CN205801540U - Aircraft carrier-based aircraft potential energy ejecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

nullThe utility model discloses aircraft carrier-based aircraft potential energy ejecting device，It includes the main frame part that steel is configured to、Potential energy is hammered into shape、Load-bearing central shaft、Potential energy hammer arc track，Crank rod assembly、Electric gear position locking device、Recoil Billiard apparatus、Two-way dragline is taken turns、Counter weight arc track、Promote steel framework、Counter weight、Counter weight guide wheel、Two-way guide wheel、Automatically position locking device、Electronic puffer、Movable telescopic bar、Built-in movable cable wire、Spring buffer air-cushion device、Launch go-cart and increase journey speedup motion bar structure，Described potential energy is hammered into shape one end and is movably connected with main frame part by load-bearing central shaft、The other end is movably connected with bent axle head rod one end，Bent axle head rod is connected with bar one end in bent axle，In bent axle, bar is connected with bent axle foot piece one end，Bent axle foot piece one end is connected with movable telescopic bar，This utility model can make aircraft carrier-based aircraft make warship machine self obtain maximum inertia potential energy in short distance，Thus improve aircraft carrier-based aircraft power take-off，Shorten distance of taking off.

Description

Aircraft carrier-based aircraft potential energy ejecting device

Technical field

This utility model relates to ejector, especially relates to the ejector that on aircraft carrier, carrier-borne aircraft uses.

Background technology

It is known that the large-scale military equipment platform of the aircraft carrier beautiful property of each military power that is the world today, and carrier-borne The ejector of machine then becomes aircraft carrier and performs heavy duty amount, high frequency time, long-range operation, heavy warship machine must be equipped with from warship of training Standby.

The U.S. is that aircraft carrier uses ejector the earliest and has the country of ejector most species in the world, and (France " wears height Happy " number aircraft carrier steam catapult that uses is still and is subscribed to this patented technology from the U.S. and equips) it experienced by a generation Discipline carrys out long-term research and development, particularly contends for hegemony through the world of the U.S. and Russia in mid-term in last century, when the aircraft carrier that long-term cold war brings is built prosperous Phase and the beginning of this century " eaglet " level are powered by conventional energy the most retired, the arrival in nuclear aircraft carrier epoch.It on many aircraft carriers not only Have powerful steam catapult group, the most also develop great-power electromagnetic ejector and be equipped in nuclear 100,000 tons On level ultra-large type " Ford " number aircraft carrier.And other country is such as: Russia, India, Italy, Spain, Brazil, Argentina, Thailand Common ski-jump take-off mode, (Britain can only be used owing to lacking this kind of technical equipment on " Liaoning " number aircraft carrier of state and China " sparrow hawk formula " warship machine VTOL of high oil consumption is then used on aircraft carrier) as a example by " Liaoning " number: only let it be, and bow uses 12 ° of tiltings Angle, the lift-off under normal weather conditions of the light-dutyest warship machine, but under bad climate and slightly larger wind conditions to from Warship warship machine, (its deadweight is 15 types of particularly destroying China this kind of heavy duty amount warship machine: 17.5 tons, overwork bullet, after fully loaded oil plant amount Reaching 33 tons, cruising radius is: 1000 kilometers) for, short-range flying-off deck on aircraft carrier.Under the takeoff condition of heavy duty amount still Make it be fully loaded with use to be severely restricted.

More owing to lacking special warship machine from warship system, a warship group of planes is different rising on limited deck, shape in fall operation Becoming intersection contradiction, the machine number of taking in is restricted, and fighting efficiency maximizes and is difficult to play.Analytical estimating according to military specialists: adopt With with do not use warship machine ejection mode aircraft carrier whole battle usefulness on there are about four times of big gaps.Therefore this become China's boat A great defect in female whole battle performance and short slab, also become in China's military research field simultaneously one urgent the most urgently Key subjects to be solved.

Launching aircraft carrier warship machine, no matter use which kind of mode, which kind of structure is achieved, the ultimate principle that they launch With purpose to be reached be all highly consistent both: by huge explosive power source in moment, short-range release, to warship Machine is implemented continuously external force and is driven, and promotes warship machine obtain the inertia potential energy of maximum at short notice and utilize this external force Auxiliary and the power of self electromotor, rapidly and the lift-off of safety from warship purpose.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model there is provided a kind of aircraft carrier-based aircraft potential energy ejecting device, and it includes what steel was configured to Main frame part, potential energy hammer, load-bearing central shaft, potential energy hammer arc track, crank rod assembly, electric gear position locking device, recoil Billiard apparatus, two-way dragline wheel, counter weight arc track, promote steel framework, circulation hoist machine, counter weight, counter weight guide wheel, double To guide wheel, automatic position locking device, electronic puffer, movable telescopic bar, built-in movable cable wire, spring buffer air-cushion device, launch and push away Car and increase journey speedup motion bar structure, described potential energy hammer into shape one end be movably connected by load-bearing central shaft and main frame part, another End is movably connected with the bent axle head rod one end on crank rod assembly, and the bent axle head rod other end is lived with the roller of bar one end in bent axle Dynamic connected, in bent axle, bar other end roller is movably connected with bent axle foot piece one end, bent axle foot piece one end and movable telescopic bar one End is connected, and roller is arranged on potential energy hammer arc track, and two-way dragline wheel is arranged on lifting steel framework top, is promoting steel Being provided with circulation hoist machine bottom framework, connecting between two-way dragline wheel and circulation hoist machine has two-way guide wheel, counter weight arc Shape track is connected across on two-way dragline wheel, circulation hoist machine and two-way guide wheel, and counter weight guide wheel is arranged in counter weight, counter weight Counter weight arc track moves；Described increasing journey speedup motion bar structure, by installing movable telescopic bar in bent axle foot piece additional, is being lived Being provided with the built-in movable cable wire for drawing telescopic action in dynamic expansion link, built-in movable cable wire is made up of one whole cable wire, The bottom buffer spring activity cutting ferrule that built-in movable cable wire two ends lie in movable telescopic bar is connected with movable telescopic bar, built-in work Overlap with two and be in operation in the middle of running wire can drive that movable telescopic bar advances overlapping to transduce cable pulley and Pin down cable wire and be connected, be provided with manual capstan winch in the leading section of movable telescopic bar, manual capstan winch is by living to buffer spring Dynamic cutting ferrule is in operation the extension elongation controlling to adjust movable telescopic bar of length, and the telescopic end activity of built-in movable cable wire is arranged In the loose slot of interior bar both sides.

The present invention is arranged on appropriate location in type aircraft carrier deck, and its concrete structure is: the radius garden main body that it is configured to by steel The internally installed potential energy hammer 2 that can produce huge potential energy vector in running of frame member 1.Potential energy hammer run in led control with Load-bearing central shaft 3 and bearing combination.Potential energy hammer arc track 4 for potential energy hammer tenesmus operation.Tenesmus process is hammered into shape for potential energy The vertical potential energy vector of middle generation is changed into horizontal direction and transmits the crank rod assembly 5 of this strength.For opening and locking Close the electric gear position locking device 6 of potential energy hammer running status.When potential energy hammer tenesmus operation will put in place, buffered process produces Its impulsive force backspace will be made potential energy hammer through recoil to potential energy hammer again after being discharged completely by the potential energy that recoil strength makes potential energy hammer into shape After be backwards to beneficially to promote its optimal high-order recoil Billiard apparatus 7.For potential energy hammer through recoil Billiard apparatus recoil inversion after from Dynamic by energising bit switch, stretch out tongue and rapidly potential energy hammer is automatically locked at the automatic position locking device 15 of a high position.

Install and again it is promoted after potential energy hammer tenesmus operation two-way dragline wheel 8 (upper wheel) to be launched.Counter weight Arc track 9, promotes steel framework 10, circulation hoist machine 11, counter weight 12, counter weight guide wheel 13, two-way guide wheel 14 (lower whorl) Etc. lift portion.

Installing for increasing journey on crank rod, the movable telescopic bar cable wire of accelerating function reclaims electronic puffer 16.Movable Expansion link 23 pins down ground rope.The built-in movable cable wire 18 being arranged in interior bar 37, cable wire guide wheel 28, stroke adjustment and jacking machine structure Deng.

Movable cable wire is made up of one whole cable wire, and built-in movable cable wire two ends lie in the bottom of movable telescopic bar and with buffering Spring activity cutting ferrule 24 is connected with movable telescopic bar, overlaps and is in operation can carry with two in the middle of built-in movable cable wire The overlap that dynamic movable telescopic bar advances pins down cable wire 17 to transduction cable pulley 25 be connected, in the leading section of movable telescopic bar with landing Being provided with manual capstan winch 26, which is provided with manual capstan winch and check hole 29, manual capstan winch is by existing to buffer spring activity cutting ferrule 24 The extension elongation controlling adjustment movable telescopic bar of length in operation, the telescopic end of built-in movable cable wire 18 is movably arranged on interior bar In the loose slot 27 of both sides, the block wing plate 38 that movable telescopic bar one end is arranged, described main frame part 1 and lifting steel framework 10 Between be provided with crossbeam 37.

Install for launching the spring buffer air-cushion device 19 that can effectively slow down in operation the collision of warship machine.For launching work In industry with warship machine, closely cooperate implement warship machine launched operation launch go-cart 20 and launch on locomotive shelves flame plate, it is to avoid Launch go-cart rubber tyre by the interim flue gas bend upward of warship machine engine nozzle high-temperature flue gas scaling loss.For at ordinary times to potential energy Security guardrail 21 and the potential energy hammer weight packet increase and decrease essence of hammer component operational maintenance join driving 22 etc., after debugging each installing component By test run.

Running of the present invention is:

After receiving instruction before operation, warship machine to be penetrated slowly is poured into the relevant position launching go-cart by region to be flown, and launches and pushes away Car links closely warship machine privileged sites, and (its release catch linking closely warship machine is treated depending on feelings development) pilot starts electromotor and carries out standard of taking off Standby, after clearance display lamp lights after everything is ready, power is adjusted to peak load, it is electronic that operator opens below potential energy hammer Gear position locking device, potential energy hammer drops rapidly under control leading of other end central shaft along the arc of radius garden, along with the process of its tenesmus The most descending from its close-connected each point crank rod and from the most different angle of line translation and their ejection travel, by gesture The huge inertia potential energy that in tenesmus, weight acceleration produces can be hammered into shape and be directly translated into the inertia potential energy promoting warship machine to burn the wind, and Having and push away speed than lift-off much higher the launching of initial velocity, rapidly safety smooth from warship, potential energy ejecting device operation is the most automatic Complete.

When potential energy hammer is descending will reach home time, it contacts with recoil Billiard apparatus and the impact of its potential energy surplus is discharged into On recoil Billiard apparatus spring assembly, after spring assembly apparatus with shock absorbing, spring is tightened up, drive crank rod at potential energy hammer, launch Warship machine is launched after warship by locomotive, and the elastic force tightened up is fed back to again potential energy hammer by recoil Billiard apparatus, forces potential energy hammer disposably to be taken Each crank rod and launch go-cart and position in a high position.So, not only win time and efficiency that potential energy hammer promotes again, and Also avoid potential energy hammer behind disposable location and take, leading of central shaft, the pendulum repeatedly that crank rod system produces under control after weightlessness Effect, the lifting playback for potential energy hammer is again launched operation and is created condition.

It to penetrate operation the most again the simplest；Its cable wire that promotes is hung on the lifting suspension ring of counter weight, opens Opening circulation hoist machine, counter weight is downward, and potential energy is hammered into shape upwards, and it is at counter weight own wt (about 15 tons) and hoist engine is (about: 20 Ton) downward pulling force double drive under rise rapidly playback, electric gear hyoplastron auto-extending, by after its lock-bit, takes cable wire Hook, can be rapidly performed by again launching operation below cut out after it is regained by liter autonavigator tongue electric switch, at volume While machine of raising promotes potential energy hammer playback, warship machine to be launched will carry out the every preparation in location to be penetrated.

Feature of the present invention is mainly reflected in four aspects:

(1) the huge potential energy that this (the most about about 22m, weight about 25 tons) the weight acceleration that comes from nowhere produces loses Amount directly acts on the ejection propulsion of warship machine, and strength produced by it will be very strong and huge.This is the efficient of warship machine, low Cost, automatically launch operation complete lay a good foundation.

(2) by this powerful power instantaneous, warship machine mesh body in short distance, is made to obtain maximum its acting of inertia potential energy Stroke just seems particularly significant (in ejection process, the longest effect of its forcing stroke is the best) structure in potential energy ejecting mode In its central shaft height the highest, the longest stroke propelled of radius increases, and the proportionate relationship between them is: 1: 2 times； The brachium of potential energy hammer is: 20m × 2=40m, 25m × 2=50m ....But its actually used height in warship mother's practice It is limited for reasons of each side.It addition, how to ensure that its stroke launches its resistance of later stage of operation at warship machine Plus the Powered Propulsion of self electromotor after reduction, the speed of existing ejection travel is unable to catch up with this U.S.'s mesh of self speed of warship machine Before either run drawback aspect this programme present in steam or electromagnetic launch and develop increase activity on crank rod and stretch The method of contracting bar solves the difficult problem that this is thorny.It can increase between journey 2-20m in existing fixed journey system length, and another Fairly obvious change is exactly its accelerating function: its stroke in launching in operation, rear period introversion axostylus axostyle often advances 1m is outer and its overlapping advance 1m on the basis of this advance 1m therewith, it is assumed that its crank rod regular length is 44m, launches The operation used time is 4.5 seconds, and convert it is at the uniform velocity the 9.7m second, but is still 4.5 seconds by its used time after increasing journey 10m, conversion It at the uniform velocity will reach the 12m second, increase journey to after 16m, its total kilometres that launch are 60m, it finally push away speed for the 18m second with On, by increasing journey, speedup formed first quick and back slow after the most universal breaking out force of its ejection machine reason U.S. after processing, change Becoming the slowest rear fast, ejection travel chases the process that warship machine exerts a force.

(3) upper and lower circulation combination quickly the carrying potential energy hammer of common Quick-type circulation hoist machine and counter weight is utilized Rising playback is a kind of method that pony quickly draws a hand-cart after disperse weight: supposing that potential energy hammers weight into shape is 25 tons, and counter weight weight is 15 tons, the tensile load of hoist engine be 20 tons both: it is easy that counter weight is promoted upper framework by the hoist engine pulling force of 20 tons.And Add that potential energy is hammered into shape fast lifting playback and just become by the deadweight of counter weight 15 tons with the pulling force of 20 tons of hoist engine when being promoted by potential energy hammer It is a reality.This hoist engine cycle operation another one benefit is utilized to be: the tenesmus operation of potential energy hammer is upper with counter weight Liter preparation work is the most dry due to two cover systems scratches, and this operation to be penetrated of lifting again just hammered into shape for potential energy creates bar Part.Its initial stage application target is: suppose in actual applications to be constituted an ejection system at 30 sorties with three ejectors Warship machine launches strives in ripple time that the time whole safe ejection with 13-15 minute, from warship, will reach this target except ejector This body structure efficient and rational outside, a warship group of planes is launched elaborately planned, the science commander in terms of warship, the coordination ability, pilot To launch environment and the familiarity of each operation, fast reaction and precise positioning ability all will treat mutually break-in in following practice, Sum up, improve.

(4) the warship machine of various Different Weight levels launch from warship be one to ejector range of application test, potential energy ejecting Device uses potential energy hammer basis part to add group Different Weight block and combines, and it is stayed in big pouring weight and bullet on stand-by frame by the not used time Essence on emitter framework is joined the little pouring weight in driving and is jointly completed its smart counterweight amount, and the configuration of its smart counterweight amount is tried by land Determine after testing a test of many times.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that potential energy of the present invention hammers initial operating state main TV structure schematic diagram into shape,

Fig. 2 is that potential energy of the present invention hammers intermediate state of operation main TV structure schematic diagram into shape,

Fig. 3 is that potential energy of the present invention hammers terminal running state main TV structure schematic diagram into shape,

Fig. 4 is I-I structure enlarged diagram in Fig. 8,

Fig. 5 is the D-D sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is craft capstan winch cross-sectional configuration schematic diagram of the present invention,

Fig. 7 is that potential energy of the present invention hammers terminal running state plan structure schematic diagram into shape,

Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the present invention increases journey speedup motion bar,

Fig. 9 is the A-A sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 8.

In the drawings, 1, main frame part, 2 potential energy hammers, 3, load-bearing central shaft, 4, potential energy hammer arc track, 5, crank rod group Bar 5c in fit 5a, bent axle head rod 5b, bent axle, bent axle foot piece 6, electric gear position locking device, 7, recoil Billiard apparatus, 8, two-way Dragline wheel, 9, counter weight arc track 10, promote steel framework 11, circulation hoist machine 12, counter weight 13, counter weight guide wheel 14, two-way guide wheel 15, automatic position locking device 16, electronic puffer 17, landing pins down cable wire 18, built-in movable cable wire 19, bullet Spring buffering pneumatic cushion device 20, launch go-cart 21, security guardrail 22, potential energy hammer weight packet increase and decrease essence join driving 23, movable Expansion link 24, buffer spring activity cutting ferrule 25, overlap are to transduction cable pulley 26, manual capstan winch 27, loose slot 28, movable pulley 29, manual capstan winch check hole 30, regulation cable wire 31, capstan winch card iron block 32, body 33, cone 34, buffer spring 35, Heelpiece steel plate 36, support bar 37, crossbeam 38, block wing plate.

Detailed description of the invention

Structure in terms of operating four of potential energy ejecting device structure, operation is introduced us and can substantially be recognized that it is not Carry out the concrete manifestation in actual motion.Potential energy ejecting device structure includes in main frame part 1 that steel is configured to, potential energy hammer 2, load-bearing Mandrel 3, potential energy hammer arc track 4, crank rod assembly 5 (it includes bar 5b and curved bar foot piece 5c in bent axle head rod 5a, bent axle), Electric gear position locking device 6, recoil Billiard apparatus 7, two-way dragline wheel 8, counter weight arc track 9, lifting steel framework 10, circulation volume Raise machine 11, counter weight 12, counter weight guide wheel 13, two-way guide wheel 14, automatic position locking device 15, electronic puffer 16, movable telescopic bar 23, built-in movable cable wire 18, spring buffer air-cushion device 19, launch go-cart 20 and increase journey speedup motion bar structure, described potential energy Hammer one end is movably connected by load-bearing central shaft and main frame part, bent axle head rod one end on the other end and crank rod assembly Being movably connected, the bent axle head rod other end is movably connected with bar one end roller in bent axle, and in bent axle, bar other end roller is with bent Axle foot piece one end is movably connected, and bent axle foot piece one end is connected with movable telescopic bar 23 one end, and roller is arranged on potential energy hammer curved track On road, counter weight arc track is connected with support bar 36, and two-way dragline wheel is arranged on lifting steel framework top, is promoting steel Being provided with circulation hoist machine bottom framework, connecting between two-way dragline wheel and circulation hoist machine has two-way guide wheel 14, counter weight Arc track is connected across on two-way dragline wheel, circulation hoist machine and two-way guide wheel, and counter weight guide wheel 13 is arranged in counter weight, joins Weight moves on counter weight arc track；Described increasing journey speedup motion bar structure is installed additional movable telescopic by bent axle foot piece 5C Bar, is provided with the built-in movable cable wire 18 for drawing telescopic action in movable telescopic bar, and built-in movable cable wire is by one whole Cable wire forms, and built-in movable cable wire two ends lie in the bottom of movable telescopic bar and with buffer spring activity cutting ferrule 24 and movable telescopic Bar is connected, overlap with two and be in operation in the middle of built-in movable cable wire movable telescopic bar can be driven to advance overlapping right Transduction cable pulley 25 and land and pin down cable wire 17 and be connected, is provided with craft capstan winch 26, it sets in the leading section of movable telescopic bar Manual capstan winch is had to check hole 29, the manual capstan winch control adjustment activity by length that buffer spring activity cutting ferrule 24 is in operation The extension elongation of expansion link, the telescopic end of built-in movable cable wire 18 is movably arranged in the loose slot 27 of interior bar both sides, and activity is stretched The block wing plate 38 that contracting bar one end is arranged, is provided with crossbeam 37 between described main frame part 1 and lifting steel framework 10.

Increasing journey speedup movable telescopic bar structure of the present invention illustrates:

Increase journey speedup motion bar structure and installed additional movable telescopic bar 23, in activity by the bent axle foot piece on crank rod assembly Being provided with the built-in movable cable wire 18 with traction telescopic action in expansion link, built-in movable cable wire is made up of one whole cable wire, Its two ends lie in the bottom buffer spring activity cutting ferrule 24 of movable telescopic bar and are connected with movable telescopic bar, middle and two weights Stack and the overlap driving movable telescopic bar to advance that is in operation pins down cable wire 17 to transduction cable pulley 25 be connected with landing Form one due to travel position change, the linkage body that its stroke changes therewith.It is provided with in the leading section of movable telescopic bar Manual capstan winch 26, its effect is to reach effective adjustment activity by the control of the length that is in operation buffer spring activity cable clamp The purpose of the extension elongation (stroke) of expansion link, the telescopic end of built-in movable cable wire 18 is movably arranged on the loose slot of interior bar both sides In 27, the movable pulley 28 in bent axle foot piece can reduce the telescoping friction resistance of movable telescopic bar.

Before operation, capstan winch regulates the length of required regulation cable wire 30 by hand, and checking lands pins down the fixed bit of cable wire Put (be positioned at bar and launch stretching out a little in operation) due to when launching operation every time its bar (stroke) be fixed position, when When in operation, potential energy hammer drives crank rod to promote warship machine to proceed to the intermediary and later stages, landing in interior bar pins down the reserved regulation of cable wire 17 The built-in movable rope 18 of length clamping to the end in bent axle foot piece 5C, under overlap is to the surging pressure on top surface of transduction cable pulley 25 therewith to Inner side is shunk, and drive movable telescopic bar stretches out, bar advance 1m in being formed, and transduction wheel is pushed up pressure activity rope to contract by overlap 1m, drives movable telescopic bar overlap advance 1m, reaches to increase the purpose of journey speedup.

Increasing journey, the operating speed of speedup bar quite fast, the potential energy produced that self is in operation is the biggest, for ensureing it Safety travel, develop easy buffer spring activity cable clamp set 24, its structure is by body 32 part, identical upper of two panels Little lower big cone 33, regulation cable wire 30, buffer spring 34, and the heelpiece steel plate 35 fixing it form, and bottom pad plate is with interior The electric welding of bar mat foundation is welded into one, when, after regulation cable wire 30 stress, the moving phase same cone of two panels hugs stroke adjustment steel Rope 30, draws tighter and tighter, and the clockwise direction at it then can extract to coordinate the regulation of stroke easily out.Its manual capstan winch 26 cable wire The regulation of length and can be carried out inside movable telescopic bar by the adjustment disk outside it, after regulating suitable length, will strand Stuck some position on capstan winch spine dish of dish card iron block 31.

The present invention is from this ejection mode of physics's angle analysis: its generation of potential energy vector and the weight of object and The height of pendant is directly proportional, and the iron hammer that it is sufficiently analogous in our daily life is nailed, and iron hammer weight is the biggest, firmly mentions Position is the highest, and the stress being applied on nail is the biggest, otherwise the least.To aircraft carrier actual launch in application this by and Lower generation vertical potential energy vector is difficult to meet above-mentioned condition because of the restriction in space and height condition, answers for createing to launch in operation The abundant potential energy that possesses is it is also contemplated that practical situations such as aircraft carrier self structure process and determine the needs of data, and this programme is in gesture The height (central shaft) that can hammer into shape is defined as about 22m, and its vertical height minimum spends 16m, for brainstrust according to actual feelings Condition is determined again.

With big to the impact by forming following structural aspect during the tenesmus acting of potential energy hammer, they are respectively Being (1) potential energy hammer tenesmus process changes into central shaft during arc lands it is led control effect by vertically landing.(2) tenesmus The time of process arching trajectory formation and the multiplication of stroke.(3) connecting of crank rod cares for impact to produce in its operation. (4) weight produced in progradation and the resistance of friction formation are launched from warship machine.(5) in the tenesmus of potential energy hammer, windward side is formed Air drag etc..Although potential energy ejecting device structure is simple, but there are above-mentioned many aspects in actual application process Resistance factor, cannot be provided with computing formula and operation method targetedly with existing physics theory, but by ejection machine The spy of reason is ground still can be as the reference in design with the corresponding estimated value that draws in simulation test.Research shows: at above-mentioned elevation Potential energy (kinetic energy) vector produced during its each standard weights ton tenesmus lower is equivalent to the pact of horizontal thrust under same condition: About 1.5 times.That is: under above-mentioned elevation, in the tenesmus of 1 ton of weight, potential energy produced by it quite promotes level 1.5 times of lower equivalent weight.In view of launch to as if structure on land tire, frictional resistance relatively reduce with it from The thrust of body electromotor, therefore, its actual bullet thrust will not be less than above-mentioned valuation.

As a example by the 15 type warship machines of destroying of 33 tons of loading capacity launch: its potential energy hammer weight is about 25 tons.(conservative weight is 28 tons, its sizing weight will be as the criterion with test field engineering basic test data).

The present invention drops operation time, speed, stroke:

In physics, the weight of object by its initial velocity during high falling is: the 9.8m second, within second second, is: The 19.6m second, within the 3rd second, it is: the 29.4m second ... ....Before the weight acceleration equivalence of object, its position of falling is the highest, Weight is the biggest, and the potential energy vector of formation will be the biggest.Object in free fall under 22m elevation its at the uniform velocity used time be about: 2.25 Second, but the actual application of potential energy ejecting is affected by several structural drags, particularly its tenesmus is because vertically changing into arc Shape fall after it descending track extend one times, therefore its operation used time also will extend one times, reach about: the 4.5-4.7 second left side Right (in actual job, slightly postpone to be normal phenomenon due to resistance factor but time delay is long, then explanation potential energy hammer own wt Formed is short of power, process of need to increasing weight), as needed higher speed in this operation process, then can increase journey by activity and increase Speed bar and fixed crankshaft composition of proportions regulate it be actually needed to constitute configuration (its work the most reasonably launching operation Dynamic increasing journey speedup bar ratio in the structure of stroke is the longest, and regulation effect is the biggest).

Steam ejection be use on U.S.'s aircraft carrier with a long history and at present still in widely used one, with its C-13-1 As a example by type: its steam ejection stroke is 76.3m, by taking off, position, playback, hydraulic pressure, prestressing, lubricate, seven young systems such as control System combines.Thered is provided high temperature and high pressure steam power by high-pressure boiler, gas-storage cylinder deposit steam, its structure the hugest but also Sufficiently complex, its separate unit weight reaches 538 tons, takies 1100 cubic metres, aircraft carrier inner space, often launches a sortie and just consumes steaming Send out the 20% of amount owing to using boiler to provide its storage vapour of power, produce subsidiary engine number volume weight, wherein for the material of fire resistant heat preserving Material just weighs tens tons.Because the use process that in excessively complicated each operation, a difficult problem is come with U.S. army's seventy years always, according to Data shows: its an opening U-type groove and piston metal gasket sealing problem have just troubled and solved the most reluctantly decades, exist so far Still need in using frequently change.

For providing the saturated amount of launching in actual combat, it is equipped with 3-4 platform ejector to form one on many aircraft carriers Individual intensive ejection system.And the normal operation coordinated to maintain it that every ejector needs 40-50 people to be engaged between each work post, Owing to boiler can not stop working, the fuel oil deposit carried by ship year in year out not only ties up big quantity space, becomes huge after a large amount of consumption Volume cost.The noncombatant huge and corpulent for each post of ejection system account for 1/5th of its full warship authorized personnel to 1/6th, the US military that this order is had wealth and speak louder than others also tries to consider its technology replacement problem.Within 2013, US military is to state Can propose new appropriation budget, plan special fund is for the technological transformation of existing steam ejection, and plans to pass through technological transformation After steam ejection is used to the year two thousand fifty.Steam ejection mode will take leave of the history of its a century when the time comes.

October 23 in 2013 compared with this time-honored steam ejection of use seventy years " big, old, thick " image Taking 28 years search times day, it is big that 3,200,000,000 U.S. dollar huge funds developments are equipped on tons ultra-large type nuclear power " Ford " No. ten Power electromagnet ejector surely belongs to " high, big, on " the fashionable project in world's military affairs sciemtifec and technical sphere.

Electromagnetic launch, according to electromagnetic induction principle, uses ultra-large type to force energy-storage system (super high power capacitor) straight-line electric Machine actuation techniques, launches the high-tech complication systems such as Control Technique of Microcomputer and constitutes.Its gross weight is 280 tons, volume 425 cubes Rice, about steam ejection weight and 1/2nd of volume.It often launches the sortie time is about 3 seconds, but on-peak electric energy merit Rate really up to hundred megawatts.And be to prepare next sortie to launch and operation disposably need to supplement energy storage just reach 6350 kilowatts.Thus may be used See that it is the hugest to the consumption of electric energy.Electromagnetic launch is useful to demand difficulty in existing aircraft carrier powered by conventional energy of huge electric energy The ground of force.The superpower electromagnetic field produced in electromagnetic launch operation in addition all of electromagnetic equipment female to warship machine and warship is the quickest Sense, be highly prone to dry around, for strengthening the shielding work to electromagnetism, although use increasingly complex magnetic stripe tile to process, but due to Hatch frame, its electromagnetic exposure is still a difficult problem the most thorny, and vast capacity forces charging device in such short wink Frequently transship charging, the circuit high temperature caused after electric discharge and fatigue of materials will form great potential safety hazard equally.

China also walks in the prostatitis in the world in the research and development of electromagnetic launch technology, teaches with naval engineering university Ma Weimin Numerous technical barriers has been captured in the seminar's hard struggle being main, and the electromagnetic launch establishing the second in the world bar test meaning runs Road, the warship machine field of launching of starting of not yet shaping for China contribute to technological reserve.Electromagnetic launch launches as a kind of advanced person's Mode is worth spy to be ground, but it to the great demand feature of electric energy to such an extent as to China be not appropriate for present stage at the early-stage particularly Dark blue aircraft carrier reality under using the first generation powered by conventional energy.And China is the most for years to the development work of steam ejection, but it Progress " is only shown in that stair ring, lose people and get off " and is not obtained important breakthrough temporarily according to the restriction passing experience technical bottleneck, and perhaps this be exactly The reality that China warship mother field of launching is faced.

The Energy Mix of three kinds of ejection modes and Structure Comparison

Hold bow when playing catapult or bow and arrow when that we being little on the other hand, on the other hand the rubber band wrapping naked Ballet Shop firmly opened, One bullet of loosing one's grip is gone out by impelling, and the power that rubber band is applied by we is the biggest, and the range of bullet is the most remote, is that what reason is produced Give birth to and this launched phenomenon？During this is because we firmly open rubber band, rubber band energy storage deform, one loose one's grip after bullet quilt The result of release after impelling energy storage just, the catapult the best without the process of storing up of this power or bow and arrow are impossible to automatically Eject Ballet Shop or " arrow bunch ".Thus we may safely draw the conclusion: storing up and discharging of energy is to launch the base that mechanism is formed Essentiality.Launch its principle and the purpose to be reached compared with slight catapult toy of modern warship machine are all consistent, and institute is not Be that this " catapult " launched is the weight carrier-borne aircraft that reaches tens tons, and the energy stored up when launching very strong and Huge.(thus we can associate powered by conventional energy under be difficult to use the reason of electromagnetic launch).

As a example by steam ejector: its power resources are added by the burning of boiler in fuel (naval vessel typically uses fuel oil) Hot fresh water (naval vessel typically uses artificial desalination water) is processed into high temperature, and the steam of high pressure, Steam Actuation piston movement are real to warship machine Executing and launch, this is that a kind of typical chemical energy is converted to the mode that kinetic energy stores up and discharges.

Electromagnetic launch is storing up of a kind of energy equally, the process converting and discharging, (super by obsessional type's electric energy storage system Bulk capacitor) utilize the driving of the linear electric motors of electromagnetic induction principle to discharge at the electric flux that 40 seconds of short duration inner accumulated are huge Energy completes to launch operation.

The potential energy ejecting mode of this programme carries out such a process equally: with pulling force and the counter weight of Quick-type hoist engine Own wt tenesmus process potential energy hammer was risen to certain altitude with 50 seconds after, the tenesmus of about the 4.5 seconds acting of potential energy hammer Time completes storing up of 50 seconds energy and reaches warship machine launch the purpose from warship with discharging.

The either chemical energy conversion of steam ejection, the electric energy electromagnetic energy conversion in electromagnetic launch, or in potential energy ejecting Power and mechanical energy conversion, foothold be highly important both: aircraft carrier execution task is closed away from land at this In container, it all, the most any goods and materials, equipment, oil plant all need to carry with ship, the therefore height of its energy conversion rate Low just seem particularly important.

Again as a example by steam launches: fresh water is changed into high temperature, high pressure gas by chemical energy by the burning of boiler by steam During its general efficiency be: 75-80%, this is because will produce in combustion substantial amounts of heat content high-temperature flue gas and The heat width of its material of contact is penetrated and conducts and produce the motion loss of radiation processes and all kinds of plant equipment, pot by high-temperature body Water filling under stove high-voltage operation state supplements, the transport pump of fuel passage, the process of flue gas sulfur-bearing, a large amount of systems regenerating desalination water Take none not realizations based on mass energy consumes such as (typically using unconcerned method regeneration).

The application foundation of electromagnetic launch is the supply of scale electric energy, in powered by conventional energy it power produce be mainly used in right The propelling aspect on naval vessel, as application just need to set up new electric energy output by force, Qi Zhongfa, defeated, confession, becomes the supporting huge of each system And complexity will equal to a marine factory, these substantial amounts of facilities, equipment and the fuel oil deposit depended on for existence will tie up preciousness The warship generating space, and the operating of the facility of complexity, equipment forms numerous work post demands, the anti-mistake of substantial increase of noncombatant Form again the relevant all kinds of living facilities of logistics support, a large amount of supply deposits of equipment material flow and consume, finally bringing dynamic Falling sharply of reactive power consumption that power is bigger and overall combat effectiveness.Aircraft carrier modernizes naval warfare total system as one, and carrier-borne Machine is its Branch Tasks from naval vessel, and it is excessive on the impact of aircraft carrier total system, and this consumption ratio of the energy is too much, non-war Bucket personnel set up the hugest usefulness necessarily affecting other real combat system constitute on must unexpectedly warship machine from warship A simply link in the female numerous system of warship.

Before potential energy ejecting device is not invented, American steam ejection rules all the land, and it spent for 28 years, cost The electromagnetic launch of 3200000000 huge fund research and development loses weight reducing, and degree complicated on the contrary equals to engineering of landing on the moon, and its highly energy-consuming degree is especially Making common people be taken aback, it is that people bring bigger mysticism to this field simultaneously, it is believed that: aircraft carrier warship machine is launched and has only Steam, two kinds of approach of electromagnetism.The most this huge energy resource consumption just seems the most normal, it should be understood that: this " normally " Really premised on sacrificing warship mother's overall combat effectiveness.

We from diagram can very clear, recognize the operation principle of this ejection mode clearly, its effect with Feature.Its principle common, the simple degree of structure is likely to make us querying its effect, but as long as by patient and painstaking point Analysis, you can find its essence place: at low cost, it is achieved efficiently, the launching on more substantially any in operation of automatization The most defeated in above two mode.Such as also will be significantly better than above two ejection mode in quality launching.

Due to simple in construction but practical, the most easy to manufacture, with low cost, simple to operate, easy to maintenance, with steam, electricity Compare its gross weight of magnetic ejection mode is: about 110 tons (wherein potential energy hammer is 25 tons, metal frame 45 tons, hoist engine 10 Ton, each bent axle combines 5 tons, counter weight 15 tons, other parts about 10 tons) be steam launch 1/5th, the five of electromagnetic launch / bis-, 1/10th of all kinds of staff establishments, a thirtieth of electromagnetic launch energy expenditure (mend by U.S.'s electromagnetic launch Rechargeable energy calculates: the capacity motors 170 kilowatts such as 6350 kilowatts of ÷ hoist engines) introduce electromagnetic launch utilization rate also higher than according to data 8 times of steam ejection.Therefore launch with steam and cannot compare especially in terms of the consumption to the energy.In taking aircraft carrier space right Ratio: steam is 1100 cubic metres, and electromagnetism is 425 cubic metres, and potential energy is: below deck about 40 cubic metres, more than deck regards reality Structure Calculation.

Owing to using common electricity, voltage, it does not has special requirement to electric energy, structurally except a circulation hoist Machine, does not consume kilowatt-hour, a fresh water when not promoting, launch in operation process the most again without the damage of other energy at potential energy hammer Consumption, owing to power consumption is few, conventional electricity consumption, but no longer consume substantial amounts of fuel oil like that to above two ejection mode, therefore can save Saving substantial amounts of oil storage space and save with the hundred million huge operating costs being calculated as unit, particularly simple structure just can reach low Purpose is efficiently launched under cost.Therefore its manufacturing cost may only have one of percentage of above two ejection mode, initial stage The ten thousand of foundation engineering research expenditure/, it still had with above-mentioned two ejection mode on the preparation off time penetrated the most again Small difference, steam is owing to being it penetrate the most again on critical gap theory and be of the steam that is ready in advance in gas-storage cylinder: 35 seconds, electromagnetism Quick charge gap is: 45 seconds, and potential energy could need to be penetrated after potential energy hammer is promoted playback the most again, needs to use in its 22m elevation Shi Yuewei: 50 seconds, both vertical velocity was the 0.44m second.But this small difference has no effect on its whole quality, this Being because when launching a sortie warship machine, another must stay in the safety zone of side, only after this sortie launches Could again carry out launching operation after the warship machine launched slowly pours ejection seat into, the activity duration of this location of falling machine be the fastest Also more than one minute, because being the operation that cooperates of different inter processes, ejector activity duration gap is fast, to adding again Fast carrier-borne aircraft launches does not has practical function.

Launch in transaction capabilities contrast, as mentioned above at three kinds of different structures: the kinetic energy of steam and electromagnetism be all to explode The release process of formula, their initial bullets speed all reaches surprising 6g, and along with warship machine is advanced by acting, steam dynamics die-offs as 2g, Electromagnetism reduces to 3g, and they total trend are first quick and back slow.This operating type first quick and back slow easily produces the excess to warship machine Colliding and damage warship machine, (France warship machine pilot just has the sense of discomfort particularly produced the unexpected overload of pilot to health The example fallen into the sea of fainting because overload generation is uncomfortable in ejection process is reported) and push away U.S. F16 warship after speed falls sharply in the later stage Machine pilot the most often chats about and talks the sensation of this roller-coaster: after fierce collision overload, and the speed that pushes away of steam might as well be sent out by warship machine self Motivation is come soon.Thin analyse this early stage kinetic energy excess, the method for operation that later stage kinetic energy is not enough this is because initial time warship machine be in Static state, when its landing wheel fast scroll after the collision to it, resistance reduces therewith, adds self thrust of electromotor, and now Above two energy ejection mode when explosion type discharge after, kinetic energy moment falls sharply, cause the stroke in its later stage be slower than warship machine from The speed of body, therefore the stroke in later stage is long more also launches progradation without substantial.

Potential energy ejecting is just contrary with the above-mentioned method of operation, and this is formed by following reason: when potential energy hammer tenesmus time it Potential energy huge kinetic energy is had not yet been formed, the weight of warship machine and frictional resistance when touching the warship machine of static state, particularly it Ejection propulsion buffer spring and the air cushion of joint portion when launching go-cart before contact warship machine absorbs a part of energy and just passes to Warship machine, the potential energy huge to the intermediary and later stages is formed, and warship machine is by the minimizing of static state to rear resistance, and spring buffer fills The complex elastic force put, particularly movable increases journey, the participation of speedup expansion link, often enters on the basis of 1m again before its fixed crankshaft bar Overlapping advance 1m, therefore forms running from slow to fast, and this mode is advantageous to " man-machine " has one to bullet The adaptation process penetrated, therefore, launching that warship machine preferably goes up to the air rapidly in mechanism is actually needed, the operation to ejector itself Safety is a positive factor equally, to accomplish that this point is the rareest in the present case.

According to data introduction: in U.S.'s steam catapult operation, the averagely every secondary of its major accident rate is 305 time-of-weeks, pen Person analyzes very possible has close relationship with this structure method of operation first quick and back slow.

The development maked rapid progress along with modern military science and technology, the functional diversities of aircraft carrier warship machine configuration becomes a kind of Developing Tendency Gesture.In China warship mother overhead alert 200, empty alert 2000 and unmanned plane upper, will become following a kind of new " normality " from warship, this is Warship machine launches the application in field and provides bigger opportunity and space with development, completes the difficulty of task, no by increasing it simultaneously Generic aircraft weight, structure varies.Electromagnetic launch is owing to using Control Technique of Microcomputer to Different Weight rank not Can accomplish accurately to regulate from warship force aspect with warship machine.Its controlled ratio of steam ejection is: 1: 6 both its range of accommodation pass through Steam flow valve obtains the controllable adjustment of 6 levels time.As above-mentioned: the potential energy hammer of potential energy ejecting device is by basis part with some groups not With weight block burst or overlapping composition, its weight proportion determines related data in test site after repeatedly launching, does not participates in The pouring weight of operation is reserved on frame to be penetrated and stands ready, and only needs the movable button of rapid and basic part even after obtaining alteration command Connect, take out gim peg can carry out launching operation, the used time about: 10 seconds, its controlled range ratio was: about 1: 12 (both: ensure it Rate of precision control in the range of ± 100kg level).First scheme is after completing three set ejection systems, Different Weight level Warship machine take their own roads when warship, the most dry around.In the operation launching Different Weight level, electromagnetic launch has advantage undoubtedly. But the controllable adjustment aspect of the ejection mode of three kinds of different structures of Synthetical Analysis, except launching the force size adjustment in operation Outward, their ejection travel plays regulation effect equally, and steam, the stroke of electromagnetism are all fixing, and potential energy ejecting really can be adjusted It is original that what joint Different Weight level was taken off launches effect.It can be rapidly performed by regulation, to adapt to not with the needs of difference increasing journey With launch object from warship needs.Its potential energy hammer vertical height bottom line is 16m, pushes away in speed as single-stage is increased journey launching What expansion link produced pushes away speed also needs higher requirement, also this principle can be used to set up as twin-stage on the basis of single-stage increases journey bar overlapping Increasing journey Telescopic rod structure, make its final fltting speed that launches reach between the 24-26m/ second, launching the activity duration foreshortens to 3- 3.5 seconds, in order to fully meet any type warship machine and rise appearance condition its relevant parts of needs such as: the release catch of the warship machine that links closely, use In the control cable wire that lands reserve fake device etc. optionally after develop the most separately.

Claims (1)

1. aircraft carrier-based aircraft potential energy ejecting device, is characterized in that: it includes main frame part (1), the potential energy hammer that steel is configured to (2), load-bearing central shaft (3), potential energy hammer arc track (4), crank rod assembly (5), electric gear position locking device (6), recoil bullet into shape Power device (7), two-way dragline wheel (8), counter weight arc track (9), lifting steel framework (10), circulation hoist machine (11), counterweight Hammer (12), counter weight guide wheel (13), two-way guide wheel (14), automatic position locking device (15), electronic puffer (16), movable telescopic bar (23), built-in movable cable wire (18), spring buffer air-cushion device (19), go-cart (20) and increasing journey speedup motion bar structure are launched, Described potential energy hammer into shape one end be movably connected by load-bearing central shaft and main frame part, the other end and the bent axle on crank rod assembly Head rod one end is movably connected, and the bent axle head rod other end is movably connected with bar one end roller in bent axle, and in bent axle, the bar other end is used Roller is movably connected with bent axle foot piece one end, and bent axle foot piece one end is connected with movable telescopic bar (23) one end, and roller is arranged on gesture Can hammer into shape on arc track, two-way dragline wheel is arranged on lifting steel framework top, is provided with circulation promoting bottom steel framework Hoist engine, connects between two-way dragline wheel and circulation hoist machine and has two-way guide wheel (14), and counter weight arc track is connected across double On guide cable pulley, circulation hoist machine and two-way guide wheel, counter weight guide wheel (13) is arranged in counter weight, and counter weight is at counter weight arc Shape moving on rails；Described increasing journey speedup motion bar structure is by installing movable telescopic bar (23) additional in bent axle foot piece (5C), in activity Being provided with the built-in movable cable wire (18) for drawing telescopic action in expansion link, built-in movable cable wire is by one whole cable wire group Becoming, built-in movable cable wire two ends lie in the bottom of movable telescopic bar and by buffer spring activity cutting ferrule (24) and movable telescopic bar phase Even, overlap with two and be in operation in the middle of built-in movable cable wire movable telescopic bar can be driven to advance overlapping to transduction Cable pulley (25) pins down cable wire (17) be connected with landing, and is provided with manual capstan winch (26) in the leading section of movable telescopic bar, manual Capstan winch controls to adjust the extension elongation of movable telescopic bar, built-in activity by the length that is in operation buffer spring active card set The telescopic end of cable wire is movably arranged in the loose slot (27) of interior bar both sides.