CN205674809U - A kind of heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car - Google Patents
A kind of heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car Download PDFInfo
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- CN205674809U CN205674809U CN201620344369.9U CN201620344369U CN205674809U CN 205674809 U CN205674809 U CN 205674809U CN 201620344369 U CN201620344369 U CN 201620344369U CN 205674809 U CN205674809 U CN 205674809U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the heat pump type air conditioning system of a kind of fuel cell car, including heat exchanger, choke valve, car external heat exchanger, methanol-water store container, delivery pump, reformer, fuel cell, electric power coversion system, automobile motor and air residual air blender in compressor, four-way change-over valve, car；Reformer produces high temperature residual air, and row is to air residual air blender or the external world；Air residual air blender, for outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to car external heat exchanger；Fuel cell, for hydrogen and oxygen generation electrochemical reaction, produces electric energy output；Electric power coversion system, for being converted to load required electricity the electric energy of fuel cell output, is that compressor, delivery pump and automobile motor are powered.The utility model, under heating condition, when outdoor air is less than 5 DEG C, remains to work normally and efficiently, evaporimeter will not frosting, and the utility model can meet automobile motor and power, and noise is little, it is low to consume energy, not contaminated air environment.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to automobile air conditioning technology field, particularly to the heat pump air conditioner system of a kind of fuel cell car
System.
Background technology
At present, overwhelming majority automobiles are all with gasoline, diesel oil as fuel, not only consume substantial amounts of petroleum resources, and vapour
Tail gas causes serious atmosphere pollution.For tackling this resource problem and environmental problem, the exploitation of electric automobile becomes very
Important.Electric automobile refers to vehicle power as power, drives the vehicle of wheels travel with motor.Electric automobile includes pure electronic
Automobile, hybrid vehicle and fuel cell car.In the prior art, fuel cell car refers to that being equipped with fuel cell makees
For obtaining the electric automobile of the power supply of driving force, the technology of fuel cell car can refer to this creator on December 31st, 2014
201410845114.6 1 kinds of fuel cell cars of patent of application, and patent filed in 3 days April in 2015
201510156668.X many combined independents alcohol water hydrogen-generating fuel cell automobile.Fuel cell car is as fuel-engined vehicle, also
Need air-conditioning system is installed.
Air-conditioning system as improve driver's condition of work, improve operating efficiency, improve vehicle safety and for occupant seek
Make the important means of healthy comfortable environment by bus, for fuel-engined vehicle and electric automobile, be all requisite.Electronic vapour
Air conditioning system for vehicle, compared with common automobile (internal combustion engine driving) air-conditioning, causes a series of new change due to prime mover difference
Change.It is mainly reflected in: 1) compressor of common automotive air-conditioning system relies on engine to be driven by an electromagnetic clutch, and
Air Condition Compressor for Electric Vehicle carries motor and independently drives；2) electric automobile is not used for the engine exhaust heat of heating, it is impossible to
There is provided the thermal source as air conditioning for automobiles heating in winter, it is necessary to self there is the function of heating, i.e. require refrigeration, heat way traffic
Automobile-used heat pump type air conditioner system.
Automobile-used heat pump type air conditioner system principle utilizes inverse Carnot's principle exactly, and under heating condition, in car, heat exchanger is cold
Condenser, car external heat exchanger is evaporimeter, and in environment thermal energy from outdoor air for the evaporimeter, draw heat is with evaporation heat transfer working medium,
Refrigerant vapor pressure and temperature after compressor compression rises, and when high-temperature vapour is condensed into liquid by condenser, discharges
Heat passes to the interior space by heat, and condensed heat-transfer working medium returns to evaporimeter by expansion valve, is then evaporated again,
So move in circles.Under cooling condition, car external heat exchanger is condenser, and in car, heat exchanger is evaporimeter, and evaporimeter is in car
In heat energy in the air of space, draw heat is with evaporation heat transfer working medium, and refrigerant vapor is after compressor compression on pressure and temperature
Rising, when high-temperature vapour is condensed into liquid by condenser, the heat discharging is transferred to outdoor, and condensed heat-transfer working medium passes through
Expansion valve returns to evaporimeter, is then evaporated again, so moves in circles.
But, the shortcoming of automobile-used heat pump type air conditioner system be car outer air temperature lower when heating load less, particularly when
When car outer air temperature is less than-5 DEG C, heat pump is just difficult to normally work, and needs electricity consumption or other auxiliary thermal sources to add air
Heat, the efficiency of heat pump is substantially reduced.Automobile-used heat pump type air conditioner system is under heating condition, and meeting frosting on evaporimeter, needs are periodically
Defrosting, defrosting building block technique can refer to the defrosting side for air source heat pump system for the Chinese patent application 201210152219.4
Method, 201410108455.5 1 kinds of defrosting control method for heat pump air conditioner and heat pump type air conditioning system, air source heat pump increases defrosting mould
After block, not only stability reduces, maintenance cost increases, and loses a large portion energy.
Utility model content
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of fuel cell
The heat pump type air conditioning system of automobile, this heat pump type air conditioning system, under heating condition, when car outer air is less than-5 DEG C, remains to normally and efficiently
Work, also will not frosting on evaporimeter, it is not necessary to periodically defrost, and this heat pump type air conditioning system is while meeting power itself,
Can also power for automobile motor, noise is little, it is low to consume energy, not contaminated air environment.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the utility model is: the heat pump air conditioner of a kind of fuel cell car
System, including heat exchanger, choke valve, car external heat exchanger, methanol-water store container, conveying in compressor, four-way change-over valve, car
Pump, reformer, fuel cell, electric power coversion system, automobile motor and air residual air blender；Described compressor, four-way commutation
Form the working medium conveying loop of heat pump type air conditioning system between heat exchanger, choke valve and car external heat exchanger in valve, car；Described methanol-water
Storing containers store has the methanol-water raw material of liquid；Described delivery pump is for leading to the methanol-water raw material that methanol-water stores in container
Cross conveyance conduit and be pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer；Reformer is provided with reformer chamber, hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber and exhaust chimney
Mouthful, described reformer chamber reacts the mixed gas preparing hydrogen and carbon dioxide, institute for methyl alcohol and steam generation reformation hydrogen production
Stating hydrogen purification apparatus for isolating prepared hydrogen, this hydrogen transfers to fuel cell, and described combustion chamber is for partly preparing
Hydrogen and outside air in oxygen combustion, the operation for reformer provides heat；After described hydrogen purification apparatus separates
Carbon dioxide, the unburned gas in hydrogen and oxygen burning produces in combustion chamber steam and outside air be mixed into high temperature
Residual air, arranges to air residual air blender or the external world from exhaust chimney mouth；Described air residual air blender is for by outside air and height
Temperature residual air is mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to car external heat exchanger；Described fuel cell is sent out with the oxygen in air for hydrogen
Raw electrochemical reaction, produces electric energy output；Described electric power coversion system is for being converted to load by the electric energy of fuel cell output
Required electricity, is that compressor, delivery pump and automobile motor are powered；Described automobile motor rotates for axle shaft and makes automobile
Travel.
Preferably, described working medium conveying loop is provided with the check-valves for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state, described
Choke valve includes main capillary and secondary capillary, and wherein secondary capillary is in parallel with check-valves；On described working medium conveying loop also
It is provided with filter and silencer.
Preferably, described working medium conveying loop is provided with electric expansion valve, filter and silencer.
Preferably, it is provided with reversal valve between described exhaust chimney mouth and air residual air blender, under heating condition state, from
Exhaust chimney mouth discharge high temperature residual air through reversal valve heel row to air residual air blender, under cooling condition state, from exhaust chimney
The high temperature residual air that mouth is discharged is through reversal valve heel row outwardly.
Preferably, described air residual air blender is provided with fan and temperature inductor, and fan is for by outside air fan-in
Air residual air blender, temperature inductor is for detecting the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender, this gaseous mixture body temperature
Degree scope is 15～60 DEG C.
Preferably, the conveyance conduit between described delivery pump and reformer is provided with heat exchanger, and the first alcohol and water of low temperature is former
Material, in heat exchanger, carries out heat exchange with the high-temperature hydrogen of reformer output, and first alcohol and water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature drops
Low.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, plating
Film layer is palladium-silver.
Preferably, the heat pump type air conditioning system of described fuel cell car also includes buffer battery, this buffer battery
Charging end connects electric power coversion system, and this buffer battery can be powered for automobile motor.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: one, the utility model meet heat pump air conditioner power while, moreover it is possible to full
Foot automobile motor is powered, and under the supply ensureing alcohol water fuel, can long-acting power；Two, the utility model use methyl alcohol and
Water carries out reformation hydrogen production as raw material, recycles fuel cell power generation, without waste residue and pollution of harmful waste gas, cleaning, does not affect people
Body is healthy, and methyl alcohol wide material sources, are regenerative resources, and reformer and fuel cell noise is little, it is low to consume energy；Three, heating
It under operating mode, owing to high temperature residual air is arranged to air residual air blender, and is mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfers to outside car
Heat exchanger, now, car external heat exchanger is evaporimeter, in car external heat exchanger, middle temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, change into low
Discharge, therefore, at any Cryogenic air environment (air ambients of such as less than-5 DEG C), the equal energy of heat pump air conditioner after temperature mixed gas
Work normally and efficiently；Four, under heating condition, input due to car external heat exchanger (i.e. evaporimeter) is middle temperature mixed gas,
Therefore also will not frosting, it is not necessary to periodically defrost；Five, the utility model makes the high temperature residual air heat of reformer be obtained by, from
And improve the utilization ratio of methanol-water raw material, meanwhile, after high temperature residual air mixes with outside air, heat pump air conditioner can be simultaneously
Utilize the heat of high temperature residual air and outside air so that the more energy efficient power saving of heat pump air conditioner.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is overall structure block diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure block diagram of another embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings structural principle of the present utility model and operation principle are described in further detail.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the heat pump type air conditioning system of a kind of fuel cell car, including compressor the 1st, four-way change-over valve
2nd, in car, the 9th, heat exchanger the 3rd, choke valve the 4th, car external heat exchanger the 5th, methanol-water stores container the 6th, delivery pump the 7th, reformer the 8th, fuel cell
Electric power coversion system the 10th, automobile motor 17 and air residual air blender 11；Heat exchange in described compressor the 1st, four-way change-over valve the 2nd, car
Device the 3rd, between choke valve 4 and car external heat exchanger 5 formed heat pump air conditioner working medium conveying loop, in the working medium conveying loop of Fig. 1,
Dotted arrow represents heating condition, and solid arrow represents cooling condition；Described methanol-water stores the methyl alcohol that container 6 stores liquid
Water raw material；Described delivery pump 7 is delivered to reform by conveyance conduit pump 7 for methanol-water stores the methanol-water raw material in container 6
The reformer chamber of device 8；Reformer 8 is provided with reformer chamber, hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber and exhaust chimney mouth, and the structure of reformer can be joined
Chinese patent application the 201410311217.4th, the 201410621689.X that applies for before this according to the applicant and
201510476342.5, described reformer chamber reacts prepared hydrogen and carbon dioxide for methyl alcohol and steam generation reformation hydrogen production
Mixed gas, the temperature of reformer chamber is 300-570 DEG C of temperature, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyst, at reformer chamber, methyl alcohol and water
Steam passes through catalyst under the pressure condition of 1-5M Pa, under the effect of catalyst, methanol decomposition reaction and an oxidation occurs
The transformationreation of carbon, generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and this is component more than, the gas solid catalytic reaction system of many reactions, reaction
Equation is: (1) CH3OH→CO+2H2、(2)H2O+CO→CO2+H2 、(3)CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2, reforming reaction generates
H2And CO2, described hydrogen purification apparatus is for isolating prepared hydrogen, and this hydrogen transfers to fuel cell 9, and described combustion chamber is used
Oxygen combustion in the hydrogen that part prepares with outside air, the operation for reformer 8 provides heat；Described hydrogen purification fills
Put the carbon dioxide after separation, the unburned gas in hydrogen and oxygen burning produces in combustion chamber steam and outside air
It is mixed into high temperature residual air, arrange to air residual air blender 11 or the external world from exhaust chimney mouth；Described air residual air blender 11 is used for
Outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfer to car external heat exchanger 5；Described fuel cell 9 is used for hydrogen
With the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produce electric energy output, the anode at fuel cell 9: 2H2→4H++4e-, H2Point
Being cleaved into two protons and two electronics, proton passes through PEM (PEM), and electronics passes through positive plate, by external loading, and
Enter cathode bipolar plate；Negative electrode at fuel cell 9: O2+4e-+4H+→2H2O, proton, electronics and O2Recombine to be formed
H2O；Described electric power coversion system 10, for being converted to load required electricity the electric energy that fuel cell 9 exports, is compressor
1st, delivery pump 7 and automobile motor 17 are powered；Described automobile motor 17 rotates for axle shaft and makes running car.
As it is shown in figure 1, described working medium conveying loop is provided with the check-valves 12 for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state,
Described choke valve 4 includes main capillary 41 and secondary capillary 42, and wherein secondary capillary 42 is in parallel with check-valves 12；Described working medium
It is additionally provided with filter 13 and silencer 14 on conveying loop.Certainly, working medium transport road also can be as in figure 2 it is shown, described working medium carries
Loop is provided with electric expansion valve the 19th, filter 13 and silencer 14.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it is provided with reversal valve 15 between described exhaust chimney mouth and air residual air blender 11, heating
Under work condition state, from the high temperature residual air of exhaust chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve 15 heel row to air residual air blender 11, high temperature residual air
After mixing with outside air, heat pump air conditioner can utilize the heat of high temperature residual air and outside air simultaneously so that heat pump air conditioner more saves
Energy power saving, usually, in the heat that heat pump air conditioner utilizes, outside air heat accounting 40%-90%, high temperature residual air accounting 10%-
60%.Under cooling condition state, from the high temperature residual air of exhaust chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve 15 heel row outwardly.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described air residual air blender 11 is provided with fan and temperature inductor, and fan is used for will outward
Boundary's air fan-in air residual air blender 11, temperature inductor is for detecting the gaseous mixture body temperature in air residual air blender 11
Degree, this mixed gas temperature range is 15～60 DEG C.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the conveyance conduit between described delivery pump 7 and reformer 8 is provided with heat exchanger 16, low temperature
First alcohol and water raw material in heat exchanger 16, with reformer output high-temperature hydrogen carry out heat exchange, first alcohol and water material temperature liter
Height, hydrogen temperature reduces.
Described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium
Silver alloy, the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the heat pump type air conditioning system of described fuel cell car also includes buffer battery 18, and this delays
The charging end rushing battery 18 connects electric power coversion system 10, and this buffer battery 18 can be powered for automobile motor 17.By making
With the control device of fuel cell car, the charge capacity of the load buffer battery according to automobile motor 17, by fuel cell 9 institute
The electricity supply automobile motor 17 sending and buffer battery 18.Specifically, for example when when accelerating, automobile motor 17
When load is big, supply the electricity from fuel cell 9 and buffering battery 18 to automobile motor 17, or when deceleration, braking
When, a part for the electricity producing fuel cell 17 is that buffer battery 18 charges.
The heat pump type air conditioning system of above-mentioned fuel cell car heat refrigerating method, comprise the following steps:
A. reformer is in running, and the reaction of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production occurs, and the hydrogen preparing transfers to fuel cell,
In fuel cell, hydrogen and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produce electric energy output, meanwhile, from reformer
Exhaust chimney mouth discharges high temperature residual air；
B. under heating condition, in car, heat exchanger becomes condenser, and car external heat exchanger becomes evaporimeter, high temperature residual air row to
Air residual air blender, and be mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfer to car external heat exchanger, in car external heat exchanger, in
Temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, discharge after changing into low-temperature mixed gas；The electric energy of fuel cell output through electric power conversion is
It after system conversion, is that compressor, delivery pump and automobile motor are powered；
C. under cooling condition, in car, heat exchanger becomes evaporimeter, and car external heat exchanger becomes condenser, high temperature residual air row to
Extraneous；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after electric power coversion system conversion, is that compressor, delivery pump and automobile motor are powered；
Preferably, under heating condition, temperature sensor detects the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender in real time,
And temperature information is fed back to control device, control device is adjusted the feeding amount of outside air by fan, to control gaseous mixture
The temperature range of body is in 15～60 DEG C.
The above, be only the utility model better embodiment, every according to the technical solution of the utility model to
On embodiment any trickle modification, equivalent variations and the modification made, belong to the scope of technical solutions of the utility model
In.
Claims (8)
1. the heat pump type air conditioning system of a fuel cell car, it is characterised in that: change in including compressor, four-way change-over valve, car
Hot device, choke valve, car external heat exchanger, methanol-water store container, delivery pump, reformer, fuel cell, electric power coversion system, vapour
Vehicle and horse reach and air residual air blender；Heat exchanger in described compressor, four-way change-over valve, car, choke valve and car external heat exchanger it
Between formed heat pump type air conditioning system working medium conveying loop；Described methanol-water stores the methanol-water raw material that containers store has liquid；Institute
State delivery pump for the methanol-water raw material in methanol-water storage container is pumped to by conveyance conduit the reformer chamber of reformer；Weight
Whole device is provided with reformer chamber, hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber and exhaust chimney mouth, and described reformer chamber occurs weight for methyl alcohol with steam
Whole hydrogen production reaction prepares the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and described hydrogen purification apparatus is used for isolating prepared hydrogen,
This hydrogen transfers to fuel cell, and described combustion chamber is for partly prepared hydrogen and the oxygen combustion in outside air, for reforming
The operation of device provides heat；Hydrogen and oxygen burning in carbon dioxide after the separation of described hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber produces
Steam and outside air in unburned gas be mixed into high temperature residual air, from exhaust chimney mouth row to air residual air blender or
Extraneous；Described air residual air blender, for outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to change outside car
Hot device；Described fuel cell, for hydrogen and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produces electric energy output；Described electric power turns
System of changing, for being converted to load required electricity the electric energy that fuel cell exports, is compressor, delivery pump and automobile motor
Power supply；Described automobile motor rotates for axle shaft and makes running car.
2. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described working medium is transmitted back to
Road is provided with the check-valves for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state, and described choke valve includes main capillary and secondary capillary,
Wherein secondary capillary is in parallel with check-valves；It is additionally provided with filter and silencer on described working medium conveying loop.
3. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described working medium is transmitted back to
Road is provided with electric expansion valve, filter and silencer.
4. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described exhaust chimney mouth with
It is provided with reversal valve, under heating condition state, from the high temperature residual air of exhaust chimney mouth discharge through commutation between air residual air blender
Valve heel row is to air residual air blender, under cooling condition state, from the high temperature residual air of exhaust chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve heel row
Outwardly.
5. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described air residual air is mixed
Clutch is provided with fan and temperature inductor, and fan is for by outside air fan-in air residual air blender, and temperature inductor is used for
Mixed gas temperature in detection air residual air blender, this mixed gas temperature range is 15～60 DEG C.
6. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described delivery pump and weight
Conveyance conduit between whole device is provided with heat exchanger, height in heat exchanger, with reformer output for the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature
Temperature hydrogen carries out heat exchange, and first alcohol and water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces.
7. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described hydrogen purification fills
Being set to the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver.
8. the heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: also include buffering electric power storage
Pond, the charging end of this buffer battery connects electric power coversion system, and this buffer battery can be powered for automobile motor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201620344369.9U CN205674809U (en) | 2016-04-23 | 2016-04-23 | A kind of heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car |
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| CN201620344369.9U CN205674809U (en) | 2016-04-23 | 2016-04-23 | A kind of heat pump type air conditioning system of fuel cell car |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105783322A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-07-20 | 广东能态科技投资有限公司 | Water-hydrogen electricity generation heat pump air-conditioning system for communication base station and heating and refrigeration method |
| CN105857014A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-08-17 | 广东合即得能源科技有限公司 | Heat pump air-conditioning system of fuel cell vehicle and heating and refrigeration method |
| CN111634171A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-08 | 清华大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization system |
-
2016
- 2016-04-23 CN CN201620344369.9U patent/CN205674809U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105783322A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-07-20 | 广东能态科技投资有限公司 | Water-hydrogen electricity generation heat pump air-conditioning system for communication base station and heating and refrigeration method |
| CN105857014A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-08-17 | 广东合即得能源科技有限公司 | Heat pump air-conditioning system of fuel cell vehicle and heating and refrigeration method |
| CN105857014B (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2018-08-28 | 广东合即得能源科技有限公司 | A kind of heat pump air conditioning system and heating refrigerating method of fuel cell car |
| CN111634171A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-09-08 | 清华大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization system |
| CN111634171B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-07-23 | 清华大学 | Energy comprehensive utilization system |
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