CN205829410U - Permanent magnet rotor low harmonic magnetization device - Google Patents

Abstract

The permanent magnet rotor low-harmonic magnetizing device is characterized in that by setting multiple modulated magnetizing poles, the entire magnetizing pole surface is divided into multiple tooth-shaped magnetizing poles. The potentials are distributed into a low harmonic proportional relationship to realize a modulated permanent magnet rotor magnetization pole; the low harmonic permanent magnet rotor magnetization device is prepared by using the modulated magnetization pole, magnetization coil and magnetization current, so that the magnetization pole During the forming process of the permanent magnet rotor, a modulated magnetic field is applied to the permanent magnet magnetic powder, so that the internal magnetic domains of the magnetic powder material in the permanent magnet rotor are regulated and arranged; after the permanent magnet rotor is formed, the waveform of the air gap magnetic field generated when it is loaded into the motor is closer Sine wave, the utility model overcomes the deficiency of the non-sine wave distribution of the air gap magnetic field in the existing permanent magnet rotor magnetization method, can reduce the effect of the harmonic magnetic field, is beneficial to improve the performance of the permanent magnet motor, and reduces the vibration and vibration of the permanent magnet motor Noise, improve the stability and reliability of the permanent magnet motor.

Description

Permanent magnet rotor low harmonic magnetization device

technical field

The utility model relates to a magnetizing device for permanent magnets, in particular to a low-harmonic magnetizing device for a permanent magnet rotor that realizes the low harmonic distribution of the air gap magnetic field of a permanent magnet motor, and belongs to the technical field of permanent magnet motor rotors.

Background technique

At present, permanent magnet motors are widely used due to their light weight, high performance, high efficiency and energy saving. At the same time, more and more attention is paid to the problems of vibration and noise of permanent magnet motors. The characteristics of the gap magnetic field are the key factors affecting the vibration and noise of permanent magnet motors.

The traditional magnetizing device adopts a single magnetizing head and a single magnetizing coil, so that the air gap magnetic field established by the rotor of the permanent magnet motor in the motor is mostly a non-sinusoidal wave, and the harmonic content in it is relatively high, so that the motor The copper consumption, iron consumption, and miscellaneous consumption increase, the efficiency decreases, and the temperature rise increases, which makes it difficult for many advantages of permanent magnet motors to be reflected as market advantages. In addition, the non-low harmonic magnetic field will also generate pulsating electromagnetic torque and cause speed oscillation, which will affect the operation stability, reliability and service life, and directly affect the use and promotion of permanent magnet motors. Therefore, how to make the harmonics of the air-gap magnetic field waveform generated by the permanent magnet rotor lower has become a key core technical bottleneck restricting the performance of the permanent magnet motor.

The invention patent application with the publication number CN104319060A "A method and device for sinusoidal magnetization of a permanent magnet rotor" (application number: 2014104726101) discloses a method and device for sinusoidal magnetization of a permanent magnet rotor. The contact surface is divided into 2m arc segments that are symmetrical about the geometric center line of the magnetizing pole, that is, the NS pole junction line. The width and interval of the arc segment on each magnetizing pole are in a sinusoidal proportional relationship. A magnetic field is applied to the permanent magnet powder during the molding process, so that the magnetic domains inside the permanent magnet powder material are regulated and arranged, so that the air gap magnetic field waveform generated when the permanent magnet rotor is molded and loaded into the motor is closer to a sine wave, which reduces the The harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field is an improved magnetizing method and device.

However, the magnetizing ampere-turns used by each modulated segmented magnetizing pole in this device are the same, affected by the nonlinear factors of the magnetic field, only by adjusting the width and interval of each magnetizing pole arc section to form a sinusoidal proportional relationship, it is possible There will be deficiencies that affect the effect of the patented technology.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a permanent magnet rotor low-harmonic magnetization device for the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, so as to overcome the air gap magnetic field harmonic generated by the permanent magnet rotor in the existing permanent magnet rotor magnetization method. The lack of high wave content makes the harmonic content of the air-gap magnet generated when the permanent magnet rotor is formed and loaded into the motor, compared with traditional and improved magnetization and devices.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is:

A low-harmonic magnetizing device for a permanent magnet rotor, mainly composed of an iron core and a magnetizing coil. The magnetizing head of each polarity on the iron core consists of m magnetizing poles, a magnetizing coil on each magnetizing pole, and a covering The magnetic yoke on the outer circumference of the magnetizing pole is composed of; the number of turns of each magnetizing coil and the current of the pulse power supply connected to the lead wire are different, thereby generating different magnetizing magnetic potentials, which are placed under the magnetizing pole head The magnetization of the permanent magnet rotor; its characteristic is that the center angle occupied by each of the m magnetization poles under one magnetic polarity is β=π/m arc radians, and the position angle of the kth magnetization pole is kπ/m The number of turns of the magnetizing coil is W _k , the connected magnetizing current is I _k , and the magnetizing magnetic potential generated is F _k =W _k I _k ; the kth and k+1th magnetizing poles generate The low-harmonic modulation relationship between the magnetization potentials is F _k+1 /F _k ＝W _k+1 I _k+1 /W _k I _k ＝sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ /m), wherein, k=1,2,3,...,m-1; another magnetic polarity W ₁ =W ₂ =...=W _m magnetic charging poles are related to the magnetic poles of the above magnetic polarity Sexual geometric centerline symmetry setting.

Further, the number of turns of each magnetizing coil can be configured in an equal relationship, that is, W ₁ =W ₂ =...=W _m , so that the magnetizing current of the magnetizing coil is configured to have a low harmonic relationship as I _k+1 / I _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1,2,3,...,m-1.

Further, the magnetizing current of each magnetizing coil can be configured in an equal relationship, that is, I ₁ =I ₂ =...=I _m , so that the turns of the magnetizing coil are configured so that the low harmonic relationship is W _k+1 /W _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1,2,3,...,m-1.

Further, in order to benefit from the adjustable arrangement of magnetic domains inside the permanent magnetic powder material, the axial length of the iron core is equal to the axial length of the permanent magnet rotor, and the gap where each magnetizing pole is placed in the magnetizing coil should be as small as possible. Beneficially, magnetic material is used to fill this gap.

Further, the iron core of the magnetizing device is made of soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability to optimize the magnetizing effect. The magnetizing coil is preferably wound with insulated enameled wire, and nested behind the toothed magnetizing pole, it is dipped in paint and dried for insulation treatment.

The low-harmonic magnetization method of the permanent magnet rotor adopted in the utility model is that the magnetization head of each magnetic polarity is composed of m teeth-shaped magnetization poles with equal central angles, and the position angle occupied by each magnetization pole matches the position angle of the magnetization pole. The magnetizing magnetic potential generated by the magnetizing coil and the magnetizing current has a low harmonic modulation ratio relationship. The magnetizing pole exerts a magnetic field on the permanent magnet powder during the forming process of the permanent magnet rotor, so that the internal magnetic domain of the permanent magnet powder material is regulated. Arrangement, so that the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field generated when the permanent magnet rotor is formed and loaded into the motor is lower.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is: the magnetizing device applies a modulated magnetizing magnetic field to the permanent magnet powder during the forming process of the permanent magnet rotor, so that the internal magnetic domain of the permanent magnet powder material has a controllable orientation Compared with the traditional and improved magnetizing devices, the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic field generated when the permanent magnet rotor is formed and loaded into the motor is lower, which overcomes the harmonics of the air-gap magnetic field in the existing permanent magnet rotor magnetization method The shortcomings of high wave content are beneficial to improve the performance of permanent magnet motors, and improve the stability and reliability of operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the low harmonic wave magnetizing device of the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a parameter configuration diagram of the permanent magnet rotor low harmonic magnetization device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a distribution diagram of magnetic force lines during magnetization of the permanent magnet rotor low harmonic magnetization device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the air-gap magnetic field waveform curve of the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention in the motor;

In the figure: 1, is the iron core, 2, is the permanent magnet rotor, 3, is the magnetizing coil, N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ ,..., N _m are m magnetizing poles under one magnetic polarity, Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ ,..., Z _m are m magnetizing coils of one magnetic polarity, S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ ,..., S _m are m magnetizing coils of another magnetic polarity, Y ₁ , Y ₂ , Y ₃ , ..., Y _m are m magnetizing coils under another magnetic polarity.

detailed description

The utility model is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the description.

In the utility model, the magnetizing head of each magnetic polarity is composed of m teeth-shaped magnetizing poles with equal central angles, and the central angle occupied by each magnetizing pole is in low harmony with the magnetizing magnetic potential generated by the magnetizing coil on the magnetizing pole Wave proportional relationship, the modulated magnetic charging pole exerts a magnetic field on the permanent magnet powder during the forming process of the permanent magnet rotor, so that the internal magnetic domains of the permanent magnet powder material are regulated and arranged, so that the gas is generated when the permanent magnet rotor is assembled into the motor. The harmonic content of the gap magnetic field is lower. Compared with the traditional and improved magnetizing devices, the magnetizing device prepared by the above method can make the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic field waveform generated by the permanent magnet rotor lower.

As shown in Figure 1, this device is a low-harmonic magnetization embodiment of a two-pole permanent magnet rotor 2, which is mainly composed of an iron core 1 and a magnetization coil 3, and the magnetization coil 3 is connected with a magnetization current to form a permanent magnetization magnetic potential. The magnet rotor 2 is magnetized. The axial length of the iron core 1 is equal to the axial length of the permanent magnet rotor 2 .

As shown in Figure 2, it is a parameter configuration diagram of the low-harmonic magnetizing device for the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention. 2m toothed magnetizing poles are set on the iron core 1, and the center angle occupied by each magnetizing pole is β=π/ m arc radians, the magnetizing coil 3 is composed of Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ , ..., Z _m and Y ₁ , Y ₂ , Y ₃ , ..., Y _m wound around 2m toothed magnetizing poles, and the iron core 1 The yoke wrapped around the outer circumference of the magnetizing pole provides the necessary magnetic field circuit for the magnetizing magnetic field, and is combined with the toothed magnetizing pole as the supporting part of the magnetizing device. A magnetizing head with a magnetic polarity is composed of m magnetizing poles N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , ..., N _m , and the magnetizing coils are respectively wound on the magnetizing poles as Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ , ..., Z _m . The magnetizing current connected to the magnetic coil is I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , ..., I _m ; the magnetizing head of the other magnetic polarity is composed of m magnetizing poles S ₁ , S ₂ , S ₃ , ..., S _m , The magnetizing coils wound on the magnetizing poles are respectively Y ₁ , Y ₂ , Y ₃ , ..., Y _m , and the magnetizing currents connected to the magnetizing coils are I ₁ , I ₂ , I ₃ , ..., I _m .

In the low-harmonic magnetization method and device of the permanent magnet rotor of the utility model, the number of turns of each magnetization coil and the magnetization current of the lead-out line connected with the pulse power supply are all different, so as to generate a modulated charging The magneto-magnetic potential is for the magnetization of the permanent magnet rotor 2 in a low-harmonic manner; among the m magnetization poles under one magnetic polarity, the position angle of the kth magnetization pole is kπ/m arc radians, and the number of turns of the magnetization coil is W _k , the connected magnetizing current is I _k , and the generated magnetizing magnetic potential is F _k =W _k I _k ; the magnetizing magnetic potential generated by the kth and k+1th magnetizing poles satisfy the low harmonic The wave modulation relation is F _k+1 /F _k =W _k+1 I _k+1 /W _k I _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), where k=1 ,2,3,...,m-1; similarly, the m magnetic charging poles of the other magnetic polarity and the magnetic charging poles of the above magnetic polarity are arranged symmetrically with respect to the geometric center line of the magnetic polarity.

In the low-harmonic magnetization method and device of the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, in order to simplify the manufacture of magnetization coils, the number of turns of each magnetization coil can be configured in an equal relationship, that is, W ₁ =W ₂ =...=W _m , In this way, the magnetizing current of the magnetizing coil is configured so that the low harmonic relationship is I _k+1 /I _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1,2,3 ,...,m-1.

In the low-harmonic magnetization method and device of the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention, in order to simplify the power supply structure and cost for providing the magnetization current, the magnetization current of each magnetization coil can be configured in an equal relationship, that is, I ₁ =I ₂ = ...=I _m , so that the number of turns of the magnetizing coil is configured so that the low harmonic relationship is W _k+1 /W _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1 ,2,3,...,m-1.

In the above embodiments, in order to benefit from the adjustable arrangement of the magnetic domains inside the permanent magnet magnetic powder material, the configuration of the magnetizing device should be suitable for the establishment and satisfaction of the modulation relationship between the magnetizing poles and the magnetizing magnetic potential. The teeth-shaped magnetizing poles and magnetizing coils can be used Designed and manufactured as a replaceable structure. In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, the iron core 1 is made of a soft magnetic material with high magnetic permeability, so that the magnetizing magnetic field is in an unsaturated state; in order to benefit from the regulation and control arrangement of the magnetic domains inside the permanent magnet magnetic powder material, each magnetizing pole is put into The gap provided by the magnetizing coil should be as small as possible, and the use of magnetic materials to fill this gap is beneficial to realize the low harmonic effect of the permanent magnet rotor 2 .

Through the low-harmonic magnetization method and device of the permanent magnet rotor of the utility model, it is realized that a modulated magnetization magnetic potential is applied to the permanent magnet magnetic powder during the forming process of the permanent magnet rotor 2, so that the internal magnetic domain of the permanent magnet magnetic powder material is generated. Regulatory arrangement, as shown in Figure 3, is the distribution of magnetic force lines during low harmonic magnetization of the permanent magnet rotor of the present invention. Compared with the traditional and improved magnetizing devices, the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic field wave generated when the permanent magnet rotor 2 is molded and loaded into the motor is lower, as shown in Figure 4, where τ is the permanent magnet rotor 2 polar distance.

The above-mentioned embodiments are low-harmonic magnetization methods and devices for the two-pole permanent magnet rotor 2, but they are also applicable to multi-pole situations.

The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model, such as the present embodiment If the inner rotor structure is changed to an outer rotor structure or a disc structure, etc., all should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. A low-harmonic magnetizing device for a permanent magnet rotor, mainly composed of an iron core and a magnetizing coil, the magnetizing head of each polarity on the iron core is composed of m magnetizing poles, the magnetizing coil on each magnetizing pole and The magnetic yoke wrapped around the outer circumference of the magnetizing pole is composed of; the number of turns of each magnetizing coil and the current of the lead-out line connected to the pulse power supply are different, thereby generating different magnetizing magnetic potentials, which are placed on the magnetizing pole The permanent magnet rotor under the head is magnetized; it is characterized in that the center angle occupied by each of the m magnetized poles under one magnetic polarity is β=π/m arc radians, and the position angle of the kth magnetized pole is kπ/ m arc radians, the number of turns of the magnetizing coil is W _k , the connected magnetizing current is I _k , and the generated magnetizing magnetic potential is F _k = W _k I _k ; the kth and k+1th magnetization poles generate The magnetization potentials satisfy the low harmonic modulation relationship as F _k+1 /F _k ＝W _k+1 I _k+1 /W _k I _k ＝sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin( kπ/m), wherein, k=1, 2, 3,..., m-1; the m magnetic charging poles of the other magnetic polarity and the magnetic charging poles of the above magnetic polarity are arranged symmetrically with respect to the geometric center line of the magnetic polarity. 2. A permanent magnet rotor low-harmonic magnetization device according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of turns of each magnetization coil is arranged in an equal relationship, that is, W ₁ =W ₂ =...=W _m , In this way, the magnetizing current of the magnetizing coil is configured so that the low harmonic relationship is I _k+1 /I _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1,2,3 ,...,m-1. 3. A permanent magnet rotor low-harmonic magnetizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetizing currents of each magnetizing coil are arranged in an equal relationship, that is, I ₁ =I ₂ =...= I _m , so that the number of turns of the magnetizing coil is configured so that the low harmonic relationship is W _k+1 /W _k =sin[(k+1)π/m]/sin(kπ/m), k=1,2,3 ,...,m-1. 4. A permanent magnet rotor low harmonic magnetization device according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial length of the iron core is equal to the axial length of the permanent magnet rotor, and the magnetic poles are embedded in order to The gap provided by the magnetizing coil is filled with magnetic material.