CN205709870U - Prepare the system of phosphoric acid - Google Patents
Prepare the system of phosphoric acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN205709870U CN205709870U CN201620357926.0U CN201620357926U CN205709870U CN 205709870 U CN205709870 U CN 205709870U CN 201620357926 U CN201620357926 U CN 201620357926U CN 205709870 U CN205709870 U CN 205709870U
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Abstract
The utility model proposes the system preparing phosphoric acid, including: mixing apparatus, pelletizer, dehydrator, regenerative rotary hearth furnace, fume treatment auxiliary and absorption tower, wherein, mixing apparatus is suitable to mix rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst, in order to obtain mixed material；Pelletizer is connected with mixing apparatus, and is suitable to mixed material is carried out pelletizing process, in order to obtain spherical material；Dehydrator is connected with pelletizer, and is suitable to be dried spherical material；Regenerative rotary hearth furnace is connected with dehydrator, and is suitable to carry out reduction reaction through the spherical material being dried, in order to obtain phosphorous flue gas and slag；Fume treatment auxiliary is connected with regenerative rotary hearth furnace, and is suitable to make phosphorous flue gas generation oxidation reaction, in order to obtain phosphorus pentoxide steam；And absorption tower is connected with fume treatment auxiliary, and be suitable to make phosphorus pentoxide steam react with water, in order to obtain phosphoric acid.Utilize this system can be effectively improved efficiency and the quality preparing phosphoric acid.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to chemical field.Specifically, this utility model relates to the system preparing phosphoric acid.
Background technology
Industrialized production phosphoric acid main method has Wet Phosphoric Acid Market, thermal phosphoric acid and kiln-process phosphoric acid.Use sulfuric acid decomposition
Ground phosphate rock and phosphoric acid, referred to as phosphoric acid by wet process；Use electric furnace that rock phosphate in powder reductive coke is obtained yellow phosphorus, then yellow phosphorus is put into separately
In set of device, oxidation obtains phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), obtain phosphoric acid through aquation, referred to as electrothermal way phosphoric acid.The most domestic wet method
The most single production phosphate fertilizer acid of phosphoric acid production enterprise, but start to walk wet process acid and purify, further to producing technical grade, food
Level phosphoric acid, develops to the seriation direction of phosphate product.
But the current method and system preparing phosphoric acid have the disadvantage in that more
1, roasting time is long, commonly reaches 1.5-3 hour, and the most for a long time, fuel cost is high；
2, kiln at the bottom of ring is used, owing to phosphorus ore realizes redox reaction in kiln at the bottom of ring simultaneously, it is necessary to show to cover to pelletizing
Cover a tunic, prevent phosphorus in phosphorus ore from reoxidizing, have impact on heat transfer efficiency and the breathability of pelletizing the most to a certain extent, increase simultaneously
Add the process cost of " coverlay "；
3, using rotary kiln, pellet stirs rotation in kiln, will necessarily produce collision and friction, thus produce powder, and one
Aspect affects the reduction of material, on the other hand kiln wall can be caused to bond, and causes rotary kiln inevitably " ring formation " phenomenon, it is necessary to
Shutdown maintenance, the normal operating that impact produces.
4, use coke as reducing agent, use limited lacking coke area.
Therefore it is currently used for producing the method for phosphoric acid and equipment is still further improved.
Utility model content
This utility model is intended to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem the most to a certain extent or provide at a kind of useful
Business select.To this end, a purpose of the present utility model is to propose a kind of have low cost, production efficiency advantages of higher
Prepare the system of phosphoric acid.
At an aspect of the present utility model, the utility model proposes a kind of system preparing phosphoric acid.According to this practicality
New embodiment is prepared the system of phosphoric acid and is included: mixing apparatus, and described mixing has rock phosphate in powder entrance, reducing agent entrance, catalysis
Agent entrance and mixed material outlet；Pelletizer, described pelletizer is connected with described mixing apparatus；Dehydrator, described dehydrator with
Described pelletizer is connected；Regenerative rotary hearth furnace, described regenerative rotary hearth furnace has material inlet, phosphorous exhanst gas outlet and slag and goes out
Mouthful, described material inlet is connected with described dehydrator；Fume treatment auxiliary, described fume treatment auxiliary has phosphorous smoke inlet
With phosphorus pentoxide steam (vapor) outlet, described phosphorous smoke inlet is connected with described phosphorous exhanst gas outlet；And absorption tower, described suction
Receiving tower and have phosphorus pentoxide steam inlet and phosphoric acid outlet, described phosphorus pentoxide steam inlet is steamed with described phosphorus pentoxide
Vapor outlet is connected.
The system thus utilizing the phosphoric acid of above-mentioned preparation can effectively and quickly prepare phosphoric acid, it is possible to improves further
Prepare the efficiency of phosphoric acid.This system uses regenerative rotary hearth furnace as reduction furnace, thus utilize regenerative rotary hearth furnace uniqueness
Combustion system can be compared with rotary kiln compared with other reduction furnaces such as tunnel cave can build strong reducing property gas in rotary hearth furnace
Rock phosphate in powder is reduced by atmosphere, and in rock phosphate in powder, the percent reduction of phosphorus is more than 95%.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, the above-mentioned system preparing phosphoric acid farther includes: reducing mechanism, described pulverizing
Device is connected with described mixing apparatus, before it is suitable to mix rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst, respectively to described
Rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst carry out pulverization process；Wherein, granularity in the particulate matter being mixed to get after pulverization process
Granule less than 38 microns accounts for 80-90 mass % of described particulate matter.Thus can improve further rock phosphate in powder and reducing agent with
And the contact area of catalyst, improve response speed, so as to the efficiency of phosphoric acid is prepared in raising further.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described mixing apparatus includes: dry type batch mixer, described dry type batch mixer and institute
State reducing mechanism to be connected, described rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are dry mixed, in order to obtain material is dry mixed；Wet type is mixed
Material machine, described wet type batch mixer has binding agent entrance, and described wet type batch mixer is connected with described dry type batch mixer, and be suitable to by
The described material that is dry mixed carries out wet mixing, in order to obtains described mixed material, wherein, adds binding agent during described wet mixing.Thus
Raising can prepare the efficiency of pelletizing further, in order to improve the efficiency preparing phosphoric acid further.
According to embodiment of the present utility model, described fume treatment auxiliary includes the expansion chamber being sequentially connected, heat exchanger, removes
Dirt device, wherein, described expansion chamber is connected with the phosphorous exhanst gas outlet of described regenerative rotary hearth furnace, and is suitable to described phosphorous flue gas
Carry out dedusting, in order to isolate slag；Described heat exchanger is suitable to cool down described phosphorous flue gas；It is right that described cleaner unit is suitable to
Described phosphorous flue gas purifies, in order to isolate five phosphorous oxide.Thus can carry out processing preparation to phosphorous flue gas with continuous print
Obtain phosphoric acid, so as to the efficiency of phosphoric acid is prepared in raising further.
Additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will be from explained below
In become obvious, or recognized by practice of the present utility model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present utility model and advantage are from combining general the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment
Become obvious and easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the system preparing phosphoric acid according to one embodiment of this utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the system preparing phosphoric acid according to another embodiment of this utility model.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart utilizing the system preparing phosphoric acid of one embodiment of this utility model to prepare phosphonate method.
Detailed description of the invention
Of the present utility model embodiment is described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most ad initio
Represent same or similar element to same or similar label eventually or there is the element of same or like function.Below by ginseng
It is exemplary for examining the embodiment that accompanying drawing describes, it is intended to be used for explaining this utility model, and it is not intended that to this utility model
Restriction.
At an aspect of the present utility model, the utility model proposes a kind of system preparing phosphoric acid, below with reference to figure
The system that this utility model embodiment is prepared phosphoric acid by 1-2 is described in detail.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, this system includes: mixing apparatus 10, pelletizer 20, dehydrator 30, stores
Hot type rotary hearth furnace 40, fume treatment auxiliary 50, absorption tower 60.
Wherein, mixing apparatus 10 is suitable to mix rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst, in order to obtain mixture
Material；Pelletizer 20 is connected with mixing apparatus 10, and is suitable to mixed material is carried out pelletizing process, in order to obtain spherical material；Institute
State dehydrator 30 to be connected with described pelletizer 20, and be suitable to described spherical material is dried；Regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40 and institute
State dehydrator 30 to be connected, and be suitable to carry out reduction reaction through described dry spherical material, in order to obtain phosphorous flue gas and
Slag；Fume treatment auxiliary 50 is connected with regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40, and is suitable to make phosphorous flue gas generation oxidation reaction, in order to obtain
Phosphorus pentoxide steam；And absorption tower 60 is connected with fume treatment auxiliary 50, and be suitable to make phosphorus pentoxide steam anti-with water
Should, in order to obtain phosphoric acid.
The system preparing phosphoric acid of specific embodiment of the utility model is described for convenience, below by the tool of this system
Body implementation is described.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, first by rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalysis in mixing apparatus 10
Agent mixes, in order to obtain mixed material.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned raw materials i.e. rock phosphate in powder, reduction
The mass ratio of agent and catalyst is not particularly restricted, and according to concrete example of the present utility model, its mass ratio can be
100:(15-20):(1-2).Thus so that add the reducing agent of this mass range and catalyst can reach phosphorus ore
The abundant reduction of stone, and avoid the wasting of resources.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned mass ratio is inventor's warp
Cross test of many times surprisingly to obtain.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned reducing agent is not particularly restricted, according to of the present utility model
Specific embodiment, reducing agent can be non-coke coal, and described non-coke coal is anthracite and/or semi-coke.Thus can save former
The cost of material reducing agent, is capable of the efficient reduction of rock phosphate in powder simultaneously.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, utilize non-
Coke coal as reducing agent so that the method is applicable to high yield to prepare phosphoric acid, therefore equally lacking coke area
The method has bigger market potential.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, catalyst can be the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, and preferably
Mass ratio be sodium carbonate: sodium sulfate is 2:1.Addition is only 1-2 mass % of mixed material, and more conventional kiln-process phosphoric acid adds
Enter more than 50% the catalytic amount such as Silicon stone much less, not only reduce the fuel cost of heating, can promote further simultaneously
The reducing agent reduction to rock phosphate in powder, in order to improving the efficiency of rock phosphate in powder reduction further, the efficiency of phosphoric acid is prepared in raising.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as in figure 2 it is shown, the above-mentioned system preparing phosphoric acid can also be wrapped further
Including: reducing mechanism 70, reducing mechanism 70 is connected with mixing apparatus 10, and it is suitable to carry out rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst
Before mixing, respectively rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are carried out pulverization process；Wherein, mix after pulverization process
To particulate matter in granularity account for 80-90 mass % of particulate matter less than the granule of 38 microns.Thus can improve phosphorus ore further
Stone and reducing agent and the contact area of catalyst, in order to improve the reduction efficiency of rock phosphate in powder further.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as in figure 2 it is shown, mixing apparatus 10 includes: dry type batch mixer 11 and wet
Formula batch mixer 12, dry type batch mixer 11 is connected with reducing mechanism 70, rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst is dry mixed, with
Just obtain material is dry mixed；Wet type batch mixer 12 has binding agent entrance 121, and wet type batch mixer 12 is connected with dry type batch mixer 11,
And be suitable to carry out wet mixing by material is dry mixed, in order to obtain mixed material, wherein, during wet mixing, add binding agent.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the mixing that said mixture carries out dry blend wet mixing process successively sets
Standby for intensive mixer, revolving drum or muller batch mixer, first it is dry mixed, carries out wet mixing afterwards, add viscous during wet mixing
Knot agent, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the addition of binding agent is 1-3 mass % that material is dry mixed, binding agent
Kind is not particularly restricted, and according to concrete example of the present utility model, binding agent can be inorganic binder, such as bentonite
Deng, it is also possible to it is organic binder bond, such as molasses, polyvinyl alcohol etc..
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, further, by pelletizer 20 by the above-mentioned mixing being mixed to get
Material carries out pelletizing.According to concrete example of the present utility model, pelletizer 20 can be disc balling machine, it is possible to use pressure ball
Machine substitutes, and then is prepared as pelletizing shape or for spherical shape or for oval spherical or for square block.
According to concrete example of the present utility model, the pelletizing prepared sends into dehydrator 30 via belt dries, described
Dehydrator 30 is chain comb dehydrator or rotary drum dryer, and the pelletizing after drying is through screening, and screening plant can be bar grizzl(e)y or circle
Cylinder roller screen, returns agglomeration system less than the material of 3mm grade, and on sieve, qualified carbonaceous pelletizing is transported to reduction apparatus by belt feeder
The feed bin on top.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, further, regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40 is connected with described dehydrator 30,
And be suitable to carry out reduction reaction through described dry spherical material, in order to obtain phosphorous flue gas and slag.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, use regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40 that rock phosphate in powder is reduced.Utilize and store
The combustion system of hot type rotary hearth furnace uniqueness can be compared with rotary kiln compared with other reduction furnaces such as tunnel cave can be in rotary hearth furnace
Building strong reducing property atmosphere to reduce rock phosphate in powder, in rock phosphate in powder, the percent reduction of phosphorus is more than 95%.According to this utility model
Specific embodiment, reduction furnace use regenerative rotary hearth furnace, the carbonaceous pelletizing in feed bin, via three vibrations distributing devices equably
Being arranged on the internal ring of regenerative rotary hearth furnace, medium ring and outer shroud siege, the thickness of feed layer on siege is 20-140mm, and heat accumulating type turns
End stove furnace gas temperature controls at 900 DEG C-1100 DEG C, and from cloth, regenerative rotary hearth furnace expects that the discharging operation time is 20-40 minute, contain
Carbon pellets one enters regenerative rotary hearth furnace and i.e. starts high temperature fast restore.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, this accumulation of heat
The feature of formula rotary hearth furnace combustion system is as follows: 1, heat-supplying mode is multiple spot heat supply, i.e. burner arranges many 1 times of more conventional rotary hearth furnace；
2, the supply coal gas of regenerative rotary hearth furnace or natural gas line are in the bottom of burner, combustion air on the top of burner, thus
Rotary hearth furnace carbonaceous pelletizing top is formed together " air curtain ", and this air curtain hinders the weak oxide atmosphere on regenerative rotary hearth furnace top,
The pelletizing reducing or reducing is kept apart, near regenerative rotary hearth furnace carbonaceous pelletizing, has built strong reducing property gas
Atmosphere, prevents the oxidizing process of rock phosphate in powder；3, the shape of burner have selected duckbilled flat pattern, thus avoids disturbing of combustion-gas flow
Action is used, it is ensured that the strong reducing property atmosphere of carbonaceous pelletizing periphery.4, have employed regenerative combustion technology due to this rotary hearth furnace, make
With inferior or low-rank fuel (>=700kcal/Nm3), reduce fuel cost, can at home and lack natural gas and high-quality combustion
The area popularization of material.Thus, according to embodiment of the present utility model, utilize above-mentioned regenerative rotary hearth furnace at 900-1100 DEG C,
Carry out reduction reaction 20-40 minute.Thus can shorten the reduction reaction time further, in order to phosphoric acid is prepared in raising further
Efficiency.
Have following excellent it addition, the system preparing phosphoric acid of this utility model above-described embodiment compares tradition kiln-process phosphoric acid system
Gesture: (1) Feedstock treating is simple, it is not necessary to wrap up or spray film and can carry out fast restore；(2) can uniformly be distributed into after material pressure ball turn
End stove, improves percent reduction and the response rate of phosphorus in rock phosphate in powder；(3) reduction temperature is low, and only 900 DEG C～1100 DEG C, during reduction
Between short, only 20～40 minutes, energy-saving and cost-reducing；(4) material and furnace bottom geo-stationary, the advantage comparing kiln-process phosphoric acid is not glue
Knot, not ring formation.(5) furnace reduction and the oxidation that are different from kiln-process phosphoric acid complete simultaneously, reduce by force in using stove, and stove is outer (flue)
Unique phosphorous smoke processing system of oxidation, can be with efficient recovery phosphorus, it is achieved phosphoric acid clean production on a large scale.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, fume treatment auxiliary 50 is connected with regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40, and is suitable to
Make phosphorous flue gas generation oxidation reaction, in order to obtain phosphorus pentoxide steam；And absorption tower 60 and fume treatment auxiliary 50 phase
Connect, and be suitable to make phosphorus pentoxide steam react with water, in order to obtain phosphoric acid.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, as in figure 2 it is shown, fume treatment auxiliary 50 includes the sedimentation being sequentially connected
Room 51, heat exchanger 52, cleaner unit 53, wherein, expansion chamber 21 is connected with the phosphorous exhanst gas outlet of regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40, and is suitable to
Phosphorous flue gas is carried out dedusting, in order to isolate slag；Heat exchanger 52 is suitable to cool down phosphorous flue gas；Cleaner unit fit 53 in
Phosphorous flue gas is purified, in order to isolate five phosphorous oxide.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, utilize above-mentioned fume treatment auxiliary 50 and the absorption tower 60 can be to accumulation of heat
In formula rotary hearth furnace 40, the phosphorous flue gas of output processes.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, phosphorous flue gas leads to successively
Cross expansion chamber 51, phosphorous flue gas is processed by heat exchanger 52, cleaner unit 53.Specifically, to phosphorous flue gas in expansion chamber 51
Carry out dedusting, in order to isolate slag；Be suitable to phosphorous flue gas is cooled down at heat exchanger 52；53 are fitted in phosphorous at cleaner unit
Flue gas purifies, in order to isolate five phosphorous oxide.From there through above-mentioned removing slag, cooling, dedusting processing procedure in, contain
Phosphorus generation oxidation reaction in phosphorus flue gas so that generate phosphorus pentoxide steam, the phosphorous solid slag of isolated in dust removal process
Can be with doing phosphate fertilizer.
According to concrete example of the present utility model, further to five oxidations purified and oxidation obtains in absorption tower 60
Two phosphorus react with water and prepare phosphoric acid.Thus utilize said system of the present utility model to complete and prepared phosphorus by rock phosphate in powder
Acid process, can be effectively improved efficiency and the product preparing phosphoric acid according to the system preparing phosphoric acid of this utility model embodiment
Rate.
Using the system preparing phosphoric acid of the above-mentioned specific embodiment of this utility model, first, the process of raw material includes utilizing
Raw material is pulverized by reducing mechanism 70 respectively, and mixes in dry type batch mixer 11 and wet type batch mixer 12, and entrance is made
It is dried in entering dehydrator 30 after carrying out pelletizing in ball machine 20.Secondly, dried material is distributed in regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40
Carrying out reduction reaction, the phosphorus in rock phosphate in powder is reduced out, enters flue gas processing device 50, phosphorous cigarette with the form of phosphorous flue gas
Gas passes sequentially through expansion chamber 51, phosphorous flue gas is processed by heat exchanger 52, cleaner unit 53.Last anti-with water in absorption tower 60
Phosphoric acid should be generated.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the phosphorous flue gas temperature discharged in regenerative rotary hearth furnace 40
More than 900 DEG C, wherein containing part dust, first pass around expansion chamber 51 and settle out phosphorus slag, the most phosphorous flue gas keeps certain
Phosphorous flue gas at 600 DEG C～650 DEG C, is passed through dedusting through heat exchanger 52, the phosphorous flue-gas temperature after heat exchange by flow velocity further
Device 53, owing to phosphorous flue gas part during transmitting is oxidized to five phosphorous oxide, therefore can be by cleaner unit 53 by phosphorous
Five phosphorous oxide removings in flue gas.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is possible to use prepared by five phosphorous oxide after removing
Phosphate fertilizer, thus can improve this additional output value preparing phosphoric acid system further.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, on
State the phosphorous flue-gas temperature through cleaner unit 53 still more than 600 DEG C, be passed into absorption tower 60 and prepare phosphoric acid with hydrate.Inhale
Receive tower 60 expellant gas and can enter air after washing tail gas device.Thus pass through from reduction furnace 200 flue gas out
Expansion chamber 51, heat exchanger 52, cleaner unit 53 so that enter the P in the phosphorous flue gas on absorption tower 602O5Purity is higher, can obtain height
The phosphoric acid of quality.Due to P2O5Fusing point is 562 DEG C, and sublimation temperature is 605 DEG C, and therefore this system preparing phosphoric acid is configured with high temperature
Cleaner unit 53 can carry out dedusting to the phosphorous flue gas of high temperature effectively.Thus can improve the matter preparing phosphoric acid further
Amount.
Understand the system preparing phosphoric acid of this this utility model above-described embodiment for convenience, below to utilizing this system system
The method of standby sulphuric acid is described.As it is shown on figure 3, the method specifically includes following steps:
(1) rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are mixed, in order to obtain mixed material.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the mass ratio of above-mentioned raw materials i.e. rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst
Being not particularly restricted, according to concrete example of the present utility model, its mass ratio can be 100:(15-20): (1-2).Thus
So that add the reducing agent of this mass range and catalyst can reach the abundant reduction to rock phosphate in powder, and avoid money
Source is wasted.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned mass ratio is that inventor surprisingly obtains through test of many times.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned reducing agent is not particularly restricted, according to of the present utility model
Specific embodiment, reducing agent can be non-coke coal, and described non-coke coal is anthracite and/or semi-coke.Thus can save former
The cost of material reducing agent, is capable of the efficient reduction of rock phosphate in powder simultaneously.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, utilize non-
Coke coal as reducing agent so that the method is applicable to high yield to prepare phosphoric acid, therefore equally lacking coke area
The method has bigger market potential.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, catalyst can be the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, and preferably
Mass ratio be sodium carbonate: sodium sulfate is 2:1.Addition is only 1-2 mass % of mixed material, and more conventional kiln-process phosphoric acid adds
Enter more than 50% the catalytic amount such as Silicon stone much less, not only reduce the fuel cost of heating, can promote further simultaneously
The reducing agent reduction to rock phosphate in powder, in order to improving the efficiency of rock phosphate in powder reduction further, the efficiency of phosphoric acid is prepared in raising.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the above-mentioned method preparing phosphoric acid farther includes: by rock phosphate in powder, reduction
Before agent and catalyst mix, respectively described rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are carried out pulverization process；Wherein,
In the particulate matter being mixed to get after pulverization process, the granularity granule less than 38 microns accounts for the 80-90 matter of described particulate matter
Amount %.Thus can improve rock phosphate in powder and reducing agent and the contact area of catalyst further, in order to improve phosphorus ore further
The reduction efficiency of stone.
(2) described mixed material is carried out pelletizing process, in order to obtain spherical material；
(3) described spherical material is dried, in order to obtain being dried spherical material.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, before pelletizing processes, granular phosphorus Ore after pulverizing in advance,
Reducing agent and catalyst mix according to the following step.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, described rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are dry mixed, in order to
Obtain material is dry mixed；The described material that is dry mixed is carried out wet mixing, in order to obtain described mixed material, wherein, during described wet mixing
Add binding agent.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, the mixing that said mixture carries out dry blend wet mixing process successively sets
Standby for intensive mixer, revolving drum or muller batch mixer, first it is dry mixed, carries out wet mixing afterwards, add viscous during wet mixing
Knot agent, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, the addition of binding agent is 1-3 mass % that material is dry mixed, binding agent
Kind is not particularly restricted, and according to concrete example of the present utility model, binding agent can be inorganic binder, such as bentonite
Deng, it is also possible to it is organic binder bond, such as molasses, polyvinyl alcohol etc., causes pelletizing through agglomeration equipment, according to of the present utility model
Concrete example, agglomeration equipment is disc balling machine or ball press, pelletizing shape or be spherical shape or for oval spherical or for square
Bulk.The pelletizing prepared sends into drying machine drying via belt, and described dehydrator is chain comb dehydrator or cylinder baking
Dry machine, the pelletizing after drying is through screening, and screening plant can be bar grizzl(e)y or cylinder roller screen, returns less than the material of 3mm grade
Agglomeration system, on sieve, qualified carbonaceous pelletizing is transported to the feed bin on reduction apparatus top by belt feeder.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, by above-mentioned steps successively to the material before reduction reaction at
Reason, carries out pulverization process to rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst in advance, and in the mixed material after pulverizing, granularity is less than 38 microns
Granule account for the 80%-90% of whole granule.And according to concrete example of the present utility model, by obtained mixture successively
Carry out dry blend wet mixing process, and the pelletizing prepared further by dry blend wet mixing.Above-mentioned a series of by using
Pre-treatment can improve rock phosphate in powder and reducing agent and the contact area of catalyst further, in order to improves rock phosphate in powder further
Reduction efficiency.
(4) described spherical material is carried out reduction reaction in regenerative rotary hearth furnace, in order to obtain phosphorous flue gas and slag.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, use regenerative rotary hearth furnace that rock phosphate in powder is reduced.Utilize accumulation of heat
The combustion system of formula rotary hearth furnace uniqueness can be compared with rotary kiln and can seek in rotary hearth furnace by relatively other reduction furnaces such as tunnel cave
Producing strong reducing property atmosphere to reduce rock phosphate in powder, in rock phosphate in powder, the percent reduction of phosphorus is more than 95%.According to of the present utility model
Specific embodiment, reduction furnace uses regenerative rotary hearth furnace, and the carbonaceous pelletizing in feed bin, via three vibrations distributing device cloth equably
Putting on the internal ring of regenerative rotary hearth furnace, medium ring and outer shroud siege, the thickness of feed layer on siege is 20-140mm, and heat accumulating type turns the end
Stove furnace gas temperature controls at 900 DEG C-1100 DEG C, and from cloth, regenerative rotary hearth furnace expects that the discharging operation time is 20-40 minute, carbon containing
Pelletizing one enters regenerative rotary hearth furnace and i.e. starts high temperature fast restore.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, this heat accumulating type
The feature of rotary hearth furnace combustion system is as follows: 1, heat-supplying mode is multiple spot heat supply, i.e. burner arranges many 1 times of more conventional rotary hearth furnace；2、
The coal gas of supply regenerative rotary hearth furnace or natural gas line are in the bottom of burner, and combustion air is on the top of burner, thus is turning
Stove carbonaceous pelletizing top, the end is formed together " air curtain ", and this air curtain hinders the weak oxide atmosphere on regenerative rotary hearth furnace top, will
The pelletizing reduced or reduce is kept apart, and has built strong reducing property atmosphere near regenerative rotary hearth furnace carbonaceous pelletizing,
Prevent the oxidizing process of rock phosphate in powder；3, the shape of burner have selected duckbilled flat pattern, thus avoids the disturbance of combustion-gas flow
Effect, it is ensured that the strong reducing property atmosphere of carbonaceous pelletizing periphery.4, have employed regenerative combustion technology due to this rotary hearth furnace, use
Poor quality or low-rank fuel (>=700kcal/Nm3), reduce fuel cost, can at home and lack natural gas and high-grade fuel
Area popularization.Thus, according to embodiment of the present utility model, utilize above-mentioned regenerative rotary hearth furnace at 900-1100 DEG C, enter
Row reduction reaction 20-40 minute.Thus can shorten the reduction reaction time further, in order to the effect of phosphoric acid is prepared in raising further
Rate.
Have following excellent it addition, the method preparing phosphoric acid of this utility model above-described embodiment compares tradition kiln-process phosphoric acid technique
Gesture: (1) Feedstock treating is simple, it is not necessary to wrap up or spray film and can carry out fast restore；(2) can uniformly be distributed into after material pressure ball turn
End stove, improves percent reduction and the response rate of phosphorus in rock phosphate in powder；(3) reduction temperature is low, and only 900 DEG C～1100 DEG C, during reduction
Between short, only 20～40 minutes, energy-saving and cost-reducing；(4) material and furnace bottom geo-stationary, the advantage comparing kiln-process phosphoric acid is not glue
Knot, not ring formation.(5) furnace reduction and the oxidation that are different from kiln-process phosphoric acid complete simultaneously, reduce by force in using stove, and stove is outer (flue)
Unique phosphorous smoke processing system of oxidation, can be with efficient recovery phosphorus, it is achieved phosphoric acid clean production on a large scale.
(5) described phosphorous flue gas generation oxidation reaction is made, in order to obtain phosphorus pentoxide steam；And
(6) described phosphorus pentoxide steam is made to react with water, in order to obtain phosphoric acid.
According to specific embodiment of the utility model, above-mentioned raw materials i.e. rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are at reduction furnace
In carry out reduction reaction after, obtained phosphorous flue gas and slag.According to specific embodiment of the utility model, further to containing
Phosphorus flue gas processes, including removing slag, cooling, dedusting etc. so that phosphorous flue gas is purified simultaneously in processing procedure
Oxidation reaction occurring so that generate phosphorus pentoxide steam, in dust removal process, the phosphorous solid slag of isolated can be with doing phosphorus
Fertile.
According to concrete example of the present utility model, utilize the phosphorus pentoxide obtained to react with water and prepare phosphoric acid.By
This utilizes said method of the present utility model to complete and is prepared process phosphoric acid by rock phosphate in powder, according to this utility model embodiment
The method preparing phosphoric acid can be effectively improved efficiency and the productivity preparing phosphoric acid.
It addition, according to specific embodiment of the utility model, it is possible to use prepare the slag obtained in process phosphoric acid and prepare
Cement.Thus can improve the method further and prepare the additional output value of phosphoric acid.
The method and system preparing phosphoric acid according to this utility model embodiment further have the advantage that
1, use regenerative rotary hearth furnace, the slag of discharge can be directed or through dispensing and be used for producing cement products；
The phosphorous flue gas using flue gas processing device can go out reduction volatilization continuously aoxidizes, is hydrated recovery, produces high concentration
Phosphoric acid, thus realize the efficient comprehensive reutilization of phosphorus ore.
2, the method and system use mill coal as reducing agent, instead of coke, the cost of conservation reducing agent, fit
For lacking coke area, marketing has a high potential.
3, use regenerative rotary hearth furnace equipment, coordinate HTAC, low calorie fuels can be used (to be more than
700Kcal/Nm3) as the thermal source heated, combustion thermal efficiency is high.
When 4, comparing the tunnel cave ten roasting reduction time of several even tens hours, the rotary kiln reduction of several hours
Between and the problem of easy ring formation, all these all limit tunnel cave and the large-scale production of rotary kiln and properly functioning, accumulation of heat
The time of formula rotary hearth furnace reduction rock phosphate in powder is short, controls at 20-40 minute, is greatly saved the recovery time, and reduction temperature 900 DEG C-
1100 DEG C, low compared with the sintering temperature of tunnel cave and rotary kiln, thus save fuel and operating cost, thus unit year treating capacity
Can be more than 800,000 tons of raw material scales, operating rate the most relatively tunnel cave and rotary kiln are high, be tunnel cave and rotary kiln incomparable.
5, after rock phosphate in powder agglomeration, it is not necessary at surface cover layer or dipping parcel, directly realize high temperature in rotary hearth furnace fast
Speed reduction, reduces process energy consumption, conservation cost.
6, flue gas processing device is further provided with sedimentation device, heat-exchanger rig, dust arrester, absorption plant, tail gas are washed
Wash device so that enter the P in the phosphorous flue gas of absorption plant2O5Purity is higher, can obtain the phosphoric acid of high-quality.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, this utility model is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only
Illustrative, and limit this utility model never in any form.
Embodiment 1
Yunnan rock phosphate in powder raw ore composition is P2O5Accounting for 24.78%, CaO accounts for 38.98%, SiO2Account for 13.56%, Al2O3Account for
1.68%, F account for 2.23%, and anthracite contains fixed carbon 78.92%, and feed proportioning condition is rock phosphate in powder: anthracite: catalyst=
100:18:1.5 (mass fraction), above-mentioned material adds the molasses of the 3% of compound weight in batch mixer mixed process, adds
Amount of water, adjusting mixture moisture is 7%, and through high pressure para-roller ball pressing machine pressure ball, the pelletizing suppressed is long 30mm, wide
20mm, the spheroid of thick about 15mm, to send into chain comb dehydrator afterwards and dry at 240 DEG C, the pelletizing after drying is aqueous little
In 2%, delivering to regenerative rotary hearth furnace and reduce after sieving via belt transfer, controlling air-fuel ratio in rotary hearth furnace is 9.5, preheating
Duan Wendu is 950 DEG C, 5 minutes preheating time, reduction section temperature 1050 DEG C, and 30 minutes recovery times, rotary hearth furnace is expected from cloth
The time of material is 38 minutes.It is 95.38% that test records the percent reduction of phosphorus ore, containing P in the slag that rotary hearth furnace is discharged2O5It is less than
0.65%, cement can be produced as dispensing.Rotary hearth furnace exit gas enters absorption tower water through expansion chamber, heat exchanger, cleaner unit
Close the strong phosphoric acid obtaining phosphoric acid concentration more than 87%.The tail gas that absorption tower is discharged enters air after washing, purifying, meets ring
Protecting index, dust content is less than 20mg/m3。
Embodiment 2
Ningxia phosphorus ore P2O5Accounting for 35%, anthracite fixed carbon content is 77.86%, and feed proportioning condition is rock phosphate in powder: nothing
Bituminous coal: catalyst=100:20:2 (mass fraction), the balling disk (-sc) adding diameter 6 meters after above-mentioned material mix homogeneously carries out disk
Pelletizing, binding agent used by pelletizing is that bentonite accounts for the 1% of compound, pelletizing group of institute moisture Control at 8%-10%, institute's pelletizing
A diameter of 8-12mm, the carbonaceous pelletizing made is distributed into chain comb dehydrator and dries, and dries temperature about 240 DEG C, after drying
Pelletizing is aqueous is less than 2%, sends into regenerative rotary hearth furnace afterwards and reduces, and controlling air-fuel ratio in rotary hearth furnace is 9, preheating section temperature
Be 900 DEG C, 5 minutes preheating time, reduction section temperature 1080 DEG C, 32 minutes recovery times, rotary hearth furnace from cloth expect discharging time
Between be 37 minutes.It is 95.67% that test records the percent reduction of phosphorus ore, containing P in the slag that rotary hearth furnace is discharged2O5Less than 0.53%.Turn the end
Kiln gas enters absorption tower hydration obtain the phosphoric acid concentration strong phosphoric acid more than 88% through expansion chamber, heat exchanger, cleaner unit.
Embodiment 3
Certain phosphorus ore P2O5Content is 29.78%, and semi-coke is more than 75% containing fixed carbon, after above-mentioned drying materials, by dry type ball
Grinder system is levigate, controls the blower pressure of the air classification of dry ball, obtains 38 microns by dust collecting system and accounts for 85%
The raw material of left and right.It is rock phosphate in powder according to mass fraction proportioning: semi-coke: catalyst=100:18:1.8 carries out dispensing, the thing prepared
Material send into intensive mixer mixing, in mixed process add bentonite 2%, compound through pressure ball, dry, sieve after the lowest
Being distributed into rotary hearth furnace to reduce, rotary hearth furnace preheating section temperature controls at about 920 DEG C, reduction section temperature 1090 DEG C, total reduction
Time is 40 minutes.The percent reduction of phosphorus ore reaches 95.98%, and rotary hearth furnace gets rid of slag containing P2O5It is about 0.45%, the stove of discharge
Slag temperature is about 700 DEG C, delivers to drying system and use or use as combustion air after air heat-exchanging device preheated air,
Levigate extremely-325 mesh of slag addition limestone after cooling account for about 90% and directly make cement products.Rotary hearth furnace flue gas is through heavy
Fall room, heat exchanger, cleaner unit enter absorption tower hydration and obtain the phosphoric acid concentration strong phosphoric acid more than 88%.
In this utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " connection ", " Gu
Fixed " etc. term should be interpreted broadly, connect for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be
Concrete meaning in this utility model.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example " or the description of " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes specific features, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present utility model or example.In this manual, the schematic table to above-mentioned term
State and be not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be
Any one or more embodiments or example combine in an appropriate manner.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiment of the present utility model, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is
Exemplary, it is impossible to it is interpreted as that those of ordinary skill in the art is without departing from this utility model to restriction of the present utility model
Principle and objective in the case of above-described embodiment can be changed in the range of this utility model, revise, replace and
Modification.
Claims (4)
1. the system preparing phosphoric acid, it is characterised in that including:
Mixing apparatus, described mixing apparatus is suitable to mix rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst, in order to obtain mixture
Material；
Pelletizer, described pelletizer is connected with described mixing apparatus, and is suitable to described mixed material is carried out pelletizing process, in order to
Obtain spherical material；
Dehydrator, described dehydrator is connected with described pelletizer, and is suitable to be dried described spherical material；
Regenerative rotary hearth furnace, described regenerative rotary hearth furnace is connected with described dehydrator, and is suitable to through described dry spherical
Material carries out reduction reaction, in order to obtain phosphorous flue gas and slag；
Fume treatment auxiliary, described fume treatment auxiliary is connected with described regenerative rotary hearth furnace, and is suitable to make described phosphorous flue gas
There is oxidation reaction, in order to obtain phosphorus pentoxide steam；And
Absorption tower, described absorption tower is connected with described fume treatment auxiliary, and is suitable to make described phosphorus pentoxide steam anti-with water
Should, in order to obtain phosphoric acid.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that farther include:
Reducing mechanism, described reducing mechanism is connected with described mixing apparatus, and it is suitable to enter rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst
Before row mixing, respectively described rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and catalyst are carried out pulverization process.
System the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described mixing apparatus includes:
Dry type batch mixer, described dry type batch mixer is connected with described reducing mechanism, and be suitable to by described rock phosphate in powder, reducing agent and
Catalyst is dry mixed, in order to obtain material is dry mixed；
Wet type batch mixer, described wet type batch mixer has binding agent entrance, described wet type batch mixer and described dry type batch mixer phase
Connect, and be suitable to the described material that is dry mixed is carried out wet mixing, in order to obtain described mixed material.
System the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described fume treatment auxiliary includes the sedimentation being sequentially connected
Room, heat exchanger and cleaner unit,
Wherein, described expansion chamber is connected with the phosphorous exhanst gas outlet of described regenerative rotary hearth furnace；Described heat exchanger is suitable to described
Phosphorous flue gas cools down；Described cleaner unit is suitable to purify described phosphorous flue gas, in order to isolate five phosphorous oxide.
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