CN205715617U - Gearshift and variator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of gearshift and variator, described gearshift includes gear shifting rocking arm, first end of described gear shifting rocking arm is provided with the adsorption element that solenoid can adsorb, second end relative with described first end is used for connecting selector fork, and the position between the two ends of described gear shifting rocking arm is arranged in rotating shaft and can be around described axis of rotation；Described gearshift is additionally included under electrical condition for adsorbing described adsorption element so that described gear shifting rocking arm rotates thus the solenoid that drives described selector fork to move.The gearshift of this utility model offer and variator, gearshift simple in construction therein, maintenance conditions is convenient, takes up room little, and is not affected by temperature or oil temperature, to good environmental adaptability, relative to current gearshift advantage of lower cost.

Description

Gearshift and variator

Technical field

This utility model relates to technical field of vehicle, particularly to a kind of gearshift and variator.

Background technology

In prior art, common gearshift mainly has automatically controlled electric-liquid type, electropneumatic and electric controlling and engine driving three Kind.

One, in automatically controlled electric-liquid type gearshift, hydraulic system controls solenoid directional control valve according to the instruction of ECU, makes to hold Row mechanism completes the work such as gear selecting, gear shift automatically, ensure that in the process gear shift without impact, be swift in motion and Power does not interrupts.But, automatically controlled electric-liquid type gearshift has the drawback that (1), in order to set up oil pressure, needs special oil pump With reservoir pressure device, cause engine power to be lost, and improve cost；(2) Hydraulic Elements required precision is higher, and then improves Manufacturing cost, and after oil sources is contaminated, easily causes valve body blocking, additionally use maintenance requirement also the strictest；(3) hydraulic pressure control Liquefaction road is complicated, and manufacture difficulty is big, and structure is complicated, breaks down and is difficult to check and get rid of, detection and maintenance difficult.

Two, electropneumatic gearshift is also that the instruction according to ECU controls electromagnetic valve, completes gear selecting, changes Shelves work, due to gas have compressibility, to perform speed slow and control accuracy is low, is used primarily in the special car with pneumatic supply On.Electric controlling and engine driving shift control system typically uses control driven by motor worm and gear to carry out gear shift, and it is in price, quality There is certain advantage.But the air compressor machine that electropneumatic gearshift needs, valve member, air pipe line etc. can take bigger sky Between, and have certain noise during ventilation.

Three, electric controlling and engine driving gearshift typically uses control driven by motor worm and gear to carry out gear shift, and it is in price, matter Certain advantage is had in amount.But electric controlling and engine driving gearshift has the drawback that (1) uses direct current generator to need pulse to adjust System carries out electric machine speed regulation, therefore need to which adds hardware at the outer additional amplifying circuit of single-chip microcomputer, reduce control system Reliability；(2) rotating speed of direct current generator output is high, and torque is low, and this is accomplished by additionally designing corresponding reducing gear and reduces Rotating speed, improves moment of torsion.And then making system structure more complicated, layout and installation to system bring difficulty；(3) need to design specially Shifter connect choosing, gear shifting motor so that it is can move along a straight line, also can rotary motion.

Utility model content

In view of this, this utility model is directed to a kind of gearshift and variator, to solve of the prior art changing The structure that latch device exists is complicated, maintenance conditions difficulty, take up room the problem such as big.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that

A kind of gearshift, described gearshift includes gear shifting rocking arm, and the first end of described gear shifting rocking arm is provided with electromagnetism The adsorption element that coil can adsorb, second end relative with described first end is used for connecting selector fork, described gear shifting rocking arm Two ends between position be arranged in rotating shaft and can be around described axis of rotation；Described gearshift is additionally included in electrical condition Lower for adsorbing described adsorption element so that described gear shifting rocking arm rotates thus the electromagnetic wire that drives described selector fork to move Circle.

Further, described solenoid be included in described gear shifting rocking arm side arrange for adsorbing described adsorption section Part is so that described selector fork moves the first solenoid to the first gear from neutral position；

Described solenoid be additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm opposite side arrange for adsorb described adsorption element from And make described selector fork move the second solenoid to the second gear from neutral position.

Further, the described adsorption element on described gear shifting rocking arm is included in the use that the side of described gear shifting rocking arm is arranged It is used for and described second electromagnetic wire in what the first permanent magnet and opposite side coordinating absorption with described first solenoid was arranged Circle coordinates the second permanent magnet of absorption.

Further, described gearshift is additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm and turns to described first gear or described second Described gear shifting rocking arm can be maintained at during gear described first gear or the lockable mechanism of described second gear.

Further, described lockable mechanism includes that helical spring, one end of described helical spring are connected to described gear shift and shake Described first end of arm, the other end of described helical spring is connected to the inclined of the side of the close described selector fork of described rotating shaft Heart position.

Further, be additionally included in can be by described gear shift when described gear shifting rocking arm is in described neutral position for described gearshift Rocking arm is maintained at the maintaining body of described neutral position.

Further, described first end of described gear shifting rocking arm is provided with the arcwall face protruded towards outside, described holding Mechanism is included in the elastomeric element of the described end near described gear shifting rocking arm, and two described elastomeric elements are for pushing up respectively In the both sides of described arcwall face so that the top of described arcwall face is maintained between two described elastomeric elements thus by described Gear shifting rocking arm is maintained at described neutral position.

Further, described gearshift also includes retainer, and described retainer is formed spaced two peaces Dress hole, described elastomeric element includes compression spring and the force-sensitive pin set gradually in described installing hole respectively.

Further, described selector fork is formed with groove, described second end of described gear shifting rocking arm be positioned at described in change Shelves shift fork described groove in and can rotate in described groove.

The gearshift provided in this utility model controls turning of gear shifting rocking arm by arranging the switching electricity of solenoid Move thus control selector fork to realize the mode of gear shift, it is not necessary to arrange as pneumatic type or fluid pressure type shift control system Various pipeline, valve member and the facility such as air compressor or oil pump.Gearshift simple in construction in this utility model, system Make, detect and easy to maintenance, and the gearshift that this utility model provides is not affected by temperature or oil temperature, to environmental suitability Good, relative to current gearshift advantage of lower cost.

This utility model also provides for a kind of variator, and described variator is provided with gearshift as above.

Described variator is identical with above-mentioned gearshift have the advantage that relative to prior art, the most superfluous at this State.

Other features and advantages of the utility model will be described in detail in detailed description of the invention part subsequently.

Accompanying drawing explanation

The accompanying drawing constituting a part of the present utility model is further appreciated by of the present utility model for providing, and this practicality is new The schematic description and description of type is used for explaining this utility model, is not intended that improper restriction of the present utility model.? In accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gearshift in an embodiment of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is the structural representation in terms of other direction of the gearshift in Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing at A of the gearshift in Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is that the gearshift shown in Fig. 2 is at the structural representation changing to the first gear；

Fig. 5 is that the gearshift shown in Fig. 2 is at the structural representation changing to the second gear；

Fig. 6 is helical spring distance schematic diagram in gearshift procedure between two ends.

Description of reference numerals:

1-gear shifting rocking arm；2-rotating shaft；

3-helical spring；4-the first solenoid；

5-the second solenoid；6-the first permanent magnet；

7-the second permanent magnet；8-retainer；

81-installing hole；9-elastomeric element；

91-compression spring；92-force-sensitive pin；

10-arcwall face；11-pin；

12-selector fork；121-groove；

13-shift fork axle；14-the first gear；

15-the first tooth set；16-the second gear；

17-the second tooth set；18-combines tooth set.

Detailed description of the invention

It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, the embodiment in this utility model and the feature in embodiment can To be mutually combined.

This utility model provides a kind of gearshift, and described gearshift includes gear shifting rocking arm 1, described gear shifting rocking arm 1 First end is provided with the adsorption element that solenoid can adsorb, and second end relative with described first end is used for connecting gear shift and dials Fork 12, the position between the two ends of described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is arranged in rotating shaft 2 and can rotate around described rotating shaft 2；Described gear shift Device is additionally included under electrical condition for adsorbing described adsorption element so that described gear shifting rocking arm 1 rotates thus drives described The solenoid that selector fork 12 moves.

The gearshift provided in this utility model controls gear shifting rocking arm 1 by arranging the switching electricity of solenoid Rotate thus control selector fork 12 to realize the mode of gear shift, it is not necessary to as pneumatic type or fluid pressure type shift control system Various pipeline, valve member and the facility such as air compressor or oil pump is set.Gearshift simple in construction in this utility model, Manufacture, detect and easy to maintenance, and the gearshift that this utility model provides is not affected by temperature or oil temperature, environment is adapted to Property is good, relative to current gearshift advantage of lower cost.

Describe this utility model below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments in detail.

In detailed description of the invention of the present utility model, as Figure 1-Figure 4, described solenoid is included in described gear shift The first solenoid 4 that the side of rocking arm 1 is arranged, this first solenoid 4 is for adsorbing the described adsorption section on gear shifting rocking arm 1 Part is so that gear shifting rocking arm 1 rotates so that selector fork 12 moves to the first gear from neutral position；Described solenoid is also Be included in the second solenoid 5 that the opposite side of described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is arranged, this second solenoid 5 be used for adsorbing described in change Described adsorption element on shelves rocking arm is so that gear shifting rocking arm 1 rotates so that described gear shift is dialled with direction contrary to the above Fork 12 moves to the second gear from neutral position.Wherein, selector fork 12 moves to the first gear or the second gear tool from neutral position Body refers to that selector fork 12 drives and combines tooth set 18 and move and realize the combination of the first teeth set 15 with the first gear 14 or with the The combination of the second tooth set 17 of two gears 16.Realize gear shift, gear selecting by solenoid, can concentrate and remotely control, setting Automatically control with other electric elements cooperative achievement in Bei.

Preferably, the described adsorption element on described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is included in the use that the side of described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is arranged It is used for and described second electromagnetism in what the first permanent magnet 6 and opposite side coordinating absorption with described first solenoid 4 was arranged Coil 5 coordinates the second permanent magnet 7 of absorption.Certainly, described adsorption element is not limited to as permanent magnet, it is possible to for solenoid energy The irony parts of enough absorption, because the suction between permanent magnet and solenoid is higher, therefore, described adsorption element is preferably permanent magnetism Body.

When the first solenoid 4 is energized, the first solenoid 4 adsorbs the first permanent magnet 6 so that gear shifting rocking arm 1 is along suitable Clockwise turns to state as shown in Figure 4, and selector fork 12 moves along shift fork axle 13, drives and combines tooth set 18 and the first gear First gear ring 15 of 14 is carried out, thus realizes from neutral position to the conversion of the first gear.When the second solenoid 5 is energized, the Two solenoids 5 adsorb the second permanent magnet 7 so that gear shifting rocking arm 1 turns to state as shown in Figure 5 in the counterclockwise direction, thus Realize from neutral position to the conversion of the second gear.

In preferred implementation of the present utility model, described gearshift is additionally included in gear shifting rocking arm 1 and turns to first Described gear shifting rocking arm 1 can be maintained at when gear or described second gear described first gear or the locking of described second gear Mechanism.

Preferably, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described lockable mechanism includes helical spring 3, and one end of described helical spring 3 is even Being connected on the first end of described gear shifting rocking arm 1, the other end of helical spring 3 is connected to the close described selector fork 12 of rotating shaft 2 The eccentric position of side, the two ends of helical spring 3 connect the most in articulated manner, in Fig. 3, one end of helical spring Can be hinged on the first end of gear shifting rocking arm 1 by pin 11, the other end can be connected in rotating shaft 2 also by hinged mode.

When gear shifting rocking arm 1 is in neutral position, helical spring 3 is in elongation state, and in conjunction with such as Fig. 6, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is in During centre position (i.e. neutral position), distance R1 between the junction point at helical spring 3 two ends is the longest, and helical spring 3 has maximum Elastic potential energy.And when gear shifting rocking arm 1 rotates to both sides, due to distance R2 between the two ends junction point of helical spring and R3 Less than R1, therefore, when gear shifting rocking arm 1 turns to the first gear or the second gear, helical spring 3 shrinks, and elastic potential energy is at least Part release, at this moment, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is locked at the first gear or the second gear by this helical spring 3, in the condition without external force Under, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at the gear at place by helical spring 3.

It should be noted that at this, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at by the gearshift that this utility model provides the first gear or The lockable mechanism of the second gear is not limited to by the way of helical spring 3 carries out locking, such as, and also can be at the first gear or Both sides are set at two gears and have bevelled elastic bumps, when gear shifting rocking arm 1 turns to the first gear or the second gear, gear shift Rocking arm 1 moves along the inclined-plane of elastic bumps side, and it is recessed to compress this this elastic bumps, is moving to the inclined-plane of opposite side Time, elastic bumps is upspring and is stoped gear shifting rocking arm 1 to depart from gear；And change to sky at gear shifting rocking arm 1 from the first gear or the second gear During gear, gear shifting rocking arm moves and on the inclined-plane of the opposite side that is pressed in elastic bumps under the effect of absorption affinity so that elastic convex Rise the most recessed, after crossing elastic bumps, be movable to described neutral position.

Owing to gear shifting rocking arm 1 is when neutral position, helical spring 3 has the elastic potential energy of maximum, and helical spring 3 can pull and change Shelves rocking arm 1 deviates neutral position, and therefore in present embodiment, described gearshift is additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm 1 and is in neutral gear Described gear shifting rocking arm 1 can be maintained at during position the maintaining body of described neutral position.

Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, described first end of gear shifting rocking arm 1 is provided with the arcwall face protruded towards outside 10, specifically can fix at the first end of gear shifting rocking arm and there is the contiguous block of arcwall face 10, or direct at gear shifting rocking arm 1 first end Form arcwall face 10.Described maintaining body is included in two elastomeric elements of the described end setting near gear shifting rocking arm 1 9, described elastomeric element 9 is for withstanding on described arcwall face 10 both sides so that the top of described arcwall face 10 is maintained at described in two Between elastomeric element 9 thus described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at described neutral position.

Concrete, described gearshift also includes retainer 8, and described retainer 8 is formed spaced two peaces Dress hole 81, described elastomeric element 9 includes compression spring 91 and the force-sensitive pin 92 set gradually in described installing hole 81 respectively, sense Power pin 92 can move back and forth, to compress or to discharge this compression spring 91.Wherein, force-sensitive pin 92 withstands on arcwall face 10 respectively to incite somebody to action Gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at neutral position.When the first hot-wire coil 4 or the second hot-wire coil 5 are energized, made by the effect of absorption affinity Obtaining gear shifting rocking arm 1 to rotate, arcwall face 10 compresses compression spring 91, gear shifting rocking arm 1 gram by force-sensitive pin 92 in rotation process After taking the elastic force arrival critical localisation of compression spring 91, the elastic potential energy of compression spring 91 starts release and promotes gear shifting rocking arm 1 turn Dynamic, power-assisted effect is played in the now gear shift to gear shifting rocking arm 1, it is possible to realize fast slewing.

It should be appreciated that the maintaining body that described gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at neutral position is also not necessarily limited to present embodiment In limited by the way of arcwall face by elastomeric element, the most also can arrange at the first end of gear shifting rocking arm and have tapered sidewalls Groove, retainer arranges the elastic component that can be positioned in described groove and can deviate from described groove along described tapered sidewalls, so Also gear shifting rocking arm 1 can be maintained at neutral position by elastic component with coordinating of groove.

It addition, in present embodiment, selector fork 12 is formed with groove 121, described second end of described gear shifting rocking arm 1 It is positioned in described groove 12 and can rotate in described groove 12.Gear shifting rocking arm 1 second end rotate time, this second end with change The groove 121 of shelves shift fork 12 coordinates promotion selector fork 12 to move along selector shaft 13.

The detailed process that the gearshift provided with this utility model carries out gear shift below is described in detail.

As Fig. 2 shows, now, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is in neutral position, when vehicle needs to change to the first gear (in present embodiment For low-grade location) time, the first solenoid 4 is energized, and the first permanent magnet 6 being fixed on gear shifting rocking arm 1 is produced absorption affinity, at this The effect lower generation turning moment of absorption affinity makes gear shifting rocking arm 1 rotate clockwise and drive selector fork 12 to the side of the first gear Arcwall face 10 in rotation, gear shifting rocking arm 1 elastomeric element 9 to side in moving process produces pressure, and elastomeric element 9 produces Growing situation energy, after gear shifting rocking arm 1 overcomes the elastic force of elastomeric element 9 to arrive critical localisation, the elastic potential energy of elastomeric element 9 starts to release Putting promotion gear shifting rocking arm 1 to rotate, power-assisted effect is played in the gear shift to gear shifting rocking arm 1 so that it is fast slewing.Gear shifting rocking arm 1 turn During Dong, selector fork 12 moves along shift fork axle 13 under the drive of gear shifting rocking arm 1, thus drives and combine tooth set 18 and the The first tooth set 15 combination on one gear 14, it is achieved the gear shift of the first gear, as shown in Figure 4.Now, the potential energy of helical spring 3 The most gradually discharging, until gear shifting rocking arm 1 turns to the first gear, the potential energy release of helical spring 3 is complete, is not having the bar of external force Time under part, gear shifting rocking arm 1 is maintained at the first gear.

When vehicle needs to change to the second gear (for high tap position present embodiment) from neutral position, with above-mentioned process class Seemingly, the second solenoid 5 is energized, and the second permanent magnet 7 being fixed on gear shifting rocking arm 1 is produced absorption affinity, gear shifting rocking arm 1 inverse time Pin hour hands rotate and drive selector fork 12 to rotate to the direction of the second gear, and the arcwall face 10 on gear shifting rocking arm 1 is being moved through In journey, the elastomeric element 9 to opposite side produces pressure, and elastomeric element 9 produces potential energy, overcomes elastomeric element 9 at gear shifting rocking arm 1 After elastic force arrives critical localisation, the elastic potential energy of elastomeric element 9 starts release and promotes gear shifting rocking arm 1 to rotate, to gear shifting rocking arm 1 Gear shift plays power-assisted effect to realize fast slewing.Selector fork 12 moves along shift fork axle 13 under the drive of gear shifting rocking arm 1, band The dynamic tooth set 18 second tooth set 17 on the second gear 16 that combines is combined, it is achieved the gear shift of the second gear, as shown in Figure 5.Now, The potential energy release of helical spring 3, is maintained at the second gear by gear shifting rocking arm 1.

If vehicle needed when the first gear changes to neutral position, the first solenoid 4 power-off, and the second solenoid 5 Energising, the second permanent magnet 7 and the second solenoid 5 produce absorption affinity so that gear shifting rocking arm 1 from the first gear counterclockwise to turn Dynamic, when the first end of gear shifting rocking arm 1 is between two elastomeric elements 9, the second solenoid 5 power-off, gear shifting rocking arm 1 keeps In neutral position.

Same reason, when vehicle changes to neutral position from the second gear, the first solenoid 4 is energized, and the second electromagnetism Coil 5 power-off, when the first end of gear shifting rocking arm turns between two elastomeric elements 9, the first solenoid 4 power-off, gear shift Rocking arm 1 is maintained at neutral position.

The gearshift that this utility model provides, is not only simple in structure, and is capable of fast slewing, and changes completing After Dang, gear had latch functions, it is possible to reduce shift time and gear can be prevented out of supply, significantly improving Vehicular shift During comfortableness.

This utility model also provides for a kind of variator, and described variator is provided with gearshift as above.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit this utility model, all at this Within the spirit of utility model and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (10)

1. a gearshift, it is characterised in that described gearshift includes gear shifting rocking arm (1), the of described gear shifting rocking arm (1) One end is provided with the adsorption element that solenoid can adsorb, and second end relative with described first end is used for connecting selector fork (12), the position between the two ends of described gear shifting rocking arm (1) is arranged in rotating shaft (2) and can rotate around described rotating shaft (2)；

Described gearshift is additionally included under electrical condition for adsorbing described adsorption element so that described gear shifting rocking arm (1) turns Move thus drive the solenoid of described selector fork (12) movement.

Gearshift the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described solenoid is included in described gear shifting rocking arm (1) what side was arranged is used for adsorbing described adsorption element so that described selector fork (12) moves to first from neutral position First solenoid (4) of gear；

Described solenoid be additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm (1) opposite side arrange be used for adsorbing described adsorption element thus Described selector fork (12) is made to move the second solenoid (5) to the second gear from neutral position.

Gearshift the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the described adsorption element on described gear shifting rocking arm (1) It is included in the first permanent magnetism for coordinating absorption with described first solenoid (4) that the side of described gear shifting rocking arm (1) is arranged The second permanent magnet (7) for coordinating absorption with described second solenoid (5) that body (6) and opposite side are arranged.

Gearshift the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described gearshift is additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm (1) described gear shifting rocking arm (1) can be maintained at when turning to described first gear or described second gear described first gear Or the lockable mechanism of described second gear.

Gearshift the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described lockable mechanism includes helical spring (3), described One end of helical spring (3) is connected to described first end of described gear shifting rocking arm (1), and the other end of described helical spring (3) is even It is connected on the eccentric position of the side of the close described selector fork (12) of described rotating shaft (2).

Gearshift the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described gearshift is additionally included in described gear shifting rocking arm (1) described gear shifting rocking arm (1) can be maintained at when being in described neutral position the maintaining body of described neutral position.

Gearshift the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described first end of described gear shifting rocking arm (1) is arranged Having the arcwall face (10) protruded towards outside, described maintaining body is included in described first end near described gear shifting rocking arm (1) The elastomeric element (9) at place, two described elastomeric elements (9) for withstanding on the both sides of described arcwall face (10) respectively so that described The top of arcwall face (10) is maintained between two described elastomeric elements (9) thus is maintained at by described gear shifting rocking arm (1) described Neutral position.

Gearshift the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described gearshift also includes retainer (8), described Being formed with spaced two installing holes (81) on retainer (8), described elastomeric element (9) includes respectively at described installing hole (81) compression spring (91) set gradually in and force-sensitive pin (92).

9. according to the gearshift described in any one in claim 1-8, it is characterised in that the upper shape of described selector fork (12) Becoming fluted (121), described second end of described gear shifting rocking arm (1) is positioned in the described groove (12) of described selector fork (12) And can rotate in described groove (12).

10. a variator, it is characterised in that be provided with on described variator according to described in any one in claim 1-9 Gearshift.