CN102642027B - Process for producing reduced iron powder - Google Patents
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- CN102642027B CN102642027B CN201210105376.XA CN201210105376A CN102642027B CN 102642027 B CN102642027 B CN 102642027B CN 201210105376 A CN201210105376 A CN 201210105376A CN 102642027 B CN102642027 B CN 102642027B
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000012459 muffins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001608 iron mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylidyneiron Chemical compound [Fe]#P DPTATFGPDCLUTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
An efficiency energy-saving process for producing reduced iron powder is implemented through the technical scheme as follows: firstly, the process comprises the following steps of: 1) dosing high-purity iron concentrate fines/mill scales, a reducing agent and an adhesive according to certain proportions, mixing all the materials together and subjecting the mixture to wet grinding treatment, and forming the ground mixture into green balls through pelletizing/pressing into ball; 2) after the green balls are screened and dried, putting the green balls in a rotary hearth furnace for primary reduction, thereby obtaining sponge iron, wherein as the iron core powder is in direct contact with the reducing agent, the reducing speed is high, the time consumed is short and the production efficiency is high; and the high temperature smoke at 1000-1100 DEG C of the rotary hearth furnace enters a smoke waste heat recovery system, thereby realizing efficiency utilization of heat energy; and 3) after performing crashing, magnetic selection and screening on the sponge iron, performing secondary reduction in a steel strip type reducing furnace, and performing crashing, screening and blending on the obtained powder cake, thereby obtaining the reduced iron powder; and 4) the process for producing the reduced iron powder effectively solves the problems of low reduced iron powder productivity, poor quality stability, low heat utilization ratio, high working intensity, bad working environment and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy-efficient reduced iron powder production technology, belong to powder metallurgy production technical field.
Background technology
The production procedure of Powder Metallurgy Industry reduced iron powder is commonly: the broken → magnetic separation → screening → classification → batch mixing → packing → finished product of reduction → sponge iron → the clean with water → fragmentation → magnetic separation → secondary reduction → powder agglomates of (iron ore concentrate, steel scale of steel rolling etc.) → oven dry → magnetic separation → pulverizing → screening → tinning → once → separate.
For this flow process of generally using, have the following disadvantages:
(1) production efficiency is low, quality is unstable.In tinning operation, reducing agent is contained in respectively in different harness from iron ore concentrate, and once reduction is main realizes by indirect reduction, and reduction rate is slow, the recovery time is long, and half-cooked, burn-off phenomenon happens occasionally, and makes reduced iron powder quality stability relatively poor.And the operation of once reducing generally completes in tunnel cave, kiln car needs outerly to try hard to recommend into or to pull out tunnel cave, thereby kiln car can not do too greatly, and tunnel cave production capacity is limited.
(2) heat utilization rate is low.The tunnel cave high temperature section temperature of producing sponge iron is generally more than 1150 ℃, and the residual heat value that whole system of bf body produces is very large, and except a very little part is for plant area's heating, all the other heats are outer row all, has caused the significant wastage of heat energy.And in outer row's thermal current, contain a lot of subparticle compositions, meeting contaminated air, aggravating working environment.
(3) poor working environment.Produce the raw materials used granularity of sponge iron all very little, in the process of hand charging, discharging, the dust raising phenomenon of appearance is comparatively serious, and working environment is very poor, is unfavorable for health.
(4) labour intensity is large.The mode that generally all adopts hand caging, unloads tank at present, a charged tank weighs tens kilograms, causes labor strength larger.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides a kind of reasonable in designly, technique is advanced, can improve production capacity and heat utilization rate, and quality is more stable, can reduce labour intensity and improve a kind of energy-efficient reduced iron powder production technology of working environment.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A reduced iron powder production technology, comprises the following steps:
1, iron-bearing material and reducing agent, binding agent are prepared burden by a certain percentage, mix, moistened after mill processing, through pelletizing or pressure ball, make green-ball.
2, green-ball, after sieving, dry, sieving, enters rotary hearth furnace, in rotary hearth furnace, once reduces, and makes sponge iron.
3, sponge iron is carried out after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, in steel belt type reducing furnace, carries out secondary reduction, gained muffin through broken, sieve, close batch, make reduced iron powder.
Wherein said step 1) in, described iron-bearing material is high-purity refined iron-mineral powder or steel scale of steel rolling, and its performance indications are: TFe >=70%, granularity is less than 74um part >=60%.
Wherein said step 1), in, described reducing agent is coke powder or coal dust, granularity≤1mm.
Wherein said step 1) in, described binding agent is organic binder bond, and granularity is less than 74um part >=80%.Organic binder bond is selected and be take the pellet organic binder bond that sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is main component, and its advantage is to improve iron grade, reduces energy consumption, improves output.
Described step 1), in, batching refers to: the C content according to iron-bearing material containing O amount and reducing agent, and according to mol ratio C: O=1: 1 calculates iron-bearing material and reducing agent proportioning, and binding agent is the 1%-3% of iron-bearing material and reducing agent gross weight.According to the moisture situation of raw material, in the process of batching, add water, the water content that finally makes compound is 7%～10% of compound total amount.
Wherein said step 1) mixing described in claims again batch mixing, and employing can continuous feed, the batch mixer of continuous discharge.
Wherein said step 1), in, described profit mill adopts damp mill to complete.
Preferably, step 1) middle disc balling machine pelletizing or the high-pressure ball press pressure ball of adopting, green-ball diameter is 15mm～40mm.
Wherein said step 2) screening described in and again screening refer to: roller screen, the gap 8-12mm of roller screen are all selected in screening and again screening; On roller screen, pelletizing is referred to as oversize, and oversize directly enters next procedure; Particle under roller screen is referred to as screenings, and screenings returns to step 1) in burden process.
Wherein said step 2) in, green-ball is dried and is adopted chain grate machine, dries the low-temperature flue gas of 250 ℃～350 ℃ that thermal source produces from residual neat recovering system, and drying time is 12～25 minutes; Green-ball moisture content after oven dry is less than 3%.Dust content must meet national standard, and flue gas discharges after entering deduster dedusting.Deduster gained dedusting ash is returned to step 1) in burden process.
Preferably, step 2) in, adopt rotary hearth furnace as a reduction furnace, minutes five sections reduction (prereduction section, reduce one section, reduce two sections, one section of soaking, two sections of soaking), two sections of the reduction of the highest temperature and one section of temperature of soaking are 1230 ℃-1300 ℃.20～35 minutes recovery times.
Preferably, prereduction section temperature is 900 ℃～1100 ℃, the one section of temperature of reducing is 1100 ℃～1230 ℃, the two sections of temperature of reducing are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, one section of temperature of soaking are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, two sections of temperature of soaking are 1100 ℃～1200 ℃.
Rotary hearth furnace gas medium used is coke-stove gas, high coke mixed gas or producer gas.
Wherein said step 2), in, rotary hearth furnace 1000 ℃ of-1100 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas out enter flue gas waste heat recovery system: a road: high-temperature flue gas is preheated to 800-900 ℃ by rotary hearth furnace combustion air used and Secondary Air by heat-exchanger rig.Two tunnels: high-temperature flue gas is converted and entered low-pressure steam generator after cold wind and carry out heat exchange.After two-way heat exchange, the flue gas of 250-350 ℃ returns the green-ball baking operation in step 2 after merging.
Wherein said step 2), in, sponge iron pelletizing temperature is 600 ℃-800 ℃.
Wherein said step 3), in, steel belt type reducing furnace reducing medium used is decomposed ammonia.Reduction temperature is 900～1000 ℃; Recovery time is 30 minutes～120 minutes.
Beneficial effect
Iron Ore Powder directly contacts with reducing agent, and reduction rate is fast, the used time is short, and production efficiency is high.The present invention efficiently solves the problems such as Powder Metallurgy Industry reduced iron powder production production capacity is low, quality stability is poor, heat utilization rate is low, working strength is large, poor working environment, is conducive to carrying out of recycling economy, energy-saving and emission-reduction work.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Adopt TFe content 73.2% high purity iron fine powder, breeze, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by the mass ratio of 80.9: 16.3: 2.8, compound moisture control, in 9% left and right, adopts disc balling machine to make Φ 20mm-Φ 30mm green-ball; Green-ball is hot-air seasoning 15min in 300 ℃ of chain castor dryers, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; Then to entering in rotary hearth furnace to reduce, through five sections of reduction (1250 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 30min, obtain more than 95% sponge iron of TFe content; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and a powder of-200um enters steel belt type reducing furnace, reduces 40-60min under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere, makes muffin; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um >=95, TFe >=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt TFe content 73.2% high purity iron fine powder, coal dust, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by the mass ratio of 80.9: 16.3: 2.8, compound moisture control, in 8% left and right, adopts high-pressure ball press to make the briquetting of 20 * 30 * 40mm; Briquetting is 250 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 20min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; Then send in rotary hearth furnace and reduce, through five sections of reduction (1320 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min, obtain more than 95% sponge iron of TFe content; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and a powder of-200um enters steel belt type reducing furnace, reduces 50-70min under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere, makes muffin; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um >=95, TFe >=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Example 3:
Adopt TFe content 73.5% steel rolling iron phosphorus, coal dust, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by the mass ratio of 81.0: 16.2: 2.8, compound moisture control, in 9% left and right, adopts disc balling machine to make Φ 25mm-Φ 35mm green-ball; Green-ball is 260 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 18min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; Then to entering in rotary hearth furnace to reduce, through five sections of reduction (1320 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min, obtain more than 95% sponge iron of TFe content; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and a powder of-200um enters steel belt type reducing furnace, reduces 50-60min under 920 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere, makes muffin; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um >=95, TFe >=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt TFe content 73.5% steel rolling iron phosphorus, breeze, organic binder bond to carry out batch mixing by the mass ratio of 81.0: 16.2: 2.8, compound moisture control is in 8% left and right, and high-pressure ball press makes the briquetting of 20 * 30 * 40mm; Briquetting is 230 ℃ of hot-air seasoning 22min in chain castor dryer, and moisture content is taken off to below 3%; Then to entering in rotary hearth furnace to reduce, through five sections of reduction (1350 ℃ of the highest reduction temperatures) 28min, obtain more than 95% sponge iron of TFe content; Sponge iron is after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, and a powder of-200um enters steel belt type reducing furnace, reduces 40-60min under 950 ℃, ammonia dissolving atmosphere, makes muffin; Muffin is broken, sieve, close batch, make the high-quality reduced iron powder of granularity-150um >=95, TFe >=98.5%, hydrogen loss≤0.25%.
Claims (7)
1. a reduced iron powder production technology, comprises the following steps:
1) iron-bearing material and reducing agent, binding agent are prepared burden by a certain percentage, mix, moistened after mill processing, through pelletizing or pressure ball, make green-ball; Batching refers to: the C content according to iron-bearing material containing O amount and reducing agent, according to mol ratio C:O=1:1, calculate iron-bearing material and reducing agent proportioning, and binding agent is the 1%-3% of iron-bearing material and reducing agent gross weight; In the process of batching, add water, the water content that finally makes compound is 7% ~ 10% of compound gross weight;
Described mixing claims again batch mixing, and employing can continuous feed, the batch mixer of continuous discharge;
Described profit mill adopts damp mill to complete;
2) green-ball, after sieving, dry, sieving, enters rotary hearth furnace, in rotary hearth furnace, once reduces, and makes sponge iron; Adopt rotary hearth furnace as a reduction furnace, minute five sections of reduction, described five sections be reduced to prereduction section, reduce one section, reduce two sections of two sections, one section of soaking and soaking, 20～35 minutes recovery times;
Prereduction section temperature is 900 ℃～1100 ℃, the one section of temperature of reducing is 1100 ℃～1230 ℃, the two sections of temperature of reducing are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, one section of temperature of soaking are that 1230 ℃-1350 ℃, two sections of temperature of soaking are 1100 ℃～1200 ℃;
Rotary hearth furnace gas medium used is coke-stove gas, high coke mixed gas or producer gas;
3) sponge iron is carried out after fragmentation, magnetic separation, screening, in steel belt type reducing furnace, carries out secondary reduction, gained muffin through broken, sieve, close batch, make reduced iron powder;
In wherein said step 1), described iron-bearing material is high-purity refined iron-mineral powder or steel scale of steel rolling, and its performance indications are: TFe >=70%, granularity is less than 74um part >=60%.
2. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: wherein, in step 1), described reducing agent is coke powder or coal dust, granularity≤1mm;
Wherein, in step 1), described binding agent is organic binder bond, and granularity is less than 74um part >=80%.
3. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 1), adopt disc balling machine pelletizing or high-pressure ball press pressure ball, green-ball diameter is 15mm～40mm.
4. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the screening wherein said step 2) and again screening refer to: roller screen, the gap 8-12mm of roller screen are all selected in screening and again screening; On roller screen, pelletizing is referred to as oversize, and oversize directly enters next procedure; Particle under roller screen is referred to as screenings, and screenings returns to the burden process in step 1);
Wherein said step 2) in, green-ball is dried and is adopted chain grate machine, dries the low-temperature flue gas of 250 ℃～350 ℃ that thermal source produces from residual neat recovering system, and drying time is 12～25 minutes; Green-ball moisture content after oven dry is less than 3%; Dust content must meet national standard, and flue gas discharges after entering deduster dedusting, and deduster gained dedusting ash is returned to the burden process in step 1).
5. the reduced iron powder production technology as described in claim 1～4 any one, it is characterized in that: described step 2), rotary hearth furnace 1000 ℃ of-1100 ℃ of high-temperature flue gas out enter flue gas waste heat recovery system: a road: high-temperature flue gas is preheated to 800-900 ℃ by rotary hearth furnace combustion air used and Secondary Air by heat-exchanger rig; Two tunnels: high-temperature flue gas is converted and entered low-pressure steam generator after cold wind and carry out heat exchange; After two-way heat exchange, the flue gas of 250-350 ℃ returns step 2 after merging) in green-ball baking operation.
6. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2), sponge iron pelletizing temperature is 600 ℃-800 ℃.
?
7. reduced iron powder production technology as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3), steel belt type reducing furnace reducing medium used is decomposed ammonia; Reduction temperature is 900～1000 ℃; Recovery time is 30 minutes～120 minutes.
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| CN103042223B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-09 | 宁夏众磊鑫科技实业有限公司 | A kind of production technology of reduced iron powder |
| CN102994679A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-03-27 | 武汉桂坤科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for producing high-quality sponge iron for reduced iron powder |
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| CN112974825B (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2024-05-24 | 安徽马钢粉末冶金有限公司 | Reduction method of iron ore powder |
| CN114058763B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-11-04 | 宝武环科武汉金属资源有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-compressibility reduced iron powder |
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