Nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable
Technical field
This utility model relates to the improvement of a kind of medium-pressure power cable, specifically a kind of nano-graphene medium voltage electricity
Cable.
Background technology
Electric conductivity is a big key of balance electric wire quality, and current existing medium-pressure power cable, such as Fig. 2 institute
Showing, it is made up of conductor 1, internal shield 2, insulating barrier 3, external shielding layer 4, copper strip shielding layer 5, lapping layer 6 and external sheath layer 7;
Conductor 1 and the internal shield 2 being coated on the most successively outside conductor 1, insulating barrier 3, external shielding layer 4 form one group of covered wire
Core, is wound around copper strip shielding layer 5 and forms shielding core, lapping layer 6 three group screens are covered core and encase, at lapping layer outside insulated wire cores
External sheath layer 7 is extruded again outside 6.Owing to the above-mentioned construction of cable is unfavorable for that conductor material plays one's part to the full, lean on into the wave of material
Take.Graphene has the excellent characteristic that electric conductivity is extremely strong, be energy gap be the quasiconductor of zero, the movement velocity of electronics can arrive the light velocity
1/300, other metallic conductors remote super or the movement velocity of quasiconductor.Under room temperature, its carrier mobility is the highest, its resistance
Rate about 10-6Ω cm is lower than copper or silver, for the material that resistivity the most in the world is minimum.Have just because of Graphene and lead
The characteristic such as the most excellent, if therefore being applied in cable conductor increasing the electric conduction quantity of same conductor.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of kelvin effect utilizing cable, uses electrostatic coat outside cable conductor
Cover nanographene layer, thus reduce the manufacturing cost of cable, improve the current-carrying capacity of cable, use three-layer co-extruded full-dry method simultaneously
Crosslinking production technology, to reduce the generation rate of water tree, improves the nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable of product quality.
In order to reach object above, this utility model be the technical scheme is that this nano-graphene medium voltage electricity electricity
Cable, including conductor, internal shield, insulating barrier, external shielding layer, copper strip shielding layer, lapping layer and external sheath layer;It is characterized in that:
The outer wall of described conductor is provided with nanographene layer, is coated with inner shield the most successively in the outside of nanographene layer
Layer, insulating barrier and external shielding layer, become one group of insulated wire cores;It is wound around copper strip shielding layer outside insulated wire cores and forms shielding core;Three
Group screen covers the outside of core and is coated with lapping layer, is coated with external sheath layer outside lapping layer.
Described nanographene layer uses Electrostatic Spraying of powder Coatings to be coated on conductor outer wall, and the thickness of nanographene layer is 5
~30 μm.
The manufacture method of this above-mentioned nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable, including wire drawing, strand conductor processed, three-layer co-extruded, copper
Band shielding, stranding and the step of extrusion external sheath layer, it is characterised in that: it comprises the following steps makes:
One, wire drawing: use the copper/aluminum bar meeting GB/T3952 or GB/T3954 standard to be drawn into diameter of phi by prior art
The monofilament of 1.5~Φ 4mm;
Two, twisting conductor processed, multifilament presses on frame winch strand system, obtains stranded conductor, conductor outermost layer saves
Away from for 13~15 times of conductor diameter, secondary outer layer pitch is 17~19 times of conductor diameter, and internal layer pitch is the 19 of conductor diameter
~22 times;
Three, electrostatic coating nanographene layer: use HV generator by graphene powder in compressed air effect
Under be atomized carefully uniform, by high voltage electric field even action be adsorbed in conductive surface;During high tension generator work, will spray
Rifle high pressure is adjusted to 4~50KV can make Graphene good adsorption;Before production, load graphene powder in powder barrel, reach for powder
2/3rds of bucket volume, adjustment boiling air pressure, 0.05~0.08Mpa, adjusts for powder air pressure 0.08~0.12Mpa, makes for powder
Amount is between 80~150g/min;During production, conductor passes spray booth, the distance of podwer gun shower nozzle and conductor should be maintained at 100~
Between 180mm;
Four, full-dry method cross-linking apparatus is used to carry out three-layer co-extruded:
(A), cycling start and production stage:
A (), extruder and die heating, temperature controls as follows: district's temperature of internal shield extruder is 85 DEG C ± 10
DEG C, two district's temperature are 110 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 116 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, flange temperature
Being 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, leading sebific duct temperature is 112 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;The one of insulation extrusion machine
District's temperature is 105 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and two district's temperature are 112 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 116 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 116
DEG C ± 10 DEG C, five district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and six district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and flange temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, leads
Sebific duct temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;One district's temperature of external shielding layer extruder is 78 DEG C ±
10 DEG C, two district's temperature are 88 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, five district's temperature
Being 95 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, flange temperature is 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and leading sebific duct temperature is 95 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10
℃;
Starting extruder to start working, first regulation internal shield extruder speed, makes internal shield first extrude outside conductor
On the nanographene layer of side, after internal shield, insulating barrier and external shielding layer are uniformly extruded, correct head center;
(b), tension adjustment: by lower traction regulation;
C (), closedown lower seal and upper sealing, collapsible tube, start curing tube and be heated to 280~450 DEG C;
D (), until curing tube temperature reaches to vulcanize after initial temperature, starts supply, supply gas pressure is 0.7~1.0Mpa;
E (), length count resets, enter normal production status, start metering when lamp is bright;When qualified cable goes out from lower seal
After Laiing, sample immediately, detection construction of cable size and heat extend, to be tested qualified after, enter normal production status;
(B), parking step:
(a), when produce near at the end of, linear velocity is changed to cut-off velocity from production status, curing tube temperature enters
Curing tube terminates heating-up temperature, and curing tube begins to cool down simultaneously, and when temperature arrives 240~270 DEG C, curing tube cooling enters and stops
State;In the meantime, cable continues sulfuration in curing tube, according to circumstances determines qualified cable position and carries out labelling;
(b), when curing tube temperature is less than after 70 DEG C, the automatic aerofluxus of curing tube;
(c), open telescoping tube and interlock;
(d), the cable with guide line is walked out pipeline, and doing markd qualified cable end piece pick test;
E (), stopping feed, close extruder, separated with extruder by head, and head and screw rod spiral shell thorax are cleared up in time
Totally;
After (f), completely parking, stop the supple of gas or steam;
Five, making copper strip shielding layer, copper strips winding direction is left-hand, and copper strips width is 20mm~50mm, and copper strips is averagely taken
Lid rate is not less than 15%, and minimum puts up rate not less than 5%;
Six, lapping layer stranding is made: cabling mold is more than laying up diameter 0.5mm~2mm, and laying up pitch is laying up diameter
30~50 times;Insulated wire cores should arrange in the direction of the clock;Band overlapping widths should control band width 15~30% it
Between;
Seven, extrusion external sheath layer, external sheath layer is carried out on extruding machine, and extruding machine fuselage bringing-up section is divided into six sections, and first
The operating temperature that Duan Zhi is six sections be respectively 145 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 155 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 155 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 165 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 165
DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 175 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, head flange temperature is 175 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and head temperature is 165 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;Will before extrusion
Oversheath layered material is directly dried not less than 4 hours at a temperature of 70~80 DEG C, and molten state, through 1~2 layer of 40 mesh filter screen filtration, is squeezed
Output 260kg/h, obtains external sheath layer, finally gives nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: utilize the kelvin effect of cable, use electrostatic coating outside cable conductor
Nanographene layer, thus reduce the manufacturing cost of cable, improve the current-carrying capacity of cable, use full-dry method crosslinking technological raw simultaneously
Produce, reduce the generation rate of water tree, improve product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cross-section of cable schematic diagram of this utility model embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the cross-section of cable schematic diagram of prior art.
In figure: 1, conductor;2, internal shield;3, insulating barrier;4, external shielding layer;5, copper strip shielding layer;6, lapping layer;7, outer
Restrictive coating;8, nanographene layer.
Detailed description of the invention
This utility model is made with reference to Fig. 1.This nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable, including conductor 1, internal shield 2, absolutely
Edge layer 3, external shielding layer 4, copper strip shielding layer 5, lapping layer 6 and external sheath layer 7;It is characterized in that: set on the outer wall of described conductor 1
There is nanographene layer 8, be coated with internal shield 2, insulating barrier 3 and outer in the outside of nanographene layer 8 the most successively
Screen layer 4, becomes one group of insulated wire cores;It is wound around copper strip shielding layer 5 outside insulated wire cores and forms shielding core;Three group screens cover core
Outside is coated with lapping layer 6, is coated with external sheath layer 7 outside lapping layer 6.
Described nanographene layer 8 uses Electrostatic Spraying of powder Coatings to be coated on conductor 1 outer wall, the thickness of nanographene layer 2
It is 5~30 μm;The area of section of conductor 1 is 70% 85% of the cross-sectional area of conductor area in the traditional cable that resistance value is identical.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned nano-graphene medium-pressure power cable, including wire drawing, strand conductor processed, three-layer co-extruded, copper strips
Shielding, stranding and the step of extrusion external sheath layer, it is characterised in that: it comprises the following steps makes:
One, wire drawing: use the copper/aluminum bar meeting GB/T3952 or GB/T3954 standard to be drawn into diameter of phi by prior art
The monofilament of 1.5~Φ 4mm, the internal diameter of mould is by the publication in 1987 of prior art China Machine Press, " drawing of second edition in 1994
Silk technology " in, chapter 7 drawing process, Section of six wire drawing join mould, and the formula be given in page 81 is determined, monofilament outlet
Speed is 3~18m/s, double plate automatic takeup, measures from dishful to blank panel long, automatically switches, and peripheral control device includes west gate
Sub-direct current adjusts speed variator, winding displacement controls and lubricates and cooling system.
Two, twist conductor 1 processed, multifilament is pressed on frame winch strand system, obtains stranded conductor 1, conductor 1 when twisting processed
Going out linear velocity is 4.5~60m/min, and pneumatic dish-style controls laying tension, and size is adjustable, tension range 250~3000N, conductor 1
Outermost layer pitch is 13~15 times of conductor 1 diameter, and secondary outer layer pitch is 17~19 times of conductor 1 diameter, and internal layer pitch is for leading
19~22 times of body 1 diameter, conductor 1 outside diameter tolerance is+0.2mm~0mm.
Three, electrostatic coating nanographene layer 8, is atomized carefully uniform by graphene powder under compressed air effect,
By high voltage electric field even action be adsorbed in conductor 1 surface.HV generator is used to produce high voltage electricity, with zero electricity
The workpiece of position produces potential difference, forms the major impetus of powdery paints microgranule absorption.High tension generator input voltage is 220V, warp
The too much time higher-order of oscillation, multiplication of voltage amplifies, and output voltage may be up to 50~100KV, during work, spray gun high pressure is adjusted to 4~
50KV can make Graphene good adsorption (workpiece suspension device answers ground connection good, R≤4 ohm).Before production, load in powder barrel
Graphene powder, reaches 2/3rds of powder barrel volume, and adjustment boiling air pressure, 0.05~0.08Mpa, adjusts for powder air pressure
0.08~0.12Mpa, make for powder amount typically between 80~150g/min, during production, conductor 1 is through spray booth, podwer gun shower nozzle
And it is easy between 100~180mm that the distance of conductor 1 should be maintained at, to select the different diffusers that dusts solid according to different conductor 1
On rifle head, to reach atomization uniformly, speed of production is 1~15 meter per seconds, and the thickness of coated with nano graphene layer 8 is generally 5
~30 μm.When nano-graphene reclaims, spray booth planted agent forms the negative pressure of 0.05~about 0.09Mpa, spray booth opening part air stream
Speed should control in 0.5~0.6m/ second.Graphene in powder barrel is cleaned out during stopping production, prevent microwell plate from blocking.
Four, full-dry method cross-linking apparatus is used to carry out three-layer co-extruded:
(A), cycling start and production stage:
A (), extruder and die heating, temperature controls as follows: district's temperature of internal shield extruder is 85 DEG C ± 10
DEG C, two district's temperature are 110 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 116 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, flange temperature
Being 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, leading sebific duct temperature is 112 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;The one of insulation extrusion machine
District's temperature is 105 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and two district's temperature are 112 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 116 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 116
DEG C ± 10 DEG C, five district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and six district's temperature are 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and flange temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, leads
Sebific duct temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10 DEG C;One district's temperature of external shielding layer extruder is 78 DEG C ±
10 DEG C, two district's temperature are 88 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and three district's temperature are 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and four district's temperature are 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, five district's temperature
Being 95 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, flange temperature is 96 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and leading sebific duct temperature is 95 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and mold temperature is 118 DEG C ± 10
℃;
Start button, extruder is started working, and first regulates internal shield extruder speed, makes internal shield 2 first extrude
On nanographene layer 8 outside conductor 1, after internal shield 2, insulating barrier 3 and external shielding layer 4 are uniformly extruded, then regulate
Extruder rotating speed, and correct head center.
(b), tension adjustment: by lower traction regulation, when outstanding control device pointer is positioned at zero-bit or swings little, tension force is described
Mix up.
C (), closedown lower seal and upper sealing, collapsible tube, (if without cycling start cable, cable to be produced is walked out down close
It is honored as a queen, turns off lower seal), start curing tube and be heated to 280~450 DEG C.
D (), until curing tube temperature reaches to vulcanize after initial temperature, starts supply, supply gas pressure is 0.7~1.0Mpa.
(e), start button, length count resets, enter normal production status, when lamp is bright, start metering.When qualified cable
From lower seal out after, sample immediately, detection construction of cable size and heat extend, to be tested qualified after, enter normally produce shape
State.
(B), parking step:
(a), when produce near at the end of, linear velocity is changed to cut-off velocity from production status, curing tube temperature enters
Curing tube terminates heating-up temperature, and curing tube begins to cool down simultaneously, and when temperature arrives 240~270 DEG C, curing tube cooling enters and stops
State.In the meantime, cable continues sulfuration in curing tube, according to circumstances determines qualified cable position and carries out labelling.
(b), when curing tube temperature is less than after 70 DEG C, and the automatic aerofluxus of curing tube, overpressure reduces to " 0 ".
(c), open telescoping tube and interlock.
(d), the cable with guide line is walked out pipeline, and doing markd qualified cable end piece pick test.
E (), stopping feed, close extruder, separated with extruder by head, and head and screw rod spiral shell thorax are cleared up in time
Totally.
After (f), completely parking, stop the supple of gas or steam.
Five, making copper strip shielding layer 5, copper strips winding direction is left-hand, and copper strips width is 20mm~50mm, and copper strips is averagely taken
Lid rate is not less than 15%, and minimum puts up rate not less than 5%.
Six, lapping layer 6 stranding is made: cabling mold is more than laying up diameter 0.5mm~2mm, and laying up pitch is 30~50 times
Laying up diameter;Insulated wire cores should arrange in the direction of the clock;Overlapping (gap) width of band should control at the 15 of band width
~between 30%.
Seven, extrusion external sheath layer 7, external sheath layer 7 is carried out on extruding machine, and extruding machine fuselage bringing-up section is divided into six sections, the
The operating temperature of one section to the 6th section is respectively 145 DEG C, 155 DEG C, 155 DEG C, 165 DEG C, 165 DEG C, 175 DEG C, head flange temperature
Being 175 DEG C, head temperature is 165 DEG C, above-mentioned each temperature deviation 10 DEG C.By oversheath layered material directly 70~80 DEG C of temperature before extrusion
Degree is lower to be dried not less than 4 hours, and molten state, through 1~2 layer of 40 mesh filter screen filtration, drives motor speed 1000rpm, extrusion capacity
260kg/h, obtains external sheath layer 7, the nominal value that the average thickness of external sheath layer 7 specifies not less than GB/T12706 standard, the thinnest
Dot thickness is not less than the 80% of nominal value.
This utility model is by utilizing the high conductivity of kelvin effect and nano-graphene, in the outer electrostatic coating nanometer of conductor
Graphene layer, cable conductor cross section can reduce 15~30%, and current-carrying capacity can improve 5%, greatly reduces production cost, improves biography
Lead performance, and cable weight alleviates, it is easy to install, use full-dry method crosslinking technological to produce simultaneously, reduce the generation of water tree
Rate, improves product quality.