CN205665005U - Detection apparatus for spiral bevel gear flank of tooth contact zone among automobile rear drive differential mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detection apparatus for spiral bevel gear flank of tooth contact zone among automobile rear drive differential mechanism, include the bottom plate, install the differential mechanism supporting seat that is used for supporting automobile rear drive differential mechanism on the bottom plate to and be used for driving the rotatory motor of automobile rear drive differential mechanism, including industrial computer to and wait to detect the CCD camera that the spiral bevel gear flank of tooth set up with fixed angle orientation, be provided with image acquisition card in the industrial computer, the data transmission terminal of CCD camera is connected to image acquisition card. Including the PLC controller, and be used for the drive the machine controller of motor, machine controller with the equal electricity of industrial computer is connected to the PLC controller. The utility model discloses the convenient information acquisition who realizes spiral bevel gear flank of tooth contact zone among the automobile rear drive differential mechanism has, simple structure, and manufacturing cost is lower, convenient operation, the light filling is effectual, is favorable to improving the definition of photo, improves information acquisition's advantages such as accuracy.

Description

The detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in a kind of automotive rear axle differential gear

Technical field

This utility model relates to gear testing technical field, in particular to screw conic tooth in a kind of automotive rear axle differential gear The detection device of wheel circular tooth contact.

Background technology

At present, spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact detection method mainly has ocular estimate and numeral image detection.Ocular estimate Being one of commonly used detection method, its Cleaning Principle is to be arranged on by automotive rear axle differential gear on rolling verifier, at spiral shell Coating coloring agent on the flank of tooth of rotation bevel gear, gear operation causes gained circular tooth contact after coloring agent comes off.This detection method master The experience of observer to be relied on, the relative position at observer visual angle is all continually changing relative to each flank of tooth, is easily caused There is qualification rate and inefficiency in manual detection product, is limited by artificial experience and causes degree of accuracy the highest and cannot meet real-time existing Line detects, and ocular estimate can only be analyzed qualitatively, it is impossible to detection by quantitative.

And digital picture detection method mainly has two kinds, one is to utilize binocular vision to detect skill tooth contact district.According to greatly Each contact area of the continuous gear teeth is shot with video-corder in the rotation of gear, and image digitazation stores in case analyzing after processing, and can solely show or some friendships Overlap mutually with the change of display contact area.It is however a drawback of the method that binocular ccd video camera is easily limited by visual field, measure scope Little, demarcate complicated and expensive.Another kind is tooth surface to carry out coloring treatment and shoots tooth surface with ccd video camera Image stores.With photographing unit, the engagement of gear mesh contact subsequently also sees that tooth surface is to obtain another composition picture.Then after contacting Each gear teeth become image subtraction not in contact with corresponding imaging, gained becomes aberration value to be exactly contact area.It is however a drawback of the method that contact Imaging can not be assigned in concrete coordinate system, it is impossible to obtains relative position on the gear teeth, the contact area and true area.

Therefore need the detection method designing a kind of spiral bevel gear contact area badly, cost-effective detect spiral bevel gear Relative position residing for contact area area during contact and contact area, this is to increasing the assembly precision of gear and having weight service life Want meaning.

To this end, utility model people devises the detection side of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in a kind of automotive rear axle differential gear Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps: the demarcation of a, camera: use CCD camera with the fixed angle tooth to spiral bevel gear Taking pictures in contact area, face, when taking pictures, utilizes scaling board to demarcate camera, determines the actual range of any two points on the flank of tooth Conversion proportion between the pixel distance of corresponding with camera 2, finds out 2 points that conversion proportion is minimum, and chooses at 2 Midpoint is the zero of camera；B, the shooting of detection image: use above-mentioned CCD camera with equal angular to scribbling coloring agent The circular tooth contact of spiral bevel gear is taken pictures, and delimits ROI region；C, imagery exploitation gray scale difference value to ROI region are carried out Edge, contact area picks up, the pixel value between each point on acquisition edge, contact area to the zero of camera, and by this pixel Value is multiplied with corresponding conversion proportion, so that it is determined that contact area physical location on the flank of tooth and edge, and calculate contact area Area.

But, during detection, in addition it is also necessary to consider how further can conveniently realize in automotive rear axle differential gear The problems such as the information gathering of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact.

Utility model content

For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: how to provide a kind of energy Enough convenient realizations are to the information gathering of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact, simple in construction, manufacturing cost in automotive rear axle differential gear Relatively low, the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in easy to operate automotive rear axle differential gear.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, this utility model have employed following technical scheme:

The detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in a kind of automotive rear axle differential gear, it is characterised in that including:

One automotive rear axle differential gear driving means, including base plate, is arranged on base plate for supporting automobile axle differential The carrier sub-assembly of differential of device, and for the motor driving automotive rear axle differential gear to rotate；

One Vision Builder for Automated Inspection, including industrial computer, and with fixing angle towards spiral bevel gear to be detected The CCD camera that the flank of tooth is arranged；Being provided with image pick-up card in described industrial computer, the data transmission terminal of described CCD camera is even Receive described image pick-up card；

One TT&C system, including PLC, and for driving the electric machine controller of described motor, described motor Controller and described industrial computer are electrically connected to described PLC.

Before detection, first spiral bevel gear in automotive rear axle differential gear to be detected is carried out, the vapour after then cleaning Car rear axle differential is arranged on carrier sub-assembly of differential, and with shaft coupling by the final drive shaft of automotive rear axle differential gear and motor Output shaft is connected；Use coloring agent that the gear teeth of spiral bevel gear in automotive rear axle differential gear are quantitatively coloured；During detection, by PLC drives motor to rotate by electric machine controller, and driving automobile rear axle differential rotates, and uses CCD camera pair simultaneously Spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact is taken pictures, and is transported in image pick-up card by data transmission terminal by photo, completes figure The collection of picture.Said apparatus can conveniently realize to be adopted the information of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in automotive rear axle differential gear Collection, simple in construction, manufacturing cost is relatively low, easy to operate.

As optimization, described Vision Builder for Automated Inspection also includes the illumination for strengthening spiral bevel gear flank region to be detected The light compensating lamp of effect, described light compensating lamp is arranged on described base plate by light compensating lamp support.So, strengthened by light compensating lamp to be checked Survey the lighting effect of spiral bevel gear flank region, it is possible to the photo making CCD camera shoot becomes apparent from, and is conducive to improving information The accuracy gathered.

As optimization, described light compensating lamp support includes the most nested several expansion links arranged, innermost layer The top of expansion link be provided with the light compensating lamp mounting seat that rotates around summit, described light compensating lamp is fixedly installed on described light filling In lamp mounting seat.

During use, the height of light compensating lamp support can be adjusted by expansion link, then by light compensating lamp mounting seat around innermost layer The rotary-top of expansion link, adjust the light filling angle of light compensating lamp.In such manner, it is possible to improve the definition of photo further, improve The accuracy of signals collecting.

As optimization, described TT&C system also includes the photoelectric sensor for detecting gear position, described photoelectric sensing Device is connected with described PLC；Described PLC has the fast gate output terminal of the shutter work for controlling CCD camera, Described fast gate output terminal is electrically connected to described CCD camera.

During detection, photoelectric sensor once detects the gear position of setting, and detection signal is input to PLC In, the shutter that PLC controls CCD camera according to this signal by fast gate output terminal works, and connects the spiral bevel gear flank of tooth Taking pictures in tactile district, is conducive to improving the concordance of shot region, and then improves the accuracy of signals collecting.

As optimization, described CCD camera is provided with telecentric lens, in described telecentric lens, there is bandpass filter.

So, telecentric lens is used can to realize the regulation of focal length, the regulation of visual field and the regulation of enlargement ratio, it is to avoid The image fault gathered, is conducive to improving image acquisition precision.Bandpass filter can realize the filtration of spectrum, it is to avoid other ripples The interference to image acquisition of the long light, improves image acquisition precision.

In sum, this utility model has convenient realization spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in automotive rear axle differential gear Information gathering, simple in construction, manufacturing cost is relatively low, easy to operate；Light filling is effective, is conducive to improving the definition of photo, The advantages such as the degree of accuracy of raising information gathering.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this utility model one embodiment.

Fig. 2 is spiral bevel gear contact area schematic diagram in automotive rear axle differential gear.

Detailed description of the invention

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

When being embodied as, as shown in Fig. 1～Fig. 2, spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in a kind of automotive rear axle differential gear Detection device, including:

One automotive rear axle differential gear driving means, including base plate 11, is arranged on base plate 11 for supporting automobile axle The carrier sub-assembly of differential 12 of differential mechanism, and for the motor 13 driving automotive rear axle differential gear to rotate；

One Vision Builder for Automated Inspection, including industrial computer 21, and with fixing angle towards screw conic tooth to be detected The CCD camera 22 that the wheel flank of tooth is arranged；Image pick-up card, the data of described CCD camera 22 it are provided with in described industrial computer 21 Transmission ends is connected to described image pick-up card.

One TT&C system, including PLC, and for driving the electric machine controller of described motor 13, described electricity Machine controller and described industrial computer 21 are electrically connected to described PLC.

Before detection, first spiral bevel gear in automotive rear axle differential gear to be detected is carried out, the vapour after then cleaning Car rear axle differential is arranged on carrier sub-assembly of differential, and with shaft coupling by the final drive shaft of automotive rear axle differential gear and motor Output shaft is connected；Use coloring agent that the gear teeth of spiral bevel gear in automotive rear axle differential gear are quantitatively coloured；During detection, by PLC drives motor to rotate by electric machine controller, and driving automobile rear axle differential rotates, and uses CCD camera pair simultaneously Spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact is taken pictures, and is transported in image pick-up card by data transmission terminal by photo, completes figure The collection of picture.Said apparatus can conveniently realize to be adopted the information of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in automotive rear axle differential gear Collection, simple in construction, manufacturing cost is relatively low, easy to operate.

During enforcement, described Vision Builder for Automated Inspection also includes the illumination effect for strengthening spiral bevel gear flank region to be detected The light compensating lamp of fruit, described light compensating lamp is arranged on described base plate 11 by light compensating lamp support.So, strengthened by light compensating lamp to be checked Survey the lighting effect of spiral bevel gear flank region, it is possible to the photo making CCD camera shoot becomes apparent from, and is conducive to improving information The accuracy gathered.

During enforcement, described light compensating lamp support includes the most nested several expansion links arranged, innermost layer The top of expansion link is provided with the light compensating lamp mounting seat rotated around summit, and described light compensating lamp is fixedly installed on described light compensating lamp In mounting seat.

During use, the height of light compensating lamp support can be adjusted by expansion link, then by light compensating lamp mounting seat around innermost layer The rotary-top of expansion link, adjust the light filling angle of light compensating lamp.In such manner, it is possible to improve the definition of photo further, improve The accuracy of signals collecting.

During enforcement, described TT&C system also includes the photoelectric sensor for detecting gear position, described photoelectric sensor It is connected with described PLC；Described PLC has the fast gate output terminal of the shutter work for controlling CCD camera, institute State fast gate output terminal and be electrically connected to described CCD camera.

During detection, photoelectric sensor once detects the gear position of setting, and detection signal is input to PLC In, the shutter that PLC controls CCD camera according to this signal by fast gate output terminal works, and connects the spiral bevel gear flank of tooth Taking pictures in tactile district, is conducive to improving the concordance of shot region, and then improves the accuracy of signals collecting.

During enforcement, described CCD camera 22 is provided with telecentric lens, in described telecentric lens, there is bandpass filter.

So, telecentric lens is used can to realize the regulation of focal length, the regulation of visual field and the regulation of enlargement ratio, it is to avoid The image fault gathered, is conducive to improving image acquisition precision.Bandpass filter can realize the filtration of spectrum, it is to avoid other ripples The interference to image acquisition of the long light, improves image acquisition precision.

Above structure is embodiment of the present utility model, when being embodied as, and above-mentioned motor, industrial computer, CCD phase Each parts such as machine, image pick-up card, PLC, electric machine controller, light compensating lamp and photoelectric sensor are all belonging to into self Ripe prior art, component self is not belonging to the application and prior art is made the place of creative contribution, and the application is to existing Technology is made the place of creative contribution and is to be arranged on above-mentioned each existing parts the position of particular requirement, and is combined connection System gets up so that it is can facilitate implementation the information gathering of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in automotive rear axle differential gear, improve Light filling is effective, reaches to improve the effect of the degree of accuracy of information gathering.

When specifically detecting, following steps are used to complete detection；

A, the demarcation of camera: use CCD camera with fixed angle, the circular tooth contact of spiral bevel gear to be taken pictures, clap According to time, utilize scaling board that camera is demarcated, determine corresponding with camera 2 of the actual range of any two points on the flank of tooth Conversion proportion between pixel distance, finds out 2 points that conversion proportion is minimum, and the coordinate that midpoint is camera choosing at 2 is former Point；

B, the shooting of detection image: use above-mentioned CCD camera with the equal angular spiral bevel gear to scribbling coloring agent Circular tooth contact is taken pictures, and delimits ROI region；

C, imagery exploitation gray scale difference value to ROI region carry out the pickup of edge, contact area, and obtain on edge, contact area is each Point arrives the pixel value between the zero of camera, and is multiplied with corresponding conversion proportion by this pixel value, so that it is determined that contact District's physical location on the flank of tooth and edge, and calculate the area of contact area.

Concrete, in described step a, utilize scaling board that camera is demarcated, the most also comprise the steps:

A1, scaling board is laid in the tooth top of gear, adjusts the position of scaling board, make the scaling board in CCD camera form Image border and form sides aligned parallel, shoot first photo, then by scaling board up time along gear on the tooth top of gear Pin or move counterclockwise, and shoot image, it is ensured that scaling board covered all regions of the gear in form；According on scaling board The actual pitch of pattern and the pixel distance of corresponding pattern in camera, i.e. can determine that the conversion proportion between each point, determine camera The distortion factor of each point on crest top land；

In a2, each teeth groove that scaling board is successively placed in form, and lean against on the flank of tooth of straight-on camera, along teeth groove Scaling board is moved in direction, the image after shooting is the most mobile；Scheme according to the actual pitch of pattern on scaling board is corresponding to camera The pixel distance of case, i.e. can determine that the conversion proportion between each point, determines camera each point abnormal on each gullet depth direction Variable coefficient.

So, be conducive to obtaining distortion factor more accurately, more accurate when to correct image, be conducive to carrying The precision of high detection.

Specifically, in described step a, scaling board image in CCD camera form is less than 1/4th of form.This Sample, it is ensured that in shooting process, the most pictures can comprise complete scaling board image, be conducive to improving CCD camera Stated accuracy.

Specifically, in described step a, the difference of the black and white array gray scale on the scaling board image in CCD camera form More than 100.So, when the difference of black and white array gray scale is more than 100, it is possible to increase edge, contact area pickup accuracy, be conducive to Improve the precision of detection.

Specifically, described step c calculates the area of contact area, also comprises the steps:

After c1, image to ROI region carry out the pickup of edge, contact area, image is changed into binary map, if in image The location of pixels coordinate that object is corresponding is (x_i, y_j), wherein, i=0,1 ..., n-1；J=0,1 ..., m-1；M, n are natural number, The center of area position coordinates of the most all contact areas is:

$\stackrel{\‾}{x}=\frac{1}{mn}\underset{i=0}{\overset{n-1}{\Σ}}\underset{j=0}{\overset{m-1}{\Σ}}{x}_i$

$\stackrel{\‾}{y}=\frac{1}{mn}\underset{i=0}{\overset{n-1}{\Σ}}\underset{j=0}{\overset{m-1}{\Σ}}{y}_j$

So that it is determined that the center of contact area is relative to the relative position of the angle point of the flank of tooth with edge.

Specifically, by the wherein contact area of the image reading acquired in CCD camera and the number of pixels at edge, contact is determined The area of district's image, contact area area formula is:

$A=\underset{x=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}\underset{y=1}{\overset{M}{\Σ}}f(x,y)$

In formula, M is y direction number of pixels, N is x direction number of pixels.

So, may determine that contact by internal determine that with the number of pixels on edge, contact area in statistics edge, contact area The real area in district, for binary map, if 1 represents contact area image, represents not in contact with area image with 0, its number of pixels (x, the statistics number of y)=1 can draw the real area of contact area by number of pixels to be f.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, not with this utility model for limiting, all at this Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within the spirit of utility model and principle, should be included in this utility model Protection domain within.

Claims (5)

1. the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact in an automotive rear axle differential gear, it is characterised in that including:

One automotive rear axle differential gear driving means, including base plate (11), is arranged on base plate (11) and is used for supporting automobile axle The carrier sub-assembly of differential (12) of differential mechanism, and for the motor (13) driving automotive rear axle differential gear to rotate；

One Vision Builder for Automated Inspection, including industrial computer (21), and with fixing angle towards spiral bevel gear to be detected The CCD camera (22) that the flank of tooth is arranged；Image pick-up card it is provided with in described industrial computer (21), described CCD camera (22) Data transmission terminal is connected to described image pick-up card；

One TT&C system, including PLC, and is used for driving the electric machine controller of described motor (13), described motor Controller and described industrial computer (21) are electrically connected to described PLC.

2. the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact, its feature in automotive rear axle differential gear as claimed in claim 1 Being, described Vision Builder for Automated Inspection also includes the light filling of the lighting effect for strengthening spiral bevel gear flank region to be detected Lamp, described light compensating lamp is arranged on described base plate (11) by light compensating lamp support.

3. the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact, its feature in automotive rear axle differential gear as claimed in claim 2 Being, described light compensating lamp support includes the most nested several expansion links arranged, the top of the expansion link of innermost layer Portion is provided with the light compensating lamp mounting seat rotated around summit, and described light compensating lamp is fixedly installed in described light compensating lamp mounting seat.

4. the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact, its feature in automotive rear axle differential gear as claimed in claim 1 Being, described TT&C system also includes that the photoelectric sensor for detecting gear position, described photoelectric sensor are controlled with described PLC Device processed is connected；Described PLC has the fast gate output terminal of the shutter work for controlling CCD camera, and described shutter exports End is electrically connected to described CCD camera.

5. the detection device of spiral bevel gear circular tooth contact, its feature in automotive rear axle differential gear as claimed in claim 1 It is, described CCD camera (22) is provided with telecentric lens, in described telecentric lens, there is bandpass filter.