CN105716326A - Heat pump air conditioning based on power generation system for producing hydrogen by methanol water reforming and heating and refrigerating method - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioning based on power generation system for producing hydrogen by methanol water reforming and heating and refrigerating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105716326A CN105716326A CN201610212232.2A CN201610212232A CN105716326A CN 105716326 A CN105716326 A CN 105716326A CN 201610212232 A CN201610212232 A CN 201610212232A CN 105716326 A CN105716326 A CN 105716326A
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- air
- temperature
- methanol
- heat exchanger
- hydrogen
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium silver Chemical compound [Pd].[Ag] SWELZOZIOHGSPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02741—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using one four-way valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat pump air conditioning based on a power generation system for producing hydrogen by methanol water reforming. The heat pump air conditioning comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttle valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a methanol water storage vessel, a conveying pump, a reformer, a fuel cell, a power conversion device and an air and residual gas mixer, wherein high-temperature residual gas produced by the reformer is discharged to the air and residual gas mixer or the external through an exhaust chimney hole; the air and residual gas mixer is used for mixing the external air and the high-temperature residual gas to produce intermediate-temperature mixed gas and conveying the intermediate-temperature mixed gas to the outdoor heat exchanger; the fuel cell is used for making hydrogen generate electrochemical reaction with oxygen in the air and generating power output; and the power conversion device is used for converting the power generated by the full cell to electricity needed by loading and supplying the electricity to the compressor and the conveying pump. Under the heating working condition, when the temperature of the outdoor air is lower than 5 DEG C below zero, the heat pump air conditioning can still normally and efficiently work, an evaporator cannot be frosted without defrosting at fixed period, and use of the heat pump air conditioning is not limited by geography.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat pump air conditioner technical field, particularly to a kind of heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system and heat refrigerating method.
Background technology
Along with non-renewable energy resources such as coal, oil, natural gas etc. are fewer and feweri, the air energy heat pump air-conditioning that power consumption is the least arises at the historic moment.Air source heat pump principle utilizes inverse Carnot's principle exactly, under heating condition, indoor heat exchanger is condenser, outdoor heat exchanger is vaporizer, in vaporizer environment thermal energy from outdoor air, draw heat is with evaporation heat transfer working medium, refrigerant vapor pressure and temperature after compressor compresses rises, when high-temperature vapour is condensed into liquid by condenser, the heat discharged passes to the interior space by heat, condensed heat-transfer working medium returns to vaporizer by expansion valve, evaporated the most again, so moved in circles.Under cooling condition, outdoor heat exchanger is condenser, indoor heat exchanger is vaporizer, in vaporizer heat energy from interior space air, draw heat is with evaporation heat transfer working medium, and refrigerant vapor pressure and temperature after compressor compresses rises, when high-temperature vapour is condensed into liquid by condenser, the heat discharged is transferred to outdoor, condensed heat-transfer working medium returns to vaporizer by expansion valve, is evaporated, so moves in circles.
But, the shortcoming of air source heat pump be outside air temperature the lowest time heating load the least, particularly when outside air temperature less than-5 DEG C time, heat pump is just difficult to normally work, and needs electricity consumption or other auxiliary thermal sources to heat air, and the efficiency of heat pump is substantially reduced.Air source heat pump is under heating condition, meeting frosting on vaporizer, need periodically defrosting, defrosting building block technique can refer to Chinese patent application 201210152219.4 for the Defrost method of air source heat pump system, 201410108455.5 1 kinds of defrosting control method for heat pump air conditioner and heat pump type air conditioning system, after air source heat pump increases defrosting module, not only stability reduces, maintenance cost increases, and loses a large portion energy.Additionally, the power supply source usually civil power of existing heat pump air conditioner, the use of the most existing heat pump air conditioner is limited by bigger region.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system is provided, this heat pump air conditioner is under heating condition, when outdoor air is less than-5 DEG C, remain to work normally and efficiently, also will not frosting on vaporizer, it is not necessary to periodically defrost, and the use of this heat pump air conditioner is without geographical restrictions.To this end, the present invention also provide this heat pump air conditioner a kind of heat refrigerating method.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical scheme is that a kind of heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system, store container, delivery pump, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter and air residual air blender including compressor, four-way change-over valve, indoor heat exchanger, choke valve, outdoor heat exchanger, methanol-water；The working medium conveying loop of heat pump air conditioner is formed between described compressor, four-way change-over valve, indoor heat exchanger, choke valve and outdoor heat exchanger；Described methanol-water stores containers store the methanol-water raw material of liquid；Described delivery pump is pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer for methanol-water is stored the methanol-water raw material in container by conveyance conduit；Reformer is provided with reformer chamber, hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber and aerofluxus chimney mouth, described reformer chamber is reacted for methanol and water vapour generation reformation hydrogen production and is prepared hydrogen and the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, described hydrogen purification apparatus is for isolating prepared hydrogen, this hydrogen transfers to fuel cell, the hydrogen that described combustion chamber prepares for part and the oxygen combustion in outside air, the operation for reformer provides heat；Described hydrogen purification apparatus separate after carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen burning produces in combustion chamber steam and outside air in unburned gas be mixed into high temperature residual air, arrange to air residual air blender or the external world from aerofluxus chimney mouth；Described air residual air blender, for outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to outdoor heat exchanger；Described fuel cell oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen with air, produces electric energy output；Described power inverter, for being converted to load required electricity by the electric energy that fuel cell exports, is powered for compressor and delivery pump.
Preferably, described working medium conveying loop is provided with the check-valves for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state, and described choke valve includes main capillary tube and secondary capillary tube, and wherein secondary capillary tube is in parallel with check-valves；It is additionally provided with filter and acoustic filter on described working medium conveying loop.
Preferably, it is provided with reversal valve, under heating condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve heel row to air residual air blender between described aerofluxus chimney mouth and air residual air blender, under cooling condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve heel row outwardly.
Preferably, described air residual air blender is provided with fan and temperature inductor, fan is for by outside air fan-in air residual air blender, and temperature inductor is for detecting the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender, and this mixed gas temperature range is 25～70 DEG C.
Preferably, the conveyance conduit between described delivery pump and reformer is provided with heat exchanger, and the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature, in heat exchanger, carries out heat exchange with the high-temperature hydrogen of reformer chamber output, and first alcohol and water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces.
Preferably, described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the technical scheme is that described heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system heats refrigerating method, comprises the following steps:
A. reformer is in running, and the reaction of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production occurs, and the hydrogen prepared transfers to fuel cell, in fuel cell, hydrogen and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produce electric energy output, meanwhile, high temperature residual air is discharged from the aerofluxus chimney mouth of reformer；
B. under heating condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, outdoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, high temperature residual air is arranged to air residual air blender, and be mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfer to outdoor heat exchanger, in outdoor heat exchanger, middle temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, discharge after changing into low-temperature mixed gas；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output；
C. under cooling condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, and outdoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, and high temperature residual air is arranged outwardly；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output；
Preferably, under heating condition, temperature sensor detects the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender in real time, and temperature information feeds back to control device, control device and adjusted the feeding amount of outside air by fan, to control the temperature range of mixed gas in 25～70 DEG C.For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, the technical scheme is that
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: one, the present invention use first alcohol and water to carry out reformation hydrogen production as raw material, recycling fuel cell power generation, without waste residue and pollution of harmful waste gas, cleaning, do not affect health, methanol wide material sources, it is regenerative resource, and heat pump air conditioner is without mains-supplied, without geographical restrictions, can use without Grid, such as communication base station；Two, under heating condition, owing to high temperature residual air is arranged to air residual air blender, and be mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfer to outdoor heat exchanger, now, outdoor heat exchanger is vaporizer, in outdoor heat exchanger, middle temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, discharge, therefore after changing into low-temperature mixed gas, at any Cryogenic air environment (air ambients of such as less than-5 DEG C), heat pump air conditioner all can work normally and efficiently；Three, under heating condition, input due to outdoor heat exchanger (i.e. vaporizer) is middle temperature mixed gas, the most also will not frosting, it is not necessary to periodically defrost；Four, the present invention makes the high temperature residual air heat of reformer be obtained by, thus improve the utilization ratio of methanol-water raw material, meanwhile, after high temperature residual air mixes with outside air, heat pump air conditioner can utilize the heat of high temperature residual air and outside air simultaneously so that the more energy efficient power saving of heat pump air conditioner.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Structural principle and operation principle to the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system, stores container 6, delivery pump 7, reformer 8, fuel cell 9, power inverter 10 and air residual air blender 11 including compressor 1, four-way change-over valve 2, indoor heat exchanger 3, choke valve 4, outdoor heat exchanger 5, methanol-water；Forming the working medium conveying loop of heat pump air conditioner between described compressor 1, four-way change-over valve 2, indoor heat exchanger 3, choke valve 4 and outdoor heat exchanger 5, in the working medium conveying loop of Fig. 1, dotted arrow represents that heating condition, solid arrow represent that system grants operating mode；Described methanol-water stores container 6 and stores the methanol-water raw material of liquid；The reformer chamber of reformer 8 delivered to by described delivery pump 7 for methanol-water stores the methanol-water raw material in container 6 by conveyance conduit pump 7；nullReformer 8 is provided with reformer chamber、Hydrogen purification apparatus、Combustion chamber and aerofluxus chimney mouth，The structure of reformer can refer to the Chinese patent application 201410311217.4 that the applicant applies for before this、201410621689.X and 201510476342.5，Described reformer chamber is reacted for methanol and water vapour generation reformation hydrogen production and is prepared hydrogen and the mixed gas of carbon dioxide，The temperature of reformer chamber is 300-570 DEG C of temperature，Reformer chamber is provided with catalyst，In reformer chamber，Methanol and steam pass through catalyst under the pressure condition of 1-5M Pa，Under the effect of catalyst，There is methanol decomposition reaction and the transformationreation of carbon monoxide，Generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide，This is component more than、The gas solid catalytic reaction system of many reactions，Reactional equation is: (1) CH3OH→CO+2H2、(2)H2O+CO→CO2+H2
、(3)CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2, the H of reforming reaction generation2And CO2, described hydrogen purification apparatus is for isolating prepared hydrogen, and this hydrogen transfers to fuel cell 9, the hydrogen that described combustion chamber prepares for part and the oxygen combustion in outside air, and the operation for reformer 8 provides heat；Described hydrogen purification apparatus separate after carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen burning produces in combustion chamber steam and outside air in unburned gas be mixed into high temperature residual air, arrange to air residual air blender 11 or the external world from aerofluxus chimney mouth；Described air residual air blender 11, for outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to outdoor heat exchanger 5；The described fuel cell 9 oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen with air, produces electric energy output, the anode at fuel cell 9: 2H2→4H++4e-, H2Splitting into two protons and two electronics, proton passes PEM (PEM), and electronics passes through positive plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate；Negative electrode at fuel cell 9: O2+4e-+4H+→2H2O, proton, electronics and O2Recombine to form H2O；Described power inverter 10, for being converted to load required electricity by the electric energy that fuel cell 9 exports, is powered for compressor 1 and delivery pump 7.
As it is shown in figure 1, described working medium conveying loop is provided with the check-valves 12 for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state, described choke valve 4 includes main capillary tube 41 and secondary capillary tube 42, and wherein secondary capillary tube 42 is in parallel with check-valves 12；Filter 13 and acoustic filter 14 it is additionally provided with on described working medium conveying loop.
As shown in Figure 1, it is provided with reversal valve 15 between described aerofluxus chimney mouth and air residual air blender 11, under heating condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve 15 heel row to air residual air blender 11, after high temperature residual air mixes with outside air, heat pump air conditioner can utilize the heat of high temperature residual air and outside air simultaneously, make the more energy efficient power saving of heat pump air conditioner, usually, in the heat that heat pump air conditioner utilizes, outside air heat accounting 30%-80%, high temperature residual air accounting 20%-70%.Under cooling condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve 15 heel row outwardly.
As shown in Figure 1, described air residual air blender 11 is provided with fan and temperature inductor, fan is for by outside air fan-in air residual air blender 11, and temperature inductor is for detecting the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender 11, and this mixed gas temperature range is 25～70 DEG C.
As it is shown in figure 1, the conveyance conduit between described delivery pump 7 and reformer 8 is provided with heat exchanger 16, the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature, in heat exchanger 16, carries out heat exchange with the high-temperature hydrogen of reformer chamber output, and first alcohol and water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces.
Described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, and film plating layer is palladium-silver, and the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
Above-mentioned heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system heat refrigerating method, comprise the following steps:
A. reformer is in running, and the reaction of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production occurs, and the hydrogen prepared transfers to fuel cell, in fuel cell, hydrogen and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produce electric energy output, meanwhile, high temperature residual air is discharged from the aerofluxus chimney mouth of reformer；
B. under heating condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, outdoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, high temperature residual air is arranged to air residual air blender, and be mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfer to outdoor heat exchanger, in outdoor heat exchanger, middle temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, discharge after changing into low-temperature mixed gas；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output (can be other equipment or load supplying)；
C. under cooling condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, and outdoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, and high temperature residual air is arranged outwardly；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output；
Preferably, under heating condition, temperature sensor detects the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender in real time, and temperature information feeds back to control device, control device and adjusted the feeding amount of outside air by fan, to control the temperature range of mixed gas in 25～70 DEG C.
The above, be only better embodiment of the present invention, every any trickle amendment, equivalent variations and modification made above embodiment according to technical scheme, belongs in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system, it is characterised in that: include that compressor, four-way change-over valve, indoor heat exchanger, choke valve, outdoor heat exchanger, methanol-water store container, delivery pump, reformer, fuel cell, power inverter and air residual air blender；The working medium conveying loop of heat pump air conditioner is formed between described compressor, four-way change-over valve, indoor heat exchanger, choke valve and outdoor heat exchanger；Described methanol-water stores containers store the methanol-water raw material of liquid；Described delivery pump is pumped to the reformer chamber of reformer for methanol-water is stored the methanol-water raw material in container by conveyance conduit；Reformer is provided with reformer chamber, hydrogen purification apparatus, combustion chamber and aerofluxus chimney mouth, described reformer chamber is reacted for methanol and water vapour generation reformation hydrogen production and is prepared hydrogen and the mixed gas of carbon dioxide, described hydrogen purification apparatus is for isolating prepared hydrogen, this hydrogen transfers to fuel cell, the hydrogen that described combustion chamber prepares for part and the oxygen combustion in outside air, the operation for reformer provides heat；Described hydrogen purification apparatus separate after carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen burning produces in combustion chamber steam and outside air in unburned gas be mixed into high temperature residual air, arrange to air residual air blender or the external world from aerofluxus chimney mouth；Described air residual air blender, for outside air and high temperature residual air are mixed into middle temperature mixed gas, transfers to outdoor heat exchanger；Described fuel cell oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in hydrogen with air, produces electric energy output；Described power inverter, for being converted to load required electricity by the electric energy that fuel cell exports, is powered for compressor and delivery pump.
Heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described working medium conveying loop is provided with the check-valves for carrying the working medium under cooling condition state, described choke valve includes main capillary tube and secondary capillary tube, and wherein secondary capillary tube is in parallel with check-valves；It is additionally provided with filter and acoustic filter on described working medium conveying loop.
Heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: between described aerofluxus chimney mouth and air residual air blender, be provided with reversal valve, under heating condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve heel row to air residual air blender, under cooling condition state, from the high temperature residual air of aerofluxus chimney mouth discharge through reversal valve heel row outwardly.
Heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air residual air blender is provided with fan and temperature inductor, fan is for by outside air fan-in air residual air blender, temperature inductor is for detecting the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender, and this mixed gas temperature range is 25～70 DEG C.
Heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the conveyance conduit between described delivery pump and reformer is provided with heat exchanger, the first alcohol and water raw material of low temperature is in heat exchanger, heat exchange is carried out with the high-temperature hydrogen of reformer chamber output, first alcohol and water material temperature raises, and hydrogen temperature reduces.
Heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hydrogen purification apparatus is the membrane separation device at porous ceramic surface Vacuum Deposition palladium-silver, film plating layer is palladium-silver, the mass percent palladium of palladium-silver accounts for 75%-78%, and silver accounts for 22%-25%.
7. in claim 1-6 heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system described in any one heat refrigerating method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. reformer is in running, and the reaction of methanol-water reformation hydrogen production occurs, and the hydrogen prepared transfers to fuel cell, in fuel cell, hydrogen and the oxygen generation electrochemical reaction in air, produce electric energy output, meanwhile, high temperature residual air is discharged from the aerofluxus chimney mouth of reformer；
B. under heating condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, outdoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, high temperature residual air is arranged to air residual air blender, and be mixed into middle temperature mixed gas with outside air and transfer to outdoor heat exchanger, in outdoor heat exchanger, middle temperature mixed gas and working medium heat exchange, discharge after changing into low-temperature mixed gas；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output；
C. under cooling condition, indoor heat exchanger becomes vaporizer, and outdoor heat exchanger becomes condenser, and high temperature residual air is arranged outwardly；The electric energy of fuel cell output, after power inverter is changed, is powered for compressor and delivery pump, remaining electricity output.
The most according to claim 7 heat pump air conditioner based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system heat refrigerating method, it is characterized in that: under heating condition, temperature sensor detects the mixed gas temperature in air residual air blender in real time, and temperature information is fed back to control device, control device and adjusted the feeding amount of outside air by fan, to control the temperature range of mixed gas in 25～70 DEG C.
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| CN201610212232.2A CN105716326B (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Heat pump air conditioner and heating refrigerating method based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system |
| PCT/CN2016/085897 WO2017173731A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-15 | Heat pump air conditioner and heating and cooling method using methanol-water reforming electric generator |
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| CN201610212232.2A CN105716326B (en) | 2016-04-07 | 2016-04-07 | Heat pump air conditioner and heating refrigerating method based on methanol-water reformation hydrogen production electricity generation system |
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| CN115263535A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 中氢新能(北京)新能源技术研究院有限公司 | Methanol reforming internal combustion engine power generation range-extending equipment and vehicle |
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| WO2017173731A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
| CN105716326B (en) | 2019-05-10 |
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