CN218778887U - Circular internal heating type vertical carbonization furnace for low-rank coal for magnesium smelting - Google Patents

Circular internal heating type vertical carbonization furnace for low-rank coal for magnesium smelting Download PDF

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CN218778887U
CN218778887U CN202320058906.3U CN202320058906U CN218778887U CN 218778887 U CN218778887 U CN 218778887U CN 202320058906 U CN202320058906 U CN 202320058906U CN 218778887 U CN218778887 U CN 218778887U
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chamber
dry distillation
voc
temperature dry
pyrolysis
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杨丙衡
裴振
李宝东
方会斌
谢国威
李国成
杨爽
徐歆未
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Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo Energy Co Ltd
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Sinosteel Anshan Research Institute of Thermo Energy Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The utility model relates to a magnesium smelting is with circular interior hot type vertical retort of low order coal, including charge-in system, the retort main part, the quenching room, charge-in system sets up the upper end at the retort main part, the quenching room sets up the lower extreme at the retort main part, dry preheating chamber in the retort main part, medium temperature dry distillation chamber, high temperature dry distillation chamber and pyrolysis carbonization room set gradually from top to bottom, be equipped with dry distillation chamber band in high temperature dry distillation chamber, dry distillation chamber band is for vertically setting up a plurality of slab bands in high temperature dry distillation intracavity, a plurality of slab bands horizontal evenly distributed, separate into a plurality of strip passageways with high temperature dry distillation chamber; VOC pyrolysis tubes are also arranged in the medium-temperature dry distillation cavity and the high-temperature dry distillation cavity; a preheating coil pipe for residual ammonia water is arranged in the quenching chamber. The utility model discloses an oxygen boosting improves the carbomorphism degree as the gasification agent, promotes the coal gas quality to utilize the furnace body heat to carry out the preliminary treatment to the VOC and the surplus aqueous ammonia that the system produced, alleviate follow-up processing burden, the energy saving.

Description

Circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace for low-rank coal for magnesium smelting
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the coal coking processing field, which is applied to the coal coking treatment in the industries of coking, metal magnesium smelting, coal and steel; in particular to a circular internal heating type vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting.
Background
The existing circular iron furnace has the problems of low equipment level and automation level, incomplete environmental protection facilities, lack of VOCs collection and treatment and the like. Under the current policy, a semi-coke furnace can only be selected for newly building a large-scale smelting project, so that the coal consumption and the pollutant production are increased by 40 percent compared with a round iron furnace, and the green and low-carbon development of the coking, metal magnesium smelting, coal and steel industries is not facilitated.
In patent CN88200174U a flat-top coke oven is disclosed. It is mentioned that each pyrolysis zone is operated independently, the whole of the furnace gas being used for reheating. This approach undoubtedly wastes the reusable resources twice. The fuel in the carbonization chamber is excessive, the temperature of each channel is extremely high, high requirements are put on construction materials, and explosion risks are easy to occur. Patent CN101724416B provides a stepped carbonization furnace, which selects raw material coal with a particle size of 6-20mm, and has the advantages of low raw material price and more goods sources. The carbonization furnace has the disadvantages that the carbonization furnace belongs to a semi-open type, the heat source is easy to lose, the pyrolysis degree is low, 50 percent of produced coal gas needs to be recycled to the carbonization chamber to continuously participate in pyrolysis, and a large amount of coal gas required by the magnesium smelting industry cannot be adapted. And the gas is recycled and secondarily participates in combustion, so that the nitrogen content is very high (40-50%), and the gas quality cannot be ensured. Patent CN101691493B also requires the return of half of the self-produced gas.
In view of this, in order to overcome the technical problems, the circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of the low-rank coal for magnesium smelting is designed. The operation is simple, the investment is low, 100% of produced coal gas is output as fuel gas, oxygen enrichment is adopted as a gasifying agent in the pyrolysis carbonization process, the contact area of the flue gas and the coal powder is increased by matching with a dry distillation belt, and the coal gas quantity produced by unit coal material is larger under the same condition. In-situ reduction is considered for both VOC and part of residual ammonia water, the total pollutant emission amount and the total coal consumption amount of the whole production process are obviously reduced, the energy-saving and emission-reducing effects and the economic benefits are obvious, and the process upgrading is realized to the maximum extent.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a magnesium is smelted with vertical retort of circular interior hot type of low order coal adopts the oxygen boosting as the gasification agent, improves the carbomorphism degree, promotes the coal gas quality to utilize the furnace body heat to carry out the preliminary treatment to VOC and the surplus aqueous ammonia that the system produced, alleviate the subsequent processing burden, the energy saving.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting comprises a feeding system, a main body of the carbonization furnace and a coke quenching chamber, wherein the feeding system is arranged at the upper end of the main body of the carbonization furnace, the coke quenching chamber is arranged at the lower end of the main body of the carbonization furnace, the main body of the carbonization furnace comprises a drying preheating chamber, a medium-temperature carbonization chamber, a high-temperature carbonization chamber and a pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the drying preheating chamber, the medium-temperature carbonization chamber, the high-temperature carbonization chamber and the pyrolysis carbonization chamber are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, a carbonization chamber binding belt is arranged in the high-temperature carbonization chamber, the carbonization chamber binding belt is a plurality of plate strips longitudinally arranged in the high-temperature carbonization chamber, and the plurality of plate strips are transversely and uniformly distributed to divide the high-temperature carbonization chamber into a plurality of strip-shaped channels; the middle-temperature dry distillation cavity and the high-temperature dry distillation cavity are also internally provided with VOC (volatile organic compound) pyrolysis tubes, the inlets of the VOC pyrolysis tubes are connected with the VOC cache tanks to the outside of the furnace body, and the outlets of the VOC pyrolysis tubes are connected with the VOC treatment system to the outside of the furnace body; and a residual ammonia water preheating coil is arranged in the quenching chamber.
The feeding system comprises a feeding bin and an intermediate bin, the feeding bin feeds materials to the intermediate bin, and the intermediate bin feeds materials to the carbonization furnace main body.
And a feeding baffle plate which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the drying preheating chamber and below the feeding hole of the furnace body.
The pyrolysis carbonization chamber is internally provided with an oxygen-enriched distributor which is longitudinally arranged in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber, an oxygen-enriched air inlet at the upper end of the oxygen-enriched distributor is connected with an oxygen enrichment system to the outside of the furnace body, and air distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the oxygen-enriched distributor.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
1. the utility model discloses set up to one side and put feeding baffle bottom retort furnace body entry, can play the effect of buffering to the coal charge of whereabouts, slowed down speed, can prolong the time that the coal charge stops at dry preheating chamber, slowed down the impact of coal charge to dry distillation chamber band simultaneously.
2. The smoke ascending channel and the coal powder descending channel are divided into a plurality of belt-shaped channels by the carbonization cavity belt, so that the contact area of smoke and coal powder is increased.
3. Oxygen enrichment is used as a gasifying agent, so that the carbonization degree is improved, and the quality of coal gas is improved.
4. High-concentration VOC generated by the system is subjected to indirect heat exchange pyrolysis in the high-temperature dry distillation section, so that the burden of subsequent treatment of the VOC is reduced.
5. And a residual ammonia water preheating and concentrating coil is arranged at the bottom of the coke quenching chamber, and the heat of the coke quenching chamber is used for preheating the residual ammonia water, so that the water consumption for subsequent treatment of the residual ammonia water is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gas enrichment chamber and a retort chamber belt.
Fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the residual ammonia water preheating pipe in the quenching chamber.
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of an oxygen enrichment system.
FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of a gas purification system.
In the figure: 1-a hoisting device, 2-a feeding bin, 3-an intermediate bin, 4-a flat valve, 5-a gas collecting pipe, 6-a feeding baffle, 7-a drying preheating chamber, 8-a residual ammonia preheating coil, 9-a carbonization chamber belt, 10-a medium temperature carbonization chamber, 11-a VOC pyrolysis pipe, 12-a high temperature carbonization chamber, 13-a pyrolysis carbonization chamber, 14-an oxygen-enriched air inlet, 15-an air distribution hole, 16-a coke quenching chamber, 17-a discharge hole and 18-an ammonia atomizer.
Detailed Description
The following description will further explain embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-6, a circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting comprises a feeding system, a carbonization furnace main body and a coke quenching chamber 16, wherein the feeding system is arranged at the upper end of the carbonization furnace main body, the coke quenching chamber 16 is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization furnace main body, the carbonization furnace main body comprises a drying preheating chamber 7, a medium-temperature carbonization chamber 10, a high-temperature carbonization chamber 12 and a pyrolysis carbonization chamber 13, the drying preheating chamber 7, the medium-temperature carbonization chamber 10, the high-temperature carbonization chamber 12 and the pyrolysis carbonization chamber 13 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the high-temperature carbonization chamber 12 is provided with a carbonization chamber belt 9, the carbonization chamber belt 9 is a plurality of plate strips longitudinally arranged in the high-temperature carbonization chamber 12, and the plurality of plate strips are transversely and uniformly distributed to divide the high-temperature carbonization chamber 12 into a plurality of strip-shaped channels; a VOC (volatile organic compound) pyrolysis pipe 11 is further arranged in the medium-temperature dry distillation cavity 10 and the high-temperature dry distillation cavity 12, the inlet of the VOC pyrolysis pipe 11 is connected with a VOC cache tank towards the outside of the furnace body, and the outlet of the VOC pyrolysis pipe 12 is connected with a VOC treatment system towards the outside of the furnace body; a residual ammonia water preheating coil 8 is arranged in the quenching chamber 16.
The feeding system comprises a feeding bin 2 and an intermediate bin 3, wherein the feeding bin 2 feeds the intermediate bin 3, and the intermediate bin 3 feeds the carbonization furnace main body.
A feeding baffle 6 which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the drying preheating chamber 7 and below the feeding hole of the furnace body. The feeding baffle 6 has a buffering effect on falling coal materials, so that the retention time of the coal materials in the drying and preheating chamber can be prolonged, and the falling speed of the coal materials can be reduced to reduce the impact on the lower dry distillation cavity belt 9.
An oxygen-enriched distributor is arranged in the pyrolysis and carbonization chamber 13, the oxygen-enriched distributor is longitudinally arranged in the pyrolysis and carbonization chamber 13, an oxygen-enriched air inlet 14 at the upper end of the oxygen-enriched distributor is connected with an oxygen enrichment system to the outside of the furnace body, and air distribution holes 15 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the oxygen-enriched distributor.
Referring to fig. 5, the oxygen enrichment system comprises a dryer, an air compressor, an air storage tank and a filter, wherein a nitrogen enrichment sieve is arranged in the filter. The utility model discloses nitrogen gas that nitrogen gas enrichment sieve used in the oxygen enrichment system filter can adsorb in the air reduces nitrogen gas proportion in the gas, improves oxygen concentration. The nitrogen enrichment sieve adsorbs nitrogen under the high pressure condition of 1.5-10 MPa, desorbs nitrogen under normal pressure, and can be repeatedly utilized.
The preparation method of the nitrogen enrichment sieve comprises the following steps:
0.1mmol of Ce (NO) 3 ) 3 ·6H 2 O and 0.2mmolC1 2 H 10 FeO 4 Dissolving in acetone, stirring at room temperature for 10-90min, pouring into Teflon reactor, and reacting at 140-220 deg.C for 12-18h; after the reaction is finished, alternately washing the mixture for 3 times by using acetone and distilled water, and then drying the mixture at 80 ℃ overnight for 12 to 18 hours; pouring the synthesized product into a crucible, introducing argon into a tube furnace, keeping the temperature at 300 ℃, calcining for 1-5h, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a precursor; mixing a precursor and 1000-2000-mesh fly ash in equal proportion, adding liquid alkali with the mass concentration of 30% for immersion, fully stirring and grinding (the precursor is converged into small particles in calcination, the small particles can be fully infiltrated by the liquid alkali after grinding and are ground to 1000-2000 meshes), putting the mixture into a crucible, introducing nitrogen into a tubular furnace to maintain 550-850 ℃ to complete the melting process, cooling to room temperature, performing ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, putting the mixture into a Teflon reaction kettle, performing hydrothermal treatment for 12 hours at 80 ℃, and thoroughly washing with deionized water until the pH value of a supernatant reaches the pH value of the supernatant<10, then drying at 90 ℃ for 12h, and selecting a molecular sieve with the size of more than 20-80 meshes.
The utility model discloses in: the feeding system, the drying preheating chamber, the medium-temperature dry distillation chamber, the high-temperature dry distillation chamber, the pyrolysis carbonization chamber and the coke quenching chamber are main coke oven systems and are vertically connected from top to bottom. The oxygen enrichment screen, the gas purification system, the residual ammonia water preheating coil and the VOC pyrolysis pipe are an auxiliary system of the coke oven.
The medium-temperature dry distillation cavity 10 is arranged between the high-temperature dry distillation cavity 12 and the drying preheating chamber 7, the temperature of the medium-temperature dry distillation cavity 10 is kept between 450 ℃ and 650 ℃, mainly coal materials are softened and are primarily decomposed into crude coal gas. The high-temperature dry distillation cavity 12 is arranged between the medium-temperature dry distillation cavity 10 and the pyrolysis carbonization chamber 13, the temperature of the high-temperature dry distillation cavity 12 is kept between 650 ℃ and 1000 ℃, and dry distillation is completed.
The internal belt structure of the high-temperature dry distillation cavity can increase the contact area of the high-temperature flue gas and the coal material.
The utility model discloses medium temperature dry distillation chamber 10 and high temperature dry distillation chamber 12 part have set up VOC pyrolysis tube 11 in the furnace body, and this VOC pyrolysis tube 11 is arranged around the even array of the inside circumferencial direction of furnace body, direct and the contact of high temperature coal charge. The VOC pyrolysis tube 11 is in micro negative pressure, and the flow rate is kept at 1.6-3.3m/s. The upper part of the VOC pyrolysis pipe 11 is provided with an outlet connected with a VOC subsequent purification system, the lower part of the VOC pyrolysis pipe is provided with an inlet connected with an external VOC storage tank, and VOC generated by the system enters the VOC pyrolysis pipe 11 through the VOC storage tank for preheating treatment; the utility model discloses a VOC pyrolysis pipe 11 mainly utilizes the inside heat in high temperature dry distillation chamber to preheat VOC processing system's VOC, and under the temperature in high temperature dry distillation chamber, VOC can preheat the decomposition in VOC pyrolysis pipe 11, can reach the purpose that tentatively reduces toxicity, reduce concentration at this preheating in-process, alleviates follow-up VOC clean system and handles the load.
The temperature of the pyrolysis carbonization chamber 13 is kept between 900 and 1280 ℃, and the polycondensation is further carried out to release hydrogen. Oxygen-enriched gas with the concentration of 26-35% is used as a gasifying agent to be combusted in the pyrolysis and carbonization chamber 12.
Referring to fig. 6, the gas collected by the gas collecting pipe 5 enters a gas purifying system, and the gas purifying system consists of a gas collecting pipe, a dust remover, a cooler, a tar separator, a dewatering filter and a nitrogen enrichment sieve. The nitrogen enrichment sieve is arranged inside the water removal filter, plays a role in adsorbing nitrogen in the coal gas and preliminarily improves the concentration of the coal gas. The nitrogen content of the purified gas system is 8-25%, and the heat value of the unit gas is more than or equal to 3200kcal/Nm 3 。
The utility model discloses a quenching room is confined independent system, and the coke of pyrolysis carbomorphism room 12 passes through the discharge gate entering quenching room 16 of lower extreme, has conveyer in the quenching room 16, and there is ammonia atomizer 18 conveyer top, and the coke falls into conveyer and sees off from discharge gate 17 after the ammonia is put out coke. The bottom of the quenching chamber 16 is provided with a residual ammonia preheating coil 8. The water inlet temperature of the residual ammonia water is 5-20 ℃, and the water outlet temperature is 25-40 ℃ after heat exchange with the coke quenching chamber 16. The post-treatment mode of the residual ammonia water after heat exchange, whether a biochemical method, an incineration method or a physical method, can improve the treatment efficiency and save energy.

Claims (4)

1. The circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace for the low-rank coal for magnesium smelting comprises a feeding system, a carbonization furnace main body and a coke quenching chamber, wherein the feeding system is arranged at the upper end of the carbonization furnace main body, and the coke quenching chamber is arranged at the lower end of the carbonization furnace main body; the middle-temperature dry distillation cavity and the high-temperature dry distillation cavity are also internally provided with a VOC (volatile organic compound) pyrolysis tube, the inlet of the VOC pyrolysis tube is connected with a VOC cache tank towards the outside of the furnace body, and the outlet of the VOC pyrolysis tube is connected with a VOC treatment system towards the outside of the furnace body; and a residual ammonia water preheating coil is arranged in the quenching chamber.
2. The circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting according to claim 1, wherein the feeding system comprises a feeding bin and an intermediate bin, the feeding bin feeds the intermediate bin, and the intermediate bin feeds the main body of the carbonization furnace.
3. The circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting according to claim 1, wherein an inclined feed baffle is arranged in the drying and preheating chamber below the feed inlet of the furnace body.
4. The circular internally heated vertical carbonization furnace of low-rank coal for magnesium smelting according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen-enriched distributor is arranged in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the oxygen-enriched distributor is longitudinally arranged in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber, an oxygen-enriched air inlet at the upper end of the oxygen-enriched distributor is connected with an oxygen enrichment system to the outside of the furnace body, and air distribution holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the oxygen-enriched distributor.
CN202320058906.3U 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 Circular internal heating type vertical carbonization furnace for low-rank coal for magnesium smelting Active CN218778887U (en)

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CN202320058906.3U CN218778887U (en) 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 Circular internal heating type vertical carbonization furnace for low-rank coal for magnesium smelting

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