CN205792122U - A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electromagnetic force off-load being applied to vertical shaft type rotor generator group and lifting-proof machine system, including the multiple displacement transducers below the armature being fixed on the first architectural polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment, generating set main shaft, the multiple regulation and control electric magnet being fixed in the second civil construction, armature and the multiple pressure transducers below thrust bearing, wherein polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment and regulation and control electric magnet are by iron yoke, iron core and coil composition.This utility model provides a kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device, bi-directional electromagnetic power can be produced, contribute to solving positive and negative axial load excessive, and the bearing fault that imbalance hydraulic thrust causes, to improving the service condition of unit, prevent from being raised on unit positive role.

Description

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device

Technical field

This utility model relates to vertical shaft generator group field, particularly relates to a kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electricity Magnetic magnetic relieving and lifting-proof machine device.

Background technology

In China's power generation, hydroelectric generation is still in occupation of critical role, and hydropower development project remains the new energy of China The emphasis of source development.Turbine-generator units related to this designs, produces and run is water power research worker and engineering The core content of personnel's research.Turbine-generator units can be with the nucleus equipment of electric energy conversion as water, and the quality of its performance is directly It is related to unit or even can whole power station be run normally.Along with the hydroelectric fast development of China, the rule in power station Mould is increasing, and unit capacity and size increase further, and rotating speed and the strength of materials improve the most accordingly so that operating condition is day by day Complexity, the safety and stablization operation to unit proposes requirements at the higher level.

Turbine-generator units is as the nucleus equipment in power station, and functional, failure rate is low, length in service life are that water wheels are sent out Group of motors realizes the basic demand of safe operation.In China, turbine-generator units usually uses vertical shaft type structure.Vertical water turbine is sent out The rotor-support-foundation system of group of motors mainly includes the parts such as generator amature, rotary wheel of water turbine and main shaft.The axial load of rotor-support-foundation system Load carrier must be had to undertake, and thrust bearing is the important supporting of vertical hydropower generator, carries whole turbine-generator units The gravity of rotatable parts and axial hydraulic thrust, and keep the steady in a long-term of unit rotating shaft.Due to turbine-generator units single-machine capacity Step up so that the axial load of unit rotor system increases day by day, thrust bearing under long-term heavy service state, It occur frequently that oil film punctures, and then cause bearing shell frictional heating, the problem such as even burn.In recent years, during domestic each big power station Faulty generation, once there is the catastrophe failures such as the higher even scaling loss of bearing bush temperature in the unit such as Ge Zhou Ba, Du Hebai mountain, the Wujiang River.

As can be seen here, the axial load of rotor-support-foundation system decides thrust bearing service condition, and this sub-load is mainly by turning The gravity of subsystem and axial hydraulic thrust two parts composition.Generally, the direction of axial hydraulic thrust and the weight of rotor-support-foundation system Force direction is identical, referred to as forward hydraulic thrust.But, in some cases (as when load rejection), it occur frequently that negative sense (to On) hydraulic thrust, as numerical value is greater than the gravity of unit rotor system, it will make to lift certain altitude on unit rotating part, this is existing Machine is lifted as the referred to as hydraulic turbine.The machine of lifting is one of fault the most serious during turbine-generator units runs, and can cause leaf destruction, survey Speed probe fracture and runner plate clash and cause the problem such as tiling gross distortion of thrust bearing.

Positively and negatively the operation of thrust bearing or even unit all can be brought the most tired by hydraulic thrust and uneven hydraulic thrust Disturb.Along with power station scale is increasing, unit develops towards high water head, high parameter and jumbo direction, and operating condition will Becoming increasingly complex, the load-bearing problem of unit can more highlight and severe, and the single load bearing manner of tradition can not meet and day by day increases The axial load load-bearing demand added, devises vertical shaft type turbine-generator units polycycle electromagnetic force off-load for this this utility model With lifting-proof machine device, contribute to solving positive and negative axial load excessive, and the bearing fault that uneven hydraulic thrust causes, to improving machine The service condition of group, prevents from being raised on unit positive role.

Utility model content

In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, this utility model provides a kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force Off-load and lifting-proof machine device, can produce bi-directional electromagnetic power, contribute to solving positive and negative axial load excessive, and uneven hydraulic thrust is led The bearing fault caused, to improving the service condition of unit, prevents from being raised on unit positive role, for reaching this purpose, this practicality Novel offer one vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device, subtract including polycycle electromagnetic force Carrying structure, lifting-proof machine structure, the first fixture and the second fixture, described polycycle electromagnetic force load-relieving structure includes electromagnetism Ferrum, dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination and fixing device, the upper surface of the electric magnet upper yoke of described electric magnet and the end face phase of the first fixture Even, described electric magnet includes electric magnet upper yoke, excitation coil of electromagnet and electric magnet inner iron core, and described electric magnet is round Cylindricality, the rotating shaft of vertical shaft generator group, inside cylindrical electromagnet core, has between described rotating shaft and electric magnet upper yoke Air gap between main shaft and iron yoke, has electric magnet inner iron core below described electric magnet upper yoke, have in described electric magnet inner iron core to Few 3 cannelures, described excitation coil of electromagnet is arranged in cannelure, outside described electric magnet upper yoke and electric magnet inner iron core Wall is watered into insulating barrier by epoxy, has the armature dynamic unshakable in one's determination of collar plate shape of the same area, described electric magnet below described electric magnet And there are the air gap of iron yoke and armature residual gap, described dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination to be sleeved on by the fixing device of annular and turn between dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination On axle, described lifting-proof machine structure includes regulating and controlling electric magnet, displacement transducer, control processor and pressure transducer, described regulation and control Electric magnet is angularly evenly arranged in the lower section of dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination, has displacement to pass between described regulation and control electric magnet and dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination Sensor, described regulation and control electric magnet is fixed on the second fixture, has thrust bearing, described thrust bearing and master below described main shaft Having pressure transducer between axle lower surface, described control processor passes through connecting line and displacement transducer and pressure transducer phase Even.

Further improvement of the utility model, described vertical shaft generator group is water turbine vertical shaft-type generators group, this practicality Novel it is primarily adapted for use in hydraulic generating equipment.

Further improvement of the utility model, the fixture of described first fixture and the second fixture be civil construction or Fixed support, this utility model fixture can be civil construction or fixed support.

Further improvement of the utility model, described dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination is the armature dynamic unshakable in one's determination of the outer thin collar plate shape of interior thickness, Because armature stress is relatively big, passes to main shaft by contact surface, make the oblique effect playing reinforcing.

Further improvement of the utility model, the electromagnetic force of described electric magnet uses adjustable, uses regulatable magnetic force, can root The electromagnetic force of generation is regulated by the size of regulation exciting current according to the size of axial hydraulic thrust.

Further improvement of the utility model, described regulation and control electric magnet uses single ring architecture, this utility model regulation and control electromagnetism Ferrum mainly uses single ring architecture.

This utility model one vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device, work as excitation coil When passing to DC current, polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment can produce electromagnetic attraction to armature, to armature one power upwards, by Being connected with main shaft in armature, electromagnetic force upwards passes to main shaft by armature, thus can offset major part axial load, reduces The power being applied on thrust bearing, thus improve thrust bearing running status under heavy loading, decreases because of downward axial Excessive the caused thrust bearing fault of load, as oil film punctures, thrust bearing shoe valve deforms, mechanical aging etc..Utilize displacement to pass simultaneously Armature displacement and thrust bearing pressure are detected by sensor and pressure transducer, when load rejection or axial load subtract When arriving less than the 30% of rotating part gravity less, off-load electric magnet power-off, regulation and control electric magnet energising, attract armature, and give armature One downward power, and pass to main shaft, make the load being applied on thrust bearing maintain about 30% all the time, unit can be prevented Lift on rotating part.

The effect of this device is to provide power upwards with polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment, can change according to axial load Situation dynamically adjusts electromagnetic load reduction power, and this electromagnetic load reduction power passes to main shaft by armature, can offset the gravity of rotation system, subtract Shaoshi is added in the axial load on hydraulic generator set thrust bearing, is used for solving that hydrogenerator axial load is excessive to be caused The problems such as oil film punctures, mechanical aging；Regulation and control electric magnet provides downward electromagnetic force, offsets unit and occurs during removal of load Upwards hydraulic thrust, be used for solving to lift on rotating part the motor rotor part caused and damage and clash into the mechanical failure etc. caused Problem.Regulation and control electric magnet can ensure that unit rotating part balances simultaneously, solves unit imbalance under dynamic thrust effect and asks Topic.Jointly act on by polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment and regulation and control electric magnet hydro-turbo generator set rotary part is carried out magnetic Power off-load and lifting-proof machine effect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that this patent vertical shaft type turbine-generator units polycycle electromagnetic force off-load is illustrated with lifting-proof machine apparatus structure Figure.

Fig. 2 is that schematic diagram arranged by this patent displacement transducer.

Fig. 3 is that this patent vertical shaft type turbine-generator units polycycle electromagnetic force off-load controls handling principle with lifting-proof machine Figure.

Fig. 4 is the magnetic flux distribution figure of this patent six ring structure electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment.

Illustrate；

1, the air gap between main shaft and iron yoke；2, electric magnet upper yoke；3, excitation coil of electromagnet；4, iron yoke and armature residual gap Air gap；5, dynamic armature unshakable in one's determination；6, electric magnet inner iron core；7, insulating barrier；8, the first fixture；9, main shaft；10, regulation and control electric magnet； 11, displacement transducer；12, the second fixture；13, processor is controlled；14, thrust bearing；15, pressure transducer；16, fixing dress Put.

Detailed description of the invention

With detailed description of the invention, this utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

This utility model provides a kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device, can produce Bi-directional electromagnetic power, contributes to solving positive and negative axial load excessive, and the bearing fault that uneven hydraulic thrust causes, to improving unit Service condition, prevent from being raised on unit positive role.

This utility model one hydroelectric generating set rotor part polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and lifting-proof machine device, including Electric magnet upper yoke 2, excitation coil of electromagnet 3, dynamic armature 5 unshakable in one's determination, electric magnet inner iron core 6, the first building of fixing upper yoke Building or support, regulation and control electric magnet 10, displacement transducer 11, the second civil construction of fixing regulation and control electric magnet, control processor 13, the fixing device 16 of pressure transducer 15 and armature and main shaft 9.Wherein electric magnet upper yoke 2 be fixed on civil construction or On fixed support, main shaft 9 is placed in inside cylindrical electromagnet core, and there is certain air gap centre, and off-load electric magnet uses multi-ring Structure, is placed on organizing Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection cavity electromagnetic core between in more, and waters into insulating barrier 7 with epoxy, its underlying phase With outer thin collar plate shape armature thick in area, being fixed on main shaft 9, armature can be fixed on by fixing devices 16 such as bolts On spindle of hydroelectric generator set 9.After energising, polycycle electromagnetic force load-shedding equipment produces suction upwards to armature, when armature with When main shaft rotates, main shaft obtains pulling force upwards.Whole unloading system is as shown in Figure 1.

This utility model regulation and control electric magnet 10 is evenly arranged in the lower section of armature 5, as in figure 2 it is shown, armature arranged beneath position Displacement sensor 11 detects the change of armature displacement, and thrust bearing 14 is arranged the change of pressure transducer 15 rotating part axial load Change, after regulation and control electric magnet energising, armature can be produced downward suction, by controlling the processor 13 place to sensing data Reason, the exciting current of regulation regulation and control electric magnet, make main shaft obtain downward electromagnetic force, prevent from lifting on rotating part.Whole anti-lift Machine system is as shown in figures 1 and 3.

This utility model Application Example is as follows:

As a example by the support pattern of China's Ankang Hydropower station rotor-support-foundation system, it uses thrust bearing, normal thrust total load For 1600t, hydraulic turbine model is HL-220-LT-550, major axis diameter 1.9m, runner diameter 5.5m, rated speed 107.1r/ Min, average water head 76.2m, in order to make unit keep stable operation, this device its axial thrust total load of only off-load 50%～ 85%.Its electromagnetic load reduction power is analyzed as a example by six ring structures, setting slot number total length L=1.7m radially, the excitation of applying Electric current I=2A, coil total number of turns N=5000, set armature and iron yoke thickness h₁=h₂=0.24m, stationary window height h₂= 0.2m, air gap thickness is 0.005m, if each wiring groove width is all 0.085m mutually, each facewidth is 0.170m, the most all teeth Area be 13.832m².As shown in Figure 4, obtain magnetic flux density at mean operating air gap is magnetic flux distribution at air gap 0.999T, electromagnetic force is 8.398 × 10⁶N, can off-load normal thrust total load 54%.Under the same terms, electric current is adjusted to 4A, electromagnetic force is increased to 1.303 × 10⁷N, can off-load normal thrust total load 83%, thus can obtain polycycle electromagnetic force Load-shedding equipment can significantly alleviate hydroelectric generating set rotor part and the hydraulic thrust axial compressive force to thrust bearing, and leads to Overregulate the exciting current reply dynamic situation of change of axial load.

Lifting-proof machine is analyzed still as a example by hydraulic turbine HL220-LJ-550, chooses 6 collar plate shape DC electromagnets, this disk electricity The central axis of Magnet is with r_cFor on the circular path of radius, it is evenly distributed on the lower section of armature, particular location such as Fig. 2 institute Show, wherein R_a=d₄/ 2 is armature radius.The electromagnetic force that each regulation and control electric magnet provides is about 0～20kN.

SetFor regulation and control air gap, choose 3mm herein；d_c1For annular diameters 30cm；d_c2For outer shroud interior diameter 50cm；d_c3 For outer shroud interior diameter 60cm；h_c1For iron yoke height 4cm；h_c2For coil window height 6cm.By Ampere circuit law, air-gap flux Density is:

$B=\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_{0}NI}{2{\mathrm{\δ}}_{x_0}}---\left(1\right);$

When being obtained static state by Maxwell formula, this electromagnet suction is；

$F=\frac{{\mathrm{\μ}}_0{S}_0{N}^2{I}^2}{8{\mathrm{\δ}}_{x_0}^2}---\left(2\right);$

Wherein S₀For air-gap field area.Assume to apply magnetomotive force NI=4000 number of ampere turns to solenoid, (1) formula obtain B=0.63T, can obtain F by formula (2)_ET,i≈ 22kN, i=1,2 ..., 6, meet regulation and control demand.

In conjunction with the design object (i.e. about the 80% of the total axial load of off-load) of load-shedding equipment, in order to ensure stablizing of unit Property with adapt to different heads and the change of operating mode, need the actual carrying capacity of thrust bearing is monitored.Choose 6 pressure to pass Sensor is arranged on thrust bearing, and the concrete installation site of each sensor is corresponding with regulation and control electric magnet, simultaneously at electromagnetism Installation position, the center displacement sensor of ferrum is used for detecting armature stressing conditions, the most as shown in Figure 2.

Regulation and control electric magnet plays and prevents from lifting on unit effect, need to change according to the pressure on thrust bearing, choose biased electrical Stream, to reach to lift on preventing (or off-load) effect, according to armature displacement signal, detection thrust bearing by force unbalance degree, Its control principle as it is shown on figure 3, wherein D/A be digital-to-analog conversion, A/D is analog/digital conversion.Control principle is: biasing Current value is depending on pressure change and the state of device work, and as prevented lifting or off-load, pressure signal and displacement signal pass Being passed to controller, according to the Rule of judgment set and control algolithm, controller determines value and the control of output bias current I (P) Electric current i_cSize.If armature is in equilbrium positionTime, by uneven water slug, occur that disturbance makes armature deviate balance position Put (as it is shown on figure 3, set offset displacement as δ_x) time, this utility model device makes armature return to equilbrium position, can be to regulation and control electromagnetism Ferrum device adds one and controls electric current i_cThe magnetic field intensity that magnet exciting coil 2 is produced strengthens, the magnetic field intensity that magnet exciting coil 1 produces Weakening, so that armature returns to equilbrium position under the effect of electromagnetic force, specific works process is as follows: displacement transducer and pressure Sensor detects after this offset signal through displacement and pressure signal change-over circuit, obtains displacement by controller inclined after being processed Confidence number, controller processes through certain control algolithm and obtains controlled quentity controlled variable, then controlled quentity controlled variable flowed to power amplifier, by Power amplifier DM realizes the control to armature equilbrium position.

As a example by Ankang Hydropower station hydraulic turbine HL220-LJ-550, from off-load target, thrust bearing only needs to undertake On the thrust bearing that the axial total load of 20%, i.e. pressure transducer are surveyed, gross pressure is aboutIn works such as removal of loads Under condition, rotating part is easily lifted, if the gross pressure on the thrust bearing of pressure transducer survey Time, then bias current I (P)=0, wherein P_iFor the pressure sensor readings that i displacement transducer is corresponding；If

$I\left(P\right)=\sqrt{\frac{8{\mathrm{\δ}}_{x_0}^2(0.2G-\underset{i=1}{\overset{6}{\Σ}}{P}_i)}{6{\mathrm{\μ}}_0{S}_0{N}^2}}---\left(3\right);$

The axial load being imparted on thrust bearing is consistently greater than equal to 0.2G, prevent rotating part on lift.Right In the power station that the machine phenomenon of lifting more takes place frequently, when removal of load, owing to the shut-in time of unit stator is limited, axially upwardly power meeting It is increased dramatically, if F '_WDuring ＞ G, rotor-support-foundation system can be lifted, nowTherefore can be previously applied downward electromagnetic force to prevent Lifting on Zhi, the size of power is rule of thumb given, and is 15mm as assumed the most serious machine of the lifting accident that Ankang Hydropower station once occurred, meter Calculation can obtain F_W≈ 8749kN, thenWherein F_ET,iIt is the electromagnetic force of i-th electric magnet, bias current It is set as；

$I\left(P\right)=\sqrt{\frac{8{\mathrm{\δ}}_{x_0}^2\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{6}{\Σ}}{F}_{ET,i}\right)}{6{\mathrm{\μ}}_0{S}_0{N}^2}}---\left(4\right)$

I.e. unit prepares removal of load when, regulation and control electric magnet is applied above-mentioned bias current, then by number pressure According to on-line monitoring, carry out subsequent adjustment.

The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, is not that this utility model is made any other The restriction of form, and any amendment made according to technical spirit of the present utility model or equivalent variations, still fall within this practicality new Type scope required for protection.

Claims (6)

1. vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load and a lifting-proof machine device, including polycycle electromagnetic force off-load Structure, lifting-proof machine structure, the first fixture (8) and the second fixture (12), it is characterised in that: described polycycle electromagnetic force subtracts Carry structure and include electric magnet, dynamic unshakable in one's determination armature (5) and fixing device (16), the electric magnet upper yoke (2) of described electric magnet upper The end face of end face and the first fixture (8) is connected, and described electric magnet includes electric magnet upper yoke (2), excitation coil of electromagnet (3) With electric magnet inner iron core (6), described electric magnet is the most cylindrical, and the rotating shaft (9) of vertical shaft generator group is at cylindrical electromagnetism Ferrum core interior, has the air gap (1) between main shaft and iron yoke, described electric magnet between described rotating shaft (9) and electric magnet upper yoke (2) There is electric magnet inner iron core (6) upper yoke (2) lower section, has at least 3 cannelures, described electromagnetism in described electric magnet inner iron core (6) Ferrum magnet exciting coil (3) is arranged in cannelure, and described electric magnet upper yoke (2) and electric magnet inner iron core (6) outer wall are watered by epoxy Filling into insulating barrier (7), have the armature (5) dynamic unshakable in one's determination of collar plate shape of the same area below described electric magnet, described electric magnet is with dynamic The air gap (4) of iron yoke and armature residual gap, the described dynamic armature (5) the unshakable in one's determination fixing device by annular is had between armature (5) unshakable in one's determination (16) being sleeved in rotating shaft (9), described lifting-proof machine structure includes regulating and controlling that electric magnet (10), displacement transducer (11), control process Device (13) and pressure transducer (15), described regulation and control electric magnet (10) is angularly evenly arranged in the lower section of dynamic armature (5) unshakable in one's determination, Having displacement transducer (11) between described regulation and control electric magnet (10) and dynamic armature (5) unshakable in one's determination, described regulation and control electric magnet (10) is fixed On the second fixture (12), described main shaft (9) lower section has under thrust bearing (14), described thrust bearing (14) and main shaft (9) Having pressure transducer (15) between end face, described control processor (13) is passed with displacement transducer (11) and pressure by connecting line Sensor (15) is connected.

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load the most according to claim 1 and lifting-proof machine device, its It is characterised by: described vertical shaft generator group is water turbine vertical shaft-type generators group.

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load the most according to claim 1 and lifting-proof machine device, its It is characterised by: the fixture of described first fixture (8) and the second fixture (12) is civil construction or fixed support.

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load the most according to claim 1 and lifting-proof machine device, its It is characterised by: described dynamic armature (5) unshakable in one's determination is the armature (5) dynamic unshakable in one's determination of the outer thin collar plate shape of interior thickness.

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load the most according to claim 1 and lifting-proof machine device, its It is characterised by: the electromagnetic force of described electric magnet uses adjustable.

A kind of vertical shaft generator group polycycle electromagnetic force off-load the most according to claim 1 and lifting-proof machine device, its It is characterised by: described regulation and control electric magnet (10) uses single ring architecture.