CN205644203U - A safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation device - Google Patents

A safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205644203U
CN205644203U CN201620177361.8U CN201620177361U CN205644203U CN 205644203 U CN205644203 U CN 205644203U CN 201620177361 U CN201620177361 U CN 201620177361U CN 205644203 U CN205644203 U CN 205644203U
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pressure
signal
temperature
threshold value
monitoring system
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侯瑞琴
万全
欧阳晓平
马文
刘士锐
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Engineering Design and Research Institute of General Armament Department
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/048Monitoring; Safety

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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation device, this system includes: the data acquisition unit, it is right to be used for oxidation unit's temperature, pressure and tail gas discharge capacity data are gathered in real time, data comparing unit for to gather temperature, pressure and the tail gas discharge capacity data that obtain in real time and predetermine the threshold value and carry out the comparison, be higher than as if the measured value that carries out the comparison and preset the threshold value, then send rather than a corresponding triggering signal, if carry out the measured value of comparison and be less than or equal to preset the threshold value, then send rather than the 2nd corresponding triggering signal, the control unit, based on a triggering signal or the 2nd triggering signal send a control signal or the 2nd control signal. This system has the multilevel security control, and furthest has protected operating personnel's safety, and have two set automatic and manual operation flow, can complement one another, prevented the automatic calamity of makeing mistakes and leading to.

Description

A kind of safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus
Technical field
This utility model relates to safety monitoring technology field.More particularly, to a kind of safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus.
Background technology
Supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is from last century after the eighties is proposed by American scholar, at home and abroad field of Environment Protection causes the focus of a research, suitable application is had at present in U.S.'s difficult degradation offal treatment, China also has many researcheres studying, and is applied in miliaty waste process.
Supercritical water oxidation has the advantage of uniqueness compared with other water technology, the organic pollution of difficult degradation exhaustive oxidation within a very short time can be become CO2、N2With nontoxic small-molecule substances such as water, hence without secondary pollution, meet totally enclosed process requirement, owing to course of reaction is that homogeneous reaction, the time of staying are short, so reactor volume is little, simple in construction, high treating effect, this technology is defined as 21 century the most promising environmentally friendly debirs treatment technology in one of the big field of six listed by American National key technology " energy and environment ".
Supercritical water oxidation belongs to high-temperature high-voltage reaction process, and its core reaction device belongs to high-pressure bottle category, and the security protection of its running and control are one of problems of user necessary emphasis consideration.
According to pressure vessel design standards code requirement; high-pressure bottle design has the difference of the concepts such as operating pressure, design pressure, maximum working pressure; typically up to operating pressure is higher than operating pressure; protect reactor by the reasonable value of design, provide one safeguard procedures for system safety operation simultaneously.
Want to realize the safe operation of said system, except pressure is taked safety prevention measure, temperature to response system, the aspects such as the discharge of tail gas also should carry out security monitoring, and in prior art, not for said system in the design of the safety monitoring system of above-mentioned each side, for blank of the prior art, special this utility model is proposed.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus, and this system is conducive to avoiding producing in course of reaction blast, to improve the safety of plant running process.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, this utility model employing following technical proposals:
A kind of safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus, described safety monitoring system includes reserving liquid tank, the preheater being connected by pump with described reserving liquid tank, the reactor being connected with described preheater tubes, the oxidant feedway being connected with described pipe reactor, the cooler being connected with described preheater tubes and the gas-liquid separator being connected with described cooler;Being provided with relief valve between pump and preheater, be provided with counterbalance valve between cooler and gas-liquid separator, preheater is provided with primary heater;Reactor is provided with secondary heater;
Described safety monitoring system includes:
Data acquisition unit, for carrying out Real-time Collection to temperature, pressure and the tail gas displacement data of described oxidation unit;
Comparing unit, compares with predetermined threshold value for temperature, pressure and the tail gas displacement data obtained by Real-time Collection;If the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first triggering signal corresponding thereto;If the measured value compared is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then send the second triggering signal corresponding thereto;
Control unit, triggers signal or second based on described first and triggers signal, send the first control signal or the second control signal.
Further, described data acquisition unit includes temperature sensor, pressure transducer and tail gas sensor.
Further, described first triggering signal includes that the first temperature triggered signal, the first pressure trigger signal and the first exhaust emissions trigger signal;Described second triggers signal includes the second temperature triggered signal and the second pressure trigger signal;
Described comparing unit includes:
The temperature data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first temperature triggered signal corresponding thereto, if the measured value compared less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then sends the temperature comparison module of the second temperature triggered signal corresponding thereto;
The pressure data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first pressure trigger signal corresponding thereto, if the measured value compared less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then sends the pressure comparison module of the second pressure trigger signal corresponding thereto;With
The emission data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then sends the first exhaust emissions corresponding thereto and triggers the tail gas comparison module of signal.
Further, described first triggering signal includes that the first temperature triggered signal, the first pressure trigger signal and the first exhaust emissions trigger signal;Described second triggers signal includes the second temperature triggered signal and the second pressure trigger signal;
Described first control signal includes the first temperature control signals, the first pressure controling signal and the first Exhaust Emission Control signal;Described second control signal includes the second temperature control signals and the second pressure controling signal;
Described control unit includes:
Based on the first temperature triggered signal or the second temperature triggered signal, send the first temperature control signals or the temperature control modules of the second temperature control signals;
Based on the first pressure trigger signal or the second pressure trigger signal, send the first pressure controling signal or the pressure control module of the second pressure controling signal;With
Trigger signal based on the first exhaust emissions and send the tail gas control module of the first tail gas control signal.
Further, the medium of the preheater that described oxidation unit is located in described temperature sensor flows out pipeline and the inside of reactor.
Further, described pressure transducer is located at the inside of preheater and the inside of reactor of described oxidation unit.
Further, described tail gas sensor is located at the discharge duct outlets 0.4-0.7m of oxidation unit.
Further, described safety monitoring system also includes the relief valve being located between pump and preheater, and when the force value detected exceedes the threshold value of setting, relief valve meeting automatic alarm pressure release realize the pressure security security function of oxidation unit.
Described safety monitoring system also includes:
For staff, system is manipulated and the human-computer interaction module of data interaction;
Airtight cofferdam;
Described oxidation unit is placed in described airtight cofferdam;
The bottom surrounding of described airtight cofferdam is circular arc;
It is further provided with in described airtight cofferdam carrying out the remote shooting device of video communication with described human-computer interaction module.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1) multilevel security monitoring, protects the safety of operator to greatest extent;
2) automatically and manually complement one another, it is therefore prevented that the disaster caused of automatically makeing mistakes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the safety monitoring system schematic diagram of supercritical water oxidation apparatus.
In figure, 1-temperature proportional regulation controller;2-pressure controller;3-tail gas controller;The airtight isolating device of 4-;5-relief valve;6-reserving liquid tank;7-waste drains pump;8-preheater;9-reactor;10-preheater pressure transducer;11-media temperature sensor;12-temperature of reactor sensor;13-reactor pressure sensors;14-oxidant feedway;15-cooler;16-gas-liquid separator;17-Tail gas measuring sensor;18-switch board;19-primary heater;20-secondary heater;21-counterbalance valve.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be illustrated more clearly that this utility model, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, this utility model is described further.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, specifically describe safety monitoring system of the present utility model.
Safety monitoring system of the present utility model is arranged in the supercritical water oxidation apparatus with following structure, involved supercritical water oxidation apparatus includes reserving liquid tank 6, the preheater 8 being connected by pump 7 with reserving liquid tank, the reactor 9 being connected with preheater 8 pipeline, the oxidant feedway 14 being connected with reactor 9 pipeline, the cooler 15 being connected with preheater 8 pipeline and the gas-liquid separator 16 being connected with cooler 15, relief valve 5 it is provided with between pump 7 and preheater 8, being provided with counterbalance valve 21 between cooler 15 and gas-liquid separator 16, preheater 8 is provided with primary heater 19;Reactor 9 is provided with secondary heater 20.
Safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus described in the utility model specifically includes temperature monitoring system, pressure monitor bleed-off system, exhaust emissions monitoring system and airtight isolating device four major part.
Temperature monitoring system includes temperature sensor, temperature comparison module, temperature control modules and heater;In the present embodiment, temperature proportional regulation controller 1 is used to realize the function of temperature comparison module and temperature control modules, temperature comparison module includes the preheating temperature comparison module for comparing preheater actual temperature and set threshold temperature and for paralleling reactor actual temperature and the reaction temperature comparison module setting threshold temperature, and temperature control modules includes the preheating temperature control modules for controlling preheater temperature and for controlling the reaction temperature control module of temperature of reactor;Temperature sensor includes media temperature sensor 11 and temperature of reactor sensor 12;Media temperature sensor 11 is installed on the outflow medium pipeline of preheater 8, and temperature of reactor sensor 12 is installed on the inside of reactor 9;Heater includes the primary heater 19 being located on preheater and the secondary heater 20 being located on reactor;Observed temperature value is sent to preheating temperature comparison module by media temperature sensor 11, the threshold value of the real-time temperature values received with setting is compared by preheating temperature comparison module, when real-time temperature values is higher than the threshold value set, preheating temperature comparison module sends the first preheater temperature and triggers signal, preheating temperature comparison module triggers signal based on the first preheater temperature, primary heater 19 in oxidation unit sends the first preheater temperature control signal, and the primary heater 19 on preheater stops heating;When observed temperature value is sent to reaction temperature comparison module by temperature of reactor sensor 12, the threshold value of the real-time temperature values received with setting is compared by reaction temperature comparison module, when real-time temperature values is higher than the threshold value set, reaction temperature comparison module sends the first temperature of reactor and triggers signal, reaction temperature comparison module triggers signal based on the first temperature of reactor, secondary heater 20 in oxidation unit sends the first temperature of reactor control signal, secondary heater 20 on reactor stops heating thus has ensured that temperature will not superelevation, reach the purpose of safe temperature monitoring.
Observed temperature value is sent to preheating temperature comparison module by media temperature sensor 11, the threshold value of the real-time temperature values received with setting is compared by preheating temperature comparison module, when real-time temperature values is less than the threshold value set, preheating temperature comparison module sends the second preheater temperature and triggers signal, preheating temperature comparison module triggers signal based on the second preheater temperature, primary heater 19 in oxidation unit sends the second preheater temperature control signal, and the primary heater 19 on preheater begins to warm up;When observed temperature value is sent to reaction temperature comparison module by temperature of reactor sensor 12, the threshold value of the real-time temperature values received with setting is compared by reaction temperature comparison module, when real-time temperature values is less than the threshold value set, reaction temperature comparison module sends the second temperature of reactor and triggers signal, reaction temperature comparison module triggers signal based on the second temperature of reactor, secondary heater 20 in oxidation unit sends the second temperature of reactor control signal, and the secondary heater 20 on reactor begins to warm up.
Pressure monitor bleed-off system includes relief valve 5, preheater pressure transducer 10, reactor pressure sensors 13, pressure comparison module, pressure control module, pressure alarm and counterbalance valve 21;In the present embodiment, pressure controller 2 is used to realize the function of pressure comparison module and pressure control module, pressure comparison module includes preheater pressure comparison module and reactor pressure comparison module, and pressure control module includes preheater pressure control module and reactor pressure control module;Pressure monitor bleed-off system contains automatically and manually pressure and adjusts operation mechanism;nullThe real-time pressure value detected is sent to preheater pressure comparison module by preheater pressure transducer 10,The threshold value of the real-time pressure value received with setting is compared by preheater pressure comparison module,Depending on the setting visual response situation of threshold value,If common garbage is as reactant,Threshold value is typically set in 26MPa,When real-time pressure value is higher than the threshold value set,Preheater pressure comparison module sends the first preheater pressure trigger signal,Preheater pressure control module sends the first preheater pressure controling signal based on the first preheater pressure trigger signal,Pressure alarm sends warning after receiving the first preheater pressure controling signal,The real-time pressure value detected is sent to reactor pressure comparison module by reactor pressure sensors 13,The threshold value of the real-time pressure value received with setting is compared by reactor pressure comparison module,When real-time pressure value is higher than the threshold value set,Reactor pressure comparison module sends the first reactor pressure and triggers signal,Reactor pressure control module triggers signal based on the first reactor pressure and sends the first reactor pressure control signal,Pressure alarm sends warning after receiving the first reactor pressure control signal;Reporting to the police after occurring, first by manually carrying out pressure release by adjustment counterbalance valve 21, if artificial pressure regulation is carried out the most in time, pressure continues to raise, then relief valve 5 sends warning also releasing pressure automatically, it is achieved system pressure safety guarantee function;When the real-time pressure value that preheater pressure comparison module receives is less than the threshold value set, preheater pressure comparison module sends the second preheater pressure trigger signal, preheater pressure control module sends the second preheater pressure controling signal based on the second preheater pressure trigger signal, and pressure alarm sends warning after receiving the second preheater pressure controling signal;When the real-time pressure value that reactor pressure comparison module receives is less than the threshold value set, reactor pressure comparison module sends the second reactor pressure and triggers signal, reactor pressure control module triggers signal based on the second reactor pressure and sends the second reactor pressure control signal, and pressure alarm sends warning after receiving the second preheater pressure controling signal;Reporting to the police after occurring, manual adjustment counterbalance valve 21 and the pressure of pump 7, if after Tiao Zhenging, pressure is still below the threshold value set, and explanation system has leakage, then checks system, finds leakage point.Preheater pressure transducer 10 is set to identical with the threshold value of reactor pressure sensors 13, is that the pressure with whole system is suitable, and the purpose of monitoring is to have seen whether exception, if the force value difference that two sensors detect, then explanation local stoppages is faulty.
Exhaust emissions monitoring system includes tail gas sensor 17, tail gas comparison module, tail gas control module and tail gas alarm;nullThe present embodiment use tail gas controller 3 realize tail gas comparison module and the function of tail gas control module,Tail gas sensor 17 is installed on discharge tube exit,The position in 0.5 meter of exit of distance,The tail gas produced in supercritical water oxidation apparatus running is discharged by discharge tube,Tail gas sensor 17 can detect the temperature of emission、Composition and each constituent concentration,And the numerical value detected in real time is sent to tail gas comparison module,The threshold value of every for the exhaust emissions received real time value with setting is compared by tail gas comparison module,When comparing the discovery each constituent concentration of emission more than the threshold value set,Tail gas comparison module sends the first exhaust emissions and triggers signal,Tail gas control module triggers signal based on the first exhaust emissions received and sends the first Exhaust Emission Control signal,After the first Exhaust Emission Control signal received by tail gas alarm,Send warning and point out exhaust emissions abnormal conditions,Operator then take appropriate measures according to different situations.Airtight isolating device 4 carries out airtight isolation to whole oxidation unit, this airtight cofferdam uses the special material for reactant to make, form confined space, remote shooting facility it is provided with in space, the bottom surrounding of confined space is circular shape, signal is delivered to the man-machine interactively module on switch board 18 by remote shooting facility, operator can be with the safe condition of real time inspection running by switch board screen, once system generation security incident, high temperature and high pressure containers explodes, confined space can realize ground floor protection, avoid operator injured, closed system can accept the liquid of blast leakage simultaneously, avoid containing toxic or corrosive leaked liquid, the liquid accepted is further processed after collecting.
Temperature proportional actuator 1, pressure controller 2, tail gas controller 3 and monitoring screen in safety monitoring system are located on switch board 18.
Embodiment 1
Supercritical water oxidation apparatus processes the security monitoring of temperature of reactor in spent resin reaction.
The object of supercritical water oxidation is spent resin, and spent resin is the garbage of filter toxic waste water that special industry is eliminated, and the temperature that processing procedure controls is 480 DEG C-650 DEG C, pressure limit is 21MPa-25MPa;nullThe real-time temperature values that the temperature of reactor sensor 12 received is sent by the temperature comparison module on switch board 18 compares with the threshold value of setting,When real-time temperature values exceedes threshold value 580 DEG C,Temperature comparison module sends the first temperature of reactor and triggers signal,Temperature controller triggers signal based on the first temperature of reactor and sends the first temperature of reactor control signal stopping heating to secondary heater 20,Secondary heater 20 stops the heating to reactor 9,After stopping heating,Reaction in reactor continues to carry out,Supercritical water oxidation in reactor is exothermic reaction,Reaction can discharge the heat that reaction produces,The heat that course of reaction produces may be used for meeting the temperature maintaining reactor 9,But the heat produced due to reaction is consumed at any time,Thus the needs maintaining reactor 9 temperature can not be met,Therefore along with the continuity in response time,The temperature of reactor 9 is gradually lowered,When the real-time temperature values detected is sent to temperature comparison module by temperature of reactor sensor 12,The threshold value of real-time temperature values with setting is compared by temperature comparison module,When real-time temperature values is less than threshold value 480 DEG C,Temperature comparison module sends the second temperature of reactor and triggers signal,Temperature controller triggers signal based on the second temperature of reactor and sends the second temperature of reactor control signal of heating to secondary heater 20,Secondary heater 20 begins to warm up,Continue to provide heat for reactor 9.By above-mentioned flow process, the safe operation for oxidation unit provides guarantee.
Embodiment 2
Supercritical water oxidation apparatus concentration for the treatment of be 7.37wt% dimazine spent liquor reaction in the security monitoring of reactor pressure.
The object of supercritical water oxidation is the uns-dimethylhydrazine liquid of concentration 7.37wt%, and the temperature that processing procedure controls is 450 DEG C-580 DEG C, pressure limit is 19MPa-22MPa;The real-time pressure value that the reactor pressure sensors 13 received is sent by the pressure comparison module on switch board 18 compares with the threshold value of setting, when real-time pressure value is more than the threshold value set, pressure comparison module sends the first reactor pressure and triggers signal, pressure controller 2 triggers signal based on the first reactor pressure and sends the first reactor pressure control signal, the alarm equipment alarm on switch board to pressure alarm;After warning, first by the valve of counterbalance valve or reactor bottom is opened manually, carry out artificial pressure release, if carrying out artificial pressure release the most in time, along with the rising of pressure, relief valve 5 automatic alarm pressure release, pressure release is to after below safety value, and reaction unit recovers normal, and the reaction in reactor proceeds;The liquid gone out from discharge of safety valve during releasing pressure automatically can be collected and further process by operator.Being avoided the generation of Accident of Large-scale by the monitoring of such effective and safe, protect personal security and processing means safety, the safety operation for personnel provides guarantee.
Obviously; above-described embodiment of the present utility model is only for clearly demonstrating this utility model example; and it is not the restriction to embodiment of the present utility model; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive, every belong to obvious change that the technical solution of the utility model extended out or the variation row still in protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. the safety monitoring system for supercritical water oxidation apparatus, it is characterized in that, described safety monitoring system includes: reserving liquid tank (6), the preheater (8) being connected by pump (7) with described reserving liquid tank, the reactor (9) being connected with described preheater (8) pipeline, the oxidant feedway (14) being connected with described reactor (9) pipeline, the cooler (15) being connected with described preheater (8) pipeline and the gas-liquid separator (16) being connected with described cooler (15);Relief valve (5) it is provided with between pump (7) and preheater (8), being provided with counterbalance valve (21) between cooler (15) and gas-liquid separator (16), preheater (8) is provided with primary heater (19);Reactor (9) is provided with secondary heater (20);
Data acquisition unit, for carrying out Real-time Collection to temperature, pressure and the tail gas displacement data of described oxidation unit;
Comparing unit, compares with predetermined threshold value for temperature, pressure and the tail gas displacement data obtained by Real-time Collection;If the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first triggering signal corresponding thereto;If the measured value compared is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then send the second triggering signal corresponding thereto;
Control unit, triggers signal or second based on described first and triggers signal, send the first control signal or the second control signal.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described data acquisition unit includes temperature sensor, pressure transducer and tail gas sensor.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first triggers signal includes that the first temperature triggered signal, the first pressure trigger signal and the first exhaust emissions trigger signal;Described second triggers signal includes the second temperature triggered signal and the second pressure trigger signal;
Described comparing unit includes:
The temperature data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first temperature triggered signal corresponding thereto, if the measured value compared less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then sends the temperature comparison module of the second temperature triggered signal corresponding thereto;
The pressure data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then send the first pressure trigger signal corresponding thereto, if the measured value compared less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, then sends the pressure comparison module of the second pressure trigger signal corresponding thereto;With
The emission data obtained by Real-time Collection compares with predetermined threshold value, if the measured value compared is higher than predetermined threshold value, then sends the first exhaust emissions corresponding thereto and triggers the tail gas comparison module of signal.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first triggers signal includes that the first temperature triggered signal, the first pressure trigger signal and the first exhaust emissions trigger signal;Described second triggers signal includes the second temperature triggered signal and the second pressure trigger signal;
Described first control signal includes the first temperature control signals, the first pressure controling signal and the first Exhaust Emission Control signal;Described second control signal includes the second temperature control signals and the second pressure controling signal;
Described control unit includes:
Based on the first temperature triggered signal or the second temperature triggered signal, send the first temperature control signals or the temperature control modules of the second temperature control signals;
Based on the first pressure trigger signal or the second pressure trigger signal, send the first pressure controling signal or the pressure control module of the second pressure controling signal;With
Trigger signal based on the first exhaust emissions, send the tail gas control module of the first Exhaust Emission Control signal.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described temperature sensor is located at the medium of the preheater (8) of described oxidation unit and is flowed out on pipeline and be located at the inside of reactor (9).
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described pressure transducer is located at inside and the inside of reactor (9) of the preheater (8) of described oxidation unit.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described tail gas sensor is located at the discharge duct outlets 0.4-0.7m of oxidation unit.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described safety monitoring system also includes the relief valve (5) being located between pump (7) and preheater (8).
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described safety monitoring system farther includes: human-computer interaction module, manipulates system and data interaction for staff.
Safety monitoring system the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described safety monitoring system farther includes:
Airtight cofferdam (4);
Described oxidation unit is placed in described airtight cofferdam;
The bottom surrounding of described airtight cofferdam (4) is circular arc;
It is further provided with in described airtight cofferdam (4) carrying out the remote shooting device of video communication with described human-computer interaction module.
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