CN205714458U

CN205714458U - Controlled elasticity internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN205714458U
Application number: CN201620401217.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈光明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-05-06
Filing date: 2016-05-06
Publication date: 2016-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2026-05-06

Abstract

This utility model relates to a kind of controlled elasticity internal combustion engine, is provided with the plunger hole run through for installing plunger in its cylinder head, and one end of described plunger is stretched in described plunger hole, and the other end stretches out outside described plunger hole and end is provided with step-like return spring seat；The outer sheath of one end that described plunger stretches out described plunger hole is provided with the return spring being against inside described return spring seat.This utility model uses the chamber structure of similar N-shaped to be conducive to the layout of variable compression ratio and magnet；This utility model is suitable for higher compression ratios and deflagrate, also can control the maximum temperature of combustor, effectively controls the generation of nitrogen oxides；The plunger of variable compression ratio can be used to install atomizer and spark plug, when installing spark plug, will coordinate higher compression ratio, reduce the time that flame is propagated, shorten combustion process.

Description

Controlled elasticity internal combustion engine

Technical field

This utility model relates to field of internal combustion engine, particularly relates to a kind of controlled elasticity internal combustion engine.

Background technology

Existing reciprocating-piston quartastroke engine is widely used in, among traffic life, being typically divided into vapour Oil machine and diesel engine, IC engine airframe includes that valve timing part inlet and exhaust valve, valve spring, valve shake Arm (or hydraulic tappet) rocker arm shaft, camshaft, timing gears, Timing Belt (or timing chain), Timing cover shell, timing stretcher and regulating wheel etc.；Power-conversion output unit is divided and is included cylinder cap, cylinder body, cylinder Set, piston, piston ring, piston pin, connecting rod, the connecting-rod bearing, bent axle, crankshaft bearing etc.；Sealing Divide before and after including valve-chamber cover, cavaera Cover Gasket, valve oil seal, camshaft seal, head gasket, bent axle Oil sealing, oil sump, oil sump pad etc..Slave part includes by gas handling system, gas extraction system, fuel feeding system System, cooling system, lubricating system, electric-control system etc..

Chinese patent 201410204117.1 discloses a kind of combination relief piston, including cylinder, outer work Plug, pressure spring, inner carrier, piston pin, jump ring and connecting rod；Its position and annexation be: at gas Outer piston it is provided with, along the centrage of cylinder, outer piston, pressure spring, inner carrier, piston in cylinder Pin and connecting rod are sequentially connected with；Outer piston inwall be provided with jump ring below.Chinese patent 201410740603.5 disclose a kind of combination relief piston based on elastic noise reduction impact resistance head gasket, it is One head gasket with elastic noise reduction impact resistance function is set on the basis of combinations thereof relief piston Replace original head gasket.

The problem that above-mentioned patent exists is as follows:

1. with the presence of a common defects in above-mentioned two patent: the elasticity of pressure spring is with certain steady state value, Range of accommodation is limited, and performance is bad so that it is can not play due effect.

2. the work under bad environment that elastic noise reduction impact resistance head gasket disposes, outer piston and elastic noise reduction crashworthiness Hitting head gasket and there is the problem of contact-impact, high temperature and high-frequency collision in combustor affect Elastic Steel pawl Service life and collision noise, go back and combine the pressure regulation problem that relief piston exists jointly.

3. the combustion-chamber shape in cylinder head and valve distribution mode, is unfavorable for magnetosphere distribution and variable compressive Apply than the layout of structure.

Utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to provide a kind of controlled bullet overcoming drawbacks described above Property internal combustion engine.

The technical scheme that this utility model solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows: controlled elasticity internal combustion engine, cylinder Cover and be provided with variable compression ratio structure: cylinder head is provided with the plunger hole run through for installing plunger, institute The one end stating plunger is stretched in described plunger hole, and the other end stretches out outside described plunger hole and end is provided with platform The return spring seat of scalariform；The outer sheath of one end that described plunger stretches out described plunger hole be provided be against described Return spring inside return spring seat；

Described plunger hole is provided with at least one sealing member with inwall or the described plunger of described plunger contact；

The outside of described return spring seat is provided with eccentric shaft, and eccentric shaft is provided with gear and position sensor, Described gear is provided with coupling electric machine；

Described return spring seat is provided with the phase slots coordinated with eccentric outer rim.

Further scheme as technique scheme: the combustor of cylinder head is the shape of similar N-shaped, Described cylinder head includes air inlet side and the exhaust side two parts being bolted, two-part structure shape Can be symmetrical or identical, it is possible to asymmetric or identical；Inlet valve and exhaust valve are flatly arranged symmetrically in burning The both sides of room, described inlet valve and the size of exhaust valve, quantity are the most identical, and admission cam shaft and aerofluxus are convex Wheel shaft is correspondingly horizontally set on the both sides of combustor.

Further scheme as technique scheme: described plunger and plunger hole are arc for circular or two ends The similar rectangular shape of shape.

Based on technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: this utility model uses similar n The chamber structure of type is conducive to the layout of variable compression ratio and magnet；This utility model is suitable for higher pressure Contracting ratio and deflagrate, also can control the maximum temperature of combustor, effectively control the generation of nitrogen oxides； The plunger of variable compression ratio can be used to install atomizer and spark plug, when installing spark plug, coordinate relatively High compression ratio, reduces the time that flame is propagated, and shortens combustion process.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model；

Fig. 2 is this utility model another kind structural representation；

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of spring steel plate；

Fig. 4 is cylinder head profile；

Fig. 5 is the end view drawing of cylinder head；

Fig. 6 is the sectional view in Fig. 5 along line A-A；

Fig. 7 is the another kind of sectional view in Fig. 5 along line A-A；

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of return spring seat and eccentric contact surface.

In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:

1. cylinder head, 2. combustor, 3. water channel hole, 4. inlet valve, 5. eccentric, 6. return spring seat, 7. return spring, 8. sealing member, 9. plunger, 10. phase slots, 11. installing holes, 12. air intake ducts, 13. Admission cam shaft, 14. exhaust valves, 15. exhaust cam shafts, 16. exhaust ducts, 17. second magnets, 18. First permanent magnet, 19. coils, 20. head gaskets, 21. cylinders, 22. outer pistons, 23. pressure springs, 24. inner carriers, 25. piston pins, 26. jump rings, 27. connecting rods, 28. air bleeding valves, 29. intake valves, 201. Spring steel plate, 203. Elastic Steel pawls, 202. circular holes.

Detailed description of the invention

Being described principle of the present utility model and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for solving Release this utility model, be not intended to limit scope of the present utility model.

The purpose of this utility model is contemplated to overcome pressure spring elastically regulating and controlling problem and improve elasticity disappear Sound impact resistance cylinder liner and the scheme of outer piston contact-impact, and a kind of succinct variable compression ratio structure； Propose to improve to internal combustion engine appropriate section, it is provided that a kind of controlled elasticity internal combustion engine.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of controlled elasticity internal combustion engine that the utility model proposes, including cylinder 21, outer piston 22, pressure spring 23, inner carrier 24, piston pin 25, jump ring 26 and connecting rod 27； Its position and annexation be: is provided with outer piston 22 in cylinder 21, along the centrage of cylinder 21, Outer piston 22, pressure spring 23, inner carrier 24, piston pin 25 and connecting rod 27 are sequentially connected with；Outside The inwall of piston 22 be provided with jump ring 26 below；Internal combustion engine is provided with for regulating crankcase internal gas pressure Pressure regulation system；Pressure spring seat in inner carrier 24 and piston boss are an entirety, can be reasonable Utilize space, make more compact structure；Jump ring 26 is circular collar, is provided with waveform elastic pad inside it Sheet, described circular collar is arranged in outer piston 22.

Internal combustion engine is provided with the pressure regulation system for regulating crankcase internal gas pressure.Pressure regulation system includes Inflating pump containing check valve, air accumulator, relief valve, some tracheas, automatically controlled intake valve 29, electric control exhaust 28, two pressure transducers of valve, crankcase and control computer connecting wires road etc.；Crankcase is to include valve It is only that chamber cap, cylinder head, cylinder block, oil sump, sealing gasket, oil sealing and other related components form Vertical space；Wherein the parts such as valve-chamber cover, oil sump, sealing gasket and oil sealing need to bear higher gas Pressure, mechanical strength and pressure degree to related components need to be suitably modified, in order to meet new structure Job requirement；

The another kind of building mode of crankcase: gentle for cylinder head lubricating cylinders connected component is made a distinction, The most irrelevant, cylinder head is set up independent lubricating system, the space beyond cylinder head independent sector For crankcase.

Air pressure set up by inflating pump, and is connected to air accumulator by trachea, is provided with pressure sensing in air accumulator Device and relief valve, air accumulator minimum position trachea connect intake valve 29 (note intake valve can not hydrops, Hydrops get rusty easily hair fastener lost efficacy), intake valve 29 connects crankcase, is provided with pressure sensing in crankcase Device, the crankcase air valve 28 that runs in is connected to intake lines of combustion engines by trachea again.

The another kind of building mode of pressure regulation system: described inflating pump is connected with crankcase, in crankcase Being provided with pressure transducer, described crankcase connects air bleeding valve 28, by controlling operating and the aerofluxus of inflating pump The air pressure change of the opening controlled yeast production axle box of valve 28, simple in construction, volume is little.

Pressure regulation system is based on principle of mobile equilibrium work, and described dynamic equilibrium refers to: at equipment Combination relief piston internal combustion engine (illustrates) as a example by in-line four cylinder internal combustion engine, during crankshaft operation work, The operating condition of interior outer piston possesses features: a cylinder is equal to four cylinders, and two cylinder equivalent triplex, each cylinder is lived Fill in the most equal with the power arm that bent axle is formed, and crankcase volume keeps constant；Fill in crankcase Compressed air, four pistons are by the equal pressure (to combustor direction) in the same direction, and bent axle will not operate, In internal combustion engine operation process, if the gases at high pressure promotion that certain cylinder outer piston is burned room breaks this Plant equilibrant, then just have corresponding piston and utilize equilibrant (plus-pressure is poor) to do work；Thus Visible combustion chamber interior temperature and pressure can be adjusted according to the air pressure in crankcase, combines relief piston After using pressure regulation system, pressure spring can be cancelled, owing to relating to the configuration of inflating pump, letting out Dew, damage and the spacing problem of outer piston, pressure spring still continues use, the elastic force of pressure spring As long as meeting crankcase to can guarantee that normally starting and running at a low speed of internal combustion engine at ambient pressure.

The head gasket 20 of elastic noise reduction impact resistance it is provided with between cylinder head 1 and cylinder 21；Described gas Cylinder pad 20 includes spring steel plate 201, Elastic Steel pawl 203；As it is shown on figure 3, at spring steel plate 201 Middle part is provided with circular hole 202, and the periphery at circular hole 202 is provided with Elastic Steel pawl 203 symmetrically；Institute The thickness stating spring steel plate 201 is more than the thickness of Elastic Steel pawl 203 in order to prevent spring steel plate 201 stress deformations cause the phenomenon of poor sealing to occur, and can reduce head gasket 20 with outer piston 22 in work Make the problem of temperature distortion contact-impact present in process；Elastic Steel pawl 203 is angular shape, permissible Reduce heating surface area, strengthen heat stability, can increase the service life, collision noise has been reduced.

Described outer piston end face is provided with the first permanent magnet 18, is provided with and described first permanent magnetism inside cylinder head 1 The second magnet 17 that body 18 same sex is repelled each other, described second magnet 17 is connected to coil 19；By controlling The size of current of coil 19, the magnetic degree of strength of scalable the second magnet 17, solve compression stroke and The problem that exhaust stroke and rotation speed change affect the kinestate of outer piston.

Owing to using the magnetic principles of magnetic and electromagnetism, in cylinder head and outer piston will magnetisable material, outer work Arrange that magnetisable material is relatively easy to beyond the Great Wall, cylinder head needs arrange that valve may utilize space less, two gas The combustor of door and three valve all can be vacateed segment space and arrange magnetic material；Magnetic due to magnetic material Temperature influence, is preferably used during selection that Curie temperature is higher, the preferable material of magnetic, and takes suitably Provision for thermal insulation, as reduce heating surface area, heating surface is carried out sanding and polishing process or heating surface is carried out Heat insulation process etc., and in manufacturing process, carry out cooling measure as much as possible.

In order to expand the arrangement space of magnetisable material and provide the placement scheme of a variable compression ratio, as Shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the combustor 2 of described cylinder head 1 is in class N-shaped, and described cylinder head 1 includes leading to Crossing bolted air inlet side and exhaust side two parts, two-part structure shape can be symmetrical or identical, it is possible to Asymmetric or identical；Inlet valve 4 and exhaust valve 14 are flatly arranged symmetrically in the both sides of combustor 2, Air intake duct 12 and exhaust duct 16 are respectively disposed in the both sides of combustor 2, described inlet valve 4 and aerofluxus The size of door 14, quantity are the most identical, and admission cam shaft 13 and exhaust cam shaft 15 correspondingly level set Putting the both sides at combustor 2, Fig. 6 is the situation of the single inlet and exhaust valve of combustor 2, and Fig. 7 is double intake and exhaust The situation of door.

As shown in Figure 4, the top of described combustor 2 is provided with the plunger hole run through for installing plunger 9, One end of described plunger 9 is stretched in described plunger hole, and the other end stretches out outside described plunger hole and end sets There is step-like return spring seat 6；The outer sheath of one end that described plunger 9 stretches out described plunger hole is provided with It is against the return spring 7 inside described return spring seat 6.

Inwall or plunger that described plunger hole contacts with described plunger 9 are provided with at least one sealing member 8.

The outside of described return spring seat 6 is provided with eccentric shaft, and eccentric shaft is provided with eccentric 5 and position passes Sensor, is provided with coupling electric machine in the eccentric 5 of eccentric shaft, and computer controls motor and drives eccentric shaft operating, Control plunger 9 to move simultaneously, thus realize regulation and control the purpose of compression ratio.

Described return spring seat 6 is provided with the phase slots 10 coordinated with eccentric 5 outer rim, described phase slots 10 can be provided with two, as shown in Figure 8 symmetrically.

May further be used on the return spring seat 6 of described plunger 9 atomizer and the installing hole 11 of spark plug are installed, When installing spark plug, the impact on flame communication process of the moving state of plunger 9 to be considered.

Described plunger 9 is circular or that two ends are arc similar rectangular shape with plunger hole, concrete shape According to arranging in combustor 2 that the quantity of valve is determined.

The water channel hole 3 being formed around multiple arc of described combustor 2.

Due to the improvement of structure, the most several methods contributing to combustion in IC engine: admission line and aerofluxus The wall smoothness (especially cylinder head portion) of pipeline, the smoothness of admission line has influence on air inlet temperature Degree and charging efficiency, the smoothness of discharge duct, affect cooling system；Scheme for exhaust gas circulation system (EGR) In waste gas take force cooling be conducive to aeration quantity and exhaust emissions；Diesel oil is mixed appropriate gasoline, can Can promote oil atomizing, speed burning velocity, reduce the growing amount of soot；Gasoline is mixed appropriate bavin Oil, may reduce compression ratio required during gasoline compression ignition.

The design of combination relief piston can not improve the thermal efficiency, can only regulate combustor in limited range The temperature and pressure of interior combustion gas, after being additionally arranged pressure regulation system, range of accommodation and performance obtain significantly Improvement, the burning that approximation is isobaric can be realized in most cases.Along with the development of electronic control injection technology, Analyzing gasoline engine theoretically and can realize compression ignition, be first compression ratio problem, improving compression ratio can To reach the compression ignition condition of gasoline, it is also possible to by preheated air, supercharging, mix the method realizations such as diesel oil Low compression ratio compression ignition gasoline；Next to that the control of combustion process, light type gasoline engine and be usually with spark plug Arcing point be beginning burning-point, by flame propagation in the way of burn, compression ignition type gasoline engine with oil spout starting point is Beginning burning-point, with injection process as combustion process, the beginning burning-point of compression ignition type gasoline engine and combustion process may be with Some difference of diesel engine: stagnant combustion shortening, combustion process are shorter.Currently used cylinder inner high voltage injection system, Being usually and control oil spout with injection pressure and fuel injection pulsewidth, compression ignition type gasoline engine can increase distributive value The function of hole regulation, more adapts to the demand of gasoline engine compression ignition.

The method solving the problem of gasoline compression ignition:

1. control combustion process well, make the maximum temperature and the pressure that produce during burning remain at internal combustion In working range needed for machine；Next to that use the preferable fuel of anti-knock properties, it is also possible to take to mix different substances together diesel oil Method, extend combustion process；

2. use " the combination relief piston " combining pressure regulation system, utilize pressure regulation system Pressure change controls the moving situation of outer piston, it is achieved the regulation control to combustor maximum pressure and temperature System, outer piston quality is the least, and regulation performance is the best, if it is possible to realizes acyclic sealing, can reduce outer work The quality of plug, it would however also be possible to employ the EGR retarded combustion speed of big flow and reduction combustion pressure.

The compression ignition technology of diesel oil is the most highly developed, due to the improvement of structure, removable in diesel oil converts appropriate vapour Oil improves atomization, shortens firing duration, reduces heat transfer loss, improves the thermal efficiency, reduces carbon The discharge of cigarette and the generation of oxynitride.

Following several combustion mode is mainly for the burning of gasoline:

Add " the combination relief piston " of pressure regulation system, in order to reduce heat loss, need to shorten Combustion process, but unsuitable too short, and the range of speeds is similar with gasoline engine；It is applicable to light and compression ignition, with Variable compressive specific binding energy forms variable compressive and lights and variable compressive compression ignition.

Add " the combination relief piston based on elastic noise reduction impact resistance head gasket " of pressure regulation system, Moment of torsion is big, the shortest combustion process, owing to reasons in structure is not suitable for running up, if using The mode of electromagnetic combination, rotating speed can appropriateness improve.Can be used for lighting and compression ignition, tie with pressure-variable compression ratio Conjunction can form variable compressive and light and fractional combustion.

Wherein light, compression ignition, variable compression ratio light and add pressure regulation system combination pressure regulation live Filling in similar, except for the difference that, the burning outbreak period is postponed till outer piston and starts descending crank angle；Secondly, This structure is more suitable for deflagrate, only represents and shortens combustion process, does not represent and run up.

Light, refer to that traditional spark is lighted, compression ratio, late ignition can be improved in right amount, speed burning Speed, shortens combustion process.

Compression ignition, refers to control combustion process and output, class by control injection process and distributive value It is similar to common rail diesel engine.

Variable compressive is lighted, and is according to different operating modes, regulates compression ratio so that in compression stroke top dead center Time, the temperature of gaseous mixture is near but below autoignition temperature, utilizes spark plug to light the mixing close to spontaneous combustion Gas, it is achieved deflagrate；Deflagrate can shorten the process of heat propagation, also can properly increase compression ratio, Be conducive to the raising of the thermal efficiency, but too fast burning influences whether the tune of " combination relief piston " outer piston Joint performance.

Variable compressive compression ignition, is according to different operating modes, regulates compression ratio, make compression travel when top dead centre, The temperature of gaseous mixture is just met for the autoignition conditions of fuel；It is suitable for fuel volatilization vapour in air inlet and compression stroke In the change stage, injecting required fuel and mix with air, the supply of fuel can take multiple spot EFI and in-cylinder direct-jet, Atomizer can be arranged on the plunger of variable compression ratio governor motion by in-cylinder direct-jet；This combustion system class Like homogeneous-charge compression-ignition, being a difference in that, Combustion System and working condition do not have homogeneous-charge compression-ignition so Harshness, next to that omnidistance compression ignition may be realized, without spark-ignition system.

Fractional combustion, refers to add the " based on elastic noise reduction impact resistance head gasket of pressure regulation system Combination relief piston ", in conjunction with variable compression ratio, use two set fuel feed systems, diesel simultaneously High-pressure common rail, a set of gasoline (natural gas) multiple spot EFI or in-cylinder direct-jet；At startup warming-up, suitably During diesel combustion operating mode, the state of compression ratio adjustment to applicable diesel combustion, burning diesel oil；After warming-up, When middle high rotating speed or suitable gasoline combustion work, in induction stroke or compression stroke, it is suitable for gasoline evaporation Evaporation stage, injects required gasoline, utilizes the gaseous mixture that variable compression ratio ends compression, and regulation is to low In but close to the autoignition temperature of gasoline, at appropriate crank angle, a small amount of diesel oil of spray in combustor, Utilize the diesel oil self-ignition point feature less than gasoline to light the gaseous mixture of gasoline and air.

Variable compression ratio, lighting and homogeneous-charge compression-ignition mainly for gasoline engine, and fractional combustion, There is good control action.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not in order to limit this utility model, all Within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, all Within protection domain of the present utility model should be included in.

Claims

1. controlled elasticity internal combustion engine, it is characterised in that: cylinder head is provided with for installing running through of plunger Plunger hole, one end of described plunger is stretched in described plunger hole, the other end stretch out outside described plunger hole and End is provided with step-like return spring seat；The outside of one end that described plunger stretches out described plunger hole is sheathed There is the return spring being against inside described return spring seat；

Controlled elasticity internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the burning of cylinder head Room is the shape of similar N-shaped, and described cylinder head includes air inlet side and the exhaust side two being bolted Point；Inlet valve and exhaust valve are flatly arranged symmetrically in the both sides of combustor, described inlet valve and exhaust valve Size, quantity the most identical, admission cam shaft and exhaust cam shaft are correspondingly horizontally set on combustor Both sides.

Controlled elasticity internal combustion engine the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described plunger It is circular or that two ends are arc similar rectangular shape with plunger hole.