A kind of pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system
Technical field
This utility model belongs to coal sublevel cascade utilization technical field, is more particularly, to directed to low in jet coal, brown coal etc.
A kind of pyrolysis oven of rank fine coal and gas-based shaft kiln combined system.
Background technology
The construction featuress of coal itself, determine that low-order coal volatile matters are high, activity is strong, due to moisture with oxygen content is high and calorific value
Low, directly low using (burning or gasify) efficiency, economic worth can not show a candle to high-order coal, therefore, the low order that large-scale develops and utilizes
Coal first must be processed upgrading and could be used for life production to it.One of science and conventional processing method are pyrolysis the most,
Also referred to as " dry distilling " or " thermal decomposition ".Pyrolysis refer to coal isolation air or under inert gas conditions continuous heating to higher temperature
When, the series of physical being occurred changes and chemical reaction, and coal can crosslink bond fission, product restructuring and two in the process
Secondary response, finally gives the products such as gas (coal gas), liquid (tar) and solid (semicoke).Contain in tar and there is no method at present
Multiple polycyclic aromatic hydro carbons compounds of synthetic and heterocyclic compound.Compared with directly burning, pyrolysis achieves in coal not
Congruent step conversion, is a kind of resource high-efficiency method of comprehensive utilization, can reduce the environmental pollution that fire coal causes, improve low order
The advantage of coal resource comprehensive utilization value, creates significant economic and social benefits.
China is that iron and steel produces the first big country, and current steel scrap supply much can not meet the needs of iron and steel production.Domestic
Steel scrap breach cannot be supplementary enough, has been further exacerbated by the nervous situation of market supply.In this case, develop directly in good time
It is necessary for connecing reduction technique.Direct-reduction technique is without coke and sintering deposit, thus is suitable for currently increasingly stricter ring
Guaranteed request.At present, the whole world has ten several direct-reduction processes to achieve industrialized production, returns including Midrex, HyL- III, coal base
Rotary kiln, rotary hearth furnace, fluidized bed process etc..Only gas-based shaft kiln technique Midrex and HyL- III can maximize production, product quality
High, investment is low, and energy consumption is minimum in existing direct-reduction production method.But gas-based shaft kiln requires to the degree of purification of also Primordial Qi
High.
However, the pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis of coal produces, complicated component, heavy tar components are many, and dust content is big, dust shape
Irregularly, need the follow-up dust pelletizing system that complexity is set to process pyrolysis oil gas and just can get coal gas and high-quality tar.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a kind of pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system, other are set
Pyrolysis oil gas is obtained, pyrolysis oil gas impurity content is few after standby reluctant fine coal high temperature pyrolysis, will be straight for the pyrolysis gas after purifying
Pick into gas-based shaft kiln system, reduce scrap smelting cost.
This utility model provides a kind of pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system, including:Pyrolysis oven, isolation of purified system,
Reformation transformation system and gas-based shaft kiln;
Described pyrolysis oven includes:Pyrolysis furnace body and granular bed, described granular bed includes:Top board, side panel,
Be fixed on described pyrolysis furnace body side wall on two wallboards and telescopic valve, thus described top board, described side panel,
Described two wallboards and described side wall surround cavity, and described side panel is porous plate, and described valve is located at described granular bed
Bottom, pyrolysis oil gas vent and catalyst inlet is provided with the side wall between the fixed position of described wallboard;
Described pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas vent connects isolation of purified system pyrolysis oil gas entrance, described isolation of purified system gas
Body outlet connects reformation transformation system gas access, and described reformation transformation system gas outlet connects gas-based shaft kiln gas access.
Granular bed is set in pyrolysis oil gas outlet, can effectively reduce the dustiness in pyrolysis oil gas.Granule moves
The bed of bed, using the calcium oxide with pyrolysis catalytic effect, calcium oxide is crushed to below 1mm, is entered by catalyst inlet
Granular bed, controls the rate travel of granule, preferred rate travel by the aperture controlling granular bed bottom valve
For 0.1~2m/s.
Further, system of the present utility model also includes tar refining system, and described tar refining system includes being pyrolyzed
Oil-in and tar outlet, described isolation of purified system includes liquid outlet;Described isolation of purified system liquid outlet connects institute
State tar refining system pyrolysis oil-in.
As preferred scheme, the valve of described granular bed is push-pull valve, and the handwheel of wherein said push-pull valve is by institute
State pyrolysis oven body exterior and pass through inwall, thus make the bottom as described granular bed for the flashboard of described push-pull valve.Pass through
The aperture of control valve, can control the translational speed of bed in granular bed.
As the preferred scheme of this utility model, described granular bed further includes filter plate, and described filter plate is arranged in
Between described two wallboards and relative with described pyrolysis oil gas vent, thus in described filter plate, described two wallboard and described
Discharge chamber is limited, described filter plate is porous plate between side wall between the fixed position of wallboard.Pyrolysis oil gas is by granular bed
Cavity when entering air inlet chamber, the whole of filter plate are involved in work, it is to avoid filter plate because of the partial ventilation of only corresponding pyrolysis oil gas vent,
The excessive pore causing the distribution of this part of usage frequency is blocked by tar too early and scraps, and extends the service life of filter plate, subtracts
Little shut-down changes the frequency of filter plate, improves production efficiency.
Further, described pyrolysis oven further includes fuel gas inlet, and described pyrolysis oven fuel gas inlet connects described separation
Cleaning system gas outlet.The partial thermal decomposition gas that isolation of purified system produces can enter pyrolysis oven as fuel, is pyrolytic reaction
Energy is provided.
In this utility model, described isolation of purified system includes:Cyclone separator, first cold tower, aerator, electrically trapped tar oil
Device, desulfurizing tower, deammoniation tower, wash benzene column and gas holder;Described cyclone separator gas access connects pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas vent, institute
State cyclone separator gas outlet and connect just Leng Ta gas access, described Chu Leng tower gas outlet connects blower gas entrance,
Described blower gas outlet connects electrical tar precipitator gas access, and described electrical tar precipitator gas outlet connects desulfurizing tower gas
Entrance, described desulfurizing tower gas outlet connects deammoniation tower gas access, and the connection of described deammoniation tower gas outlet is washed benzene column gas and entered
Mouthful, described benzene column gas outlet of washing connects gas holder gas access.The high-quality pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis oven produces enters isolation of purified
System, through Oil-gas Separation, the gas of generation obtains pyrolysis gas through operations such as desulfurization, deaminations.
In this utility model, described reformation transformation system includes:Fine desulfurizing tower, reformation tower, conversion tower and decarbonization device;
Described fine desulfurizing tower gas access connects the outlet of isolation of purified system gas, and described fine desulfurizing tower gas outlet connects reforms
Tower gas access, described reformation tower gas outlet connects conversion tower gas access, and described conversion tower gas outlet connects decarburization dress
Put gas access, described decarbonization device gas outlet connects described gas-based shaft kiln gas access.The heat that isolation of purified system produces
Vent one's spleen and enter reformation transformation system, by further fine desulfurization, reformation and conversion, the gas in pyrolysis gas is converted into hydrogen
Gas and carbon monoxide, obtain the also Primordial Qi of proper ratio, and also Primordial Qi directly enters gas-based shaft kiln.
In addition, this utility model provides a kind of method that utilization said system processes coal, comprise the steps:
Raw material after will be broken adds in described pyrolysis oven, makes raw material that pyrolytic reaction to occur, pyrolytic reaction produces pyrolysis oil
Gas and pyrolysis char;
Described pyrolysis oil pneumatic transmission is entered described granular bed, catalyst enters described granule through described catalyst inlet and moves
Dynamic bed, carries out dedusting, cooling to described pyrolysis oil gas, described pyrolysis oil gas continues to crack under described catalyst action, pyrolysis
Macromolecular components in oil gas resolve into micro-molecular gas, obtain high-quality pyrolysis oil gas;
Described high-quality pyrolysis oil gas is sent into described isolation of purified system through pyrolysis oil gas vent, obtains pyrolysis gas and heat
Then described pyrolysis gas are sent into described reformation transformation system and are processed by solution oil, obtain also Primordial Qi;
Described reduction pneumatic transmission is entered described gas-based shaft kiln.
As preferred scheme, the pyrolysis oil that described isolation of purified system is produced is sent into described tar refining system, is obtained
Obtain high-quality oil product.
In this utility model, the partial thermal decomposition gas that described isolation of purified system is produced sends into described pyrolysis as fuel
Stove.
Pyrolysis oven of the present utility model and gas-based shaft kiln combined system, granular bed are built in pyrolysis oven, effectively
Reduce the dustiness in pyrolysis oil gas, reduce follow-up tar pretreated cost, pyrolysis is reduced by dust pelletizing system simultaneously
Oil gas temperature;Using pyrolysis catalysts as the bed of granular bed, improve pyrolysis gas available gas constituent content further;
After reformation conversion process, gained also Primordial Qi is directly entered gas-based shaft kiln, low cost to pyrolysis gas, and energy consumption of unit product is low.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is this utility model embodiment pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the schematic front view of granular bed in this utility model embodiment system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of granular bed in this utility model embodiment system;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method processing coal using the system of this utility model embodiment.
In figure:
100- pyrolysis oven;
1- is pyrolyzed furnace body;11- is pyrolyzed oil gas vent;12- catalyst inlet;
2- granular bed;21- top board;22- side panel;23- wallboard;24- valve;25- filter plate;26- air chamber;
3- heat accumulation type radiant tube;
200- isolation of purified system;
201- cyclone separator;202- just cold tower;203- aerator;204- electrical tar precipitator;
205- desulfurizing tower;206- deammoniation tower;207- washes benzene column;208- gas holder;
300- resets transformation system;
The fine desulfurizing tower of 301-;302- reformation tower;303- converts tower;304- decarbonization device;
400- gas-based shaft kiln;
500- tar refining system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just the advantage that better understood when scheme of the present utility model and its various aspects.However, specific implementations described below side
Formula and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to restriction of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, on the one hand, embodiment of the present utility model provides a kind of pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system,
Including:Pyrolysis oven 100, isolation of purified system 200, reformation transformation system 300, gas-based shaft kiln 400 and tar refining system 500.
Pyrolysis oven 1 includes:Pyrolysis furnace body 1, granular bed 2 and heat accumulation type radiant tube 3.
Pyrolysis furnace body 1 is pyrolytic reaction container.Typically open up feed(raw material)inlet at the top of pyrolytic reaction container, in side wall
On be provided with pyrolysis oil gas vent, the bottom of pyrolytic reaction container setting semicoke outlet.
On the side wall of granular bed 2 fixing pyrolysis furnace body 1, and pyrolysis oil gas vent 101 is covered, this utility model
Described covers, and refers to that granular bed 2 will be pyrolyzed oil gas vent and pyrolysis furnace chamber isolation.Pyrolysis oil gas is through granular bed
After dedusting, discharged outside pyrolysis furnace body by pyrolysis oil gas vent 101.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, granular bed 2 includes:Top board 21, side panel 22, be fixed on pyrolysis furnace body side wall
On two wallboards 23 and telescopic valve 24.Cavity is surrounded by this top board 21,22, two wallboards 23 of side panel and side wall,
Side panel 22 is porous plate, and valve 24 is located at the bottom of granular bed, arranges on the side wall between the fixed position of wallboard
There are pyrolysis oil gas vent 101 and catalyst inlet 102.
Side panel 22 is porous plate, and pyrolysis oil gas enters in the cavity of granular bed through side panel 22, through its interior urging
Agent is discharged outside pyrolysis furnace body 1 by pyrolysis oil gas vent 101 after filtering.
For convenience of explanation, refer in particular to positioned at two wallboards 23 the side wall referred to as " portion between the fixed position of side wall
Divide side wall ".Pyrolysis oil gas vent 101 and catalyst inlet 102 are arranged in this " partial sidewall ", are pyrolyzed oil gas vent 101
Below catalyst inlet 102.
Granular bed 2 is set at pyrolysis oil gas vent 101, can effectively reduce the dustiness in pyrolysis oil gas.Granule
The bed of moving bed 2, using the calcium oxide with pyrolysis catalytic effect, calcium oxide is crushed to below 1mm, is entered by catalyst
Mouth 101 entrance granular beds.
As preferred scheme, the valve 24 of granular bed is push-pull valve, and wherein the handwheel of push-pull valve is by pyrolysis oven basis
Body 1 is outside to pass through inwall, thus makes the bottom as granular bed for the flashboard of push-pull valve.Direction to outside pyrolysis furnace body 1
Draw valve, the catalyst falling speed in granular bed cavity can be accelerated;Push away valve to the direction in pyrolysis furnace body 1, can
Slow down the catalyst falling speed in granular bed cavity.Operator can need to carry out autonomous operation according to production, preferably
Catalyst rate travel be 0.1~2m/s.
In this utility model embodiment, granular bed 2 further includes filter plate 25, and filter plate 25 is porous plate.Filter plate 25
It is arranged between two wallboards 23 and relative with pyrolysis oil gas vent 101.Thus in 25, two wallboards 23 of filter plate and wallboard
Discharge chamber 26 is limited between side wall between fixed position.When pyrolysis oil gas enters air inlet chamber 26 by the cavity of granular bed, filter
The whole of plate 25 are involved in work, it is to avoid because of the partial ventilation of only corresponding pyrolysis oil gas vent, usage frequency is excessive to be caused filter plate
The pore of this part distribution is blocked by tar too early and scraps, and extends the service life of filter plate, reduces shut-down and changes filter plate
Frequency, improve production efficiency.
Heat accumulation type radiant tube 3 is arranged in pyrolysis furnace body 1, and heat accumulation type radiant tube 3 is along the short transverse of pyrolysis furnace body 1
Multi-tier arrangement, many heat accumulation type radiant tubes 3 parallel to each other in the horizontal direction of every layer of arrangement, be conducive to raw material in stove (fine coal)
Thermally equivalent.
In this utility model embodiment, isolation of purified system 200 includes:Cyclone separator 201, first cold tower 202, aerator
203rd, electrical tar precipitator 204, desulfurizing tower 205, deammoniation tower 206, wash benzene column 207 and gas holder 208.Cyclone separator 201 gas enters
Mouth connects pyrolysis oven pyrolysis oil gas vent 11, and cyclone separator 201 gas outlet connects just cold tower 202 gas access, just cold tower
202 gas outlets connect aerator 203 gas access, and aerator 203 gas outlet connects electrical tar precipitator 204 gas access,
Electrical tar precipitator 204 gas outlet connects desulfurizing tower 205 gas access, and desulfurizing tower 205 gas outlet connects deammoniation tower 206 gas
Entrance, deammoniation tower 206 gas outlet connects washes benzene column 207 gas access, washes benzene column 207 gas outlet and connects gas holder 208 gas
Entrance.The high-quality pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis oven 100 produces enters isolation of purified system 200, through Oil-gas Separation, the gas warp of generation
The operations such as desulfurization, deamination obtain pyrolysis gas.
Further, pyrolysis oven also includes fuel gas inlet, and pyrolysis oven fuel gas inlet connects the outlet of isolation of purified system gas.
The partial thermal decomposition gas that isolation of purified system produces can enter pyrolysis oven as fuel, provides energy for pyrolytic reaction.
In this utility model embodiment, reformation transformation system 300 includes:Fine desulfurizing tower 301, reformation tower 302, conversion tower
303 and decarbonization device 304.Fine desulfurizing tower 301 gas access connects isolation of purified system 200 gas outlet, fine desulfurizing tower
301 gas outlets connect reformation tower 302 gas access, and reformation tower 302 gas outlet connects conversion tower 303 gas access, conversion
Tower 303 gas outlet connects decarbonization device 304 gas access, and decarbonization device 304 gas outlet connects gas-based shaft kiln 400 gas and enters
Mouthful.The pyrolysis gas that isolation of purified system 200 produces enter reformation transformation system 300, by further fine desulfurization, reformation and
Conversion, the gas in pyrolysis gas is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, obtains the also Primordial Qi of proper ratio, the also direct air inlet of Primordial Qi
Base shaft furnace 400.
Gas-based shaft kiln 400 is the reactor being directly produced reduced iron, and the also Primordial Qi that reformation transformation system 300 produces is transported to
Gas-based shaft kiln 400, for reduction reaction.
Further, the tar refining system 500 of this utility model embodiment includes being pyrolyzed oil-in and tar outlet, point
Include liquid outlet from cleaning system 200;Isolation of purified system 200 liquid outlet connects tar refining system 500 pyrolysis oil and enters
Mouthful.The pyrolysis oil separated cleaning system liquid outlet that isolation of purified system 200 is isolated enters tar refining system 500, warp
Hydrofinishing can obtain high-quality oil product.
As shown in figure 4, on the other hand, this utility model embodiment provides a kind of method that utilization said system processes coal,
Comprise the steps:
1st, the raw material after will be broken adds in pyrolysis oven, makes raw material that pyrolytic reaction to occur, and pyrolytic reaction produces pyrolysis oil gas
And pyrolysis char;
2nd, pyrolysis oil pneumatic transmission is entered granular bed, catalyst enters granular bed through catalyst inlet, to pyrolysis oil
Gas carries out dedusting, cooling, and pyrolysis oil gas continues to crack under catalyst action, and the macromolecular components in pyrolysis oil gas resolve into little
Molecular gas, obtains high-quality pyrolysis oil gas;
3rd, high-quality pyrolysis oil gas is sent into isolation of purified system through pyrolysis oil gas vent, obtains pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis oil,
Then pyrolysis gas are sent into reformation transformation system to process, obtain also Primordial Qi;
4th, reduction pneumatic transmission is entered gas-based shaft kiln;
5th, the pyrolysis oil that isolation of purified system produces is sent into tar refining system, obtain high-quality oil product;
6th, the partial thermal decomposition gas that isolation of purified system produces is sent into pyrolysis oven as fuel.
Embodiment
Feed coal is crushed to below particle diameter 3mm, sends into pyrolysis oven and gas-based shaft kiln combined system, control pyrolysis oven interior temperature
900 DEG C of degree, is provided with Multi-layer warming radial canal and granular bed dust pelletizing system in pyrolysis oven.Pyrolysis oil gas is in granular bed
Interior, continue cracking through catalyst action, obtain high-quality pyrolysis oil gas.The high-quality pyrolysis oil gas that pyrolysis oven produces is separated net
After changing system tar refining system, pyrolysis gas and high-quality oil product can be obtained.Pyrolysis gas obtain also after the process of reformation transformation system
Primordial Qi, also Primordial Qi are directly entered gas-based shaft kiln and are produced.Form as shown in table 1 in pyrolysis gas after separated cleaning system.
Table 1 pyrolysis gas constituent
Also Primordial Qi H after reformation conversion decarburization2Total amount with CO is 90.8%, H2/ CO volume ratio is 4.3:1.With blast furnace
Smelting system is compared with coke-stove gas-gas-based shaft kiln smelting system, and pyrolysis oven-gas-based shaft kiln has obvious advantage, has more
Big economic worth.Compare with coke-stove gas-gas-based shaft kiln smelting system, the energy consumption fall of pyrolysis oven-gas-based shaft kiln unit product
Low by 6.1%, unit cost averagely reduces by 50~80 yuan/ton.
It should be noted that each embodiment above by reference to described by accompanying drawing is only in order to illustrate this utility model rather than limit
Make scope of the present utility model, it will be understood by those within the art that, without departing from spirit of the present utility model and model
The modification on the premise of enclosing, this utility model being carried out or equivalent, all should cover within the scope of this utility model.
Additionally, unless the context outside indication, the word occurring in the singular includes plural form, and vice versa.In addition, removing non-specifically
Explanation, then all or part of of any embodiment can use in conjunction with all or part of of any other embodiment.