电,所述的能量单元为储能器件,所述的功率单元为高倍率放电的储能器件。
所述的隔离单元为开关管、接触器或继电器。
所述的隔离单元还包括控制模块,所述的控制模块包括控制接口和第一检测接口,所述第一检测接口用于检测无线数据收发模块是否收发数据,所述控制接口用于在第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块收发数据时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电气连接。
所述的控制电路还包括用于检测功率单元电量是否充足的第二检测接口,当第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块不收发数据且第二检测接口检测到功率单元电量不足时,功率单元与能量单元通过隔离单元并接,否则不并接。
所述的功率单元为超级电容器单体、通过超级电容器单体串并联组成的模块或者电容器阵列。
所述的能量单元为铅酸电池、镍氢电池、锰酸锂电池、磷酸铁锂电池、三元电池和钛酸锂电池中的任意一种。
本实用新型的有益效果是:本实用新型无线数据传输装置电气系统用组合式超级电池提供电能,组合式超级电池包括能量单元和功率单元,能量单元和功率单元输出端之间连接有隔离单元,能量单元输出端供电连接除无线收发模块外的耗电器件,功率单元输出端供电连接无线收发模块,隔离单元用于在功率单元为无线收发模块供电时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电流通路,能量单元为储能器件,功率单元为能够高倍率放电的储能器件。本实用新型通过仅采用组合式超级电池中的功率单元为无线收发模块供电,防止因蓄电池过度放电导致无线收发模块不能工作,影响无线数据传输装置的正常工作,能量单元不再承担瞬态大功率作业任务,不会出现瞬时较大电压降的情况,保证了无线数据传输装置能够稳定工作,减少了用电负载因电能质量不稳造成的损坏。
附图说明
图1是传统无线数据传输装置电气系统结构框图;
图2是本实用新型无线数据传输装置电气系统结构框图;
图3是本实用新型无线数据传输装置电气系统结构框图;
图4是本实用新型无线数据传输装置电气系统所采用的隔离单元结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式做进一步的说明。
本实用新型的一种无线数据传输装置电气系统的实施例
无线数据传输装置在数据传输过程中,无线数据收发模块作为功率型用电单元,在数据收发时需要瞬态大功率,本实用新型采用功率单元为其供电。在同一电气系统中,功率型用电单元与非功率型用电单元是相对的概念,功率型用电单元具备持续用电时间短(小于1分钟)、大功率(额定电流一般在几十毫安以上)的用电特征,在无线数据传输装置的电气系统中,无线数据收发模块就是该电气系统中的功率型用电单元;非功率型用电单元具备持续用电时间可长可短、小功率(额定电流一般在几十毫安以下)的用电特征,在无线数据传输装置的电气系统中,采集模块、传感器等均为该电气系统中的能量型用电单元。
下面以一种具体的无线数据传输装置电气系统为例来进行说明。本实施例中的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,如图2和3所示,包括电池充电电路7、无线数据收发模块1、其它耗电器件6和组合式超级电池,组合式超级电池包括功率单元4、隔离单元3和能量单元5,隔离单元3连接在能量单元和功率单元输出端之间,能量单元5输出端供电连接其它耗电器件6,功率单元4输出端通过控制电路2供电连接无线数据收发模块1,能量单元5输出端还连接有电池充电电路7,电池充电电路7用于实现对能量单元5充电。当无线数据收发模块1收发数据时,功率单元4与能量单元5之间的电流通路通过隔离单元3断开,控制电路2导通,仅由功率单元4为无线数据收发模块1供电,其它耗电器件6由能量单元5供电。当无线数据收发模块1不收发数据时,由能量单元5为其它耗电器件6提供电能,同时隔离单元3判断功率单元4电量是否充足,若电量不足时,功率单元4与能量单元5通过隔离单元3并接,否则不并接。当能量单元5电量不足时,通过电池充电电路7给能量单元5充电。
可见本电气系统中的能量单元5不再承担瞬态大功率作业任务,只负责小功率负载的持续供能,能量单元不会出现瞬时较大电压降的情况,保证了无线数据传输装置电气系统能够稳定输出,且能量单元不受大电流冲击损坏,寿命更长,避免能量单元被“过早”判废,造成浪费。能量单元可根据其它耗电器件的能量要求配置容量,适当减小了其体积和重量,在选型配置上实现“瘦身”从而节约资源、减少环境污染;仅依靠功率单元为无线数据收发模块供电,使无线数据收发模块的供电质量更好,防止因能量单元放电过度导致无线数据收发模块不能工作的情况。
功率单元4可以是超级电容器单体、由超级电容器单体通过串并联组成的模块,或者传统电容器阵列,如图2所示。功率单元4也可采用倍率性能及低温性能优异的储能器件,如图3所示,储能器件可为具备高倍率放电特性蓄电池,比如锂离子电池(磷酸铁锂系、三元系、锰酸锂系、钛酸锂系等)和卷绕式高倍率铅酸电池,也可以是低温高倍率锂电池和低温高倍率铅酸电池。能量单元5可以是铅酸电池,也可以是镍氢电池,还可以是锰酸锂电池、磷酸铁锂电池、三元电池、钛酸锂电池等其中的任意一种。功率单元存储能量比能量单元存储能量小很多,但充放电效率和功率特性又高很多。
隔离单元具有控制功能,能够根据功率型用电单元启动实现能量单元与功率单元的隔离。本实用新型的隔离单元为开关管、接触器或继电器,包括有控制模块,控制模块上设置有控制接口和第一检测接口,第一检测接口用于检测无线数据收发模块是否收发数据,控制接口用于在第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块收发数据时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电气连接;控制模块还设置有用于检测功率单元电量是否充足的第二检测接口。当第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块不收发数据且第二检测接口检测到功率单元电量是不足时,功率单元与能量单元通过隔离单元并接,否则由隔离单元断开功率单元与能量单元的连接。本实用新型所采用的隔离单元还可采用手动开关的实现方式,通过手动开关实现功率单元和能量单元的隔离。
此外,根据需要,瞬态动力功率补偿器还包括外围电路,该外围电路包括与功率单元连接的检测电路、保护及均衡电路和管理及显示模块,如图4所示,通过检测电路实时检测功率单元的电量,通过保护及均衡电路实现功率单元的均衡保护、充电保护、放电保护、过压保护、欠压保护、过流保护、过温保护和短路保护功能等,通过管理及显示模块实现对功率单元的管理和参数显示。检测电路、保护及均衡电路和管理及显示模块可根据需要实现的功能进行设计,各功能电路的实现对本领域的技术人员而言属于常规技术手段,这里不再给出具体的电路说明。
本实用新型无线数据传输装置电气系统采用组合式超级电池为其提供能量,利用组合式超级电池的功率单元为无线数据收发模块提供电能,使能量单元不再承担瞬态大功率作业任务,能量单元只负责小功率负载的持续供能,避免了能量单元受大电流冲击,可有效提高其使用寿命。同时,在能量单元选型配置上可以“瘦身”,实现小型化、轻量化。此外,功率单元仅用于为无线数据收发模块供电。隔离单元具备防反充功能,任何时候功率单元都不能向能量单元放电,对功率单元有一定的保护作用。同时依靠本实用新型的瞬态动力功率补偿器为无线数据收发模块供电,无线数据收发模块供电质量更好,尤其是低温性能更好,能量单元不会出现瞬时较大电压降的情况,保证无线数据传输装置电气系统能够稳定工作,减少非功率型用电单元因电能质量不稳造成的损坏。
Claims (6)
1.一种无线数据传输装置的电气系统,包括无线数据收发模块、控制电路和除无线数据收发模块外的其它耗电器件,其特征在于,该电气系统还包括能量单元和功率单元,功率单元输出端供电连接无线数据收发模块,能量单元输出端供电连接除无线数据收发模块外的其它耗电器件,能量单元和功率单元输出端之间连接有隔离单元,所述隔离单元用于在功率单元给无线数据收发模块供电时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电流通路,仅由功率单元为无线数据收发模块供电,所述的能量单元为储能器件,所述的功率单元为高倍率放电的储能器件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,其特征在于,所述的隔离单元为开关管、接触器或继电器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,其特征在于,所述的隔离单元还包括控制模块,所述的控制模块包括控制接口和第一检测接口,所述第一检测接口用于检测无线数据收发模块是否收发数据,所述控制接口用于在第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块收发数据时,断开功率单元与能量单元的电气连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,其特征在于,所述的控制电路还包括用于检测功率单元电量是否充足的第二检测接口,当第一检测接口检测到无线数据收发模块不收发数据且第二检测接口检测到功率单元电量不足时,功率单元与能量单元通过隔离单元并接,否则不并接。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,其特征在于,所述的功率单元为超级电容器单体、通过超级电容器单体串并联组成的模块或者电容器阵列。
6.根据权利要求1所述的无线数据传输装置的电气系统,其特征在于,所述的能量单元为铅酸电池、镍氢电池、锰酸锂电池、磷酸铁锂电池、三元电池和钛酸锂电池中的任意一种。
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